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GLEN CANYON 230-KV SHUNT CAPACITOR AND 345-KV AUTOTRANSFORMER
SWITCHING TRANSIENT FIELD TESTS
September 1990
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Reclamation
Denver Off ice Research and Laboratory Services Division
Electric Power Branch
GLEN CANYON SWITCHYARD 230-KV SHUNT CAPACITOR AND 345-KV AUTOTRANSFORMER SWITCHING TRANSIENT FIELD TESTS D-3771
7. AUTHOR^)
Phil Atwater and Hector Landa
Western Area Power Administration Golden CO 80401
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZAT ION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZAT ION NAME AND ADDRESS
Bureau of Reclamation Denver Office Denver CO 80225
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE I
R-90-17 10. WORK UNIT NO.
11. C O N T R A C T OR G R A N T NO.
13. T Y P E O F REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
I DlBR 15. S U P P L E M E N T A R Y NOTES
I Microfiche and hard copy available at the Denver Office. Denver, Colorado.
16. ABSTRACT
This document contains the results of the Glen Canyon Switchyard 230-kilovolt shunt capacitor and 345-kilovolt autotransformer switching transient field tests conducted by the Bureau of Reclamation from August 28 to September 2,1989. These tests were conducted to determine if routine switching of four new W-megavar, 230-kilovolt shunt capacitor banks in various combinations would produce undesired transient disturbances to the power system or station relaying. Glen Canyon Dam is located on the Colorado River near Page, Arizona.
17. K E Y WORDS A N D DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
0 . D E ~ C R ! P T O R S - - power system transients/ shunt capacitor switching/ autotransformer magnetmng mush
1 I
b. ID E N T I F I E R S - - power system switching transients/ field tests/ Glen Canyon Switchyard/ Colorado River Storage Project
c . COSATI Field/Group COWRR: SRIM:
18. D ISTRIBUTION STATEMENT 19. ! ( THIS REPORT)
NCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASS 22. PR ICE [THIS PAGE)
I I UNCLASSIFIED I
GLEN CANYON SWITCHYARD 230-KV SHUNT CAPACITOR AND 345-KV AUTOTRANSFORMER
SWITCHING TRANSIENT FIELD TESTS
Phil Atwater Hector Landa
Electric Power Branch Research and Laboratory Setvices Division
Denver Office Denver, Colorado
September 1990
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE lNTERlOR * BUREAU OF RECLAMATION
Mission: As the Nation's principal conservation agency, theDepartment of the Interior has responsibility for most of ournationally owned public lands and natural and culturalresources. This includes fostering wise use of our land andwater resources, protecting our fish and wildlife,preservingthe environmental and cultural values of our national parksand historical places, and providing for the enjoyment of lifethrough outdoor recreation. The Department assesses ourenergy and mineral resources and works to assure that theirdevelopment is in the best interests of all our people. TheDepartment also promotes the goals of the Take Pride inAmerica campaign by encouraging stewardship and citizenresponsibility for the public lands and promoting citizenparticipation in their care. The Department also has a majorresponsibility for American Indian reservation communitiesand for people who live in Island Territories under U.S.Administration.
The information contained in this report regarding commercialproducts or firms may not be used for advertising or promotionalpurposes and is not to be construed as an endorsement of anyproduct or firm by the Bureau of Reclamation.
11
CONTENTS
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instrumentation and field test setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure
2
FIGURES
1 Partial single-line diagram of the Glen Canyon Switchyardand test instrumentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 1: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovoltcapacitor bank PZ7B energized. No other banks on-line. . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 1: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A 230-kilovolt side voltage and currents when capacitorbank PZ7B energized. No other banks on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 2: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovoltcapacitor banks PZ7 A and PZ7B energized. No other banks on-line. . .
Series I, test 2: time expansion of capacitor bank PZ7B currents and230-kilovolt bus voltage strip chart traces shown in figure 4 ,....
Series I, test 2: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A 230-kilovolt side voltage and currents when capacitor banksPZ7A and PZ7B energized. No other banks on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 3: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovolt capacitorbank PZ7B energized. Capacitor bank PZ7A on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 3: time expansion of capacitor bank PZ7B strip chartcurrents and 230-kilovolt bus voltage traces shown in figure 6 ...,....
Series I, test 3: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A 230-kilovolt side voltage and currents when capacitor bankPZ7B energized. No other banks on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 3 (repeat): digital electronic strip chart traces ofswitching transient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovoltcapacitor bank PZ7B energized. Capacitor bank PZ7A on-line. . . . . . .
3
4
4A
5
6
6A
7
8
111
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Figure
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CONTENTS - Contents
Series I, test 4: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovolt capacitorbank PZ7B energized. Capacitor bank PZ8A on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 4: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A 230-kilovolt side voltage and currents when capacitor bankPZ7B energized. Capacitor bank PZ8A on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 6: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovolt capacitorbank PZ7B energized. Capacitor banks PZ8A and PZ8B on-line. . . . . .
Series I, test 6: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A 230-kilovolt side voltage and currents when capacitor bankPZ7B energized. Capacitor banks PZ8A and PZ8B on-line. . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 7: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovolt capacitorbanks PZ7A and PZ7B energized. Capacitor banks PZ8Aand PZ8B on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 8: digital electronic strip chart traces of switchingtransient current and voltages produced when 230-kilovolt capacitorbank PZ7B energized. Capacitor banks PZ7A, PZ8A,and PZ8B on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series I, test 8: time expansion of capacitor bank PZ7B currents and230-kilovolt bus voltage strip chart traces shown in figure 14
"""'"Series I, test 8: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformer
KU5A 230-kilovolt side voltage and currents when capacitor bankPZ7B energized. Capacitor banks PZ7 A, PZ8A, and PZ8B on-line. . . .
Series II, test 1: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A inrush currents when energized from 230-kilovolt system.No capacitor banks on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series II, test 2: digital electronic strip chart traces of capacitorbank transient currents and voltages when transformer KU5Aenergized from 230-kilovolt system. Capacitor bank PZ7B on-line
Series II, test 3: digital electronic strip chart traces of capacitorbank transient currents and voltages when transformer KU5Aenergized from 230-kilovolt system. Capacitor banks PZ7 Aand PZ7B on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series II, test 4: digital electronic strip chart traces of capacitorbank transient currents and voltages when transformer KU5Aenergized from 230-kilovolt system. Capacitor banks PZ7 A, PZ7B,and PZ8A on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series II, test 5: digital electronic strip chart traces of capacitorbank transient currents and voltages when transformer KU5Aenergized from 230-kilovolt system. Capacitor banks PZ7A, PZ7B,PZ8A, and PZ8B on-line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv
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20
22
23
25
26
28
30
31
32
33
35
37
39
Figure
21
CONTENTS - Contents
Series II, test 5: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformerKU5A inrush currents when energized from 230-kilovolt system.Capacitor banks PZ7A, PZ7B, PZ8A, and PZ8B on-line. . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDIX
Test Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
v
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43
INTRODUCTION
The Glen Canyon 230-kilovolt switchyard tests were conducted from August 28 to September 2,1989, and data reduction and analysis have been completed. The August 1989 field test procedureis included as an appendix to this report. Due to power circuit breaker misoperations experiencedduring these tests, capacitor switching tests 5 and 9 of series I were omitted. A partial single-linediagram of the Glen Canyon Switchyard is given in figure 1.
CONCLUSIONS
The field tests and records provide the following observations and conclusions:
. The largest capacitor bank switching transient phase and neutral currents occurred, asanticipated, during the back-to-back switching tests. This corresponds to tests 3 and 8 ofseries I. These currents reached peak magnitudes of more than 6 kilo amperes at anatural frequency of 5.5 kilohertz.
. The most severe 230-kilovolt bus transient overvoltage observed (154 percent rated peakphase-to-neutral voltage) occurred during test 3, series I, where one capacitor bank wasenergized with one other bank on-line. Note, however, that energizing one or two bankswith no other banks on-line produced nearly as high transient overvoltages (138 percentand 144 percent for tests 1 and 2).
. Measured step-and-touch potentials at capacitor bank PZ7B and the west corner of theswitchyard were less than 100 volts peak for all tests. This indicates that the switchyardground mat design is adequate for the short-time transient currents generated duringcapacitor switching operations.
. The transient voltages measured across the 50/51 and 87B4 relay phase A currenttransformer secondary burdens at circuit breaker JZ7C were less than 40 volts peak forall tests.
. Energizing autotransformer KU5A from the 230-kilovolt system caused noticeablehigh-frequency transient currents to appear in the phase and neutral leads of energizedcapacitors (see fig. 17 for example). These high-frequency transient currents were notsevere enough to cause the capacitor unbalance protective relaying to misoperate.
. Several capacitor switching operations produced transient disturbances severe enoughto cause 230-kilovolt circuit breakers 8082 and 8186 to incorrectly trip open. The trippingoccurred during tests 6 and 7 of series I when one or two capacitor banks were energizedon the west bus with two banks connected to the east bus. During these tests, peakswitching transient currents on the 230-kilovolt bus ranged from 2,600 to 4,800 amperesat 1,200 to 1,480 hertz for tests 6 and 7, respectively.
. The circuit breaker pole current conduction process can be clearly observed during theclosing operation of PCB JZ7C, as evident in figures 2 and 4 for tests 1 and 2, series I.As the breaker contacts traveled to close the gap, an arc established in the individualpoles as the power system phase-to-neutral voltage (voltage across the gap) in each phaseapproached a crest. Each pole, therefore, began to conduct at a different time
determined by the voltage stress across the gap as the contacts met. The time elapsedfrom initiation of the first pole conduction to the last during these tests was generally3 milliseconds, or about the minimum time required for each of the three phases to passthrough a voltage crest at 60 hertz. Pole restrikes can be observed in instances wherecurrent interruption is evident, caused by insufficient voltage across the contact gap tosustain the arc.
INSTRUMENTATION AND FIELD TEST SETUP
Figure 1 indicates connection points of the test instrumentation to the power system and thepositive current references. CVACCT's (current-to-voltage air core current transformers) werelocated at capacitor bank PZ7B and at the neutral bushing of autotransformer KU5A to monitorthree-phase capacitor currents and autotransformer neutral current. RCS's (resistor current shunts)were inserted in the metering current transformers at the control building to monitorautotransformer KU5A three-phase currents. FCECT's (ferrite core electronic currenttransformers) were installed at power circuit breaker JZ7C to measure three-phase currents. Atthe same location, PIA (potential isolation amplifiers) were wired to monitor transient voltagesacross relays 87B4 and 50/51 current transformer secondary burdens. BTP (bushing tap potential)devices were installed on the 230-kilovolt system bushings at autotransformer KU5B to monitorphase-to-ground voltage in each phase. Step-and-touch potential probes, shown as Vs and Vt infigure 1, were used to monitor the high-frequency transient response of the station ground mat.
The instrumentation was designed for optimum frequency response (minimum gain and phaseangle error) over a range of 60 hertz to 10 kilohertz. This frequency range was chosen based onan electromagnetic transients program study done by WAPA (Western Area Power Administration)for these switching tests. The amplitude frequency response is flat to within 0 to -10 percent gainerror for the current instrumentation, and to within 0 to -2 percent for the voltage instrumentation.The phase angle shift is linear with frequency, with a maximum phase shift of 10° and 35° at 10kilohertz for the current and voltage instrumentation, respectively.
The instrumentation and connection schemes were carefully designed to minimize the effects ofground loops and stray pickup from within the 230-kilovolt switchyard. Noise reduction techniquesusing instrumentation and cable shielding, single-point grounding, and fiber optic isolation wereemployed to reduce the coupling in the high-noise environment of the capacitor switchyard.However, it is evident form these field data and laboratory tests that noise is present with thevalid power system signals. The data must be interpreted with the caution stated below.
DATA SUMMARY
Results of the series I capacitor bank switching transient tests are given in figures 2 through 15.Results of the series II transformer magnetizing current inrush tests are presented in figures 16through 21. On these figures, legends are used to point out salient features such as circuit breakerpoles closing,pole restrikes, switchyard bus overvoltages, frequencies generated in the transient, etc.In cases where the frequency varies during the transient period due to system nonlinearities, rangesrather than single values are given. Also indicated are instrument-related phenomena such asinstrument signal cable ringing and stray noise pickup. It was determined in the laboratory that
2
,It
all recorded signals with frequencies on the order of 30 kilohertz and higher are due to cableringing. Further tests of the instrumentation helped to identify stray pickup signals, and these areindicated in some of the traces. The signal chart zero line has been drawn and indicated for caseswhere it does not coincide with the center line of the recorded waveform. This offset is the resultof nonideal instrument amplifier response to large power system transients. However, if theamplifier does not saturate, the a-c data riding on the offset can be scaled with the reconstructedzero line.
Excluding the capacitor bank 230-kilovolt circuit breakers, all the 230- and 345-kilovolt switchyardcircuit breakers were closed at the time these tests were conducted. Generators on-line duringthese tests were as follows:
Test No.Glen Canyon
generators on-line
Series I
1234678
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7*, 81, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7*, 81, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7*, 81,2,3,4,6,7,8*1,2,3,4.5,6,7*,81,2,3,4,6,7,8*
Series /I
12345
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,81,2,3,4,5,6,7,81,2,3,4,5,6,7,81,2,3,4,5,6,7,81,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
* Machine was running as synchronous condenser.
RESULTS
Figure 2 shows traces of switching transient currents and voltages produced when 230-kilovoltcapacitor bank PZ7B was energized with no other banks on-line (series I, test 1). The highestcapacitor bank transient current occurred in phase B, reaching about 1600 amperes peak. Theresulting peak transient overvoltage on that phase was 133 percent rated peak phase-to-neutralvoltage. Note that the highest transient overvoltage occurred in phase A at 138 percent. A polerestrike occurred on phase B of circuit breaker JZ7C, resulting in a voltage discontinuity ofapproximately 25 kilovolts. Capacitor switching transient currents ranged in frequencies from 720to 1020 hertz for the phase currents and 660 to 720 hertz for the neutral current. Figure 3 showsthe corresponding phase and neutral current traces for autotransformer KU5A. It also shows the230-kilovolt bus voltage of phase A taken at east bus capacitor voltage transformer VZ7 A. Notice
3
that the amplitude response of this device has a significant attenuation at high frequencies whencompared to the 230-kilovolt bushing tap potential traces in figure 2.
Energization of two capacitor banks (PZ7A and PZ7B) with no other banks on-line (series I, test 2)yielded similar magnitude transient phase currents but a larger neutral current as shown in figure 4.Overvoltages on the 230-kilovolt bus were also slightly larger than the previous test, reaching144 percent rated peak phase-to-neutral voltage. Current interruption and restrike of the phaseC pole of circuit breaker JZ7C is clearly evident in the current traces. As predicted inelectromagnetic transient program studies performed by WAP A, the capacitor transient currentsconsisted of a low-order oscillation at 600 hertz and a high order of oscillation at 5.5 kilohertz, ascan be seen in these traces. The higher frequency is superimposed on the lower frequency.Figure 4A is a time-expanded version of figure 4 that clearly shows the high frequency component.Autotransformer KU5A phase and neutral current traces are given in figure 5.
Results of tests 3 and 8 of series 1 are shown in figures 6 and 14, respectively. For test 3, capacitorbank PZ7B was energized with only PZ7A on-line. For test 8, the same capacitor bank (PZ7B) wasenergized but with PZ7 A, PZ8A, and PZ8B on-line. In (close) agreement with the westernelectromagnetic transients program study predictions, these back-to-back capacitor bank switchingtests produced transient peak currents up to 6.6 kiloamperes in magnitude and 5.5 kilohertzfrequency of oscillation in both cases. Figures 6A and 14A are time expansion versions of thecurrent traces for PZ7B. Figure 8 shows phases Band C current traces for test 3 (repeat) mingmore sensitive current scales, thus allowing one to observe the 60-hertz steady-state load currentthat is almost unnoticeable in figure 6. Large peak transient overvoltages, about 155 percent ratedpeak phase-to-neutral voltage, were recorded on the 230-kilovolt bus for test 3 (repeat). For test 8,in spite of the high transient currents measured, the overvoltage was only 119 percent. Figures 7and 15 show autotransformer KU5A current traces for tests 3 and 8, respectively.
The remainder of the series I test data shown in figures 9 through 15 are for various combinationsof capacitor bank(s) energized from the 230-kilovolt west bus, with bank(s) connected to the230-kilovolt east bus. As expected, the transient switching currents observed in all the tests withcapacitor bank( s) connected to the east bus are larger than without capacitors on the east bus, butare lower than observed for the back-to-back bank switching tests on the west bus. The reason forthese lower transient currents lies in the 4-millihenry series current limiting reactors connectingboth capacitor bank systems to the 230-kilovolt buses. Frequencies of transient capacitor currentsrange between 1200 and 1700 hertz. A very small high-frequency component of 5.5 kilohertz alsoappears in test 7 when two capacitor banks were energized on the 230-kilovolt west bus with twobanks connected to the east bus. The interaction of banks on the same bus (without 4-millihenrycurrent limiting series reactors) generates this high-frequency oscillation, the same as observed forthe back-to-back bank switching tests. The highest peak transient bus overvoltage of these threetests occurred during test 6 (133 percent rated peak phase-to-neutral voltage).
Strip chart traces of autotransformer KU5A magnetizing inrush currents with no capacitor bankson-line (test 1, series II) and with all four banks on-line (test 5, series II) are given in figures 16and 21, respectively. The inrush current traces shown in these figures are representative of all theseries II field test data. Typically, it took 10 seconds for the inrush current to die out to 10 percentof its initial peak value.
4
In general, the steady-state capacitor bank load currents recorded at capacitor bank PZ7B andcircuit breaker JZ7C for the series II tests show harmonic distortion. The distinguishable harmoniccomponents varied for different tests. The 11th harmonic was the most prominent in test 2, the7th in test 3, and the 5th in tests 4 and 5. The capacitor bank PZ7B neutral current trace for test 5shows a 9th harmonic component. In all cases when autotransformer KU5A was energized, thecurrent distortion increased. During test 5, the PZ7B neutral current increased about 15 timeswhen interrupter switch WZ5C was closed. A very noticeable distortion in the 230-kilovolt busvoltage resulted in this test.
5
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Figure 1. - Partial single-line diagram of the Glen Canyon Switchyard and test instrumentation.
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Figure 9. - Series I, test 4: digital electronic strip chart traces of switching transient currentsand voltages produced when 230-kV capacitor bank PZ78 energized. Capacitor bankPZ8A on-line. - Continued
21
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Figure 15. - Series I, test 8: digital electronic strip chart traces of transformer KU5A 230-kV side voltage andcurrents when capacitor bank PZ7B energized. Capacitor banks PZ7A, PZ8A, and PZ8B on-line.
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Figure 17. - Series II, test 2: digital electronic strip chart traces of capacitor bank transient currentsand voltages when transformer KU5Aenergized from 23Q-kVsystem.Capacitor bank PZ7B on-line. - Continued
34
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APPENDIX
Test Procedure
43
Cap. Bank(s) Circuit Breaker Cap. Bank(s)Test No. Enerqized Closed On-line
1 PZ7B JZ7C None2 PZ7A & PZ7B JZ7C None3 PZ7B JZ7D PZ7A4 PZ7B JZ7C PZ8A5 PZ8B JZ8D PZ7B & PZ8A6 PZ7B JZ7C PZ8A & PZ8B7 PZ7A & PZ7B JZ7C PZ8A & PZ8B8 PZ7B JZ7D PZ7A, PZ8A, PZ8B9 PZ7A & PZ7B JZ7C PZ8A
Glen Canyon Switchyard230-kV Shunt Capacitor Bank Field Tests
August 1989
Purpose
The purpose of this field test is to measure switching transient voltages andcurrents generated in the 230-kilovolt yard when various combinations of thefour 50-megavar capacitor banks and a 345-/230-kilovolt autotransformer areenergized. Induced currents and voltages in instrument transformer secondaryand control cable circuits, and the high-frequency transient response of thestation ground mat will also be monitored. The following two test series havebeen developed by Reclamation in response to the Western Area PowerAdministration (Western) field test proposal, copy attached, from A2330.
Description of Test Series
Series I: Capacitor Bank Switching Transient Tests - This test series willmeasure various transient voltages and currents developed in the switchyardwhen the banks are energized in the following combinations. The electricalcircuits to be monitored for these tests are listed in the Instrumentationsection. During these tests, the switchyard should be in a normal switchingconfiguration with all 345- and 230-kilovolt power circuits energized and themaximum number of generators on-line at Glen Canyon Powerplant (at speed-no-load as required). The generators will be used as necessary to controlvoltage during these tests.
Series II: Transformer Magnetizing Current Inrush Tests - This test serieswill measure transformer and capacitor bank inrush currents when 345-/230-/25-kilovolt autotransformer KU5Ais energized from the 230-kilovolt system.Interrupter switch WZ5Cwill energize the autotransformer with the 345-kilovolt high-voltage and 25-kilovolt tertiary windings disconnected from thepower system. During these tests, the 345-, 230-, and 25-kilovolt systemswill be interconnected only through autotransformer KU5B. Western must ensurethat the switching and loading conditions on the various voltage rated systemsand station service are appropriate for autotransformer KU5A out of service.The electrical circuits to be monitored for these tests are similar forseries I and are listed in the Instrumentation section. Autotransformer KU5Awill be energized with the following capacitor banks on-line:
45
Transformer Int. Sw. Cap. Bank(s)Test No. Enerqized Closed On-line
1 KU5A WZ5C None2 KU5A WZ5C PZ7B3 KU5A WZ5C PZ7A, PZ7B4 KU5A WZ5C PZ7A, PZ7B, PZ8A5 KU5A WZ5C PZ7A, PZ7B, PZ8A, PZ8B
Instrumentation
The following instrumentation will be provided by Reclamation and installed bythe Reclamation Denver Office test crew with the assistance of Western. Allinstrumentation listed below will be operational for both test series.
Type Instrument Point of No. of RecordingInstrument Location Connection Channels
I to Vair core CT PZ7B la, Ib, Ic, In 4
ferrite core spare CT'selectronic CT JZ7C la, Ib, Ic 3
230-kVbushing tappotential KU5B Va,Vb,Vc 3
step and touch 3-foot steppotential probes PZ7B and touch V 2
step potential swyd. 3-footprobe corner step V 1
potential 87B4 CTi so. amp. JZ7C phase A 1
potential 50/51 CTiso. amp JZ7C phase A 1
CT current control KU5Ashunt bldg. la, Ib, Ic 3
I to V neutral bushingair core CT KU5A In 1
In addition, Western will provide recording instrumentation suitable formonitoring transient voltages generated in control cables terminated in thecontrol building. The Denver Office test crew will assist with theinstallation and operation of this equipment.
46
Test Schedule
The following test schedule gives the approximate time required to set up andperform these tests. Western should have all materials and equipmentdescribed in the Materials and Equipment section on hand as required. Allclearances and switching procedures required should be prepared in advancewhere necessary to expedite the testing.
Sunday, August 27 - Denver test crew leaves Denver with test van andequipment.
Monday, August 28 - Test van arrives at Page, Arizona. Additional Denver testcrew and Western personnel fly to Page. Discuss details of testingactivities, safety and clearance procedures, switchyard modifications, etc. inthe afternoon.
Tuesday and Wednesday, August 29 and 30 - Set up test instrumentation andmonitoring equipment. Capacitor bank PZ7B and autotransformers KU5Aand KU5Bmust be deenergizedlgrounded and on clearance status while instrumentation isinstalled on this equipment. The transformers can be removed from service oneat a time and reenergized after the work is completed. Perform initial testinstrument function and calibration checks.
A Western electrician and personnel who can place clearances and personalprotective grounds must be available to assist the Denver test crew beginningTuesday, August 29, continuing until test equipment is removed from the yardon Friday, September 1.
Thursday, August 31 - Final test instrument calibration. Perform series Iand II tests. Tests to be conducted during daytime hours.
Friday, September 1 - To be used to either complete testing or as backup incase of delays or bad weather. Disconnect and pack test instrumentation.Test van leaves Page for Denver. Denver test crew and Western personnelreturn flight to Denver in late afternoon.
Materials and Eauipment
The Denver test crew will provide all test equipment and materials requiredfor monitoring and recording the signals listed in the Instrumentationsection. All wire and cable required for connection to the switchyard willalso be provided.
Western will provide the recording instrumentation for monitoring controlcable transient voltages in the control building. The Denver test crew willassist with the installation and operation of this equipment. The test vanwill require 240-volts a-c, single-phase power which can be obtained from anunused 30-amp circuit breaker in cabinet DZA. Western should provideapproximately 175 feet of No. 10 AWG,2/c cable to power the van from this
47
cabinet when located at the northwest end of the cable trench in the shuntcapacitor yard. Western should also provide all personal protective groundingcable and hardware required for deenergized and grounded clearance work oncapacitor bank PZ7B and autotransformers KU5A and KU5B.
Communications
These tests will require coordination and/or communication between thefollowing locations: instrument test van in shunt cap. switchyard, test crew,switchyard control building, powerplant, and the Montrose dispatch center.Western will provide two-way radios for communication between the test crewand van, and the control building. Switchyard power equipment under test willbe locally controlled from the control building during all setup and testingactivities. During actual test data recording, power equipment under testwill be energized by voice countdown from the test van.
Western will provide a person designated as the test coordinator who will beresponsible for obtaining and/or writing the proper clearance and switchingprocedures necessary to perform these tests. The test coordinator will alsoobserve test and equipment status and supervise all test activities involvingclearances and interaction with the powerplant and dispatch center. TheDenver test crew will work with the test coordinator in directing the testingactivities.
48
A2330, P. Krause
Field Tests of the Glen Canyon Shunt Capacitor Banks
L2000, L. Nelson
The addition of the four 230-kV, 50,000 kvar shunt capacitor banks at GlenCanyon viII be co.plete by August, 1989. The switching of these banks viIIresult in high frequency currents and voltages on the Glen Canyon 230-kV buswhich could impact the operation of the protective relays. Therefore, werecommend that additional monitoring devices be connected to measure the highfrequency currents and voltages associated with shunt capacitor bank switchingduring the commissioning tests.
No system short circuits viII be required for the tests, only energization ofthe capacitor bank, energization of one 345/230-kV transformer, and back-to-back svitching of the capacitor banks. The tests viII enable measurements tobe recorded relating to the folloving items:
1) Shunt capacitor bank svitching results in large, high frequency currentsthrough the current transformers(CTs) resulting in possible high voltagesin the secondary circuit. Tbe high voltages are a result of theincreased burden presented to the CT by the various components connectedto the secondary circuit. Heasurements can be made to confirm that thesecondary burden does not cause excessive voltages on the CT, or elementsin the secondary circuit (cable, relays; transducers, meters, etc).
2) Large voltage spikes can also develop during shunt capacitor switching.The phase-to-phase magnitude is of interest because of the stress thiscan place on three phase transformer windings. The first capacitor bankto be energized usually produces the largest phase-to-phase stress on thetransformer.
3) Transformer energization can cause excessive harmonic currents in theneutral of shunt capacitor banks. The harmonic currents may cause thecapacitor bank unbalance protection to misoperate.
4) During back-to-back capacitor bank switching, large high frequency
currents flow between the neutrals of the individual capacitor banks.The ground mat is designed to provide safe step and touch potentials at60 Hz, but the step and touch potentials associated with the hi~~frequency capacitor currents cay differ.
~
Data obtained during the commissioning tests viII determinerif'any additionalmeasures are required for proper control, protection, or operation of the shuntcapacitor banks. In addition, the results viII aid in design of future shuntcapacitor installations
49
A2330 vill provide coordination vithin Headquarters and vith the Bureau ofReclamation Labs for special instrimentation that may be required. If you haveany questions please call Joel Bladow at FrS 327-7572.
Gorden T. McConeDirector, Division ofSystem Engineering
cc:A2100 G. Birney
"0000 L. Ell ts
bee:A2000A2110A2130A2300A2330
A2330:JBladov:X7572:2/3/89
50
,TATION
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TRANsrORwERKIZI.CT100071
TRI.NsrORIilER KI2A100071
2:HI.
Mission of the Bureau of Reclamation
The Bureau of Reclamation of the U.S. Department of the Interior is responsible for the development and conservation of the Nation's water resources in the Western United States.
The Bureau's original purpose 'to provide for the reclamation of arid and semiarid lands in the West' today covers a wide range of interrelated functions. These include providing municipal and industrial water supplies; hydroelectric power generation; irrigation water for agriculture; water quality improvement; flood control; river navigation; river regulation and control; fish and wildlife enhancement; outdoor recreation; and research on water-related design, construction, materials, atmospheric management, and wind and solar power.
Bureau programs most frequently are the result of close cooperation with the U.S. Congress, other Federal agencies, States, local governments, academic institutions, water-user organizations, and other concerned groups.
A free pamphlet is available from the Bureau entitled "Publications for Sale." It describes some of the technical publications currently available, their cost, and how to order them. The pamphlet can be obtained upon request from the Bureau of Reclamation, Attn D-7923A, PO Box 25007, Denver Federal Center, Denver CO 80225-0007.
