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X-ray light sources for nanomaterialsresearch: a US-China perspective

J. Murray Gibson

Director, Advanced Photon SourceAssociate Laboratory Director, ANL for PhotonSciences

Presented at the China-US workshop October 17th 2009

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Synchrotron radiation an essential tool fornanoscience

~10,000 US light source users in the US alone > 60 operating synchrotron light sources user facilities world

wide Touches almost all scientific and engineering disciplines

FY08 users by discipline

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Synchrotrons are essential to energy scienceresearch

DOEs light sources representan extraordinary success story,enabling an enormous range ofscience across all disciplinesmentioned in this report.

Maintaining and upgrading ofthis resource base is clearlycritical to the broad success ofgrand challenge science

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Synchrotrons are developing around the world

4th generation sources offer revolutionary but complementary capabilities

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5

APS User Institutions are in Every US State and Around the WorldAPS User Institutions are in Every US State and Around the World

3537 unique users

in FY 2009

1185 peer reviewedpublications in FY2008

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Networking of light sources worldwide

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APS Collaborative support of other light sources (2008-09 only)

Review and Advisory Committees:

ALS, CAMD, CLS (Canada), Diamond (UK), DESY (Germany),Elettra (Italy), ESRF (France), LCLS, NSLS, NSLS-II, NSRRC(Taiwan), PF (Japan), PLS (Korea), Sesame (Jordan), SPring-8(Japan), SSRF (China), SSRL

Technical assistance (machine)

ALS, ANKA (Germany), Australian Light Source, DESY(Germany), Diamond (UK), Elettra (Italy), ESRF (France),

FERMI (Italy), LCLS, MAX-lab (Sweden), NSLS,NSLS-II, NSRRC(Taiwan), PF (Japan), PLS (Korea), Sesame (Jordan), SLS(Switzerland), SRS (UK), SSRF (China), SSRL

Accelerators (not light sources):

BINP (Russia), CESR, Cockcroft Institute (UK), GSI (Germany),HEPI (Armenia), ILC, INFN (Italy), ISIS (UK), FNAL, LHC

(Geneva), SNS,TJNAF Just as many examples of the reverse, i.e. support for APS from

others

New Shanghai Synchrotron Research Facility (SSRF) is a superb

3.5 generation machine: today we have six SSRF staffworkin at APS for six months

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Three-way meetings APS, ESRF and SPring-8

APS ESRF

Have met every 18 months since 1995 (next March 2010 in Japan)

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APS has grown steadily

We have 61 operating beamlines (end of FY2009)

User visits

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Strategic planning for the upgrade/renewal of APS

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Planned APS upgrade/renewal will revolutionizecapabilities

Machine upgrade focuses on high-energy x-rays (above 20keV) Higher current, longer, optimized insertion devices, improved

stability, ultrafast (~1ps) x-ray pulses

NO ADDITIONAL MACHINE INTERRUPTION DURINGCONSTRUCTION

New and upgraded beamlines addressing key science drivers

Enabling technical capabilities Detectors, optics, nanopositioning, data analysis software

Developing project milestoneswith DOE

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Mastering hierarchical structures through imaging

Imaging specific molecules and their interactions in space and time will beessential to understand how genomes create cells, how cells constituteorganisms and how errant cells cause disease. Molecular imaging must beextended and applied from nanometre to metre scales, Roger Tsien

Hierarchical structures are key to life,machines and complex nanostructuredmaterials

High-energy x-rays offer a unique tool toprobe all relevant length scales andunderstand their interconnection

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Real materials under real conditions in real timeCatalysis Batteries

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New beamlines with two-three orders magnitudeincreased performance

Materials under extreme conditions Imaging and coherence Ultrafast dynamics Interfaces in complex systems High-resolution spectroscopy

Proteins to organisms

A M j I iti ti

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Argonne Strategic Vision

Argonnes Major Initiatives Energy Storage Alternative Energy Nuclear Energy Materials & Molecular Design & Discovery National Security Hard X-ray Sciences Leadership Computing

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Conclusion

Light sources have a growing role in Nanostructured Materials

for Global Energy and Environmental Challenges Synchrotron radiation tools provide a natural opportunity for

China-US collaboration Development of new instruments and techniques, including

accelerator physics, advanced optics

NSF has played this role in the US

Programs for training, personnel exchange and

funding users at each others facilities

New and upgraded facilities are demandedworldwide

APS has plans for a major upgrade

Networking of light sources worldwide is

strong but very informal There are general and important issues thatlight sources must address to reduce barriersto growing the user community and scientificimpact

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