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Geology 3120 - Rock FabricGeology 3120 - Rock Fabric
ObjectivesObjectives
• Attitudes of FabricAttitudes of Fabric
• CleavageCleavage
• LineationsLineations
• FoliationsFoliations
FabricsFabrics
FabricsFabrics
FabricsFabrics
FabricsFabrics
CleavageCleavage
• General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to
curviplanar penetrative surfacescurviplanar penetrative surfaces
• ContinuousContinuous verses verses disjunctivedisjunctive cleavage - planar verses cleavage - planar verses
non-planarnon-planar
• Mechanical realignment and growth of clay mineralsMechanical realignment and growth of clay minerals
• Pressure dissolution processPressure dissolution process
Slaty CleavageSlaty Cleavage
Mechanical alignment and growth of clay mineralsMechanical alignment and growth of clay minerals
Slaty CleavageSlaty Cleavage
Where is the bedding?Where is the bedding?
Slaty CleavageSlaty Cleavage
Where is the cleavage?Where is the cleavage?
Slaty CleavageSlaty Cleavage
What direction is the nearest anticline?What direction is the nearest anticline?
Pressure Dissolution CleavagePressure Dissolution Cleavage
Extensional veins shortened in silt
Axial Planar CleavageAxial Planar Cleavage
Identify the folds
Axial Planar CleavageAxial Planar Cleavage
Identify the cleavage
Axial Planar CleavageAxial Planar Cleavage
Identify the axial surfaces
Axial Planar CleavageAxial Planar Cleavage
Axial Planar CleavageAxial Planar Cleavage
BeddingBedding
Axial Planar CleavageAxial Planar Cleavage
Axial SurfacesAxial Surfaces
Cleavage VergenceCleavage Vergence
WestCentral East
Cleavage VergenceCleavage Vergence
West Central East
Cleavage VergenceCleavage Vergence
West
CentralCentral
East
Cleavage VergenceCleavage Vergence
West
CentralCentralEast
Pressure Solution Cleavage - Pressure Solution Cleavage -
LimestoneLimestone
Insoluble material is typically contained in the stylolite
Introduction to LineationsIntroduction to Lineations
One-Dimensional Features One-Dimensional Features
Slickenline lineationsSlickenline lineations
Fault groovesFault grooves
Stretched conglomeratesStretched conglomerates
BoudinsBoudins
Slickenline LineationsSlickenline Lineations
Calcite mineral growth
on a fault plane
GroovesGrooves
Grooves are parallel to strikeGrooves are parallel to strike
What type of fault is this?What type of fault is this?
Stretched ConglomeratesStretched Conglomerates
Rock has a foliation, lineation depends on whether clasts areRock has a foliation, lineation depends on whether clasts are
disc- or rod-shapeddisc- or rod-shaped
Boudins Boudins
Introduction to FoliationsIntroduction to Foliations
Bring in the next dimensionBring in the next dimension
Deformation or organization of grains with respect to Deformation or organization of grains with respect to
a two-dimensional surfacea two-dimensional surface
Foliations in addition to lineations may yield Foliations in addition to lineations may yield
information about the stretching direction information about the stretching direction
Foliations with LineationsFoliations with Lineations
ReferencesReferencesSlides 3 - 6: Slides 3 - 6: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/describing/lin-plane.htm
Slide 1, 8 - 11: Slide 1, 8 - 11: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/cleavage/slatey.htm
Slide 12Slide 12: : http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/psolncleav.htm
Slides 13 - 16: Slides 13 - 16: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleavage.htm
Slide 17 - 20Slide 17 - 20: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleaverge.htm: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleaverge.htm
Slide 21Slide 21: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/stilolite.htm: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/stilolite.htm
Slide 23Slide 23: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/strifibres.htm: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/strifibres.htm
Slide 24Slide 24: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/grooves.htm: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/grooves.htm
Slide 25Slide 25: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/congs.htm: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/congs.htm
Slide 26Slide 26: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/extend/boudyke.htm: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/extend/boudyke.htm
Slide 26Slide 26: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/strain/gallery/boudin.html: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/strain/gallery/boudin.html
Slide 28:Slide 28: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/myllin.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/myllin.htm
Slide 29:Slide 29: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/gallery/plattgen.htm http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/gallery/plattgen.htm