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• Get out your syllabus slip and folder if you have them. • Write our weekly schedule in your planner
if you have it.
Government
What words and ideas come to mind when you hear this term?
Topic: Systems of GovernmentEssential Question: How do different systems of government operate to
maintain order?
• Government is a tool that is used to protect rights and maintain order in society. • However, there are different ways to achieve this. Not
every country around the world organizes their government in the same way.
• There are 4 different systems of government we see in the world today. These are parliamentary, unitary, federal, and confederal. • Let’s take a look at each of these 4 systems of government.
Parliamentary System• In a parliamentary system of government, the power to
make and enforce laws is given to a parliament.• In most countries with a parliamentary system, the people
elect the members of parliament . This parliament makes the laws of the country.
• The members of parliament then chose a member of parliament to be the leader of the country. This person (sometimes called a prime minister) enforces the countries laws.
• What makes a parliamentary system unique is this link between the law-making (legislative) and law-enforcing (executive) branches of the government.
Here is a visual of a parliamentary system:
Parliament
Prime Minister
The people
The people elect the members of parliament and parliament chooses the prime minister.
Which countries have a parliamentary system?
CanadaUnited Kingdom (England)
Australia
India
South Africa
• Turn to your shoulder partner. If your birthday comes FIRST in the year, then you are a 1. If your birthday is second, you are a 2.
• 1’s- answer this question to your shoulder partner-
• Who is in charge in a parliamentary system of government?
•2’s- share out your partner’s answer
Unitary System• In a unitary system of government, the power to make and
enforce laws is held at only one level, usually the national (central) level.
• A unitary system can many forms. Some may be democratic (meaning the people have a say in their government) or non-democratic (meaning the people do not have a say in their government).
Here is a visual of a unitary system:
The people
National (Central) Government
The national government rules over the people directly.
Which countries have a unitary system?
China
Chile
Spain
Most of Africa
Unitary System of Government
• 2’s- answer this question to your shoulder partner-
• Who is in charge in a unitary system of government?
•1’s- share out your partner’s answer
Federal System• In a federal system of government, the power to make and
enforce laws is shared between two or more levels of government.
• The top level is the national (central) government. Below them are the states. Some countries have provinces instead of states.
• Even though the power is shared between levels, it is not shared equally. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS MORE POWER THAN THE STATE GOVERNMENTS.
Here is a visual of a federal system:
National Government
State Government State Government State Government
The people
The national government gives certain powers to the states, and the people are ruled by both levels.
Which countries have a federal system?
Federal System of Government
United States
MexicoAustralia
Russia
• 1’s- answer this question to your shoulder partner-
• Why is the United States considered a federal system of government?•2’s- share out your partner’s answer
Confederal System• In a confederal system of government, the power to make
and enforce laws is shared between two or more levels of government.
• There is a national (central) government, however, most of the power lies with the states. THE STATES HAVE THE POWER TO OVERRULE THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT.
Here is a visual of a confederal system:
The people
Central Government
StateGovernment
StateGovernment
StateGovernment
StateGovernment
There is a central government, but the individual states are more powerful.
Which countries have a confederal system?• The confederal system is government is not very common. However,
there are a few places around the world that have a form of confederal government. They are:
Belgium Switzerland The United Nations
• There is a also a famous example of a country that used to be a confederation:
The United States of America during the years 1777-1789. Why did we quit being a confederal system of government? More about this later!
• 2’s- answer this question to your shoulder partner-
• What make a confederal system different from a federal system?
•1’s- share out your partner’s answer