Getting Started with C++

Yingcai Xiao

09/03/08

Outline

What (is C++) Who (created C++) How (to write a C++ program)

C++

What is C++?

C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

Who created C++?

Bjarne Stroustrup, while at AT&T.

(now, a professor in Computer Science at Texas A&M University)

http://www.research.att.com/~bs/

C++C++ by Bjarne Stroustrup : • FAQ:

http://www.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq.html

http://www.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq2.html#simple-program

• Books:

The C++ Programming Language

The Design and Evolution of C++

• Recommendations:

http://www.research.att.com/~bs/C++.html

http://www.research.att.com/~bs/glossary.html

"C++ coding standards“ by Sutter and Alexandrescu.

http://www.research.att.com/~bs/JSF-AV-rules.pdf

C++ and Other Programming Languages

C: a non-object-oriented programming language, a subset of C++.

Java: write-once, run-anywhere Needs JRE (Java Runtime Environment).Started simple and complexity being added later.“Java isn't platform independent; it is a platform.”

.NET: any programming language and any-platform

Needs to confirm to CTS (Common Type System).

Needs to run through CLR (Common Language Runtime).

.Net Code are called managed code.

C++.NET: Managed C++. A subset of C++ confirms to CTS and runs through CLR.

C++/CLI: extensions of C++ to CLI (Common Language Infrastructure). Better than managed C++.

C#: A better Java confirms to CTS and runs through CLR. Runs only in .NET. C(+)n, n=0,2,4,?

C++ Compilerhttp://www.research.att.com/~bs/compilers.html

GNU C++http://gcc.gnu.org/

Cygwin: is a Linux-like environment for Windows

http://www.cygwin.com/

Microsoft Visual Studio

Coding with an IDE (MS Visual Studio 2008)

Using Start->Program Files-> MS Visual Studio 2008-> MS Visual Studio 2008

Select C++ as default environment if prompted to.

File->New->Project->

Other Languages->Visual C++->Win32->Win32 Console Application

Name: test

Location:

My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects

Note: Put all your projects under the directory. It is actually mapped to C:\Documents and Settings\YourID\My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects. This directory is carried over if you log onto different lab computers and is protected from other users.

Coding with an IDE (MS Visual Studio 2008)

OkWelcome to the Win32 Application Wizard

Next

Console application

Empty project

Project->Add->New Item->Visual C++->Code->C++ File (.cpp)

Name: test

Coding with an IDE (MS Visual Studio 2008)

Enter the following code#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main() { cout << "Hello, World! " << endl; cout << "Pleas enter 'end' to end the program: "<< endl; char a; cin >> a;}

Build->Build testDebug->Start Without DebuggingOr double click:My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\test\debug\test.exe

Coding without an IDE

• Follow parts 1-3 at the following site to install cygwin and c++ (g++) http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/moac/currentstudents/peter_cock/cygwin/

• Start->Program File->Cygwin->Cygwin Bash Shell

To see the path of your Cygwin home directory:

pwd (ignore /cygdrive/)

To go to your Z drive:

cd Z:

To create a working directory:

mkdir oop

To move to the working directory:

cd oop

Coding without an IDE

To create a program:

notepad test.cpp

Cut-and-paste an example program from

http://www.cs.uakron.edu/~xiao/oop/C++Examples.zip

file->save

file->exit

To compile the program:

g++ test.cpp –o test

To run the program:

./test

Your first C++ Program/* Hello.cpp. This program demonstrates basic io, storage and computation in C++ Author: Dr. Xiao (9/6/07).*/

#include <iostream> // head file for predefined io classes and objects #include <string> // head file for the predefined string class#include <math.h> // math.h: head file of math functions in c

// can't omit .h, but can use <cmath> instead.using namespace std; // all names are in the std namespace

int main() {// primitive data typesint i;float f;char a;// pre-defined classesstring so,si;

Your first C++ Program// basic io and computationcout << “Hello! \n”so = "Please enter ";cout << so;cout << "a string: ";cin >> si;cout << si << endl;cout << "Please enter an integer: ";cin >> i;cout << "You square of " << i << " is " << i*i << endl;cout << "Please enter a floating point number: ";cin >> f;cout << "The square root of " << f << " is " << sqrt(f) << endl;so += "'q' to end: ";cout << so; cin >> a;

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