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GERMAN LANGUAGE Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D. American University

GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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Page 1: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 2: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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9. Separable and Inseparable Prefix Verbs

Page 3: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Many German verbs do have prefixes in their infinitive form.

mitfahren, vorfahren, nachfahren, mitbringen, einkaufen, verkaufen

Page 4: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

The verb mitfahren means no longer just to drive (fahren) or mitbringen (to bring). The tiny prefix mit changes the verb’s meaning entirely.

Page 5: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Please listen to the pronunciation, what do you notice?

fahren - mitfahren vorfahren

schlafen - einschlafen

kaufen - einkaufen: sie kauft ein

Page 6: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

The prefix is stressed. This is not the case for inseparable prefix verbs: verkaufen, wiederholen, to be discussed soon.

Page 7: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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9.1 Separable Prefix Verbs

–––

9.2 Meaning and Usage

9.3 Negation with nicht

Page 8: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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9.4 Inseparable Prefix Verbs

–––9.5 Jetzt üben wir!

Page 9: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 10: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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9.1 Separable Prefix Verbs

–––

Page 11: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Three common prepositions are

mit with vor in front nach after

1. mitfahren 2. vorfahren 3. nachfahren

Page 12: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Look at the following dialogue. The prefix breaks “up” with the main verb only to return to it when a modal verb comes into play.

These so called drama queens of German verbs.

Page 13: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Peter fährt zum Oktoberfest nach München. Er will ein paar Tage Urlaub machen. Also Ich fahre mit. Willst du nicht auch mitfahren, Stefan?

Page 14: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Ich kann nicht mitfahren, viel Spaß!

Kannst du vielleicht nachkommen?

Ja, gerne. Ich komme per Zug nach.

Page 15: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Verb Conjugation and location of prefix:

A separable prefix verb conjugates just like its base verb, the prefix however does not have one fixed position.

Page 16: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Wir kaufen im Supermarkt ein. Kommt mit!

Der Test fängt um 9 Uhr an. Kommt pünktlich an!

In the present tense and in the imperative form the prefix gets kicked to the very end of the sentence:

.

Page 17: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 18: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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9.2 Meaning and Usage

–––

Page 19: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Frequently used separable prefix verbs and conjugation pattern below

anfangen to start

ankommen to arrive

anrufen to phone

einkaufen to shop

Page 20: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

einschlafen

to fall asleep

Page 21: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

mitbringen to bring along

mitfahren to drive along

mitkommen to come along

zurückkommen to return

vorbereiten to prepare

ausgehen to go out with friends or date

Page 22: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Present Simple Past Pres./Past Prefect Modal

Ich fange an fing an habe/hatte angefangen will anfangen

Er kommt an kam  an ist/war angekommen soll ankommen

Page 23: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Please make time to review strong verb conjugation tables on a regular basis.

.

Page 24: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 25: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

9.3 Negation with nicht

–––

Page 26: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

To negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense (gekauft, gemacht) is between prefix and verb:

Page 27: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Er kommt nicht wieder. Er ist nicht wiedergekommen.

Sie ruft nicht an. Sie hat nicht angerufen.

.

Page 28: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 29: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

9.4 Inseparable Prefix Verbs

–––

Page 30: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

As you guessed correctly, here the prefix always remains attached to the verb.

Page 31: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Beispiel:

Sie bezahlt die Rechnung (check, bill). Er hat bezahlt. Wir müssen bezahlen.

.

Page 32: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

www.companyname.com© 2016 Jetfabrik Multipurpose Theme. All Rights Reserved.

GERMANLANGUAGE

–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.

American University

Page 33: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

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9.5 Jetzt üben wir!

–––

Page 34: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Anworten Sie (no modals). Rewrite in the negative with nicht.

Musst du deine Eltern anrufen?

Ja, ich rufe sie an.

Nein, ich ___________________

Page 35: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Möchte sie mitfahren?

Ja, sie

_______________________

Willst du sie besuchen?

______________________

Page 36: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Willst du sie besuchen?

______________________

Können die Schüler anfangen?   

_______________________

Page 37: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Will Simon sein Fahrrad verkaufen?

______________________

Möchtet ihr Salat bestellen?

______________________

Page 38: GERMAN LANGUAGETo negate the sentence, add nicht immediately in front of the separable prefix or the past participle of the verb. The -ge of non-prefix verbs in the compound tense

Musst du einkaufen?

_______________________

Will das Baby einschlafen?

_______________________

.