Ghazal : The Origin

8/10/2019 Ghazal : The Origin

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GHAZAL

The word ghazal means rhymes while singing which is accompanied by musical instruments and the rhymes used has certain form.

Countries

Active inGhazal

Iran

Iraq

Malaysia

NorthernIndia

Pakistan

Turkey

Ghazal

variationsin Malaysia

Arab Ghazal

Middle East

Johor Ghazal

Northern India


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ArabGhazal

Directly fromMiddle East

Song lyric:Arabic

language

NativeMiddle

EastSongs

Mostly inKedah,Some inJohor

InstrumentsMost

important

Gambus

West Influence

Violin,Accordian,

Guitar, DoubleBass, Drum,

Flute, Bell, Celo,Maracas,

Tambourine

Beats Middle East

masri sara

zapinWest

rumba

samba

tango

Musicians andperformancesrequirements

Resembles thewest marching

band andorchestra

Musiciansdress in Arab

style

Musicians seatson chairs &

singer facing theaudience

Alternately beingadded withMiddle East

danceperformanceslike belly dance

in somecountries

especially duringromantic song

Theme

Praises upon

ProphetMuhammad

Islamic

Teachings


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Johor

Ghazal

ThroughNorthern

India

Songlyric:Urdu

language

Hindustan melodyFounded by Haji Musabin Yusoff or known as

Pak Lomak or MejarLomak

Instruments

Instruments in Northern India

The first instrumentsintroduced:

Harmonium

Tabla

Bell

Other instruments: Sitar, ghazal, gambus, biola

& etc.

Modification to suitsJohorean / Ghazal Melayu

Gambus Melayu

Small shape & made ofanimal skin on the bodyface

Tambourine replaces bell

Harmonium, Tabla, Guitar,Violin

Additional instruments:

Flute, mandolin, marakasmaruwas, rebana, tambor

Rhythm &Songs

Ghazal Asli

e.g Sri Mersing

Joget fromPortugis

Arab/Middle East

Inang/masri

Zapin

Hindustan/ Dangdut

e.g Penawar Rindu

Jawa

Theme

Thebeautiesin

nature

Socialissues


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1) Harmonium

a) An instrument that play melody or song.

b) Asliway of playing harmonium

the harmonium player plays the melody to accompany his/her singing or to accompany other singer.

c)

The way to play it is that, one hand is used to play the melody and the other to pump the air into the harmonium.

2)

Biola (Violin)

a) To be played along with harmonium but not many ornamentation.

b) Sometimes at interlude, in between rhymes, violin might be the only instrument to play melody.

c) String 1___________________________________D (the thinnest)

String 2___________________________________G

String 3___________________________________C

String 4___________________________________F (the thickest)

3) Gambus (Oud)

a) Instrument for melody which can also add some ornamentation as accompaniment

b)

To be used as solo instrument at beginning of the song or interlude

c) There are two kind of gambus used in Malaysia; gambus Melayu has small shape & made of animal skin on the body face

and original instrument from Middle East

d) Safety and Precaution (animal skin)(this also applied to tabla)

i) Keep in room temperature

ii) Avoid storing in moist condition


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e) All string is paired except the 6thstring which totals 11 strings.

f) String 1___________________________________Bb(the thinnest)

String 2___________________________________F

String 3___________________________________C

String 4___________________________________G

String 5___________________________________D

String 6___________________________________A (the thickest) (single string)

4) Guitar

a) This instrument is paired with gambus and has the similar function.

b)

Sometimes guitar are used to accompany songs and play chords.

c) String 1___________________________________D (the thinnest)

String 2___________________________________A

String 3___________________________________F

String 4___________________________________C

String 5___________________________________G

String 6___________________________________F (the thickest)


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5) Tabla

a) Originated from India. It is made as two parts.

Size\Country i) India ii) Indonesia iii) Malaysia

Small chalte dang dhin

Big daga dut Bam

There are few Ghazal group in Malaysia.

Seri PenambangMuar

Seri Maharani..Muar (founded in the 40s)

Seri PemudaMuar

Seri KenanganMuar

Seri Banang.Batu Pahat

The first song introduced by Mejar Lomak is Sri Mersing. Sri Mersing has two verses of rhymes. The singer of ghazal asli sings in

high pitch not relaxed pitch. In the song there are char, verse, chorus, and bridge.

Bridgeis played before the verses, after charand after chorus.

Charis usually played at the beginning and the ending of the song

Char is played in inang dangdut rhythm

Sometimes charis played in the middle of the song.

Tafsinis the melody played without tempo and rhythm.

Maracas controls tempo in Ghazal music arrangement.

Documents

Ghazal : The Origin