AD-A275 800

1.8 Gigahertz (GHz) Digital LowDensity Radio CommunicationsLink (LDRCL), Oprational Testand Evaluation (OT&E)Integration and OT&EOperational Final Test ReportMichael R. Melillo

"January 1994

DOT/FAA/CT-TN93/41 DTIC QUAL.L -

Document is on file at the Technical Center Library,,,

Atlantic City International Airport, N.J. 08405

US Department of Traraporkohon"" A ____ % S 94-05015Technical CenterAtlantic City International Airport. N.J. 08405

S-94 2 15 001

dI

NOTICE

This document Is disseminated under the sponsorshipof the U.S. Ddpartment of Transportation in the Interest ofInformation exchange. The United States Governmentassumes no liability for the contents or use thereof.

The United States Government does not endorseproducts or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers'names appear herein solely because they are consideredessential to the objective of this report.

A..***, ~Tsheicet Rep..t Doeuonee.gi Pege

*1.8 GIGAHERTZ (GHz) DIGITAL LOW DENSITY RADIO January 1994COMMUNICATIONS LINK (LDRCL) OPERATIONAL TEST 6. Performing Orgoem, gotten CodeAND EVALUATION (OT&E) INTEGRATION AND OT&E

*OPERATIONAL FINAL TEST REPORT I. PerfoSrmig org..nIseteasseort No.

Michael R. Melillo DOT/FAA/CT- TN9 3/419.peffenne Orgen. notson Home mod "ddress 10. Work Unit~ Me. (TRAIS)

U.S. Department of TransportationFederal Aviation Administration 11.cotrc of,~.. Grn me.Technical CenterAtlantic City International Airport, NJ 08405 13. Type of RoWl and period Covered

12. Sonmewssig Ag...y Home aid AddressU.S. Department of Transportation Technical NoteFederal Aviation AdministrationTechnical Center 14. Sronseoes Agency CodeAtlantic City International Airport, NJ 08405

IS. Notesi.p 4.0

16. Absuieet

This report contains the results of the Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E)Integration and OT&E Operational Testing of the Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS)Low Density Radio Communications Link's (LDRCL) 1.8-gigahertz (GHz) digital radiosystem. The OT&E testing was accomplished by first testing the LDRCL equipmentagainst its equipment specification (FAA-E-2853), and then performing OT&E testingat the key site (Miami, Florida). These tests proved that the 1.8 GHz LDRCL equipmentcan fulfill its mission in the National Airspace System (NAS) and thatit is suitable and effective.

Based on the test results, it is concluded that the 1.8 GHz LDRCL equipment isqualified for operational deployment.

17. K.eywords W6 Distrbutaio Stuatemn

Low Density Radio Communications Link Document is on file at the Technical(LDRCL) Center Library, Atlantic City

l.8-GHz Digital Radio System International Airport, NJ 08405

19. 5..m.,sy Ciless4. (of thee mosirt) 3D. Securel Closer#. (of this to") [21. Me. of Fee*@n 22. P,,,6

Unclassified I Un1hacasfiegr 21

F... DOT F 1700.7 (6-72) *gptmedwtion o ci ompeoiid peg* oudiotiaomd

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Accesion For Page

NTIS C RA&IEXECUTIVE SUMMARY NTIS CR;&I vDTIC TAB

1. INTRODUCTION Uý InoI:iced ] IJu c, i _ .n...............

1.1 Background 11.2 Purpose By 11 . u po eB ...... .................................. .. .

1.3 Participants Di-t'b: to 11.4 Reference Documents 1

Availa iity Codes

2. TEST APPROACH AND CONCEPT Avail and) orDist Special

3. TESTS AT FAA TECHNICAL CENTER 1 4

4. OT&E INTEGRATION TESTS AT KEY SITE & I44.1 System Level Requirements Verification Tests 44.2 Subsystem Level Requirements Verification Test 5

5. TEST RESULTS 6

5.1 Test Results at Technical Center 65.2 OT&E Integration Test Results 6

6. CONCLUSIONS 6

6.1 Test at Technical Center Conclusions 66.2 Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E) Integration 6

Test Conclusions

7. RECOMMENDATIONS 9

8. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 10

APPENDIXES

A - FAA-E-2853A, Test Verification Requirements TraceabilityMatrix (TVRTM)

B - Operational User's Requirements, Test Verification Requirements

Traceability Matrix (TVRTM)

C - System Level/Integration Test Matrix

D - Recommended Battery Charger Sizes

iii

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page

1 LDRCL 1.8-GHz Digital Radio System Test Configuration 3

2 Subsystem to Subsystem Block Diagram 5

3 Subsystem Block Level Diagram 5

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 1.8-GHz Digital Radio System Equipment 4

iv

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This test report describes the results of the Operational Test and Evaluation(OT&E) Integration and OT&E Operational testing performed on the Low Density RadioCouiunications Link (LDRCL) 1.8-gigahertz (GHz) digital radio system installed atthe Miami, Florida, Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). The OT&E effort wasconducted by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Technical Center personnel.

The LDRCL is comprised of nondevelopment items (NDI) from the manufacturers listedbelow and integrated into the LDRCL system by Alcatel Communications and GovernmentSystems of Richardson, Texas.

1= Manufactur

MDR-5302/5202 Radio AlcatelDigital Channel Bank WescomBattery/Charger Power Conversion Products (PCP)Remote Alarm Westronic

The test system consisted of two LDRCL terminals at Miami ARTCC and Krome RadarInternational Flight Service Station (IFSS) International Flight ServiceTransmitter (IFST) Tower, and two LDRCL repeaters at Miami Air Traffic ControlTower (ATCT) and Tamiami Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS).

All OT&E testing was completed satisfactorily with two noncritical exceptions; theremote control function of the Low Voltage Battery Disconnect (LVBD), and the modemto 4-wire E&M (Ear and Mouth) extended range (E/R) card speed problem. Bothproblems are described in section 5., Conclusion, of this report.

ACW-400A recommends the deployment of the 1.8-GHz digital radio system since thetwo noncritical exceptions mentioned above, coupled with the recommendations inthis report, do not affect the operational performance of the system.

v

1. INTRODUCTION.

This report describes the results of the Low Density Radio Communications Link(LDRCL) Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E) Integration and OT&E Operationaltesting. The tests were performed in Miami, Florida, during the period ofJanuary 21 through January 29 and July 12 through July 20, 1993.

1.1 BACKGROUND.

The LDRCL procurement (Specification FAA-E-2853) will provide equipment to replaceand upgrade existing links, leased systems, and new requirements for data communi-cations for various NAS plan projects implemented in 1990 and beyond. Some of thecurrent links that will be replaced are the short haul user access links and leasedlines remoting circuits which currently provide connections between operationalfacilities such as Air Traffic Control Towers (ATCT), Terminal Radar ApproachControl (TRACON), and remote sites such as Remote Communications Air-to-GroundFacility (RCAG), Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR), Airport Surveillance Radar(ASR), etc.

The purpose of this report is to describe the OT&E Integration and OT&E Operationaltesting performed on the 1.8-gigahertz (GHz) digital radio system and ACW-400A'sreasons for recommending deployment of the 1.8-GHz digital ratio system at thistime.

1.3 PARTICIPANTS.

Wayne Bell FAA Technical Center (APMT)Michael R. Melillo FAA Technical Center (Lead LDRCL

project engineer) ACW-400ATuan Tran FAA Technical Center, ACW-400ASon Tran Program Office, ANC-160Fritz Chey Martin Marietta

1.4 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS.

FAA Specifications

FAA-G-2100E Electronic Equipment, General Requirements

FAA-E-2853 Low Density Radio Communications LinkSpecification

1 _ • • = m m m m m m ia m m

EAA Standards

FAA-STD-024A Preparation of Test and Evaluation Documentation

FAA-STD-028 NAS Training Guidelines

FAA-STD-013/016/018 Quality Control Program Requirements

FAA-STD-021 Configuration Management

FAA-STD-020A Transient Protection, Grounding, Bonding andShielding Requirements for Equipment

1810.4B FAA NAS Test and Evaluation Program

OAP 8200.1 U.S. Standard Flight Inspection Manual

6000.3 Maintenance of FAA Communications System

NAS Documents

NAS-SS-1000 Vol. I NAS System Specification, Functional andPerformance Requirements for the NationalAirspace System, General

NAS-SS-1000 Vol. III NAS System Specification, (Ground to AirElement)

NAS-SS-1000 Vol. I National Airspace System, System RequirementsSpecification

NAS-MD-l10 NAS Test Terms and Definitions

NAS-IR-44010001 Digital Interface Requirements

NAS-IR-44010002 Analog Interface Requirements

Other Documents

ISO-7498 Open Systems Interconnection Standards(Information Processing System)

EIA RS-195 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristicsof Microwave Relay System Antennas andPassive Reflectors

PUB 62411 Accunet T1.5 Service Description andInterface Specifications

Bell Labs American Digital Hierarchy

2

International Radio Radio-Frequency Channel Arrangements forConsultative Committee: Radio Relay SystemsCCIR REC 283-4CCIR REC 275-3 Pre-Emphasis Characteristics for Frequency

Modulation Radio-Relay Systems forTelephony using FM Multiplexing

2. TEST APPROACH AND CONCEPT.

The test approach and concept was to evaluate the LDRCL equipment against the LDRCLSpecification FAA-E-2853, and the NAS-SS-1O00 Operational User's Requirementscontained in the Master Test Plan and the OT&E Integration and OT&E OperationalTest Plan.

The LDRCL system used for the OT&E Integration and OT&E Operational tests wascomprised of terminal equipment at Miami Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)and Krome Radar International Flight Service Transmitter (IFST) Tower, andrepeaters at Miami Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) and Tamiami Automated FlightService Station (AFSS). A block diagram of the test configuration is provided infigure 1 and a list of the terminal and repeater equipment in table 1.

Miami Miami Tamiami KromeARTCC ATCT AFSS IFST Radar

Terminal Repeater 4 Repeater -- Terminal

FIGURE 1. LDRCL 1.8-GHz DIGITAL RADIO SYSTEM TEST CONFIGURATION

3

TABLE 1. 1.8-GHz DIGITAL RADIO SYSTEM EQUIPMENT

Equipment Terminal 1 Repeater 1 Repeater 2 Terminal 2

MDR-5302 Digital Radio (1 watt) Qty 1 Qty 2 Qty 2 Qty 1

MDR-5202 Digital Radio (1 watt) Qty 1 Qty 2 Qty 2 Qty 1

DS1 Crossconnect Qty 1 Qty 2 Qty 2 Qty 1

Wescom Channel Bank (Redundant) Qty 3 Qty 2 Qty 2 Qty 1

Westronic Alarm System Qty 1 Qty 1 Qty 1 Qty 1

202T modem for above Qty 1 N/A N/A N/A

48 channel jackfields Qty 2 Qty 2 Qty 2 Qty 2

Stand Alone Fault Monitor Qty I N/A N/A N/A

Modem for above Qty 1 N/A N/A N/A

Battery Charger System Qty 1 Qty 1 Qty 1 Qty I

4 Wire E&M VF cards Qty 35 Qty 27 Qty 31 Qty 5

4 wire E&M E/R cards Qty 2 Qty 0 Qty 0 Qty 2

3. TESTS AT FAA TECHNICAL CENTER.

Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT) and Site Acceptance Tests (SAT) performed by thecontractor and witnessed by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Technical Centerpersonnel served to validate LDRCL specification requirements, since the 1.8-GHzdigital system was not available at the FAA Technical Center.

4. OT&E INTEGRATION TESTS AT KEY SITE.

4.1 SYSTEM LEVEL REQUIREMENTS VERIFICATION TESTS.

The key site system level requirements (i.e., integration tests) were conductedin Miami, Florida. These tests were run to evaluate that the LDRCL equipmentcan suitably and effectively interface with other National Airspace System (NAS)subsystems. Figure 2 is a typical subsystem to subsystem block diagram of thetest configuration used.

4

Fireberd Modem VF CHANNEL DSI RADIORS-232 BANK

VF DSI

RY RF

RADIO DSI CHANNEL VY-- p-BANK -s 23 dB

DSI VF Pad

FIGURE 2. SUBSYSTEM TO SUBSYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

4.2 SUBSYSTEM LEVEL REOUIREMENTS VERIFICATION TEST.

The subsystem level verification requirements were conducted in Longview, Texasand Miami, Florida. These tests were run to evaluate that the LDRCL equipmentsatisfied the requirements of the LDRCL specification FAA-E-2853. Figure 3 isa typical subsystem block level diagram.

Test Set Radio Radio Test SetSystem System

FIGURE 3. SUBSYSTEM BLOCK LEVEL DIAGRAM

5

5. TEST RESULTS.

5.1 TEST RESULTS AT TECHNICAL CENTER.

Since no equipment was available at the FAA Technical Center, as mentioned insection 3., FAT and SAT tests conducted by the contractor and witnessed by FAATechnical Center personnel served to satisfy the testing of specificationrequirements.

5.2 OT&E INTEGRATION TEST RESULTS.

Sixty-four subsystem level test requirements are specified for the LDRCL 1.8-GHzdigital radio system (appendix A). Forty-five passed, 11 failed, and 8 could notbe completely verified. (See the notes associated with the TVRTM.) Those teststhat did fail, failed because the equipment selected was nondevelopment items (NDI)equipment which did not entirely meet the LDRCL specifications. The failed testswere considered as noncritical to the actual performance of the radio system and donot effect the operational performance of the radio system.

Those requirements that could not be verified because of equipment availabilitywill be tested by the FAA Technical Center prior to their use in the field. Anyproblems encountered during this testing will be corrected by Alcatel before thisequipment is recommended for deployment.

There were 11 Operational User's Requirements Tests (appendix B) performed on the1.8-GHz digital radio system. Three requirements were successfully verified, fourtests need to be verified at the FAA Technical Center, and four tests will beverified during OT&E Shakedown tests.

There were 10 system level tests (appendix C) performed in Miami on the LDRCL1.8-GHz digital radio system. Out of the 10 tests only 1 test did not passcompletely.

6. CONCLUSIONS.

6.1 TEST AT TECHNICAL CENTER CONCLUSIONS.

Since there were no tests performed at the FAA Technical Center, there are no realconclusions to report. All subsystem conclusions will follow in section 6.2, OT&EIntegration Test Conclusions.

6.2 OPERATIONAL TEST AND EVALUATION (OT&E) INTEGRATION TEST CONCLUSIONS.

Based upon the test results obtained, the conclusion for the requirements thatfailed are as follows:

a. Specification Paragraph 3.2.1 General. All performance requirementsspecified shall be met when the equipment is assembled into a system in theconfiguration that will be installed for field operation.

6

This requirament was not met. This nondevelopment items (NDI) equipment doesnot completely nwt all the requirements specified. This is still satisfactory asthe equipment will accomplish its mission in the National Airspace System (NAS).

b. Specification Paragraph 3.2.3 Eauivment Configuration. The thresholdlevel for switching operation shall be adjustable and normally set to operate at abit error rate (BER) of lOE-06.

The equipment does not have an adjustable threshold level, but switches on thefirst uncorrected bit error. This is at an approximate BER of lOE-06 which issatisfactory.

c. Specification Paragraph 3.2.4 Radio Freguencv Coupler. A radio frequency(RF) coupler shall be provided that will present a minimum of 30 decibel (dB) offorward attenuation to the RF signal for testing purposes.

This equipment has a coupler built into the transmitter power amplifier. Thiscoupler is not a precision coupler and sometimes has less than 30 dB of attenua-tion. This is satisfactory as the coupler is approximately 30 dB and is only usedfor monitoring purposes. It also does not affect the operational performance of theradio.

d. Specification 3.2.8 Receiver/Combiner Switch, The combiner/switch shallnot cause interruptions or transients which may degrade the signal. Level changesdue to automatic combiner/switch action shall not cause loss of digital data.

The radio was not designed with hitless switching, therefore during a receiveror transmitter switch the radio will experience a loss of data. If the pathanalysis is done correctly, this should happen less than 56 minutes per year. Thisis satisfactory.

e. Specification Paragraph 3.2.9.2 Monitor and Test Capability. Built-indiagnostics shall be incorporated with the digital multiplexing system to includeindividual DS-I loopback testing and BER monitoring.

The radio system does not have BER monitoring. This equipment is NDI equip-ment and was not designed with this function. Since this does not affect theoperational performance of the system, it is therefore acceptable.

f. Specification Paragraph 3.6.2.1 Alarm Interfaces With RCL System (TABS).For those Low Density Radio Communications Link (LDRCL) systems which willinterface with the existing Radio Communications Link (RCL) Automated NetworkMonitoring System (ANMS), the contractor shall provide a rack mounted pin or punchblock which contains the ACORN interface connectivity point. All blocks will besuitably labeled.

Terminal block was not suitably labeled. The terminal block should besuitably labeled to help the technicians repair the equipment quickly and easily.

g. Specification Paragraph 3.7.1 Reliability, The mean time betweenmaintenance actions (MTBMA) shall not be less than 10,000 hours.

7

The mean time between actions calculates out to 5,126 hours, not the 10,000hours required. Being that this is a fully redundant system, this will not affectthe operational performance of the system. It does, however, drive up the lifecycle cost of the system as now twice as many spare parts will be necessary.

h. Specification Paragraph 3.8.1.1 Battery Protection. A Low Voltage LoadDisconnect (LVLD) unit shall be provided that is capable of removing the batteriesfrom the load when a predetermined cell voltage limit has been reached thuspreventing damage to the battery bank due to excessive cellular discharge (normally1.75 volts per cell). The LVL.D shall also be equipped for remote control operationthat permits control via the LDRCL alarm monitoring and control subsystem. Afeature shall be incorporated that allows local and remote override of the switchfunction. Reset of the switch shall be automatic when the battery complimentrecharges to normal operational voltage.

The LVLD has been renamed as a Low Voltage Battery Disconnect (LVBD). Theremote control function of the LVBD does not work. This does not affect theoperational performance of the radio system, but since it is a specifirationrequirement it should be fixed. Further testing will be required.

The automatic reset of switch after the batteries are charged to normal operatingvoltages is not incorporated. Switch resets once alternating current (A/C) poweris restored to power supplies. This is satisfactory as most NDI radio systems aredesigned this way.

i. Specificatior Paragraph 3.8.3 Space Diversity. The digital spacediversity receiver shall be switched on BER.

The radio system switches on the first uncorrected bit error not the BER.This is acceptable as the switch point is approximately 10E-06.

J. Specification Paragraph 4.3 System Tests. The contractor shall conducton the first system of each type ordered, factory system end-to-end performanceacceptance tests; i.e., the tests required to demonstrate to the Government thatthe system meets the requirements as specified. The tests shall demonstrate thatall equipment is operating within the normal operating tolerances as stated in theequipment documentation.

The equipment does not meet all the requirements as specified because it isNDI equipment. All the specification requirements that are not met will not affectthe operational performance of the system.

This equipment does not operate within the normal operating tolerances asstated in the equipment documentation. This happens in the case of the baLterychargers. The way Alcatel has engineered the system, the battery chargers do notload share properly. This produces a fault alarm which indicates a battery chargerhas failed when in reality it has not.

8

k. Specification Paragraph 4.4 Field System Tests. When site installationof a microwave system is ordered by the Government, the contractor shall conductfield system end-to-end performance acceptance tests, i.e., the tests required todemonstrate to the Government that the system is installed and operating inaccordance with the requirements as specified. The tests shall demonstrate thatall equipment is operating within the normal operating tolerances as stated in theequipment documentation.

The equipment does not meet all the requirements as specified because it isNDI equipment. All the specification requirements that are not met will not affectthe operational performance of the system.

This equipment does not operate within the normal operating tolerances asstated in the equipment documentation. This happens in the case of the batterychargers. The way Alcatel has engineered the system, the battery chargers do notload share properly. This produces a fault alarm which indicates a battery chargerhas failed when in reality it has not.

1. Modem to LDRCL interface test. The LDRCL system should be capable ofinterfacing with a modem operating at speeds of up to 19.2 kilobytes per second(Kbps).

When the Codex 3600 was operating at 19.2 Kbps, and connected to an ExtendedRange 4 wire Ear and Mouth (E&M) voice frequency card, an unacceptable amount oferrors were produced over the link. When the rate was dropped to 9.6 Kbps, theerrors were reduced to an acceptable amount.

7. RECOMMENDATIONS.

Based on all test results, it is recommended that the 1.8-gigahertz (GHz) LowDensity Radio Communications Link (LDRCL) digital radio system be deployed underthe following criteria:

a. Equipment contained on the LDRCL contract that has not been tested (seenotes in appendix A) may not be deployed until successful Operational Test andEvaluation (OT&E) Integration and OT&E Operational testing, and Shakedown testinghave been performed.

b. The 4-wire Ear and Mouth (E&M) extended range (E/R) card should only beused at speeds of up to 9600 bits per second (bps) until further testing at theFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) Technical Center indicates it can be used forrates up to 19.2 kilobytes per second (Kbps).

c. All systems should be deployed with Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)Filters.

d. A THD test be run at all sites during Site Acceptance Tests (SAT) toensure that the THD requirement is met.

e. The FAA use recommended battery charger sizes (appendix D) to orderbattery chargers for the different configurations.

9

f. The remote control Low Voltage Battery Disconnect (LVBD) be added to thesystem within a 3-month period of the first deployed system. All deployed systemsat that time be updated with the new circuit.

g. As per previous agreements, Radio Frequency Interface (RFI) testing willbe performed at the FAA Technical Center after the deployment recommendation. Anyproblems that are deemed critical as a result of this testing will result in thesuspension of the deployment recommendation until the problems are resolved.

8. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.

A/C alternating currentAFSS Automated Flight Service StationANMS Automated Network Monitoring SystemARSR Air Route Surveillance RadarARTCC Air Route Traffic Control CenterASR Airport Surveillance RadarATCT Air Traffic Control TowerBER bit error ratebps bits per secondCOTS Commercial Off-the-ShelfdB decibelE&M Ear and MouthEMI Electromagnetic InterferenceE/R Extended RangeFAA Federal Aviation AdministrationFAT Factory Acceptance TestsGHz gigahertzIFSS International Flight Service StationIFST International Flight Service TransmitterKbps Kilobytes per secondLDRCL Low Density Radio Communications LinkLVBD Low Voltage Battery DisconnectLVLD Low Voltage Load DisconnectMTBMA mean time between maintenance actionsNAS National Airspace SystemNDI nondevelopment itemsOT&E Operational Test and EvaluationPCP Power Conversion ProductRCAG Remote Communications Air-to-GroundRCL Radio Communications LinkRF Radio FrequencyRFI Radio Frequency InterferenceSAT Site Acceptance TestsTHD Total Harmonic DistortionTRACON Terminal Radar Approach ControlTVRTM Test Verification Requirements Matrix

10

APPENDIX A

FAA-E- 2853ATEST VERIFICATION REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX (TVRTM)

0

"r4

.9.40. "4 "4

6.4r44

FA4 > X X X x X . . . 14.4 "4 4

9- 0 "4

44 0 a U .4W 0 > 4 "

4J

* 0 4

"4- 4' "4 41 4' .' i 4'* 5*4 41 '

*" r44

0- .W4 ) U 44o 0"1 4J"

41 414 ho 0 .Uv- E-4 10 N ' 4 U. '. 0 N 0-

4)~ 41 .0 rcn 4 6 0 -"E4 >-

0 "41 g" "4 * 01 $ l 1 1 F a 4 $ 4$ %4

""4~ jr4 4 4 4d 4) M. 04 04) '. 4 '.4 4 u. "4r4

V 40 0 " cg [- .4104 F-4 9T4 N.) i 41 0 1

0. 0 0j0

U~~4 z 1 UCV C" 01 U 6.4 Z a

P4 0* en4 n "4 0% I4 " w*1 44 0 41 A4

i .4 .4 4 i ý4 i -0 .0 s."go 04 Li W

"4 aO z aUw1.4o~~$ "4 1- 1 9 1* 0 I .0~ S>

A-10

.0a

P44

0. 41

]041i N0 4 u .1~4- - 0 -AU'.

044 z 3 13 04 04 o04 t3, U

4141 ba' 0 0

El 0 El '4

0. A U

* ~ z z z 0 44

*~" 13 .

""4 6.

ca - W4 0o4 41~ w.

0 w

a1 41 I04 414go Ai I j 4Jg

0b *El -A 6*

41 41 414,4 0

14 0 a 13.9 A41 0 4-4' 14

.r a '4 .- i VA ..4 0 0.41 31 0.a 0 U ~bo ,4 I 3"ao so a o y U0 El VA

6 4 0 41 41 0 $4 >l cn014ad 41 4) E :1 $40 l 1

u r. 0 0) r- l4 '.4 :I '.4 .6 .I1 4)6 ~ 4

0 9) 44 u 04 -. .. ýA bOin 4 0 0 .0 0 to 4641 " 14~~

r.~ 0 l 0 V U- '. )41 a co 0 U V 0.4W"a' a' "4 u 41 ~4-ý 4 Q.0 u 0 rp. P41 41 l * 91 91 O1 r.w 41 IWrl'4 ~ N al 1 3 44 to "*4 0 N::w14E 2 41

1414 *'4 W* to 4, 6 4-A4 1 41 wk 0 0 0 "4 f- C-4 $

El U a' *wco "4 W4... 4 .,. El :3 40 *14 9* El0 r40 a' ao a0 cd 14 t* .100 w0 04 w4$416 0 -CI.4 41 0gnP ok Wz0. 10 0 wo r64 0 0 Elk-4 J414 >~

----- ----- ----- 0 adu 0.kO *4

41 41 0 w2 0 u)

0 U w-4 rE4 Iw 01Z a4 0 441~.-

0 U Z2~I $4r.a"0 .4 ".4~ El l lAC l)a- N41 ~44 0 L: 0.bO U4CaW,-4

C4 - C 4) Go 4- w ad f~ >4% 0.

A-2

'-4

.0

".4

1 0z 4; "

0 4W r'- r4 .

2 01 z.U- ~ '4 N.0

""4 "4

00

14 -- - -U 1

0 0 '.4

0. 2

"14 r- 1-4 in I0- .- - -4-

"4~U- ~ p

0~~~ - --

0 0

U U 0 .4 . L 0'.4 r'~ 4 14 11 " - - 4 1) "0

m4 44 14 44u 410 2 4) h

0~ U4u 44rg >4, *A '0 -,

""4 $4 V- 4 0 0 0)4 l410. 0- ) i 4r 4 a 0 " 0 U) 0 U J 0 0 0'.4 0. a 4 0 0~ "4' " - P xu"14 41 0 ho 0 0.4 44V 4 ON4"U4 0 ho U4 '4 r044*r 0.o '4. PC r.C . U: 4 p 0:

'.4 0 04 0 04 CU0 w044Q w od u 0 4 w .6 4 d) v0 SU 0- w. ru 4~ 4 4 0 44 4J

U~~~. u-4 0 m3 4 UU ~ U.4 -.

0 0~ U 04 .0-

* 0 0 '.4 1 u-to 00 *S'-4 0 0' r.* ~ 0 0 4-I - C14 0o 00Z a 0o U '4)

a4 r4 0~4 04 "4. '. rn 004~ 0w. 1 0 0 U. P4 C4-I 4 44 0. be~ *1 ~ U

b .'. P4 '.44 04 V.4 r4 9- to. "4 10 . r ' 4 J

to~~ u w 9 U 0

to 44~ 04 ZAdr. 0U 9

En 14 N4 14 '.4 144 144C m

A-3

6"4

"44- - -- - - - - - - 0 "0.

N2 24 "W4k*~~ ~~ ~~~~ 41 ad A d A d A A d A d.UUL 2 U

r raI U

14~~~~r 6E . N . U.rd4 .44

* 0

0..2

*4 z -* i 1

60 a 0

FA 4)0 1

u~ "4 _4 _1 "44 144.1 0 *4 c A 0 "

U 41 :3u> r 6 4 -14- A ii4 r- - 4 14 4 SA. 1P4 4

Aj $4 14 .14 u 414 4

41 ij 84 $d U' nr 44~ so ;.14 "4 4)I "4a

5.4 a > >Si6N1 .14 14)-A 0oiV 04 " 4 0

0 92 A O4U-

0 V U P-

I~e 4.~A4 4.4 14SO~~~ ~ 0* IA ' -. " 4 1W

W4 ý4 *a~ S ' Z41en en ~ fn tn4 4 9 4

100"4"

A-4

"ý4

P -4 1 r 4 r r 4 O

'-44

0 -4

"4 4)

"A -4

0 - "4

0 r-4"* 0 0as

0%, a4 zP 0P- P - P ~ z t

41 0~* 414

-4-"4 .- 4tow :3

0"4 1

to r 0a""4 w 0) cO0 40

0J *"4 4 1 4 1 ~ ' ' 4 1 14 4'2

V44 00 - i 00"" 4 00 23 .

w fA 0 4) g l4 6r4ý0 "4 U r- 410 0 41 144

IQ 1 " 0 o 4) " 4) ;Nv41.4 3.' "4r4

0d I d 04, 1 44

01 r4 u 4 4 N " 104 100 - ý4 0 0 r. 41 4 $ ma - 0 ~"4 10 V. U 03...4u)4 . "!10 . . 1 r r. "4r4r.* "4 0w. "4> )1 4 4 r

"4 w 1r4 14 >S 1

:1 0 0 $4 02 "4"4 41 s-. a-. * , P4 *4J O'-CL I4 c 0 a r "4 4) 0 :1 0 0 . 0

v r 014U 0 -4 I0 .9 4)4Jr Z0~~~ 04 r4~~ M. "44 ) ..

4)~ ~~~~~ "4 0ý 3.a 4 ', " )0 0 0U ~ 0 r4

4' "4 SI ci 4) g04:4) 44* z 410 0 "4 0"4 U A'

~~~~~0 0 r-4 M44 0 4 ~ " ~ 1 E~

-4 1.4 "4 0- 00 0

0~ $4- 0M "4 0 4 4 4 -0. 0 0 ,J "4-4 4) I) 4) 4)14 0 0"

0~ 4) 0~ 4

0~- "4 "4 "

34 . 4) 4.40.A-5

r4

.54

0.

'AOr"44 Fad A44 Ad 5-4 04 el - 49

- 2 0 "4

*~ E-441.

E-444J

S .4

0 40

.0 "0 0 l

411

*54 fa 0 In>2

04 we v lu4.

-A Q IV . *4 10"" 4 v v 1.4 f ow

0 1 V-4l to

0 14o. o ' r.4 00 is 1.44

al4 44 -4$ V1 P ..4. -4 -4 r4 -A T-4

.40 91 10~~5.U~~~. 1000 .~94-4

3 1 0 0 0 V4 0. 3-0

0 J .5 3 .' 1- o ~ 0 *0 1041 41J4 126.Cgo 0 ul 41 -4 41 .iv

0 ~ ~~~ z ~0 v . 0 0 J.500.5.54 2ý bPO "54 1.4 14 0

C- Z .5 1 404 14 "4U*h col - 4J M %0 C4. 44 4 - 4 0 1.4

0 U .54 04 In "4 4J 4) O14J.54 0 14 14 0n 0 14 29 0 "4 4 ~ ~ 0

0 0. 0 .0 0 1 0 .> 04 Ln %D 0041-I 0

_____v- or 0~ 4 r4

A-6U4-JJ

0

z 0 H c4.0

0 >,

4140.

00

"4 ~ ~ P E-4 I ~ 0

00

"* 04 '4 441 z

444-

"4 >0 0

- 1-0

o4 4-i41 3t1 "u 44

0 41 41 "I

C1. r4 E-4 0 4:'.V "04 r

41.

0 m

.V00 au

41 41ico 0

0 U. z .

" ".4 " '4 0

Id U 4.w ".4- j 0~.

44 > 4Id 3-4 04)

0-

APPENDIX B

OPERATIONAL USER'S REQUIREMENTSTEST VERIFICATION REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX (TVRTM)

* .410

0 4)

0 040 33

r44)- 0.0

41 0 9 4 00)

0 ) a 4 )9

w ul ** z CL$4 $__o_ I 00 0.

0 0 3i 45-Z 5-4 u )

S-4 >__ 40

0 ~ ~ 4) '

0 004 ~0Fr-4 5- 54

5- o >3 r -4 E- 4 0

I3 4%~ *'41___ __0 __ __ 2 4)

-, 0"-1 0Z 14 0

0o 4 4 0 4) 05c:06- w- 4) 4.40

* 0 04 0 vE "4 54J. 013-4

W.4 0 I -4) > w4 I41 00

0 41 -1. 341 o u04 0 C-40 I 4

&,r4 00 0 w44 0

0 4) 4)u13W" r 44)00

00 $0 4.41 )00 d 0' w 41 01 "4 r4 0)"-4 b 0 0 00u4 4 kvWC 4 AJ

'db -0 r0 41) I0:COWUE 0 41 0

4)1 ~4. "4) 00$40 in. ."140If u 00o 0014. .0 4 4

0 0 4) 0 co 41 J4 4 E-.W 0 004 0"-I 0 4) r4~1 0cC N > o410 3 4)0 4) 40 oo CO: ua.0 :1 14149 9

% 0 0004) r4.41 ý'0 4)) 0 i00

ro "00-4 00 0 A0 4) U'.4 0.0'00 r. 4)fl .r4 4) I) 14 Is00-00 O3 2

0 : 4bO 0 )T 0w4 "4y ",.4I 1w 0 .44)0 40. .) 0 414 ,-4 114 44~ tl3. :1164 w0, 4 C 0 3 0 4 4).4 *'J ..-I0)ý 4) 0 U D'

0 4) 4lJ~ Ed4 40.0 u ) 4 4

0) 4 4)0 .4 ~ 4) 9:. Ai1 w 4) .t vi 3 0 90 004)-4 .0 0d0 90 1:6 9:-i tj 0034r)A03%C c

t '~10 $4 CO (A C-4J "4 C 4)'ce Ci -4)0 0 0 CA4 u

41 4) V 0'W 1 ~ 00I0 1r.9 14 v4 Z -4 0 0 .6v I4 d 00 u 4) "3" "0 z 01 - E" 4 4

0~9 cc040 u.4 m.0~ .,4))

440 0CSr 44~ 41 0 0 0 = -4 " Cc

04) A c0~ 0 u 4)4) 4 4) 40 0. 0 543)0 0 0 0

i-4 4,

B-1

0

0 .0

z z4' -~ 44

U0) 0

444.

00 - r4 s-4 41 ~

r-4

""- 0-'

"0- 0 41'

o4 0b 4:34 01 >

"4 4;

*1-4 s9d

414 00) n

-A' bUk. 0

01w4 -0 u'4) 04 4 )4 .0 41 co

sd 6 d 4' 41jA 0 004' ,-4 000I. 14 .4o

CL4: A X. 10 y4) S0 14. f-. 44.0) 4

1.1 o d . o coo r. u )

(v4 0 4) a mU 4 4 U .M) cd 414.o ý40 0o m 00154'4 u 4C

0 0~ ci 4) . C..0 1-4 0 0 4o) 41a 4) m CU) 124 ~ 4-4 0a.4U4) . e 44J XI W 44g 1 r 444. "4 -0-4

"-'4 p4) SL V. .,. x -A 0 4) 4) : Ic lCk4 C 4)L) 1.0 c) c .41'-w-'-4 " X0f4& 410 00 4-'$4 ) CO .0 A'.)-A4G) 41 4'4'U 4) Wk 0

U344 44t 9XX C 0 CLp0 4) 4) 446Q 41 4 41 0 41 w 40 ismICul F

U0UV. ad 4 0 *0 CL "q4) cd04 41 0 4'

ý6) ~ ~ 4 41' r- 1to4 , 0 4 4.4 C--Aoto c 41JU mci) 1

o 4)0 ~41 w k4 0r-44 4 * .4 0 d a"U".0 .0 ~~)4 '44 bOr-iO 4) d 44.-IbO m 0 U -.

4) ".4 od 02 *-A4*4 C 4 '4U) "44' "404 054 k4 4) ccp r.- m V 44 ~4)

":3 0 V40 >4)w .44- OX- >0~i ci4' 0 1 U u ul~~000- a)k cd1-4) 0.4 4'

0 )

B-2

6

. 06z hI

ON4 61E4 44

u 4.1__ _ __ _ __ _ _ 0 V

-L Z

@2) 46).

r4 '0 4. 1 441

z crI .00 4Id 09 6

0 0.. - - 40'".14 Zr u 214.1 00 .4

_ _ _ _ _ _ E.-4 4u 1 61"414 41 4

"0. z r . 0'$4 1 0 64 9

0-4

04 41 641

4. ad 4) @20 6r4 .06 u- 0414 6)r

Cd6 w 4. o 09 .9 -0.. 0 '6: 44r066 1 )

92 4 0 24.1 4) -

.C .44 l W@2 419 AX 4w4106 14 4 d00a4 En"- 1 .46 46

444 ) :C 4 U Cd FA u6 34)4. 4.1"4054" U C "4 "4 >%4 $4.6

£4.4 :3 1 4- 4 0 u 1 a$14 664 C

4) 4J0 "0 ~ - .14 ".

414 u- m 44 10 6 r4.10Wua.6 4) " ) 4 -4 J$-4 0 6 :1C 4"

0 r.0. w-46E6 f-.0 $ )4 0 u0J @

0.. 0. uW 41i Cod 6)- 4.1 66)L -4 .1 r4. 0 w H 4 a41 4)

6c w r Cd 6 : @2.1 X - 04)4).4) w t 0 0 1 .0 u 26) 4 41 @2 .4-4 0 E.0

4.10)4.6 4. W. o) 44 ~41 Cf.Z6b~r.4b 4 ~r* -A 4.~ 0@

,44J0 uW@2- @26 u 4C 4 "0 66 4.$4 5 1 4) 144 w1 0~ 6) .-. 4 w 41

> ~0 M 0to .-I C 0. 1 "4W a 1 u1 w.J w 6 64) C E44 > CLI - 4

01 "4W@1 @24)~o * ~ 4

0. .14~ U6.14 0~ W41

> Z.~- 04 LM %.o4 4.1

W.'.-%.0 IbO-44J W 4J .1

APPENDIX C

SYSTEM LEVEL/INTEGRATION TEST MATRIX

0"-4

0U)0 f

00

04 4-

a 0 .0

41. 00

00 W u -

4)4 0,' 0

o 0w- .~ .g g~ .g .g .~ gg g~ .g .g - I-14i6

-0 - - - - - - - - - - _ 4z z Z

o0 0 -0 -ru

C.) r-4 r-4 1-~ 5- -4I'

E44 Q. -

"4 0 1-4 -'.E4-4 C-

4. 0

0 vO- 91 LM4 0E-4~ 0 w0

~4J i U $ .)r

4.))4 4 : 5 0 r4)

.4) 41 ij 1~

0 10

.r4 w 4 "4

41E- 02 0 4) "4b

0 $-a -44 V-4 0i 0 4. 1 O

4.) 01 E-0U ) 4. r ) $ 4 " o

"-I.dd)06)1 -ý4 44U0 f0 4-0- ý4 0 :3 - U 1

0 ' w r4 4) a 0 r) W .4 4. "0"O 14 0- E0 4- w 0' C,4 4

14.4 44. ".4 114. 4 ~ 414) 4J E .4 0 Wi 40 0% U

"W4 4-) u- 0: Wi 0 94 v as "4 0 44-"$ t.4 9: 04 cc 4 0 4.) " Z ý

l '.4 ' 4) 4) -4 0 0 -. ca 0- CL4 ~ .'4)-41 0l Ul "4- "4 10 .0' 1. C.

o1 c t-o 1.4 "4 "4 0 buo 1".4 M 5-4 4) '-D M Wi1

"E-4 04 > z 14 04 '0-. .. '-4 0d Iii 9L. 0 C0 4 )

"- "-4 .' 0 . ' 0

0) 0

c-1

APPENDIX D

RECOMMENDED BATTERY CHARGER SIZES

CL 4 0 N D ID %c %c CN N1 N- N1go P4 m~ m ~ en en rý- r- r%

Go0~ "Q( 4 "4 w-4 "4 N4 N4 N- N

A.4. .4 C

"4Ir 000.4 0

4l 41 41 0 % r0 -

r4 P4 "4 "4

1.401.

cn log Iwo0 ~~~U 0 eq 0Q C 4 0

"4~P 1114 ~ 1~~CA 0 0 CO 0 4

c 041 N Go NO No Go.. -.

-t 4E-0 U I"on 4 "4 "4 r-4 2

04 1 40 :,

"4 41 4) ~ . ~ .

ca ". 4.14 N .I .I I IIf "41.4 4en'~ 0 0A Go 0o 2 co z

1.40 1

" " 4

A.) 44-~j M"4 "4 "4 "4 %a l 2 G2

w* CI CY a a C C Y

D- 1

S

l'.4

r. X

0 0i

gad

oso"4V

14

"4 1

14 -

5..

55.4

4J ~ '(-%-4

-D-2

io -CvN -4 - 4- 4 C 4 cm

a 1A 4 14 4 C4 C4 14 C.4 14

$4 b'4, 34 1 w

q-4 04 4) 00 Od N N In n &M M NnLM W

0 0011 on *.4 -10 Iý r r-. 1% Pý- Ia' r.: ,%

"1r4 14 1.4 "4 r14 1-4 14 v.4

u10..1

121.w

'.4.

0 -11c 4 14 14 1.4 4 1.4 14 14

6 Q 4 A 4 a, 0% 0% C% a% 0% ON 0%ao &4Go04U 01 4 -4 r4 1-4 v-4 r4 ff r4

v-4 6 44 1 4 141)1 4 1r4 4~.) x x x

aN t4 -4 "4 "4 6 q.9.4 t.oEE 0 v u o w

NOp N) NQ N1 NH$4 cc E- m 4 -4 r4 v-4 q-4 r-4 v-4 r-4 9-4

14v-4 cU

4.1 *9).i4 LA LA LA inL Ln LM in4.1 01-U N N N N4 N4 Nq N4 N4c 4

IdI

E 44. M

x 0' 4.1 4.1 1.) 441 V. 4.1 41o Mk a go aY C' aY aY aY aY

D- 3

Si w .$ .. w 4 84 1.. Se

"41

r4 Id ~ 600 . . 0 0 .

"04~* a U &M U in In i I^ &M

UI*041*

*4 U'4 V 4b4Jt~ ~

"N 4 "4 - -

"*O.' "4 I4 a4 f4 .4 e - .

Go HO4~ en 1. VA z N N z z

a! 14

z, ;M z '% ;, z z z

00

o ~ N 41 41 41 4 41 41 41

r4 * "4 N N N D-4