Ghalambor and Martin 2001

Ghalambor and Martin 2001

Figure 12.2 Parental care is provided by females in the Membracinae

Figure 12.5 Parental care costs female St. Peter’s fish more than it costs males

Figure 12.6 Male water bugs provide uniparental care

Figure 12.7 Evolution of brood care by males in the Nepoidea

Brown and Wilson 1992

Scott 1998

Figure 12.12 Male baboons intervene on behalf of their own offspring when young baboons start fighting with one another

Yamazaki et al. 2000

Yamazaki et al. 2000

Wedekind et al 1995

Figure 12.10 Call distinctiveness facilitates offspring recognition by parents

Figure 12.13 Why seek adoptive parents?

Figure 12.14 Specialized brood parasitism by cuckoos has evolved three times

Figure 12.15 Evolution of brood parasitism among cowbirds

Figure 12.16 Widowbirds parasitize closely related species

Figure 12.17 The size of an experimental “brood parasite” nestling relative to its host species determines its survival chances

Figure 12.18 The transition to obligate parasitism was probably abrupt in most groups of birds

Figure 12.19 The probability that a female prothonotary warbler will nest again in her territory is a function of the number of potential nest sites in her territory

Figure 12.20 Egg removal by a cuckoo

Figure 12.21 The mafia hypothesis as tested with parasitic cowbirds and prothonotary warblers

Figure 12.22 A product of an evolutionary arms race?

Figure 12.23 Adjustment of investment in sons and daughters by the red mason bee Osmia rufa

Figure 12.24 Discriminating parental care by the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

Trumbo and Fernandez 1995

Figure 12.25 Sibling aggression in the great egret

Mock 1990

Ploger and Mock 1986

http://www.birdsasart.com/231/cattle%20egret%20feeding%20chick.jpg

Schwabl et al. 1997

(cattle egrets)

Mock and Ploger 1987

Figure 12.27 Parent boobies can control siblicide to some extent

Figure 12.29 The color of the mouth gape affects the amount of food that nestling barn swallows are given by their parents