George WashingtonGeorge Washington

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIprNlzKjbo&list=PL6Y52oHOi3v=UIprNlzKjbo&list=PL6Y52oHOi3pLIRQNqV31WCF9zD8hBh6VXpLIRQNqV31WCF9zD8hBh6VX

What shall we call him?What shall we call him?

Your ExcellencyYour Royal

HighnessKing WashingtonYour HonorOur Esteemed RulerExecutor

WashingtonOur Enlightened

RulerMr. President

Electoral CollegeElectoral College

Original Electors in the Electoral College cast two votes.

The person with the highest number became President and the person with the second highest number became Vice-President

The 12th Amendment changed this in 1804

1788 Presidential Election 1788 Presidential Election ResultsResults

11 states in the Union – two had not ratified yet

69 Total votes

Candidate Total Electoral Votes

George Washington 69

John Adams 34

Minor Candidates 35

Little Known Facts…Little Known Facts…Three States did

not participate in the 1st Presidential Election◦Rhode Island – had

not ratified the Constitution

◦North Carolina - had not ratified the Constitution

◦New York – due to an argument, failed to choose electors in time!

A President who set many A President who set many Precedents!Precedents!

Precedent: Setting the bar for the first time someone does something. Existing example or practice.

Because the country and government were so new, George Washington and his administration had to make many key decisions that have become tradition or custom in our nation!

Precedents that Washington Precedents that Washington Established….Established….

Mr. PresidentThe CabinetTwo terms (broken by FDR)The Judiciary ActForeign policy of Neutrality

The Unwritten ConstitutionThe Unwritten Constitution

The operation of the U.S. Government today is based on many customs,

traditions and practices that were not written into the Constitution.

The CabinetThe Cabinet

The Constitution gave the President the power to appoint people to assist him. Article II, Section II.

Washington and later Presidents came to rely on these people known as the Cabinet for advice. (State, War, Treasury and Justice)

1. The First Cabinet - 1. The First Cabinet -

Secretary of State- Jefferson

Secretary of War◦Henry Knox

Secretary of Justice◦Edmond Randolph

Secretary of Treasury◦Alexander Hamilton

2. Judicial Review2. Judicial Review

The Supreme Court has the power to review federal and state laws to determine if they are keeping with the Constitution◦Marbury v. Madison 1803

3. Political Parties3. Political Parties

An organized group that seeks to control government through winning elections, holding office and influencing policy.

4. Lobbying4. Lobbying

Pressure groups and outside influences that attempt to influence legislation, or urge legislators to pass certain laws.

5. Committee System5. Committee System

Committees help Congress select the most important bills from the thousands proposed yearly. They hold hearings to discuss, evaluate and approve bills.

Judiciary Act of 1789Judiciary Act of 1789

1. Federal Courts would hear cases involving Constitutional issues: illegal search and seizure, freedom of Speech, cruel and unusual punishment

2. Appeal to US Circuit Court of Appeals.

The Judiciary Act of 1789The Judiciary Act of 1789

US Supreme Court

USCircuitCourt

Appeals

US District Courts – 13 Courts

Can choose not to hear Case!

Judge makes the decision

Jury decides Case