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National Teaching Fellow. Supervision. Getting the Most from Your Supervisor. Associate Professor Lynne Roberts. Overview. Introductions and ground rules ‘Good’ supervisory experiences ( activity ) Supervision as negotiated practice ‘Poor’ supervisory experiences ( activity ) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Associate Professor Lynne Roberts
Getting the Most from Your Supervisor
National Teaching Fellow
Supervision
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Overview
Introductions and ground rules
‘Good’ supervisory experiences (activity)
Supervision as negotiated practice
‘Poor’ supervisory experiences (activity)
Dealing with supervisory issues
Developing and practicing your own strategies (activity)
Summary and evaluation
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Who Am I?
PhD Supervisor
Honours Supervisor
Undergraduate Dissertation Supervisor
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Who Am I?
OLT National Teaching Fellow
Identify, Develop and Disseminate Best Practice In
Supporting Honours And Coursework Dissertation
Supervision
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Who Are You?
I am currently enrolled at:
A. Curtin
B. ECU
C. Murdoch
D. Notre Dame
E. UWA
F. OtherCurti
nECU
Murd
och
Notre Dame
UWA
Other
32%
24%
8%8%
3%
24%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Who Are You?
I am currently enrolled in:
A. Masters by research program
B. PhD
C. Other postgraduate course
D. None of the above!
Maste
rs by re
searc
h pr... PhD
Other p
ostgra
duate course
None of the ab
ove!
14%3%0%
83%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Who Are You?
Year of study in current program:
A. 1st year
B. 2nd year
C. 3rd year
D. 4th year
E. 5th year (or more…)
1st ye
ar
2nd year
3rd year
4th ye
ar
5th ye
ar (or m
ore…)
59%
26%
6%6%3%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Who Are You?
Your broad disciplinary area?
A. Science & Engineering
B. Humanities
C. Social Sciences
D. Health Sciences
E. Business
Science
& Engineerin
g
Humanities
Social S
cience
s
Health Sc
iences
Business
27%
16%
8%
41%
8%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Rules of Engagement
Source: http://seo-advisors.com/online-reputation-management-what-it-is/
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Source: http://www.phoenixisstrategic.com/pr-protects-reputations/
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Your Supervisor: Student relationship most closely resembles
A. Master: Slave
B. Mentor: Mentee
C. Teacher: Student
D. Parent: Child
E. Colleagues 6%
56%
21%
3%
15%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Is this style of supervisory relationship working for you?
A. Definitely not
B. Sometimes
C. Definitely yes
Definitely not
Sometimes
Definitely yes
13%
48%
40%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
‘GOOD’ SUPERVISORY EXPERIENCES
Activity One:
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‘Good’ Supervisory Experiences: Individual Activity
1. Jot down notes about a time when, from your perspective, supervision has gone well
What happened? (2 mins)
2. What did your supervisor do that contributed to this? (2 mins)
3. What did you do that contributed to this? (2 mins)
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Were you able to identify a good supervisory experience?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure
YesNo
Not sure
97%
3%0%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Were you able to identify how your supervisor contributed to this?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure
YesNo
Not sure
100%
0%0%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Were you able to identify how you contributed to this?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Unsure
YesNo
Unsure
84%
16%
0%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Good Supervisory Experiences:Table Activity
List supervisors contributions on one half of the paper
List students contributions on the other half
Asterisk those contributions identified by more than one person
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Good Supervisory Experiences:Supervisor’s Contribution* Listening enthusiastically
Focused and organised
Honest feedback – being blunt
Transform ideas to academic words
Drawing on supervisory network and experts
Asking for feedback
Emotional intelligence – feeling valued
Synergy of discussion
Setting realistic expectations
Availability
Constructive feedback
Accessibility
Encouragement
*This slide consists of ideas presented by workshop participants
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Good Supervisory Experiences:Supervisor’s Contribution*
*WORDLE developed from workshop participants’ ideas noted on butchers paper
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Good Supervisory Experiences:Student’s Contribution*
Showing passion for research
Asking the right questions??? (what are they?)
Finding a niche for research
Not personalising the feedback of supervisors
Being proactive
Active patience – keep going
Being open
Being prepared
Committed and focused on research
Adaptability
Resilience
Initiative
Listening
Taking on supervisors comments – even if negative
*This slide consists of ideas presented by workshop participants
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Good Supervisory Experiences:Student’s Contribution*
*WORDLE developed from workshop participants’ ideas noted on butchers paper
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Student Supervisor Relationship
Shared passion for topicClear expectations
Open communication
‘Good’ Supervision Meetings
Relaxed spaceConcerns listed to
Guidance and supportSynergy
Meeting Outcomes
Remotivated studentsFocus and clarity
Agreed course of actionReduced stressPreparation
OwnershipManagement
AvailableApproachableSupportive
Good Supervision: Student Perspectives
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Student Perspectives
Supervisor Contribution
Approachable
Available
Supportive
Interest in student as person
Sensitive to student’s
emotions
she’s just really helpful and I always feel like I can go to her for help
and I never feel like I’m a burden … and she’s always so welcoming and helpful and there
and available
there is an element of knowing that you can
access a bit of emotional support as well, not therapy, but
just having that understanding and
someone who’s sort of compassionate and
flexible and understanding
She takes interest in my life outside of uni, so
she’s like, “How are you going?” And whatever,
and she’s always like, “If you have any other
problems?” … I know that if anything comes up, that door is open,
that I can communicate with her about that stuff
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Student Perspectives
Student Contribution
Coming prepared
Taking ownership of project
‘Managing’ supervision
process
I had everything planned, had questions
and they all got answered and
addressed in the session, so that was good because I could
progress as I wanted to and most of those
questions were addressed where
needed
I can truly say that my research, this current project, is my own. [Supervisor] offers
guidance but it’s done so cleverly that it’s all
coming from me
I have like set questions that I need answered and I go in there and I
go, “This is what I wanna know and I
wanna know it now,” and that’s when I probably
get the best information when I take charge of
the structure
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Student Perspectives
Student Supervisor Relationship
Shared passion for topic
Clear expectations
Open communicationAsking questions
Discussing problems
She’s so passionate about this area and so
that makes it interesting and sort of fun to work
alongside her in everything was very organised and they
knew exactly what we should be doing and we
were told what we should be doing
I was confused about a few things and that was
sorted out, talked through. And we discussed what
approach I might be able to take
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Student Perspectives
‘Good’ Supervision Meetings
Relaxed space
Concerns listened to
SupportGuidance
Reassurance
Synergy
I’m like this new fresh lamb and these are my shepherds. <laughs>
They’re helping me along like, “Here’s the best grass over here.” Without telling me what
to do
…she says, “Hang on. You need to stop for a
second. Think about what you’re doing. Think about this, this and this; you’re on the right track,” you know, “Just stay on the
path you’re on,” and it sort of allowed me to come
back and continue
it was all of us thinking together and working as
a team. It wasn’t just coming and saying, ‘Oh
here’s my idea.’ ‘Oh yeah that’s good okay’
It’s like a very relaxed space and I think when you
feel relaxed, I can be myself within the
boundaries of the teacher-student – and I think that
really helps ‘cause I know if I get stressed, my brain,
cognitively, just shuts down
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Student Perspectives
Meeting Outcomes
Remotivated student
Focus and clarity
Agreed course of action
Reduced stress
I was just lacking in motivation and I didn't have anything to say about the dissertation but then when
I left, I was like, “Oh, I actually do have my head around this,” because she brought it out of me with our discussion and she
was just asking questions and I’d found myself saying
all these things
we’d resolve that particular issue or it was in the process of being resolved, and I came out feeling a lot more
relaxed and less stressed about the
project
when we had meetings together, we would
come out and say, “Oh, gee, I feel great. I feel so relieved we’ve had
this meeting.”
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Does this model fit for your level of program? What is your opinion?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C.Somewhat Agree
D.Neutral
E. Somewhat Disagree
F. Disagree
G.Strongly DisagreeStro
ngly Agre
eAgre
e
Somewhat Agre
e
Neutral
Somewhat Disa
gree
Disagre
e
Strongly
Disagree
39%
33%
17%
0%0%0%
11%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Student Supervisor Relationship
Shared passion for topicClear expectations
Positive relationship/group dynamic
‘Good’ Supervision Meetings
GuidanceClarification
Positive feedback
Meeting Outcomes
Personal growthSkill development
Student satisfactionInterestOwnership
SupportiveProvide structureResearch knowledge
Good Supervision: Supervisor Perspectives
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Supervisor Contribution
Providing structure
Supportive
Ability to explain
Research knowledge
Supervisor Perspectives
being able to connect with the person on a
personal level as well as a professional level
making it seem relatively straight forward … They were sort of seeing it as this big year long haul, and trying to break it
down to show that it was doable, and this is how we were going to do it
talking about their variables in real terms,
instead of scientific terms, so this is what it is all about, this is what we know about it, this is
what we can do
it’s really your experience in terms of what can be
done in the time that you’ve got
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Supervisor Perspectives
Student Contribution
Interest in topic
Student ownership of project
it was their first choice topic and I think that that is always an advantage. So I think they were just naturally interested in the
area
the supervision I like is when the students are
able to steer it
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Student Supervisor Relationship
Shared passion for topic
Clear expectations
Positive relationship/
group dynamic
Supervisor PerspectivesI think that that
interpersonal process facilitates the teaching
process, but unless you have that supportive
interpersonal relationship between the
student and the supervisor, if that’s not there, then I don’t think that the end result is as
good
it’s all a matter of getting those [expectations]
sorted between the two people at the beginning
and sitting down
[cosupervisor] and I were a bit of more
upbeat because it’s like, “Hey, look. It’s [type of
project]; this is our thing.” And the group
feeds off of that, and it’s also because they are
upbeat so this is a really nice atmosphere
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
‘Good’ Supervision Meetings
Discussion
Guidance
Clarification
Positive feedback
Supervisor Perspectives
look to facilitate what the students are and
accommodate their interests and try and
guide them without sort of taking over or
dictating what it is that they should do
We give them like, “Hey. You guys are doing really
well. You should be proud of yourself. You’re
getting this blah blah blah.” And they were
like, “Oh, yeah.”
clarification in terms of goals and stuff like
that ...[to] “yank them [students] out of that
swamp or quagmire of uncertainty
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Meeting Outcomes
Personal growth
Skill development
Student satisfaction
Supervisor Perspectiveswhen I see the research
group and they’re all, “Oh yes. This is so much fun! I totally get it.” And see
them change
They’re saying that all they want to do is they
just want to do their project, and they’ve got all this coursework but
they just want to do their project
I’m just satisfied when the student seems satisfied or I feel like I’ve been helpful or been able to guide students
and they seem to have moved forward … it’s when I feel like
I’ve been competent in the sense of not necessarily giving
answers but in providing instruction that helps the students move along and acquire skills themselves
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Student Supervisor Relationship
Open communicationShared passion for topic
Clear expectationsPositive relationship/group
dynamic
‘Good’ Supervision Meetings
Relaxed spaceConcerns listed to
Guidance and supportSynergy
ClarificationPositive feedback
Meeting Outcomes
Remotivated studentFocus and clarity
Agreed course of actionReduced stressPersonal growth
Skill developmentStudent satisfaction
PreparationManagementOwnershipInterest
AvailableApproachableSupportiveProvide structureResearch knowledge
Good Supervision: Supervisor & Student Perspectives
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Supervision as Negotiated Practice
University/Faculty/School Guidelines
Negotiated Practice
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Some Advice from Supervisors on Getting the Most from Supervision
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po_UlRlLu0A
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‘POOR’ SUPERVISORY EXPERIENCES
Activity Two
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‘Poor’ Supervisory Experiences: Individual Activity
1. Jot down notes about a time when, from your perspective, supervision has NOT gone well
What happened? (2 mins)
2. What did your supervisor do that contributed to this?
(2 mins)
3. What did you do that contributed to this? (2 mins)
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Were you able to identify a poor supervisory experience?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure
YesNo
Not sure
78%
16%5%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Were you able to identify how your supervisor contributed to this?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure
YesNo
Not sure
87%
13%
0%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Were you able to identify how you contributed to this?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Unsure
YesNo
Unsure
73%
6%
21%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Poor Supervisory Experiences:Table Activity
List supervisors’ contributions on one half of the paper
List students’ contributions on the other half
Asterisk those contributions identified by more than one person
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Poor Supervisory Experiences:Supervisor’s Contribution Disinterested in student
Too busy to be approached
No response to emails
Too many ideas and then say its your project
2 or more supervisors – miscommunication or contradictory advice (supervisors fighting)/ lack of communication
Academic workload
Delayed meetings
Authorship disagreements
Unprofessional – cancelled appointments/ inappropriate relationships/ agitation and anger/ boozers
Ignorant of topic/ everything???
Intimidating
Power imbalance
Self interest to benefit them/not you
Not getting feedback
Not caring about personal circumstances
Inexperience
*This slide consists of ideas presented by workshop participants
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Poor Supervisory Experiences:Supervisor’s Contribution
*WORDLE developed from workshop participants’ ideas noted on butchers paper
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Poor Supervisory Experiences:Student’s Contribution
Lack of commitment
Incompatibility – style
Trying to satisfy everybody
Giving too many excuses
Too dependent or too independent
Lack of initial skills
Poor communication
Not doing what your supposed to
Lack of confidence in raising issues – in person
Trying to outsmart supervisors
*This slide consists of ideas presented by workshop participants
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Poor Supervisory Experiences:Student’s Contribution
*WORDLE developed from workshop participants’ ideas noted on butchers paper
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
CHANGING SUPERVISORY PRACTICE
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Commit to Having a Discussion:When
Annual review (Curtin students- this is now!)
Next supervision meeting
Arrange a joint meeting with supervisory team
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Commit to Having a Discussion:How to Broach the Topic
“I went to InSPiRe last week and have been reflecting on my PhD progress and the way I work best …”
“I’ve been struggling with X and would like to discuss with you some strategies ...”
“Completing the annual review form, I realised that ….”
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Having the Discussion…
Assertive communication: variations of the DESC model
DESCRIBE: describe the situation
EXPRESS: express how this makes you feel
SPECIFY: what you would like
CONSEQUENCES: consequences if this doesn’t happen
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Example: Supervisors Arguing
DESCRIBE: “When you two disagree I go back to my desk confused about what to do next”
EXPRESS: “When I am confused I get stressed I find it difficult to write anything”
EMPATHISE: “I realise you both have strong views and want to give me your best advice”
CONSEQUENCES: “But if I stay this stressed and confused I am going to get behind in my work”
SPECIFY: “It would be very helpful if you could agree in advance on the options which are possible and then explain their advantages and disadvantages in a way that helps us all make a collective decision on what to do”
Source: Adapted from http://thesiswhisperer.com/2014/01/29/mum-and-dad-are-fighting-what-should-i-do/
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Issue 1: Non-availability of Supervisor(s)
Symptoms Infrequent meetings
Supervisor not responding to emails or phone calls
Possible contributing factors Supervisor travelling
Supervisor workload
Power imbalance
Student reluctant to instigate meetings
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An issue I have faced is the general non-availability of my supervisors
A. True
B. False
True
False
58%
42%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
I have resolved the problem of supervisor non-availability
A. True
B. False
True
False
61%
39%
Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Issue 1: Non availability of supervisors(In)frequency of Meetings
PreparationFind out allocation of supervision time recommended for your university
Decide what frequency of meeting is appropriate for the stage of your project
Consider alternatives to meeting face-to-face
ActionSuggest regular meeting times and schedule in calendar for next 6 months
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Issue 1: Suggested Meeting Frequency
Stage of PhD Recommended Meeting Frequency
Newly enrolled Weekly or fortnightly
Exploring literature Fortnightly to monthly
Exploring methodology Fortnightly
Data collection Monthly
Data analysis Fortnightly to monthly
Writing up Weekly to monthly
Source: Supervision of Higher Degree by Research Students: Supervisor Resource Book, adapted from p. 36 http://www.olt.gov.au/system/files/resources/ID11_2091_Blass_resource_ebook_2013.pdf
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Issue 1: One Student’s ExperienceI actually wrote an email saying, you know, we’re supposed to have this amount of time every week. We deserve this amount of time. We need to figure out some kind of – And so then after I sent that out, you know, right away they made sure that there was enough time.
And I tried really hard not to come across as mean when I wrote the email but it was definitely very effective. And even at the next meeting he was like, “Oh I don’t want you to think I don’t have time for you. I have time for you.” And I said, “No that’s okay. I’m not complaining. I’m just saying we need to find a common ground because I’m not – I don’t feel like I’m getting the supervision I’m supposed to have.”
Evidence of preparation
Use of ‘I’statements
Assertive, not aggressive
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Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Issue 2: Not Enough Feedback
Symptoms Drafts returned with ticks or limited comments
Long waits for feedback
Feedback not specific enough
Feedback not understandable
Possible contributing factors Supervisor unclear on type of feedback student is seeking
Supervisor workload
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Curtin University is a trademark of Curtin University of TechnologyCRICOS Provider Code 00301J
Issue 2: Non Enough Feedback
PreparationDetermine the specific types of feedback you are seeking
ActionAttach a note to draft specifying the type of feedback you are seeking
Renegotiate expectancies surrounding times for turn around of drafts
Request meeting following return of draft for further discussion
…they’d ask, “Is that paragraph good?” And I’m
like, “What do you mean with ‘good’?” And something, a question like, “Did I address this well,” or “Did I refer it to
the literature in the right way or made the connection between something?” That would be a good question but not just “Is this good?” or something like
that.
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Important to discuss expectations of each other when commencing Masters/PhD
BUT expectations change over time and may need to be renegotiated periodically
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DEVELOPING PERSONAL STRATEGIES
Activity Three
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Developing StrategiesIndividual Activity 1. Select issue
Write down one thing about your supervisory relationship you would like to change
2. PreparationWrite list of things you might need to do in preparation
3. ActionDevelop an action plan
Prepare a script using DESC
DESCRIBE: describe the situationEXPRESS: express how this makes you feelSPECIFY: what you would like to happenCONSEQUENCES: consequences if this doesn’t happen
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Developing StrategiesPaired Activity
Select a partner
One person: supervisor; one person: student
Student practices DESC script on supervisor
Supervisor listens, then provides feedback
Swap roles
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Some Take Home Thoughts
Supervision is a negotiated practice
Know your entitlements
Ask assertively for what you need to succeed
Take an active role in managing the supervisory relationship
Prepare for supervision meetings to maximise effectiveness
Reassess expectations with your supervisor periodically
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Website: http://www.dissertationsupervision.org/