The Challenge of Hunger: ENSURING SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY UNDERLAND, WATER, AND ENERGY STRESSES

2012 GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX

2012-1.0

GHI measures three dimensions of hunger

• Undernourishment

• Child underweight

• Child mortality

GHI = (PUN + CUW + CM)/3GHI: Global Hunger Index

PUN: proportion of the population that is undernourished (in%)

CUW: prevalence of underweight in children under five (in%) CM: proportion of children dying before the age of five (in%)

Regional performance and progress

3 countries “extremely alarming” 17 “alarming”Country GHI Country GHI Country GHI

Burundi 37 Ethiopia 29 Zambia 23

Eritrea 34 Chad 28 Mozambique 23

Haiti 31 Timor-Leste 27 India 23

Central African Rep. 27 Madagascar 23

Comoros 26 Niger 22

Sierra Leone 25 Djibouti 22

Yemen 24 Sudan 22

Angola 24 Nepal 20

Bangladesh 24

No complete data available for Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bhutan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, Myanmar, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Somalia

Energy use, access to sanitation and food

Policies that threaten sustainable food security

Typology of land acquisitions according to 2012 GHI score and agricultural GDP

Poor people’s spending on food and energy (2007)

Policies that lead to sustainable food security

1Responsible governance of natural resources:

Getting the policy frameworks right

• Secure land and water rights

• Phase out subsidies

• Create a macroeconomic enabling environment

2Scaling up technical approaches:

Addressing the nexus

• Invest in agricultural production technologies that support increased land, water, and energy efficiency

• Foster approaches resulting in more efficient land, water, and energy use along the value chain

• Prevent resource depletion by monitoring and evaluating strategies in water, land, energy, and agricultural systems

3Addressing the drivers of natural resource scarcity:

Managing the risks

• Address demographic change, women’s access to education and reproductive health

• Raise incomes, lower inequality, and promote sustainable life-styles

• Mitigate and adapt to climate change through agriculture