Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 1 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

For pages 10 - 12 More Information on Housing

Overall Vacancy Rates in Canada: 1991 – 4.4% 2010 – 3.1%

Vacancy Rates in the Lowest Rent Quintiles in Canada 1991 - 6.8% 2010 – 3.5%

Overall Rental Housing Starts in Canada as % of all Residential Starts 1991 - 23.44 % 2010 11.88%

Rent for 25th Percentile of Rent for 2 bedroom Unit 1991 - $440 2010 - $625

% of families with income below the Statistics Canada “Low Income Cut Off” (LICO) – viewed as a quasi “poverty line” 1990 – 13% ( 956,244 families) 2005 11.4% (1,003,930)

Core Housing Need - definition:

A household is said to be in core housing need if its housing falls below at least one of the adequacy, suitability, or affordability standards and it would have to spend 30% or more of its total before-tax income to pay the median rent of alternative local housing that is acceptable (meets all three standards). - Adequate dwellings are those reported by their residents as not requiring any major repairs. - Suitable dwellings have enough bedrooms for the size and make-up of resident households, according to National Occupancy Standard (NOS) requirements. - Affordable dwellings cost less than 30% of total before-tax household income 1991- 13.55% of all households in core housing need 2006 – 12.7% of all households

Renter Households spending more than 30% of income on rent 1990 - 34.79% 2005- 40.07%

Renter Households spending more than 50% of income on rent 1990 – 15.95% 2005 – 18.06%

Source: http://www.statcan.gc.ca

For pages 13 - 18 Information

Employment Standards The fundamental principle of decency at work underlies all labour standards legislation… Fairness at Work: Federal Labour Standards for the 21st Century

Source: http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/labour/employment_standards/index.shtml

Ontario Disability Support Program The Ontario Disability Support Program helps people with disabilities who are in financial need pay for living expenses, like food and housing. Employment Supports help people with disabilities who can and want to work prepare for and find a job. The Ontario Disability Support Program is managed and delivered by the Ministry of Community and Social Services. Source: http://www.mcss.gov.on.ca/en/mcss/programs/social/odsp/

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 2 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

Minimum Wage Chart by Province

Jurisdiction

Wage

(C$/h)

Effective

date Comments

Alberta[4]

9.40 Sept. 1, 2011

$9.05 for liquor servers. Any further increases will be set on a yearly

basis using the Consumer Price Index as well as average weekly

earnings in Alberta.[5]

A further $0.35 increase is set to take effect on

September 1, 2012.[6]

British

Columbia[7]

10.25 May 1, 2012 $9.00 for liquor servers.

[8] Currently tied with Ontario for having

$10.25/h in any province.

Manitoba[7]

10.00 Oct. 1, 2011 Workers involved in construction have a minimum wage starting at

$12.60.[9]

New Brunswick[10]

10.00 Apr. 1, 2012

Newfoundland and

Labrador[7]

10.00 Jul. 1, 2010

Northwest

Territories[7]

10.00 Apr. 1, 2011

Nova Scotia[7]

10.15 Apr. 1, 2012

$9.65 for inexperienced workers (less than three months employed in

the type of work they are hired to do).[11]

On April 1 of each year, this

rate is to increase to reflect changes in Statistics Canada’s Low Income

Cut-Off figures for the previous year.

Nunavut[12]

11.00 Jan. 1, 2011 Currently the highest in Canada.

Ontario[7]

10.25 Mar. 31, 2010

Students (under age 18, working 28 hours or under per week

while school is in session or work when there is a school

break): $9.60.

Liquor servers: $8.90.

Homeworkers (includes students and overrides the student

wage): $11.28.

The Ontario government's current custom is that, in any year when the

minimum wage changes, the change takes effect on Mar. 31 of that

year.[13]

For 2012, the government decided to keep the general minimum

wage at $10.25.[14]

Currently tied with British Columbia for having

$10.25/h in any province.|-

Prince Edward

Island[15]

10.00 Apr. 1, 2012

Québec[16]

9.90 May 1, 2012 Workers receiving gratuities receive $8.55.

Saskatchewan[17]

9.50 Sept. 1, 2011

Yukon[7]

10.30 May 1, 2012 Yukon currently pegs annual increases (every April 1) to its minimum

wage using the Consumer Price Index.[18][19]

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_minimum_wages_in_Canada

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 3 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

Federal Poverty Guidelines: Family Size and Monthly income 2011 after tax

Family size

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 or more persons

Poverty Line

$12,629 $15,371 $19, 141 $23,879 $27,192 $30,156 $33,121

Source: http://wwww.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75f0002m/2012002/tbl/tbl01-eng.htm

Statistics Canada

Median total income, by family type, by province and territory

(All census families)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

All census families1

$

Median total income

Canada 63,600 66,550 68,860 68,410 69,860

Newfoundland and Labrador 50,500 55,210 59,320 60,290 62,580

Prince Edward Island 56,100 58,610 61,010 62,110 63,610

Nova Scotia 56,400 59,200 61,980 62,550 64,100

New Brunswick 54,000 56,930 59,790 60,670 62,150

Quebec 59,000 61,780 63,830 64,420 65,900

Ontario 66,600 69,190 70,910 69,790 71,540

Manitoba 58,700 62,070 64,530 65,550 66,530

Saskatchewan 60,500 65,120 69,800 70,790 72,650

Alberta 78,400 82,030 86,080 83,560 85,380

British Columbia 62,600 65,780 67,890 66,700 66,970

Yukon 76,000 81,080 85,070 84,640 86,930

Northwest Territories 88,800 94,220 98,530 98,300 101,010

Nunavut 54,300 56,160 58,590 60,160 62,680

Source: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/famil108a-eng.htm

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 4 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

Wages and Net Worth

2008 – 751,400 workers were at or below the minimum wage accounting for 5.2% of all workers up

from 4.7% in 2000

2008- 60% of female workers were at or below minimum wage

Five times more likely to be at or below minimum wage if you did not complete high school

Average Hourly wage (2002 constant $) 1997 $17.25 2010 $19.34

Median Hourly wage (2002 constant $) 1997 $15.49 2010 $17.17

In 2008, 35% of all jobs were non-standard – part time, temporary, contract or self employed

(Campaign 2000. 2009 Report Cards on Child Poverty in Canada)

There are more working poor: 40% of low income children live in families where at least one parent

works full time year round, up dramatically from 33% in the 1990’s (Campaign 2000. 2009 Report Cards

on Child Poverty in Canada)

No province in Canada provides a minimum wage that would reach the “poverty line”

Source: http://www.statcan.gc.cacan.gc.ca/start-debut-.gc.ca.statcan.gc.ca

For Pages 47- 49 Working Class History – Canadian Content Source: http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/workingclass-history

For pages 51-56 Economic Disparity Replace with.......

Canada’s CEO Elite 100 by Hugh Mackenzie January 2012

Canada’s Top Paid CEO’s and the Rest of Us – Chart page 5 Download documents from source. Source: http://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National%20Office/2012/01/Canadas%20CEO%20Elite%20100FINAL.pdf

Source: http://www.policyalternatives.ca/

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 5 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

FACTS ABOUT THE WORKING POOR IN CANADA

Working poor is a term used to describe individuals and families who maintain regular employment

but remain in relative poverty due to low levels of pay and dependent expenses (Wikipedia)

20% of Canadian workers earn less than $10 per hour.

Close to seven million workers in Canada earn less than $20,000 per year (Statistics Canada. 2001

Census: Analysis Series. Earnings of Canadians; Making a Living in the New Economy. Cat. No.

96F0030XIE2001013 (March) pp. 27-28)

The majority of those living in poverty are working poor - not welfare recipients. (Hon. Ed Broadbent.)

Those who have an hourly wage below $10, about one in four of all workers - and about one in five

adult women workers age 25-54 and one in ten adult male workers, will fall short. Andrew Jackson,

(Jackson, 2005: Chapter 2.)

In 2008, 35% of all jobs were non-standard - part time, temporary, contract or self-employed.

Campaign 2000. 2009 Report Cards on Child and Family Poverty in Canada.

There are more working poor: 40 per cent of low-income children live in families where at least one

parent works full-time year round, up dramatically from 33 per cent in the 1990s. Campaign 2000.

2009 Report Cards on Child and Family Poverty in Canada

More than one in six workers, almost 2.4 million Canadians, are in low wage jobs making less than $10

an hour. Most low wage earners are women and many are recent immigrants. Almost half of low paid

full-time workers were their family’s major income earner. Statistics Canada. Low Wage and Low

Income. (April 2006, p. 10.), taken from CUPE Economic Brief: Thirty Years of Dwindling Minimum

Wages in Canada

"...the best predictor of the number of people living in poverty in a nation is the number of people

earning low wages. ..nations that tolerate a greater percentage of low-paid workers are also more

likely to have higher poverty rates. Dennis Raphael -- in Poverty and Policy in Canada. Toronto:

Canadian Scholars Press, 2007

Source: http://www.poornomore.ca/index.php?pagename=blogs&news_id=19

Source: www.poornomore.ca

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 6 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

Canadian Income Inequality

Income inequality in Canada has increased over the past 20 years.

The richest group of Canadians increased its share of total national income between 1993 and 2008,

while the poorest group lost share. Middle-income Canadians also lost share.

Although the gap between the rich and poor widened, Canadians in the poorest income group still saw

their income levels rise, albeit minimally.

Download document from source

Source: http://www.conferenceboard.ca/hcp/hot-topics/caninequality.aspx

For pages 59-61

Middle Class, New Money, Old Money

Canadian Stories

For Page 140 & 141

Insert local services o Minimum wage rate o Federal poverty line o Food banks o Winter heat program o Allowances for special diets

Page 173: Community Resource: Education

Local term for Head Start

o In Ontario it is called Early Years

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 7 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

Where to Go to Build Resources

1. Addressing Canada’s Lack of Affordable Housing http://www.streethealth.ca/Downloads/NickCEA-0507.pdf Canadian Economics Association Dalhousie University Nova Scotia June 2007

2. Poverty Reduction in Ontario http://www.incomesecurity.org/campaigns/OntarioPovertyReductionStrategy.html Income Security Advocacy Centre 425 Adelaide Street West, 5th Floor Toronto, ON M5V 3C1 Tel: (416) 597-5820 Toll Free: 1-866-245-4072 Fax: (416) 597-5821 e-mail: isac@lao.on.ca

3. National Poverty Reduction Plan

http://www.makepovertyhistory.ca/learn/issues/poverty-reduction-plan

Make Poverty History 39 McArthur Avenue Ottawa ON K1L 8L7 613-740-1500

4. Canadian Council on Social Development

http://www.ccsd.ca/

The Canadian Council on Social Development (CCSD) is a non-governmental, not-for-profit organization, which was founded in 1920. Our mission is to develop and promote progressive social policies inspired by social justice, equality and the empowerment of individuals and communities. We do this through research, consultation, public education and advocacy. Our main product is information. Our sources of funding include research contracts, the sale of publications and memberships, and donations. General Information Canadian Council on Social Development P.O. Box 13713 Kanata, ON K2K 1X6 Canada Telephone: 613.236.8977

Getting Ahead in a Just-Gettin’-By World by Philip E. DeVol Canadian Addendum 2012

Page 8 Researched by:

Gayle Montgomery, Circles Coordinator, Social Planning and Program Support Department of the County of Lambton Mary Jane Murray, Adult Learning Centres Grey-Bruce- Georgian

Cheryl Hitchen, Manager, Social Planning and Policy, City of Kingston

5. United Way of Canada http://www.unitedway.ca

Today, there are over 100 United Ways Centraides across the country. Each one is an autonomous non-profit organization governed by a volunteer-led local Board of Directors. Each United Ways Centraide raises money and allocates funds locally to support its community. The national office, United Way Centraide Canada, has a distinct role to provide leadership, guidance and support to local United Ways Centraides across the country. Together, local United Ways Centraides and United Way Centraide Canada form the United Way Centraide Movement. United Way is known as Centraide in Quebec, Ottawa and other French-Canadian communities. With support provided by numerous volunteers and staff, United Ways Centraides create opportunities for a better for life for everyone in our communities. General Information 404 - 56 Sparks St Ottawa, ON K1P 5A9 613-236-7041 and 1-800-267-8221 6. 211 http://211canada.ca

211 is a three-digit phone number and website that provides information and referral to community and social services in Ontario. Our Certified Information and Referral Specialists are caring, understanding and knowledgeable, and pride themselves on their ability to connect you with the services you need. When you don't know where to turn, call 211 With information on more than 56,000 agencies and services, we can help you find the answers you need, quickly and easily. Our phone service is open 24 hours a day, every day of the year, and is available in more than 150 languages.