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give peaksa chance
S u s a n R o g e r sB o b K a t z
F l o r i a n C a m e r e rG e o r g e M a s s e n b u r g
B o b L u d w i gT h o m a s L u n d
Give Peaks a ChanceT h o m a s L u n dG e n e l e c O y
F i n l a n d
A E S 1 3 9 • N e w Yo r k • O c t 3 0 , 2 0 1 5
PMPs and Hearing Loss
2.5 - 10 million people in Europe to develop HL because of Personal Media Players (PMPs)
EN50332-1 and -2 requirements for PMPs sold in Europe
WHO likely to follow suit
“Dangerous Decibels” US campaign
EN 50332-1, EN 50332-2Doesn’t work with ITU-R BS.1770
EN 50332-1, EN 50332-2High “pressure” needed to get enough output
PMPs and Hearing Loss
has had mandatory requirements since 2013: EN50332-1, -2TC108X/WG3 is making progress on dose estimation (phase 3)Dose estimation to reduce false warnings, to protect music heritageCurrently, exposure uncertainty can be 30 dB or more (1000 times)
Europe
Phase 1 and 2 implemented in IEC 62368-1, clause 10.6IEC
Well indicated to legislate on sound exposure from PMPs
8
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63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 99 02 05 08 11
Ortner, 2012Peak to Loudness Ratio 1963 - 2011 Year
PLR [dB] 7.400 most popular music tracksGermany, UK, US
Productions below the dotted line rarely sound good on a fine system
PLR [dB]
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
Can be great
Maybe ok
Squashed
Likely bad
Junk
AudioQuality
LUFSiTunes NormalizationTarget at ~ -16 LUFS
Peak Level
Loudness
0
1
2
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4
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6
-5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35
Loudness of Internet Radio Oct. 2015
12
6
0
77 random iTunes Internet Radio stations. “Classic Rock” and “Top 40”
Loudness [LKFS] = [LUFS]
E.g. Musical Justice ChronicleCRToronto
E.g. Fréquence 3Radio 252
Number
Mark KnopflerBritish Grove, London
wec o m p re s s o r s
b u t c o m p a re a t e q u a l l o u d n e s s
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
-18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6
Subj. Loudness[LU]
MasteredLoudness[LUFS]
Not Norm Norm iTunes Norm ITU
Consequence of Normalized Platforms
Inverted U curve, even on resulting loudness
Target example at-16 LUFS = LKFS
Vestbo Trio Astronaut
Mike Sheridan
“Let’s be ambitious about it for the sake of our ears”
Help consumers find decent contentHelp musicians fund hi-res master
Protect music heritagehttp://nordicdynamic.net
1986
2012
1986
2012
http://musictester.net/demo/
Loudnessnormalizedplayback!
1.Count Basie w/Joe Williams:“Mean Old World”Secret stereo recordingby Bruce Swedien1958
2.Imagine Dragons:
“Demons”From album
Night Visions2012
1 min 30 sek
ReferencesEU Commission (2009). On the safety requirements to be met by European standards for personal music players pursuant to Directive 2001/95/EC.
S. G. Kujawa & M. C. Liberman (2009). Journal of Neuroscience. Adding Insult to Injury: Cochlear Nerve Degeneration after 'Temporary' Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.
B. Gourévitch et al. (2014). Nature Neuroscience. Is the din really harmless? Long-term effects of non-traumatic noise on the adult auditory system.
S. Gissel, J.T. Mortensen, S. Juul (2002). Int J Adolesc Med Health. Evaluation of hearing ability in Danish children at the time of school start and at the end of school.
R. Ortner (2012). Donau Universität. Je lauter desto bumm! - The Evolution of Loud
J. Tønnesvang et al. (2015). Klim. The Four Quadrant Model.
CENELEC EN50332, IEC/EN 62668-1
ATSC A/85, EBU R128, ITU-R BS.1770
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