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Th e National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency’s primary

mission is to aid the security agencies by collecting,

analysing and distributing geospatial information.

Susan H. Meisner tells us more.

Border surveillance is a major concern for security agencies around the world. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) helps make data collection across border areas feasible.

FEATURED ARTICLES

Building a secure enterprise 23Vishal DhuparSymantec India

In today’s competitive world, protecting data is one

of the major challenges before any company. CISO

can be a possible solution

Th e asset manager 31Sanjay GanjooIBM India

IBM Maximo Asset and Service management

system is built to help organisations manage their

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EVENT REPORTS

GIS Gaining momentum 36Aditi BhanGIS is steadily pushing its way into India’s security

corridors

Connecting communities fora safer world 38Anand KashyapGeoIntelligence Asia 2010 brought together experts

and visitors from around the world

SECTIONS

News .................................4

New Appointments ....... 17

Events ............................ 35

Cover image courtesy

NGA

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

EB Tough VoIP system delivered

EB, Elektrobit Corporation has

delivered its EB Tough VoIP

system to the Finnish Army. Th e

army will commence an extensive

series of fi eld trials on the system

during 2010 to evaluate its

performance in varying military

scenarios.

EB will work with the Finnish

Army during various testing

phases throughout this year

in order to meet system

requirements and ensure proper

usage. With new components

such as broadband data

communications, enhanced

voice over IP services, and

advanced functions designed

specifi cally for ground forces,

the system provides signifi cant

levels of increased performance

and operational capabilities. In

addition, it enables the Finnish

Defence Forces to take a giant

leap forward on the road to

adopting a Network Centric

Defence model.

EB Tough VoIP can be used

as a stand-alone system, or the

solution units EB Tough VoIP

Terminal and the EB Tough

VoIP Network Extender can be

integrated to a customers' existing

communications infrastructure.

Th e products can be leveraged in

many ways, including:

· Rugged and secure Voice over

IP (VoIP) clients for military

communications

· Radio over IP (RoIP) clients

· Tactical data radio environment

· Demanding environments

where limitations in

communications can greatly

aff ect operational capabilities

NEWS

Smartphones – the latest battle accessory

Farnborough, UK: Th e rapidly

growing use of sophisticated mobile

applications is giving rise to a world

where smartphones are likely to

become the next weapon in the

battlefi eld arsenal. Raytheon is

reported to be developing software

which would enable a soldier locate

enemies in his surroundings using a

mobile phone.

Th e software would be powerful

enough to pick up aerial images from

a satellite or an unmanned aircraft and

then focus in on details such as license

plates on cars or a person's facial

features, reports Reuters.

Th e US Army and the Indian military

are potential customers for the

software. In fact, some

members of US

Special Forces

teams

are said to have tested the product and

advised the company accordingly.

Each handset, which has a colour

touchscreen, would cost approx.

USD 500 and Raytheon would

be responsible for providing

the encryption software and

communications system necessary

for the application to work in remote

areas where signals do not exist.

Th e report further states that the

software would allow soldiers to

track each others' movements in the

battlefi eld, and help them identify

potential enemies in a way similar

to social networking sites such as

Facebook.

Th e company is also planning to

install identity recognition software

in the phones which will allow

only select users to unlock

them, thus preventing its

misuse.

Northrop to supply navigation systems

Northrop Grumman has been awarded a

contract by the Italian shipyard Fincantieri

to deliver two full navigation suites for the

second pair of U212A class submarines

being built for the Italian Navy.

Th e navigation suites, comprising

the PL41 Mk4 ring laser gyro inertial

navigation system and the navigation data

controller (NDC), will be supplied by the

company's German navigation systems

subsidiary, Northrop Grumman LITEF.

Th e PL41 Mk4 is an advanced ring laser

gyro inertial navigation system, suitable

for operating on board modern naval

vessels. Th e equipment is designed to

provide continuous and automatic data

outputs of ship's heading, attitude and

heave, corresponding rates, geographical

position and velocity information.

Th e PL41 Mk4 consists of the basic

unit (BU) and a remote control and

display unit (RCDU). Th e BU is an

environmentally sealed cabinet, which

contains the motion sensitive inertial

sensors, processing electronics, input

and output function, power and

I/O distribution cable harnesses and

supporting electronics. Th e RCDU is

provided for operator interface.

Th e navigation data controller (NDC)

functions as a central navigation computer

and interface control, monitoring and

distribution unit, and features dual

redundant ring-bus architecture. A

dedicated intelligent interface reduces the

master processor work load and increases

the data throughput substantially.

www.

redo

rbit.

com

4

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

SELEX wins Forza NEC contract

SELEX Sistemi Integrati, a

Finmeccanica company, has

signed a contract worth EUR

238 million with the Land

Armaments General Directorate

- Italian Ministry of Defence to

supply the Italian armed forces

with a digitised system known as

Forza NEC (Network Enabled

Capability). Th e aim of the Forza

NEC programme is to modernise

the armed forces using technology

that will make it possible to

exchange the maximum amount of

operational, tactical and logistical

information from each vehicle or

individual deployed in the fi eld.

SELEX Sistemi Integrati signed

the fi ve-year contract in its role as

main supplier, system integrator

and lead company in the defi nition

of the overall system architecture.

Th e programme will also involve

other Finmeccanica companies

such as SELEX Communications,

SELEX Galileo, Elsag Datamat,

Oto Melara, AgustaWestland and

MBDA Italia. Other members

of the industrial alliance include

Elettronica, Iveco, Engineering

Ingegneria Informatica, the Iveco-

Oto Melara consortium and the

temporary consortium Soldato

Futuro.

Th e contract covers the

manufacture and integration

of command posts in shelters

and vehicles, communication,

command and control devices

for soldiers (under the Soldato

Futuro programme), unmanned

vehicles equipped with sensors,

and systems off ering full

interoperability between the Italian

armed forces and the forces of

other countries. A test laboratory

consisting of numerous military

centres connected in a network

will also be constructed and

delivered.

Netherlands uses CommBox

After the successful installation and testing, Th e Royal Netherlands Navy,

represented by the Netherlands Defense Academy training vessel Van

Kinsbergen, is now using the CommBox solution delivered by Virtek

Communication AS.

“CommBox plays a signifi cant role in our IT/Communication infrastructure and

we chose this system because it gives us control of the data communication. We

wanted to provide more communication possibilities for the crew, and due to

the high level of control and compression that the CommBox system provides,

the crew now have the ability to stay connected with their friends and family

through roaming e-mail and web surfi ng,” said Captain Marcel de Wijn.

ComSatBw-2 launched successfully

Th e second ComSatBw satellite,

designed, built and integrated by

Th ales Alenia Space on behalf of

EADS Astrium, was successfully

launched recently.

ComSatBw military communications

satellites deliver key services for the

German armed forces. Th ey provide a

secure broadband network guaranteeing

uninterrupted

communications

between the

government,

military authorities

and armed forces

deployed anywhere

in the world.

ComSatBw

multi-mission

geostationary

satellites are based on the Th ales

Alenia Space Spacebus 3000B2

platform, and carry payloads

comprising SHF (Super-High-

Frequency), and UHF -transponders

(Ultra-High-Frequency) provided

by EADS Astrium. Weighing about

2,500 kg at launch, ComSatBw

satellites off er 3.5 kW of power and a

design life estimated at 15 years.

www.

thale

sgro

up.co

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5

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

EADS to implement RIFAN programme

After being awarded the RIFAN stage

2 contract in 2008 and completing

the preliminary design phase, EADS

Defence & Security and its consortium

have received the go-ahead from the

French defence procurement agency

DGA to implement the system and

provide initial support. While EADS

Defence & Security is the prime con-

tractor, DCNS and Rohde & Schwarz

are co-contractors for the project.

Valued at approx EUR 50 million, the

objective of this contract is to design,

implement and deploy an updated

version of the IP communication

network for the French Naval Aviation

force. It includes an initial three-year

on-condition maintenance (OCM)

agreement and identifi es conditional

phases of recurrent annual OCM over

fi ve supplementary years.

RIFAN stage 2 is part of a logic for

digitising the operational space of the

French Naval Aviation force and is

one of the steps in the ongoing process

to improve the force’s information

exchange capabilities.

New system for tactical communication

Raytheon is introducing the new Enhanced

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Radio System

(EMARS) to provide netted communications and

tactical data for coalition interoperability.

Available for coalition forces, EMARS delivers easy-to-use

and proven capabilities for seamless coalition use on vehicular

and dismounted applications.

EMARS brings together Raytheon's proven Enhanced Position

Location Reporting System-XF-I and MicroLight DH500

handheld radio and leverages the company's integral MANET

(mobile ad-hoc networking) technology. Th e tactical system

automatically and continually adapts to network changes,

including those in challenging urban environments. It

provides a wireless, Internet Protocol capability network

that implements Advanced Encryption Standard

encryption over an extended frequency range.

Th e system also uses the most advanced

EPLRS waveform available for simultaneous

voice, video, data and critical position

location information. With more than

25,000 units fi elded across the US armed

services, Canada and Australia, EPLRS

is one of the most widely used tactical

wireless networks today.

Lockheed to supply airborne surveillance system

Lockheed Martin has been awarded a

four-year contract to supply the Finnish

Air Force with an airborne surveillance

system and associated ground

systems. Th e value of this contract is

approximately USD 100 million.

Under this agreement, Lockheed

Martin will modify an EADS

CASA C-295 turboprop aircraft

to accommodate an advanced

surveillance system. A key attribute

of the system will be an open and

modular architecture to allow

future system upgrades to be easily

added and readily reconfi gured to

support evolving mission needs. Th is

approach ensures an up-to-date system

throughout the life cycle using an

innovative technology road mapping

process. Lockheed Martin’s team will

also provide ground stations and

communications terminals to support

the airborne system.

Lockheed Martin which will work

closely with Finnish Industry, will

be supported by Patria Oy, Rockwell

Collins, DRS Technologies, Applied

Signal Technology, AdamWorks,

and L3 Communications in this

programme.

Cour

tesy:

Lock

heed

Mar

tin

6

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

AW and Thales unveil enhanced ASaC

AgustaWestland, a Finmeccanica

company, and Th ales recently unveiled

an enhanced Airborne Surveillance

and Control (ASaC) capability.

Th e low cost, low risk capability

builds upon the combat proven Sea

King Mk7 ASaC Cerberus mission

system and Searchwater 2000 radar,

to provide enhanced operational

eff ectiveness through the use of the

next generation AgustaWestland

AW101 helicopter. AgustaWestland

and Th ales have teamed up to explore

the potential for this capability in

advance of the keenly expected MoD

requirement to replace the Sea King

Mk7 ASaC aircraft after its planned

retirement in 2016.

Nick Whitney, Senior VP

UK Government Business

Unit, AgustaWestland,

said “Th e AgustaWestland

solution will deliver an

enhanced, cost eff ective

and low risk capability

which exemplifi es the role

of an ASaC capability fi t

for the 21st century. Th e

solution we have developed

capitalises on the substantial

investment already made

by the MoD in both the

helicopter and the excellent

Th ales Cerberus mission

system and radar.” Ed

Lowe, Chief Operating

Offi cer of Th ales UK said,

“Sea King Mk 7 is a highly

successful ASaC platform which

has proved itself over land and sea.

Th ales looks forward to working with

AgustaWestland to develop a proposal

to transfer our Cerberus mission

system to the AW101 platform. I am

confi dent this will off er our customer a

low cost, low risk method of delivering

ASaC well into the future with no

capability gap”.

Th e palletised Searchwater 2000 radar

is deployed through the rear ramp

aperture when in operation and stows

in the cabin when not in use, enabling

rapid transit between tasking. Two

aft-facing modernised mission crew

stations are located at the forward

end of the cabin. Th e following key

features and benefi ts are also included:

• Long range, look up/look down air,

land and sea capability

• Human Machine Interface

optimised for two man operation

• Fully integrated Link 16 Command

and Control capability

• Modern platform extends

360 degree radar horizon and

signifi cantly increases mission range

and endurance

Th e palletised ASaC equipment also

enables a front line re-role capability

delivering greater aircraft utility.

Rockwell Collins to provide Ground System

Rockwell Collins, along with team

members BAE Systems AeI and Insta

DefSec Oy, has been selected by the

Finnish Air Force to provide a Link

16 ground system that will allow the

establishment, control and operation

of Link 16 networks. Th e system will

support timely exchange of command

and control information and situational

data between the Air Defence Command

and Control system, aircraft and other

Link 16-equipped assets. It will also

provide intelligent control of multiple

Link 16 networks across the country.

"Th is technology will provide the Finnish

Air Force with key networking capability

that will enable pilots to identify friendly

and enemy aircraft while enhancing

command and control for greater mission

success," said Alan Caslavka, vice president

and general manager of Command,

Control, Communications and Intelligence

Solutions for Rockwell Collins.

A key component in the Link 16 ground

system is the Rockwell Collins Rosetta

technology, which simplifi es sensor

and data link management, providing

enhanced situational awareness for

successful tactical operations. Equally

integral to the team's solution is BAE

Systems AeI's world leading Link 16

network management capability. Th e in-

country integrated support solution will

be supplied by the third team member,

Insta Defsec Oy.

7

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Lockheed to compete for Common Computing Environment

Lockheed Martin is one of the

companies selected by the Space and

Naval Warfare Systems Command

(SPAWAR) to compete for future

orders under the Common Afloat

Local Area Network Infrastructure

(CALI) indefinite delivery,

indefinite quantity (IDIQ) multiple

award contracts.

Lockheed Martin will compete for

orders within the contract ceiling

of USD 502 million from 2010

through 2017, inclusive of a four

year option period.

Under the CALI IDIQ, contractors

will sustain Navy computing

network systems for the next

seven years until the Navy’s new

Consolidated Afloat Network

Enterprise Services (CANES)

programme is operational. CALI

provides command, control,

computing, communication

and intelligence support for US

Navy ships and submarines. The

contract covers the procurement of

common computing environment

components, integrated logistics

support,

configuration

management, test

and evaluation,

quality assurance

and installation

support.

For the CALI

programme,

Lockheed

Martin has

partnered with

small businesses

in San Diego,

including Epsilon

Systems, System

Technology

Institute, and

BlueTech, Inc.

Boeing bids for US Army's EMARSS

Th e Boeing Company has submitted a

proposal to deliver an aff ordable airborne

intelligence collection, processing and

targeting support system to the US

Army. Th e Enhanced Medium-Altitude

Reconnaissance and Surveillance System

(EMARSS) is being procured by the

Army’s Programme Executive Offi ce

(PEO) for intelligence, electronic warfare

and sensors.

Th e Army's EMARSS request for

proposals calls for a persistent capability

to detect, locate, classify/identify, and

track surface targets in day or night, near-

all-weather conditions with a high degree

of timeliness and accuracy. Th e service is

expected to announce the award in late

September.

“Boeing has a deep appreciation for

the challenges soldiers face in Iraq and

Afghanistan and understands the critical

and urgent capability that EMARSS

will bring into theater,” said Dennis

Muilenburg, President and CEO, Boeing

Defense, Space & Security.

Th e EMARSS system will consist of a

commercial derivative aircraft equipped

with an electro-optic/infrared full

motion video sensor, a communications

intelligence collection system, an aerial

precision guidance system, line-of-

site tactical and beyond line-of-site

communications suites, two operator

workstations and a self-protection suite.

EMARSS will operate as a single platform

in support of tactical missions.

Radio with integrated GPS

EADS Defence

& Security

recently

introduced

its Fortecor

TEDS radio.

Designed for

vehicle, offi ce

or integrated use, the compact TEDS

data radio provides unprecedented

possibilities for integration and

connectivity. Th ese include the direct

IP (Internet Protocol) connectivity via

Ethernet as well as via standard USB. For

traditional use, input and output lines

as well as serial port connections are also

available.

Th e new radio with integrated GPS

enables high speed location based services

such as transmission of maps with

real-time updated position information

for enhanced situational awareness.

For example, the product can help a

rescue operation's leader receive fl oor

plans or real time video from the target

destination on his mobile computer.

"I'm proud of this major achievement:

delivering our promise and bringing the

world's fi rst TEDS radio available to the

market, a radio that transforms TETRA

to a mission critical data service," said

Dirk Borkchardt, Head of Security &

Communication Solutions at EADS

Defence & Security.

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geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Finmeccanica awarded EUR 180 million contracts

Finmeccanica has been awarded

contracts worth EUR 180 million

(approx) through its companies

SELEX Sistemi Integrati,

AgustaWestland and Telespazio.

As per the agreement, Finmeccanica

companies will develop a national

security and surveillance system for

the Republic of Panama, that is,

a coastal monitoring and control

system to be developed by SELEX

Sistemi Integrati and the supply

of six AgustaWestland AW139

helicopters in various confi gurations

for the Panamanian National

Aeronaval Service. In addition,

Telespazio, through its subsidiary

company Telespazio Argentina, will

provide the digital cartography of

the whole country for the Tommy

Guardia National Geographic

Institute.

Th e contract is the result of an

agreement signed by Italian Prime

Minister Silvio Berlusconi and

the President of the Republic of

Panama Ricardo Martinelli at the

summit of member countries of the

Central American Integration System

(SICA) recently. Th e two leaders

had agreed to work together in their

fi ght against organised crime and

drug-traffi cking.

Pier Francesco Guarguaglini,

Chairman and CEO of

Finmeccanica, said, “It constitutes a

reference model for the integration

of systems and platforms built by

the group that will aff ect the entire

Central and South American region

and is one of the most advanced

high-tech and commercial off er

in the world in the area of border

security and the fi ght against

organised crime.”

Lockheed to produce equipment for AMF JTRS

Lockheed Martin has received

additional contract options that increase

the quantity of equipment being

produced for the Airborne, Maritime/

Fixed Station Joint Tactical Radio

System (AMF JTRS). AMF JTRS is an

encrypted Internet-Protocol network

that will provide joint forces

with seamless, secure, wideband

mobile communications.

To date, the total for exercised

contract options for additional

AMF JTRS equipment is

approximately USD 35 million.

Under these options, exercised

by the US Army and the US

Air Force, Lockheed Martin

team will produce more than

150 pieces of additional equipment,

including pre-production small

airborne radio models, management

and control units, power amplifi ers and

radio ancillaries. Th e team includes

BAE Systems, General Dynamics,

Northrop Grumman and Raytheon.

Once completely fi elded, AMF JTRS

will link more than 100 platforms,

providing connectivity to areas where

no communication infrastructure

previously existed.

Since its capability is defi ned digitally

in software, and signal processing is

handled by a programmable computer,

AMF JTRS can interface with legacy

radios, waveforms and systems.

Waveforms slated to be integrated

into the AMF JTRS network include

Wideband Networking Waveform,

Soldier Radio Waveform, Mobile User

Objective System, UHF SATCOM,

Link-16, Single Channel Ground-Air

Radio System, HAVEQUICK I/II,

VHF FM, UHF line-of-sight AM, and

UHF FM/PSK/CPM.

Lockheed develops tactical handheld device

Lockheed Martin has developed a

ruggedised, tactical handheld device for

dismounted soldiers. Th e Tactical Digital

Assistant (TDA) provides unprecedented

situational awareness, command

and control, and blue force tracking

capabilities to brigade and below forces.

TDA allows dismounted soldiers to

maintain secure communications and

exchange vital position and situational

awareness data with mounted forces in

an operational environment. Its intuitive

user interface supports shared full motion

video and sensor command and control.

Unlike similar commercial technology, the

TDA’s ruggedised design can withstand

harsh operational environments.

Th e TDA interfaces with both fi elded

US Army Force XXI Battle Command

Brigade and Below (FBCB2) and

emerging Joint Battle Command-

Platform systems. An open architecture

provides fl exibility for future growth,

including new applications and increased

memory requirements. Th e TDA is

compatible with current FBCB2 software

and provides the fl exibility to host the

Google Android operating system.www.

fi nme

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July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Northrop selected for Joint Logistics System

Northrop Grumman has received

a delivery order under the Encore

II contracting vehicle to advance

interoperability between combat support

(CS) and command and control (C2)

systems and produce an integrated

picture of the battlespace for the

combatant command and joint task force

commanders to plan, execute and control

logistics operations.

Northrop Grumman was awarded a

cost plus award fee/fi rm fi xed-price

delivery order contract from the Defense

Information Systems Agency (DISA) with

the initial award of USD 15 million and

options that, if exercised, would raise the

total value to more than USD 95 million.

Th e contract has one-year base period and

four one-year award terms.

Under the contract, Northrop Grumman

will manage development and continue

transitioning the GCSS-J application to

a service-oriented architecture to improve

capabilities and provide dynamic

interoperability, allowing information

sharing in near-real time, between joint

CS and C2 systems including Network

Centric Enterprise Services (NCES).

Its team will develop software and as

system integrator, integrate third-party

developed software, commercial-off -the-

shelf software, and open source software

onto a secure data center system.

Th e team will also incorporate legacy

data sources to provide joint logistics

situational awareness in a common

knowledge management environment.

Harris selected for MET programme

Harris Corporation has received an order

for advanced satellite terminals under the

US Army's Modernisation of Enterprise

Terminals (MET) programme. Th e order

is worth USD 55 million.

According to company, these

next-generation military satellite

communications terminals will provide

the worldwide backbone for high-priority

military communications and missile

defense systems.

Harris is the prime contractor for the

Indefi nite Delivery/Indefi nite Quantity

MET contract with a fi ve-year base period

plus a fi ve-year option period. Th e MET

contract is valued at a potential USD 600

million, including the base and option

periods. Th is brings total MET orders

for Harris to USD 153 million since the

programme was awarded in April 2009.

Under this contract, Harris will supply

additional terminals — large fi xed

terminals, large fi xed terminals with

High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse

(HEMP) protection, and transportable

terminals of the standard and hardened

confi gurations. Th e order also includes

four options that would encompass new

development of a small fi xed terminal,

a large fi xed radome, an enhanced

interactive electronic technical manual,

and training simulation hardware.

Under the MET programme,

managed by the Project Manager,

Defense Communications and Army

Transmission Systems (PM DCATS),

Harris will replace up to 80 AN/

GSC-52, AN/GSC-39, AN/FSC-

78 and other aging strategic satellite

communications terminals with new

X-band or simultaneous X- and Ka-band

terminals. Th e terminals will interface

with the new Wideband Global Satellite

constellation, as well as with legacy

satellite systems. Th e company also

will support fi eld activities such as site

preparation, installation, test, operations

and maintenance.

Integral Systems awarded US contract

Integral Systems recently announced

that its wholly-owned subsidiary,

RT Logic has been awarded USD

13.1 million, multi-year contract

by the United States Government

to modernise a major data

communications network.

AAVs upgraded

Parvus recently announced that its DuraMAR 1000 routers and DuraNET

2955 Ethernet switches are now installed in an Amphibious Assault Vehicle

(AAV) in support of a SPAWARSYSCEN Atlantic / US Navy technology refresh

programme to enhance onboard vehicle network-centric capabilities. Th e units

were shipped last year.

Both the DuraMAR and the DuraNET 2955 Ethernet switch subsystems are

ruggedised versions of Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) Cisco Systems 3230

and 2955 Series products. Th ese units leverage best in class mobile network

routing and Ethernet switch technology from Cisco to deliver secure data, voice

and video communications to stationary and mobile network nodes across wired

and wireless networks and/or in-vehicle network communications. Both units

feature a hardened aluminum chassis with MIL-C-38999 connectors and MIL-

STD-810F environmental compliance to extreme temperature, shock, vibration,

and other conditions common to military deployments.

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geoIntelligence July – August 2010

RT Logic will supply its T500MX

multiplexers, which are designed to

interface legacy digital and analog signals

to modern network backbones.

RT Logic's COTS server-based multiplexer

systems are widely deployed by NASA, the

Department of Defense (DoD) and other

critical availability networks.

Intergraph expands its platform

Intergraph has expanded its Motion

Video Exploitation solution, a powerful

platform that enables defence and

military analysts to geospatially integrate

video with multiple intelligence sources

to provide situational awareness and

actionable intelligence.

Intergraph GeoMedia Motion Video

Analyst Professional, a full-motion video

analysis product, empowers military,

coalition forces and agencies to exploit

and analyse full motion video from UAVs

and other moving vehicles, and combines

with image analysis and surface analysis

products to provide unprecedented

situational awareness and strategic

decision making capabilities.

Th e Motion Video Exploitation solution

allows users to geospatially integrate

full-motion video with multiple sources

of intelligence data and facilitates

the analysis of all types of geospatial

intelligence including raster maps, vector

data, motion video, satellite imagery and

signal intelligence. Additionally, users’

clipmarks and annotations are stored

within the system allowing for easy

retrieval, based on a query of location,

time or any attribute of the video.

With the Motion Video Exploitation

solution, agencies can integrate and fuse

full motion video with other data formats

to generate a complete, three-dimensional

operational picture.

CapRock wins USD 47 million contracts

CapRock Government Solutions has been

awarded four multimillion dollar contracts

to provide managed network services

and more than 400MHz of commercial

satellite capacity to four separate US

Government agencies. Th e contracts run

through 2013 and include requirements

for bandwidth, teleport and backhaul

services on Ku and X-band networks.

Services provided by CapRock will be

used to support a range of missions

including airborne intelligence,

surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR),

tactical fi eld-deployed communications

and continuity of operations. Th e

company manages a network of 4GHz

of capacity on 63 satellites and operates

four self-owned teleports in North and

South America, Europe, and Asia. To

support the global operations of its

clients, the company runs eleven regional

support centers and four Network

Operations Centers in diff erent parts of

the world.

CapRock offers its comprehensive

value-added products and services

under a variety of contract vehicles

including all four current satellite

services contracts (DSTS-G, GSA,

INMARSAT and SATCOM-II) that

will eventually fold into the upcoming

Future Commercial Satcom Acquisition

(FCSA) programme.

SAIC awarded Technology Expertise Contract

Science Applications International

Corporation (SAIC) has been awarded

a contract by the US Department of

Defense (DoD), Defense Technical

Information Center (DTIC), to

provide technical services to help secure

mission critical data and strengthen

sharing capabilities of DoD and other

government agencies. Th e multiple award,

indefi nite-delivery, indefi nite-quantity

contract has a one-year base period of

performance, four one-year options and a

ceiling value of USD 2 billion.

Under the Software, Networks,

Information and Modeling and

Simulation contract, the SAIC SNIM

Team, inclusive of key large and small

businesses and academic centers of

excellence, will deliver software data

and analysis, information assurance,

modelling and simulation, knowledge

management and information sharing

services.

"SAIC has a long history of providing

support to research, development, and

test and evaluation activities," said Larry

Cox, SAIC Senior Vice President and

Raytheon to advance Patriot capabilities

Raytheon has been awarded a contract

to supply spares for the existing Patriot

systems. Th e agreement is part of

upgrades to Confi guration-3 of the

Patriot Air and Missile Defence System

for Taiwan and Kuwait.

Th e contract, worth USD 73 million,

is the fi rst of its kind for international

Patriot partners and combines the spares

requirements of both countries, Taiwan

and Kuwait. Th e spares will support the

upgrade and operation of existing Patriot

systems fi elded by both countries.

Th is deal from the US Army

and Missile Command,

Redstone Arsenal, is the

fourth order placed as

part of a fi ve-year

Basic Ordering

Agreement for

Foreign Military Sales of Patriot-system

spares.

Raytheon IDS is the prime

contractor for both domestic and

international Patriot Air and

Missile Defense Systems and

system integrator for Patriot

Advanced Capability-3

missiles.

Cour

tesy:

Rayth

eon

11

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Business Unit General Manager. "Th e

services we provide under this contract

will support these important eff orts in

the defence community, and help meet

an expanding need to integrate, share and

secure data used to meet national security

objectives."

Esri and NGA form alliance

Esri and the National Geospatial-

Intelligence Agency (NGA) recently

announced the formation of a strategic

alliance to strengthen national

geospatial intelligence (GEOINT)

capabilities. Th e alliance will provide a

framework to advance the strategic goals

and objectives of the National System

for Geospatial Intelligence (NSG) in

Boeing begins fl ight-testing B-1

Boeing recently announced the

start of fl ight tests for a B-1 Lancer

bomber upgraded with new digital

avionics for the aft cockpit, including

a line-of-sight Link 16 data link.

Th e B-1 Fully Integrated Data Link

(FIDL) made its fi rst fl ight test at

Edwards Air Force Base, California.

Th e four-hour fl ight was conducted

by the US Air Force.

Th e crew successfully tested the Link

16 data link by sending and receiving

text messages and receiving virtual

mission assignment data such as target

coordinates for a weapon.

Link 16 adds line-of-sight capability

to the B-1's existing beyond line-

of-sight Joint Range Extension

Applications Protocol (JREAP) data

link, and integrates the JREAP data

onto new, full-colour displays with

intuitive symbols and moving maps.

"Link 16 will allow the B-1 to be

an active participant in a network

that is commonly used by fi ghter,

reconnaissance and command-and-

control aircraft," said Mark Angelo,

B-1 programme manager for Boeing.

"With Link 16, target coordinates

can be sent directly to the weapon

system from ground troops or

forward operating bases, instead

of the current method, where crew

members type the coordinates in by

hand after hearing them over the

radio."

Th e entire Air Force fl eet of 66 B-1s is

expected to receive the FIDL upgrade.

geospatial sciences and systems and

computer science.

“We have successfully collaborated with

the NGA for more than two decades,” said

Jack Dangermond, Esri president. “Th is

new initiative will permit us to continue

work together on projects that will use and

improve on geospatial technology, thereby

strengthening our country’s national

security. We are honoured to partner with

NGA in this important endeavour.”

The NSG is a unified community

of GEOINT experts, producers and

users organised around the goal of

integrating technology, policies,

capabilities, and doctrine to produce

GEOINT in a multi-intelligence

environment. The NGA, as the

functional manager for the NSG,

provides strategic thinking, guidance

and direction to the intelligence

community concerning all aspects

of GEOINT, from acquisition to

utilisation. The NGA collaborates

with its mission partners to ensure

that accurate and timely GEOINT is a

part of decision making and operations

where and when it is needed.

The agreement underscores the critical

role geospatial technology plays in

GEOINT within the national security

community, which provides geographic

information system (GIS) products,

services and analysis to intelligence

officers and decision makers.

www.

wikip

edia.

org

12

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Design for key subsystem completed

AAs leader for the Warfighter

IInformation Network –

TTactical (WIN-T) Increment 3

TTransmission Subsystem, Lockheed

MMartin has successfully completed

aan In Process Review (IPR) for the

ccritical design of the next phase

oof the Increment 3 Transmission

SSubsystem. Increment 3 continues

ddevelopment of the components

nneeded to meet the full range of

nnetwork capacity, security, and

ffull on-the-move capabilities for

tthe Army’s modular force. The

ttransmission subsystem provides

tthe foundation for the network’s

ddynamic capability to transfer

ddata over a highly dispersed, non-

cococoocococcc ntntntigigggggguouousus aarereaa.

Th is review assessed design

maturity of all hardware, software,

and fi rmware elements of the

Transmission Subsystem, which

includes advanced components

for both satellite and terrestrial

communications at-the-halt and

on-the-move (multi-channel radios,

antennas, and communications

waveforms). With the completion

of this IPR, the team moves

into the build and test phase

for the Transmission Subsystem

components that form the

tactical communications network.

General Dynamics C4 Systems

is the prime systems integrator

for WIN-T whose team members

ininclclududee LoLockckheheeded MMarartitinn,, BBAEAE

Systems, Harris Corporation, L-3

Communications, Cisco Systems

and Juniper Networks.

Th e WIN-T programme consists

of four increments. Increment 1

is the Army’s enterprise network

for deployed forces. Increment 2

enables initial mobile networking

for divisions, brigade combat teams,

battalions and companies. Increment

3 connects a three-tiered architecture;;

traditional line-of-sight, airborne

and satellites to provide a full suite

of mobile networking capabilities.

Increment 4 is envisioned to add

protected satellite transmission

capabilities for on-the-move and at-

ththe-e-hahaltlt oopepepppp raratitiononss.

13

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Satellites successfully track Interceptor

Th e Space Tracking and Surveillance

System (STSS) Demonstration

satellites, built by

Northrop

Grumman

and

Raytheon,

successfully

detected

and tracked

a two-stage Ground-Based Interceptor

(GBI) during a US Missile Defence

Agency fl ight test.

Tracking data generated by the

satellite sensors were transmitted

to the Missile Defense Integration

and Operation Center in Colorado

Springs, Colorado, which serves

as the ground station for the two

demonstration spacecraft.

Th e missile tracking capability

being demonstrated by the STSS

Demonstration programme will mature

technologies and concepts of operation

for an operational constellation. Th e

operational constellation will be designed

to enable earlier intercepts of threat

missiles in fl ight and to signifi cantly

improve the nation's missile defence

capabilities for its homeland, deployed

forces, friends and allies.

ARTEMIS for military use

Raytheon's hyperspectral imaging

sensor, ARTEMIS is being prepared

for a ‘fi rst-of-its-kind’ tactical military

role by the Air Force Space Command.

Th e company's Advanced Responsive

Tactically Eff ective Military Imaging

Spectrometer has successfully

completed its one-year experimental

mission aboard the Air Force Research

Laboratory's Tactical Satellite-3.

Based on the success of that mission,

Raytheon has been notifi ed that the

Air Force Space Command will take

control of TacSat-3 with the intent

to use ARTEMIS in an operational

capacity.

“Th e ARTEMIS hyperspectral

imager gives military commanders

an important new advantage in the

asymmetric battlefi eld,” said Bill Hart,

vice president for Raytheon Space

Systems. “ARTEMIS can detect various

man-made and natural materials, which

adds a fundamentally new capability

for the DoD.”

Unlike visible imagers, hyperspectral

sensors capture light across a wide

swath of the electromagnetic spectrum,

providing unprecedented spectral

detail. Th at spectral information

produces a distinct ‘signature’, which

can be compared against the spectral

signatures of known objects to rapidly

identify potential areas of interest.

Th e ARTEMIS hyperspectral imager

combines spectral information with

geo-location coordinates in an easy-to-

read map. Th is information is then sent

directly to troops on the ground in near

real time.

“Air Force Space Command looks

forward to taking ownership of the

TacSat-3 ARTEMIS system,” said Lt.

Col. Ryan Pendleton, Air Force Space

Command, Chief, Operationally

Responsive Space Integration. “We plan

to operationalise the system as soon

as possible to provide direct benefi t to

warfi ghters.”

TacSat-3 originated as part of the US

Department of Defense's operationally

responsive space initiative,

which seeks to give fi eld

commanders fl exible,

aff ordable options for

obtaining real-time

tactical surveillance data

from space. Aided by the

ORS Offi ce, and led by

the Air Force Research

Laboratory, the TacSat-3

programme was designed

to demonstrate the

feasibility of developing

and launching a military

payload within extremely

tight schedule and budget

constraints.

“TacSat-3 has been a

pathfi nder to explore

concepts of operation for future ORS

systems and demonstrates how great

things can be achieved on a small

budget and in a short time,” said Dr.

Peter Wegner, director of the Pentagon’s

ORS Offi ce. “It has also demonstrated

the utility of hyperspectral information

to benefi t soldiers, sailors, airmen and

marines around the world.”

Raytheon is discussing with several

government customers opportunities

for rapidly deploying additional

hyperspectral space sensors. “Based

on our experience on TacSat-3, we're

ready to build operational hyperspectral

systems like ARTEMIS quickly and

aff ordably,” said Hart.

www.

losan

geles

.af.m

il

14

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

BAE to open offi ce in Jordan

BAE Systems will open an offi ce in the

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to support

its ongoing business with the Jordanian

Armed Forces and collaborative activities

with the King Abdullah Design and

Development Bureau (KADDB).

Th e offi ce will complement the network

of offi ces the company operates across the

region and will be used as the focal point

for business in Jordan and neighbouring

countries. Th e offi ce is expected to be

fully operational by the end of the year.

Paramilitary receives GIS training

Th e Disaster Management Studies Centre,

Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University

(GGSIPU), New Delhi, recently completed

fi ve-day training course of paramilitary forces.

Th e course involved satellite data reading

and interpretation of GIS for areas and rocky

terrains. Th e batch comprised about 30 offi cers

mainly drawn from CRPF, ITBP and BSF. Th e

training is likely to benefi t paramilitary forces

who are fi ghting Naxals in the thick jungles

and other inhospitable terrains.

Currently, the CRPF, BSF and ITBP are

the three paramilitary forces engaged in

fi ghting Maoists and the lack of knowledge

of topography and geographical features are

hindering their operations.

Thales’s Satcom for Korea

Th ales and Samsung Th ales have been

selected by the German submarine

shipbuilder HDW as the providers

of the X-band Satcom Terminal for

the six Type 214 submarines to be

delivered to the Republic of Korea’s

Navy as part of the KSS II Batch 2

programme.

Th ales will export its most advanced

SATCOM technology for submarines

application to its partner, Samsung

Th ales, providing the key elements of

the outboard unit to be installed on

the top of the Type 214 SATCOM

communication mast. Th e Satcom

terminal delivers high tracking

performances even in extreme

environment. It also guarantees high-

level integrated communications,

off ering the latest innovations in terms

of data rate requirements for voice and

data transmission.

Th e delivered system is issued from

Th ales’s DIVESAT technology and

belongs to the second generation

of submarine Satcom Terminals

manufactured by Th ales. It is available

in two versions, one fi tted with a 40

cm antenna and the other fi tted with

a 75 cm antenna, both addressing the

market of new submarines as well as

the retrofi t market. Th e two of them

are capable of operation at diff erent

frequency bands (X, Ku, Ka or EHF)

and can deliver unprecedented data

throughput capabilities to navies,

worldwide. Th e DIVESAT solution

follows the former generation

introduced in the late 1980s, which

has demonstrated decades of trouble-

free operation.

www.

milit

aryp

hoto

s.net

15

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

India to invest USD 80 bn in defence: Report

India is likely to spend about

USD 80 billion on defence

acquisitions in the next fi ve

years (2010-15). While

developed economies like

the UK and the US are

cutting their expenditure

on defence in 2010-11,

India's spending in this

regard is budgeted at

USD32 billion. Th ese are

some of the fi ndings of the

report published by Deloitte.

"Th e sheer volume of planned

expenditure is expected to create

new opportunities for global

aerospace and defence (A&D)

companies, as total spending will

grow in absolute terms," said

Kumar Kandaswami, Deloitte

(India) Leader Manufacturing

Industry.

"Decrease in defence spending by

developed countries would require

smarter use of the remaining funds

in order to develop and deploy the

technologies needed to counter

more sophisticated adversaries,"

said General Charles Wald,

Deloitte LLP Director and Senior

Advisor to the A&D sector.

Th e report also noted that defence

companies are generating new

revenues from sources like mission

capability software integration,

battle space simulation, precision

engagement, threat identifi cation,

and energy and infrastructure

security, among others.

Praetorian and Savi join hands

Praetorian has contracted with

Lockheed Martin’s Savi Technology to

leverage Savi’s existing wireless cargo

tracking network in Pakistan.

Praetorian plans

to integrate

Savi’s real-

time

information into its own system as

a value-added service to improve

visibility on location, security and

condition of both defence and

commercial shipments transported

throughout the country. Savi’s software

is eff ective in performing these

functions as it can receive real-time

data from wireless monitoring devices

affi xed to containers or assets. Its

active Radio Frequency Identifi cation

(RFID) tags can be equipped with

sensors to monitor security breaches,

temperature or humidity, and can be

linked with Satellite Communications

or Global Positioning (GPS) systems to

provide continuous visibility anywhere,

anytime.

Andr

ei Gh

erga

r (ww

w.sx

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Robe

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www.

sxc.h

u)16

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

UK

Army gets new boss

General Sir Peter Wall will be the new

Chief of the General Staff . He will take

over from General Sir David Richards in

September this year.

Gen Wall joined the Army in 1974

with the Royal Engineers (RE) before

studying engineering at Cambridge. He

saw early service in Belize, Rhodesia,

Germany and Hong Kong. Staff

posts included Chief of Staff of 5

Airborne Brigade, a Military Adviser

post in MOD, Project Manager in

Abbey Wood, Chief of Staff of the

UK National Contingent HQ for Op

TELIC 1, and Deputy Chief of Joint

Operations (Ops) in the Permanent

Joint Headquarters. In July 2009 he

moved from Deputy Chief of the

Defence Staff (Operations) in MOD to

Commander-in-Chief Land Forces in

Wilton.

INDIA

Lt Gen Vinod Nayanar appointed DG Artillery

Lt Gen Vinod Nayanar, AVSM assumed

charge as Director General (Artillery) on

1 August, 2010. He took over from Lt

Gen KR Rao, PVSM, AVSM, VSM who

retired on 31 July 2010.

Lt Gen Nayanar held many prestigious

command and staff positions besides

serving in various capacities in counter

insurgency environment in J&K. While

at the Integrated Headquarters of

Ministry of Defence (Army), he served

in Directorate of Financial Planning and

Military Secretary Branch. Before taking

up his new assignment, Lt Gen Nayanar

was the General Offi cer in Commandant

School of Artillery.

PAKISTAN

Navy appoints commander logistics

Rear Admiral Khalid Amin is the new

Commander Logistics of the Pakistan

Navy (PN). Acccording to Daily

Times, Amin would be in charge of all

construction and repair facilities, logistic

units and depots.

Rear Admiral Amin, a graduate of the

PN War College and National Defence

College, Islamabad, was commissioned

in the engineering branch of the

navy in 1975. Since then, he has held

several command and staff positions,

including Captain Fleet Maintenance

Group, Fleet Marine Engineering

Offi cer, Director Ship Maintenance and

Repairs Assistant, Chief of Naval Staff

(Maintenance) and Managing Director

PN Dockyard. His major appointments

are Director General Defence Purchase

at Ministry of Defence Production and

Director General Maritime Technologies

Complex. In recognition of his services,

Amin has been awarded Sitara-i-Imtiaz

(Military).

PHILIPPINES

New army chief appointed

Major General Arturo B. Ortiz has been

appointed as the new commanding

general of the Philippine Army. Ortiz

took over from Lt. Gen. Reynaldo

Mapagu, who has been promoted as Vice

Chief of Staff of Armed Forces of the

Philippines (AFP). Ortiz is the 53rd chief

of the Army, the main force of AFP.

Prior to this appointment, Ortiz was the

Commander of the Special Operations

Command (SOCOM) of the Philippine

Army. A member of the Philippine

Military Academy (PMA), Ortiz has

received many medals – prominent among

them is the Medal for Valor, which he

received in 1990. Th e Medal of Valor is the

highest military award given by the AFP.

US

NGA gets new Director

Letitia A. Long has been appointed as the

new Director of the National Geospatial-

Intelligence Agency (NGA). Long succeeds

Vice Adm. Robert B. Murrett.

Th e Director of NGA serves as both the

DNI’s (Director of National Intelligence)

principal advisor and the Intelligence

Community’s functional manager for

geospatial intelligence.

Long began her federal civilian career with

the Navy in 1978 as a project engineer in

training with the David Taylor Research

Center. She then joined the staff of the

Director of Naval Intelligence where

she managed Intelligence Research and

Development programmes.

Long was selected into the senior

intelligence executive service in 1994.

For two years, she was on rotational

assignment from Offi ce of Naval

Intelligence (ONI) to the Defense

Intelligence Agency (DIA) as director of

military intelligence staff director. In 1996,

she joined DIA as the deputy director for

information systems and services. She was

also DIA’s fi rst Chief Information Offi cer.

She also served in the positions of deputy

director of Naval Intelligence (2000-2003)

and the director of Central Intelligence’s

Executive Director for Intelligence

Community Aff airs (1998-2000). Long

was the deputy under secretary of Defense

for Policy, Requirements and Resources

from 2003 until 2006. She most recently

served as the deputy director of the

Defense Intelligence Agency from 2006 to

2010.

www.

rusi.

org

NEW APPOINTMENTS

Cour

tesy:

NGA

17

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

INTERVIEW

Susan H. Meisner

Media Relations

Public Affairs Offi ce

National Geospatial-

Intelligence Agency

Th e United States romance with geospatial

world began almost a century back. It was

during World War I that aerial photography

was recognised as a major contributor in

gaining battlefi eld intelligence. Soon, it led to

the birth of a diff erent genre of information

combining the techniques of imagery

and mapping. Sensing the opportunity,

US military was quick to form dedicated

units to gather geographic intelligence or

geointelligence. So while army formed

Army Map Service (AMS) (which was later

renamed US Army Topographic Command

(USATC)), Air Force established its Map

Unit, which was renamed Aeronautical

Chart Plant (ACP) and gradually became

the US Air Force Aeronautical Chart and

Information Center (ACIC). It was only

Above: The InnoVision Directorate at NGA’s

Persistent Surveillance Lab provides a highly

collaborative and fl exible environment geared to

support multiple agencies. Pictured here is an

example of an immersive exploitation work station.

18

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Members of the Source Operations and Management

Directorate Global Positioning System offi ce monitor GPS

sensors worldwide

What is the role and activity of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)?

NGA is a US national intelligence and combat support

agency whose primary mission is to provide timely, relevant

and accurate geospatial intelligence, or GEOINT, in support

of national security objectives. GEOINT is earth-referenced

information about natural and man-made objects or events

with national security implications.

We were established as the National Imagery and Mapping

Agency in 1996 to integrate imagery intelligence and

mapping functions across the defence and intelligence

communities. In November 2003, the then-US President

George W Bush signed the FY 2004 Defense Authorisation

Bill authorising NIMA to become the National Geospatial-

Intelligence Agency, or NGA. Th e new name refl ected the

growing importance of GEOINT to national security and

thus, our agency's overall mission.

Our vision is to provide GEOINT in all its forms, and from

whatever source - imagery and geospatial - to ensure the

knowledge foundation for planning, decision and action.

We also strive to share our insight on intelligence challenges,

provide analytical services and solutions and create easily

accessible GEOINT that is tailored to our customers' needs.

What are the various levels at which geospatial technologies can be used in defence and internal security, and how?

Th e application of geospatial technologies in defence and

internal security includes foundation data (country and

city maps, digital elevation models, gravity data, global

positioning systems, maritime and aeronautical navigation)

in 1972 that the United States decided to

consolidate all its military mapping activities

under the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA).

With changing times and tremendous progress

in technology, a need was felt to centralise

responsibility for imagery and mapping. On 1

October 1996, National Imagery and Mapping

Agency (NIMA) was established by the National

Defense Authorisation Act for Fiscal Year 1997.

NIMA brought together diff erent organisations

involved in this sector – the DMA, the Central

Imagery Offi ce (CIO), and the Defense

Dissemination Programme Offi ce (DDPO),

and National Photographic Interpretation

Center (NPIC). Th e imagery exploitation,

dissemination and processing elements of

the Defense Intelligence Agency, National

Reconnaissance Offi ce and the Defense Airborne

Reconnaissance Offi ce were also merged into

NIMA.

Post 9/11, strengthening intelligence network

for securing homeland became one of the top

priorities of the US government. Recognising

the importance of geospatial intelligence or

GEOINT in this sector, the then-US President

George W Bush in 2003 signed the FY 2004

Defense Authorisation Bill authorising NIMA

to become the National Geospatial-Intelligence

Agency, or NGA. NGA, which is a part of the

Department of Defense (DoD), is now a key

component of the United States intelligence

community. Its primary mission is to aid the

security agencies by collecting, analysing and

distributing geospatial information. Located

at Bethesda, Maryland, NGA operates major

facilities in Washington and Missouri and has

liaison offi ces worldwide.

19

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

An instructor works with a US Navy sailor learning about imagery analysis in the

Community Geospatial Intelligence Analysis Course

NGA is a US national

intelligence and combat

support agency whose

primary mission is to provide

timely, relevant and accurate

geospatial intelligence, or

GEOINT, in support of national

security objectives.

and world-wide situational awareness and treaty monitoring

(focusing on emerging areas like commercial electro-optical

imagery and airborne sensors, including full-motion video

and motion imagery exploitation). NGA is also active in

pursuing new geospatial technologies.

One of our research and development priorities is exploiting

new radar sensor technologies such as those operating with

diff erent polarisations to provide another layer of information

to better characterise, visualise and detect various targets and

terrain. NGA is currently engaged in a commercial synthetic

aperture radar pilot project with the University of Miami's

Center for Southeastern Tropical Remote Sensing facility to

employ advanced polarimetric SAR analysis and visualisation

tools to help analysts characterise terrain, discriminate

vegetative and man-made features and other aspects.

With NGA developing imagery and map-based solutions for national defence and homeland security, what are the key criteria for developing these solutions?

Th e critical criteria for these solutions are the availability

of appropriate technology and a skilled workforce. Today's

sensors provide an unprecedented level of geospatial data,

that when exploited eff ectively, can provide valuable

insight on key national and homeland security issues. Th ey

allow NGA to create geospatial data layers, which may

include military and security information, weather and

terrain features. Th ese data layers, combined with available

intelligence, create the critical pieces of GEOINT. Th ey

provide decision makers and operational commanders’

unparalleled advantages and a nuanced situational awareness

that was previously unavailable.

People, through expertise, fuse those data layers to create

actionable intelligence and strategic insight. Th e ability

to fuse, and apply expertise, represents the unique value

proposition NGA brings to national security. GEOINT

analysts understand these data and the corresponding

geography, people, tactical challenges and strategic

implications. Th at understanding is the element that

transforms raw data into intelligence, or GEOINT. Th is

combination has proven, time-and-again, to be a highly

eff ective tool in mitigating threats. Of course, no analyst

can tackle any challenge alone. Collaboration among people

who share our mission and concerns has proven a critical

prerequisite for eff ective solutions. NGA

goes beyond imagery and maps to generate

intelligence that helps decision makers.

While geospatial technologies are playing a key role in how modern warfare is fought, its importance cannot be negated during peace time. How can technologies be used for military and internal security preparedness?

Th e Director of National Intelligence defi nes

the vision for the intelligence community

in terms of a globally networked enterprise

supporting the mission of creating decision

advantage. We see the National System

for Geospatial Intelligence continuing to

grow as a unifi ed community of GEOINT

professionals that will provide the critical

answers to the situational questions of what,

where, and when in delivering the decision

advantage. Our analysts already provide

an excellent level of situational awareness,

20

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

but our security threats have been, and will continue to

be, more complex. To maintain the edge in our ability to

address these threats, we will have to focus on growing and

operating as a cohesive community both within the National

System for Geospatial Intelligence and the Intelligence

Community. To do this, we will keep strengthening our

traditional alliances and continue to establish new ones

not only within our community, but also going beyond to

international, academic, industrial and other new sources for

partnerships.

Th is new and stronger GEOINT community will benefi t

from the insights brought by this enhanced collaboration.

Th is will open the potential for new and better means

for communications and information sharing and

dissemination. Our access and ability to use new and

diverse collection sources is also increasing with our new

partnerships. Our access to commercial and airborne

sources, along with new and leading edge phenomenology is

increasing in ways we would never have predicted. All these

activities are coming together to give us future opportunities

to grow as an intelligence community.

To achieve this vision, we need to start now. Some of our

ongoing and near-term activities are:ttttt- Continue to

deploy our personnel forward, ensuring a GEOINT presence

throughout the IC and with the warfi ghter.

- Lead the community in establishing multi-intelligence

operations throughout the NSG community.

- Continue to strengthen NSG governance to ensure

the sum of our parts produces better intelligence than

each of our US and Commonwealth partners produce

individually.

- Continue to work with our mission partners to

aggressively capture, integrate and manage

all traditional and non-traditional GEOINT

sources and phenomenology.

- Integrate all airborne sources with other

GEOINT sources.

- Continue to build an adaptive multi-skilled

workforce, with a commitment to diversity, by

implementing the human development strategic

workforce plan.

- Establish and enforce standards and architecture

to ensure full interoperability across the

GEOINT community.

Any intelligence activity involves several elements like imagery and various kinds of geospatial information. How important are standards and interoperability in such a scenario and how do you address it?

Geospatial intelligence standards consist of

technical specifi cations or other precise criteria

to be used consistently as rules, guidelines or

defi nitions of characteristics of GEOINT to ensure

that materials, products, processes or services are fi t for the

analysis and visual representations of physical features and

geographically referenced activities on the Earth.

Th e National Center for Geospatial Intelligence Standards

(NCGIS) is the coordinating organisation within the

National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency that is responsible

for setting and implementing GEOINT standards

management policies for NGA and the national system for

geospatial intelligence community. NCGIS was established

to ensure a coordinated standards-based approach to

achieving data/system interoperability, implement

collaborative business practices, and act as an advocate

for the needs of NGA and the NSG community. Th rough

strategic planning and architecture-based analysis, the

NCGIS strives to optimise agency resources as it implements

a comprehensive enterprise-wide standards management

policy.

Th e NCGIS sponsors the Geospatial Intelligence Standards

Working Group, a NSG community forum that addresses

the latest standards issues that are critical to achieving the

systems interoperability necessary for mission success. An

NSG-wide plan for standards and continued involvement

of NSG community are crucial to the development and

implementation of standards that enable the sharing of

timely, relevant and accurate geospatial intelligence.

Kindly elaborate on the global support provided by you. Does that extend to Asia?

NGA is spearheading an eff ort to establish GEOINT

standards, concepts and procedures to enhance its support

to humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR)

Members of US Military use an NGA product to plan a convoy route in Iraq

21

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

NGA is spearheading an

effort to establish GEOINT

standards, concepts, and

procedures to enhance its

support to humanitarian

assistance and disaster relief

(HADR) activities, particularly

in the Asia-Pacifi c region.

activities, particularly in the Asia-Pacifi c region. NGA

provides annual GEOINT training related to HADR.

GEOINT professionals from Singapore, Th ailand, and

Taiwan have attended this training. Collaborative initiatives

with Singapore are underway to enhance US-Singapore

interoperability and increase our ability to provide a timely

response in the event of a crisis in the region. NGA is also

working closely with Th ailand's Geo-Informatics and Space

Technology Development Agency to promote the use of

GEOINT for HADR-related activities.

NGA's partnership with Taiwan spans over 30 years when

our predecessor organisation, the Defense Mapping Agency,

exchanged maps and charts with their counterparts in

Taiwan's Ministry of National Defence. Th is was done

through the America Institute in Taiwan (AIT) and the

Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Offi ce

(TECRO). NGA continues to have an active geospatial

exchange with Taiwan and an annual GIS conference to

discuss future initiatives.

NGA has a newer relationship with our Mongolian

counterparts. Our bilateral exchange and cooperation

agreement was signed in 2004. Since that time, we have

exchanged topographic data and performed several

cooperative gravity surveys with the Mongolians.

NGA analysts discuss details for mission operations in Ethiopia

22

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Vishal Dhupar

Managing Director

Symantec India

Vishal_Dhupar@symantec.com

In today’s competitive world, protecting data is one

of the major challenges before an organisation. Chief

Information Security Offi cer (CISO) can be a possible

solution

As cyber criminals loom large, it has become imperative for enterprises to

give emphasis to security solutions, especially with regard to confi dential

information such as customer data, intellectual property, trade secrets and

proprietary corporate data.

With the availability of a multitude of platforms and the ever increasing number

of mobile workforce - accessing information on the go, the risk of data breaches

and its fi nancial impact on organisations is now higher than ever before.

Ponemon’s1 2009 “Global Cost of a Data Breach” report revealed that the

average cost of a data breach incident in the US last year was USD 6.75 million,

compared to the international average of USD 3.43 million; which roughly

breaks down to USD 204 per compromised record. Th ese are alarming facts!

Th ere has been a surge in the number of employees who access, receive,

and store a company’s confi dential data, customer data, regulated data and

intellectual property, due to which, data protection and threat response has

become extremely challenging in today’s business scenario.

SECURITY 23

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

A key solution to counter this serious threat to data loss is to

recruit a Chief Information Security Offi cer (CISO) in addition

to investing in security solutions, to provide companies with

the best IT security outcomes. CISO primarily monitors

employees’ cyber behaviour within an organisation and ensures

that breach of company-related sensitive information is

annulled.

Cyber attacks plague Indian enterprises

Results from Symantec’s 2010 State of Enterprise Security

study shows that Indian enterprises perceive cyber attacks as

a bigger threat than terrorism or natural disasters. Th is isn’t

surprising, considering that 100 per cent of the surveyed

Indian enterprises reported a loss of revenue due to loss of

customer and employee data, and 81 per cent reported a

direct fi nancial cost due to the spate of cyber attacks targeted

at them. Moreover, 59 per cent of Indian enterprises felt that

employee-owned endpoints compromised security.

The seminal cause of data breaches

To eff ectively prevent a data breach, it is important to

identify the source from which it emerges. Th e anatomy

of data breaches point fi gures at three primary sources of

data breach - targeted attacks by malicious outsiders, well-

meaning insiders and malicious insiders. Many a time, an

attack could be the result of a combination of these factors.

Often times, breaches are witnessed due to negligence or

ignorance on the part of the employee, to comply with

internal security policies.

Saved by the CISO!

According to the IDC study, the state of data loss in Indian

enterprises, sponsored by Symantec (2009), over 50 per

cent of information in Indian enterprises is classifi ed as

confi dential. Th us, to prevent data loss, organisations need

to not only invest time in educating employees about

Companies inclined towards

hiring and retaining a `named

CISO' are evidently more

successful than those that

merely hire a manager of

information security

the security policies in the system, but they also need to

create a position for CISO, who will ensure the consistent

implementation of those policies.

Information security has always been a top priority for

enterprises. Th is is evident from the fact that a lot of

organisations have joined the bandwagon of companies

that have appointed a CISO to be in charge of the day-to-

day security operations, and most importantly, to strategise

the company’s growth plans. Th is appears to be a growing

positive trend given that 44 per cent of companies employed

a CISO in 2009 compared to 29 per cent in 2008, according

to 2010 PriceWaterhouseCoopers survey.2

CISOs contribute to success in organisations

Recent studies have shown that companies that have roped-

in CISOs are reaping the benefi ts of enhanced and assured

data protection, as compared to organisations that have shied

away from this cyber crime buster.

Within the industry, it is gradually being proven that

companies experiencing the best outcomes manage their

information security function through a CISO, who reports

to a senior Chief Information Offi cer (CIO). Such enterprises

have become more competent by implementing standardised

procedures based on frameworks (for example, ISO, HIPAA,

CobiT, PCI), automating these procedures and controls, and

measuring, assessing and reporting risks on a regular basis.

Th e fi nal outcome of such companies is lower audit spend,

reduced data theft and higher customer retention. As a result,

these organisations garner larger profi ts, higher revenues and

higher levels of business productivity from IT.

CISOs: Risk-reducing factor

It has been noticed that companies inclined towards hiring and

retaining a ‘named CISO’ are evidently more successful than

24

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

those that merely hire a manager of information security, who

performs similar duties. Th e IT Policy Compliance Group

found that companies with a named CISO are 10 times more

likely to experience loss or theft of customer data.

In contrast, organisations where the information security

function is managed at lower levels by systems and network

administrators, or by managers in IT operations, are 4-8 times

more likely to be among those with signifi cantly higher rates

of data loss and theft.

In addition, the best performing organisations (with CISOs)

manage business productivity and risks by using policies and

targets for minimum acceptable downtime and maximum

acceptable risks, as well as measuring, assessing and reporting

on risks daily, weekly and monthly.

CISOs make companies cost-effective

Companies with named CISOs are the most successful and

experience less fi nancial exposure from data loss and theft,

along with reductions in risk.

Findings of studies conducted by the IT Policy Compliance

Group show that organisations with best outcomes spend

0.4 per cent of revenue on data loss exposure, as compared to

companies with worst outcomes, which spend 9.6 percent of

revenue on costs related to data loss.

Th e need for CISOs is not just an IT need but a business

one also CISOs highlight the importance of viewing

security as part of the business process, rather than just an

IT problem. In most organisations vexed with high rates

of data loss and theft, security is left solely to be managed

by IT operations without proper oversight and control.

Companies with the best business outcomes manage

information security at a higher level, as a quality-controlled

function, that involves automation of policies, procedures

and controls.

According to the IT Policy and Compliance Group, an average of

two-thirds (66 percent) of procedures related to the information

security and assurance function are fully automated among the

organisations with the best outcomes. In contrast, the worst

performing organisations automate less than one-third (33

percent) of procedures and technical controls.

In addition, the best performing organisations also automate

measurement and reporting of key risks, controls and indicators

on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; versus the worst

performing organisations which assess and report only once every

fi ve months.

On the whole, CISOs contribute to better business results

by ensuring proper implementation of security measures, by

standardising and automating procedures and by taking a

strategic role within the organisation to make information

security a part of the business process.

Th e Indian enterprises need to sit up and act now. Th e Symantec

Enterprises Security Survey 2010 states that the average

revenue lost by Indian enterprises due to cyber attacks was INR

58,59,234 in 2009. Th is should annul all doubts on whether

Indian enterprises need a CISO or not.

In this era of information explosion where cyber attacks and

cases of privacy invasion are on the rise, the role of the CISO will

become increasingly vital in Indian enterprises.

A CISO is akin to the modern day cyber crime buster and

enterprises need to have one in their armour.

References1 Global Cost of a Data Breach, 2009, Ponemon Institute

2 The Global State of Information Security Survey, 2010, PriceWaterhouseCoopers

25

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Sowmya Gopal

Radar Scientist

Intermap Technologies GmbH

sgopal@intermap.com

Border surveillance is a major concern for security agencies around the world. Interferometric

synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) helps make data collection across border areas feasible.

IFSAR

Digital elevation models (DEMs) are widely used

not only in the traditional mapping world but

increasingly in support of new applications that are

driven by consumer interests. In this new environment,

the required levels of detail and accuracy of DEMs

vary according to their applications, and are major

considerations for the user, many of whom come from

outside the GIS industry.

An additional consideration is that some applications,

to be eff ective, transcend local political boundaries and

require uniform datasets across regional, national and even

continental scales.

Need for a Homogeneous and Accurate Countrywide DEM

Although, there are a number of terrain elevation datasets

available today, many have been created over different

periods of time with different data acquisition systems and

hence, different resolutions. So, the resulting patchwork

dataset is not practical for applications requiring DEMs

that span across countries or even continents because of

inconsistencies and artifacts like voids, seam lines across

boundaries and borders, etc.

Figure 1 illustrates the importance of accurate and

detailed elevation data for modelling applications like

a flood induced by a storm surge. In this example,

a Katrina-like event is applied to Miami. Note the

differences between a simulation based on NEXTMap®

data (left) and the prediction prepared by Federal

Emergency Management Association (FEMA) based

on the USGS NED elevation data (right). One area

(indicated by red circles) of the FEMA prediction

overestimates the inundation by 50 per cent, while it also

misses an entire area that would be inundated through the

26

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

IFSAR: A Cost-effective Solution for Mapping Countries and Continents

With IFSAR, height information for a scene is obtained

using two antennae in single-pass mode. SAR signals,

however, interact with the terrain and thus measure the

distance to first-surface features. The DEM created from

an IFSAR system is essentially a first-surface DEM, also

known as digital surface model (DSM). The digital terrain

model (DTM), representative of the earth’s terrain, is

obtained by editing the DSM using a semi-automated

process during which all man-made and vegetation

features are removed. This process is extremely challenging

and labour-intensive, and requires classification of terrain

(based on land cover), a set of editing rules to handle

hydrological, road features, etc., and a quality control

process to ensure that the output DTM is accurate and

consistent across borders and boundaries.

Intermap has mapped more than 10 million sq. km in the

United States and Western Europe at 1m vertical accuracy

with its NEXTMap® programme and over 2 million sq.

km in Asia and S.E.Asia.

channel at the bottom of the image (yellow circle).

A similar example is the integrated coastal zone

management project in India, which has elevation as one

of the three main requirements. Elevation information

will be used along with the available tidal observation

information over the past 50 and 100 years (where

available) to generate a hazard line. Having an accurate

and homogeneous DEM is extremely important for such

a project.

Geospatial Mapping Technologies

Geospatial mapping technologies have come a long way

from ground surveying to state-of-the-art airborne and

spaceborne systems. Figure 2 illustrates the different

technologies available today.

Photogrammetry is a passive system, dependent on

sunlight and good weather. When considering active

systems like light detection and ranging (LIDAR) and

interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR), the

former is useful for mapping small regions with high

accuracies, while IFSAR is suitable for extremely large

regions. IFSAR is scalable and particularly cost-effective

while still providing data with an accuracy that is

significantly higher than that from satellite SAR systems.

IFSAR is also free of cloud cover because of its ability to

see through clouds, haze, fog, etc.

When compared to spaceborne alternatives, single-

pass airborne systems using Intermap Technologies®’

proprietary X-Band IFSAR technology have more

flexibility as well as weather-independent system

deployment, higher spatial resolution, and a lesser degree

of influence from the atmosphere and temporal target

changes.

Figure 1: Effect of DEM Accuracy on Flood Modelling

Figure 2: Geospatial Mapping Technologies

The ability to penetrate

vegetation to see the ground

beneath the canopy as well

as to measure the vegetation

parameters is possible

using Polarimetric SAR

interferometry (PolInSAR).

27

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

the parallax between two stereo radar image pairs.

With the availability of relatively high-resolution

radar imagery from the TerraSAR-X and other modern

satellites, the creation of DEMs meeting DTED (digital

terrain elevation data) L2 accuracy is made possible.

This is accomplished by using Intermap’s proprietary

TopoSAR radargrammetry software which has also been

tested on RADARSAT-2 as well as COSMO-SkyMed

imagery.

Defence and Internal Security applications

The IFSAR DEM can be used as an accurate base map

in orthorectification of imagery from multiple sources.

Orthorectification is the process of accurately registering

imagery to ground coordinates and geometrically

correcting it to remove distortions that happen during

image capture.

The accuracy of orthorectification heavily influences the

usability of imagery for surveillance as well as change

detection which helps detect encroachment in sensitive

areas like borders or in areas with oil/gas pipelines.

Figure 3: Scalable and Effi cient IFSAR Ultra

Long Line Acquisition. Left: a ULL block of

300,000 sq km from NEXTMap® Europe

Below: a ULL block of 480,000 sq. km from

NEXTMap® US.

With the aid of high resolution IFSAR systems, Intermap

now also has the ability to generate DEMs at 50cm

vertical accuracy.

Data acquisition is made cost-effective by means of

ultra long lines (ULL). The longer line lengths increase

the ratio between imaging versus non-imaging time by

reducing the number of aircraft turns at the end of the

lines. Within these ULL blocks, parallel flight lines are

planned according to the terrain. Sufficient overlap is

incorporated into the plan to ensure there are no gaps

in coverage between imaged swaths. Figure 3 shows two

sample ULL blocks: One in Europe that covers more than

half of France and another in the US that spans over four

states from North Dakota down to Kansas.

The acquired data is then processed in a semi-automated

production factory with a number of quality control steps

to ensure that the data meets the accuracy requirements.

The throughput of the system is 400,000 sq. km per

month. The whole workflow is ISO certified.

Military forces have a strong need for accurate base

maps and high-resolution images in sensitive areas like

Afghanistan, and IFSAR mapping has been used for these

areas. Figure 4 shows examples of orthorectified radar

images (ORI) of two different areas from Intermap’s

mapping campaign in Afghanistan. Afghanistan has

diverse topography ranging from rugged and mountainous

terrain to plains. The ORI shown in figure 4 has a pixel

size of 1.25m and a horizontal accuracy of 2m RMSE.

Radargrammetry

Airborne operations are not always possible in certain

restricted regions, and an attractive alternative method

for the production of DEMs is radargrammetry, in

which elevation information is obtained by measuring

28

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Figure 4: Orthorectfi ed Radar Imagery of Afghanistan - the

top image shows a sample of the mountainous terrain and the

lower image shows an urban area.

Figure 5 illustrates the errors (yellow arrows) due to

orthorectification of an air photo by USGS NED (left).

The accuracy of NEXTMap DEM (right) does not give

room to such errors.

Helicopter flight operations are particularly sensitive

to terrain slope for landing possibilities; accurate slope

information from DEMs can be valuable for determining

those areas, and, additionally for low-level flight mission

planning, particularly for special operations, in poor

visibility and unfamiliar terrain. An example scenario is

given in figure 6 (oveleaf ).

The difference between a paper map of the slope

analysis region (top right) and an accurate landing space

information (bottom right) can have a huge impact on a

mission critical operation. The figure also illustrates how

a DEM of lesser accuracy (bottom left), DTED L1, does

not provide comprehensive information as compared to

DTED L4.

Another important advantage of having accurate terrain

information for mission planning is the ability to do

a visibility analysis (line-of-sight or viewshed) for a

particular area before going in. This will help speed up

the decision-making process and improve the efficiency of

mission planning. Figure 7 shows an example of viewshed

(areas visible from the point of observation shown in red)

overlaid on an aerial photograph for easy interpretation.

Intelligence agencies are increasingly interested in the

ability of airborne sensors to map what is hidden beneath

vegetation. This ability to penetrate vegetation to see

the ground beneath the canopy as well as to measure the

Figure 5: Effect of DEM Accuracy on Image Orthorectifi cation

The accuracy of

orthorectifi cation heavily

infl uences the usability of

imagery for surveillance as

well as change detection

which helps detect

encroachment in sensitive

areas like borders or in areas

with oil/gas pipelines.

29

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Figure 6: DEM for Helicopter Landing Slope Analysis

Figure 7: DEM for Visibility Analysis

vegetation parameters is possible using Polarimetric SAR

interferometry (PolInSAR). This has gained much interest

in the scientific community over recent years, mainly due

to its potential to derive certain vegetation parameters.

From the intelligence standpoint, it has proved to be

capable of extracting paths and tracks, and certain kinds

of objects or structures, otherwise hidden by vegetation.

In combination with long wavelengths (L- or P-band) and

full polarimetric operation, the extraction of parameters

such as vegetation height and ground topography has been

investigated. Repeat pass operations are always hindered

by temporal decorrelation. This motivated Intermap

to build an experimental single-pass L-Band PolInSAR

system with an azimuth resolution of 1m and a slant-

range resolution of 1.1m.

Cost-effective and accurate surveillance for border security

is a concern for many nations, and the nature of the side-

looking geometry of IFSAR makes data collection across

sensitive country borders feasible.

IFSAR is scalable and

particularly cost-effective

while still providing data

with an accuracy that is

significantly higher than that

from satellite SAR systems.

It is also free of cloud cover.

30

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

IBM MAXIMO

IBM Maximo Asset and Service management

system is built to help organisations manage their

assets on a single software platform

I BM Maximo Asset and Service management system is an integrated

system that helps organisations manage their assets on a single

software platform. Built on a service-oriented architecture (SOA),

Maximo Asset Management delivers a comprehensive view of all

types of assets, their conditions and locations, and the work processes

that support them, to enable optimal planning, control, audit, and

compliance capability.

Maximo Asset Management lets us manage end-to-end asset operations

and business processes to deliver effi cient and eff ective services aligned

with our business goals. It provides a comprehensive and modular

approach to integrated asset control and visibility by providing an

enterprise platform for storing standardised data on asset histories to

help integrate people, processes, information and technology. Maximo

Asset Management off erings include tools, best practices and service

off erings for incremental value. Managing assets through Maximo

Asset Management gives business a competitive advantage.

Figure 1 shows architectural components of Maximo.

Diff erent components in the architecture are as follows:

Common Data Repository layer is used to defi ne and store all types

of assets, that is, production, facilities, transportation, Information

Technology etc. in one database.

Sanjay Ganjoo

Maximo Technical Sales Lead

IBM India

sganjoo1@in.ibm.com

Fig 1: IBM Maximo architectural layers

31

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

Business Process Engine / Workfl ow layer is used to defi ne

various global parameters and workfl ow rules that add an

element of automation to business processes.

Operational and IT Assets layer shows the various modules

in Maximo that users utilise to carry out business transactions

and are controlled by the parameters defi ned in the business

process layer.

Service Management layer has various applications for service

desk which are based on ITIL guidelines. Incident, problem,

change and release management are tightly integrated with

Asset and Work Management modules.

User Interface layer is the presentation layer that is used for

Maximo system. Maximo is a web-based system and users

with access rights can use Internet Explorer or Mozilla to

access Maximo.

Reporting and KPI layer is used to defi ne various reports

and key performance indicators (KPIs). By using the

Maximo Asset Management user interface, KPIs can

be established to monitor asset conditions and trigger

automated action based on changes. We can create, assign,

monitor, notify, and report on key process components

such as work orders, service desk tickets, and purchase

orders, including status, from start to fi nish. You can also

include attachments, such as maps, pictures, and URLs to

each record or task to further enhance communication and

productivity.

Integration layer is the framework that is used to integrate

Maximo with external enterprise or operational systems

including various GIS systems. Maximo Integration

framework is used to create adapters to communicate with

external systems. Th ere are some readymade adapters available

from IBM to integrate maximo with SAP, Oracle Financials,

MS-Project and Primavera.

IBM Maximo Spatial is developed by unifying IBM

Maximo with ESRI’s ArcGIS Server. It provides users with

visibility into complex GIS information. Th is solution

provides a geospatial context of work, assets and relevant

land-based features, which improves reliability, longevity

and effi cient work execution. While the integration of

asset and work management with GIS is not a new idea,

the technology approach taken by this solution, and its

capabilities represent a new level of innovation, usability

and business value. Combining the ArcGIS Server with

the Maximo asset management solution using standards-

based, service-oriented technology common to both

architectures, Maximo Spatial Asset Management makes the

power of desktop GIS directly available to enterprise asset

management users. It off ers a seamless user experience that

incorporates map-based user interfaces, dynamic access to

GIS data.

IBM Maximo Spatial is useful for the organisations that

have critical assets scattered geographically like utility,

energy, government and telecommunications. Such

organisations can get tremendous benefi ts by combining the

powerful features of Maximo and ArcGIS.

Maximo Spatial has a feature to write powerful queries to

get data from across the databases, thereby, eliminating the

need of duplicating data in both the systems.

Highlights of Maximo Spatial Asset Management

• It gives geospatial context for all types of assets and

locations and has the capability to convert street

addresses and similar location data into latitude/

longitude (GPS) coordinates, and vice versa.

• It can trace components of linear network assets spatially

taking into account the direction of “fl ow” of the gas,

water, electricity, etc. Th is is useful in determining which

customers will be aff ected by maintenance activities and

other service interruptions.

• It can support enhanced routing or route planning

capabilities by providing core GIS routing capabilities

Fig 2: Searching by Street address

Maximo Asset Management

lets us manage end-to-

end asset operations and

business processes to

deliver effi cient and effective

services aligned with our

business goals

32

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

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Utility, energy, transportation and telecommunication

organisations can get better visibility of their mission critical

assets which will give them more control over their assets. Th ey

can use the information to proactively attend to the assets and

avoid disruption in the services, which can result in customer

satisfaction and open up other avenues in the business.

Benefi ts of Geospatially Enabled Asset Management

• Organisations can reduce the cost by streamlining work

and use the resources economically.

• Equipped with better information than the tabular data,

organisations can take better informed decisions while

planning inspection or maintenance work in an area.

• Maps can increase the communication of organisations

with their customers in the event of natural calamities or

any other incident aff ecting their services.

• Maximo Spatial becomes the single source of information

of all departments for their geospatially enabled assets

eliminating the need to get data from diff erent sources

thereby avoiding the confl icting situations.

Fig: 3 Identifying work orders from Asset Application

in combination with rich asset management data such

as maintenance and other historical data.

• Th e asset management user interface is used for setting

the security in the system so that the data is accessible to

authorised users only.

• It provides the ability to view the aff ected location or

assets directly from the map and also allows users to create

Service Orders or Work orders.

• It provides the ability to check the status of various repair

work going on in an area.

• It also gives the ability of identifying other assets in the

vicinity of aff ected asset from the map, thereby, providing

planners with additional information to use the resources

optimally.

Usage Scenarios:

Maximo Spatial Asset Management can be used by various

organisations including government for better public

services and to increase public safety. Th is application can be

used by:

Call centers – Agents in the call center can locate the

troubled location and asset accurately from the map and can

quickly know if the same trouble was reported by anyone

else from the same locality. It will also help them in their

communication with the people of the area.

Government organisations to mobilise better resources in

case of natural calamities; and help them be in touch with

the citizens.

Government and public service organisations can plan their

work properly in any area without causing discomfort to

the people. Information from the maps can give them better

understanding about the usage of the assets like roads etc in

an area in a particular season, thereby, empowering them to

take proactive actions in future.

IBM Maximo Spatial provides

users with visibility into

complex GIS information. It

provides a geospatial context

of work, assets and relevant

land-based features, which

improves reliability, longevity

and effi cient work execution.

Fig 4: To check the status work in an area

34

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

August

13th Annual Space and Missile Defense Conference and Exhibition16-19 August, 2010HuntsvilleAlabamawww.smdconf.org/

World Space Biz 20102nd International Conference on Space Technology25-28 August, 2010BIECBengaluruIndia www.bsxindia.com

September INDESEC Expo 20106-8 September, 2010Pragati MaidanNew Delhi, Indiahttp://www.indesec-expo.com/

World Satellite Business Week6-10 September, 2010Paris, Francewww.satellite-business.com

Defense Health 2010 13-14 September, 2010Berlin, Germanywww.jacobfl eming.com/jacob-fl eming-group/conferences/defense/defense-health-2010

15th Australasian Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Conference (ARSPC)13-17 September, 2010Alice Springs, Australia www.15.arspc.com IQPC Cyber Security 201022-23 September, 2010 Hotel La PlazaBrussels, Belgium http://www.internationalcybersec.com/Event.aspx?id=306454

Africa Aerospace and Defence 2010 21-25 September, 2010 Cape TownSouth Africahttp://www.aadexpo.co.za

8th Annual Maritime Reconnaissance & Surveillance27-29 September, 2010Sheraton Roma Hotel & CCRome, Italyhttp://www.maritimerecon.com/Event.aspx?id=300654

Geospatial Intelligence Summit28-30 September, 2010 Vienna Intercontinental Vienna, Austriahttp://www.jacobfl eming.com/jacob-fl eming-group/conferences/defence/GEO?partner=defensemarket

Geospatial Def & Intelligence 28-30 September, 2010Kuala Lampur, Malaysia www.geospatialdefenceasia.com

International Port Security29-30 September, 2010Hilton BarcelonaBarcelona, Spainwww.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview.asp?is=16&ref=3520

October

Defence Exports4-5 October, 2010Crowne Plaza Hotel - Le PalaceBrussels, Belgiumwww.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview.asp?is=1&ref=3496

Counter IED and Force Protection6-7 October, 2010Copthorne Tara HotelLondon, UKwww.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview.asp?is=1&ref=3438

Platform Survivability 2010, 12-14 October, 2010 Frankfurt, Germanywww.platform-survivability.com/110/index.php?

Military Engineering Conference - Combat, Sustainment & Reconstruction18-19 October, 2010London, UKwww.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview.asp?is=1&ref=3499

CANEUS - Small Satellites 20-22 October, 2010Tuscany, Italy www.caneus.org/sharedsmallsats/default.aspx

GIS for National Security, Defence and Emergency Management Conference24-27 October, 2010Le Royal MeridienAbu DhabiUAEhttp://www.geospatialdefence.com/Event.aspx?id=322854

November

Global MilSatCom 20108-10 November, 2010Millennium Conference CentreLondonwww.globalmilsatcom.com

Unmanned Aircraft Systems 2010, Pursuing the Future of Unmanned Aircraft17-18 November, 2010Millennium Gloucester HotelLondon, UKwww.smi-online.co.uk/events/overview.asp?is=1&ref=3501

Map Africa 201023-25 November, 2010Cape TownSouth Africahttp://mapafrica.gisdevelopment.net

December

Underwater Battlespace APAC7-8 December, 2010Amara HotelSingaporewww.underwaterbattlespace.com/Event.aspx?id=348848&19226.001_defconfban%

January

Defence Geospatial Intelligence (DGI) 201124-27 January, 2011QEII CentreLondon, UKhttp://www.defenseconference.com/?p=315

EVENTS 35

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

CONFERENCE

GIS is steadily pushing its way into

India’s security corridors

The 26/11 Mumbai incident was a wake-up call

for India in many ways. First, the type of attack

and its intensity which took the world by surprise,

thereby exposing India’s vulnerability, lack of

preparedness and gaps in responding to emergency

situations. Second, it demonstrated that despite

India’s technological and economic advancement,

it is the country’s enemies which are adept at using

the technology in its war against India (the 26/11

Mumbai attackers had access to maps, GPS and

satellite phones).

Little wonder then that technology now takes centre

stage of every security-related issue in the country and

geospatial is the new mantra for security forces and

policymakers alike. To help understand the problems

of India’s security agencies and discuss possible solutions, a

two-day seminar on ‘Science and Technology for Homeland

Security 2010’ was organised by FICCI in New Delhi.

Th e event witnessed good participation from government,

industry, defence and security experts, intellectuals and

students.

Moderating the session on the ‘Role of ICT and GIS for

Homeland Security’, Rajesh Mathur, vice-chairman, NIIT-

GIS Ltd, explained the importance of ICT and GIS in

planning and operations of security agencies.

Elaborating further, Dr Aniruddha Roy, Vice President –

Strategic Business Group (GIS), Navayuga Engineering

Company Ltd, said, “Naxalism is one of the major security

threats India is facing now. Geospatial technology can help

us understand the history and geography of this problem

and suggest ways to tackle the menace.”

Th e government has already begun training the paramilitary

forces in the use of GIS and related technologies. Recently, a

fi ve-day training course involving satellite data reading and

interpretation of GIS for smooth areas and rocky terrains

was held for offi cers of CRPF, ITBP and BSF. Th e training

is likely to benefi t the forces fi ghting Naxals in the thick

jungles and other inhospitable terrains.

BSF has taken a lead role

in incorporating geospatial

technology for effective

border management

- K Srinivasan, DIG Intelligence, BSF

Meanwhile, Forces are also being trained to use this

technology in maintaining a vigil on the borders. K

Srinivasan, Deputy Inspector General – Intelligence, BSF

said, “BSF has taken a lead role in incorporating geospatial

technology for eff ective border management.” He drove

home the point by presenting slides of photographs of

India-Pakistan and India-Bangladesh borders, explaining the

problems BSF faces in manning these borders and how GIS

is solving their problems. For example, he talked about how

the changing course of rivers in eastern India makes it

Rajesh Mathur of NIIT-GIS Ltd. chairs the session on the ‘Role of

ICT and GIS for Homeland Security’ at FICCI seminar

36

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Aditi Bhan

Assistant Editor

diffi cult to ascertain the exact border with Bangladesh. “We

are now using geospatial technology to solve that problem,”

said Srinivasan. He, however, accepted that data sharing is a

problem for security forces as security concerns sometimes

prevent them from sharing all information with solution

providers.

His views were substantiated by Anup Jindal, Executive

Director, RMSI. “Eff ectiveness of GIS can improve eff ective-

ness of security agencies.” He added, “Swarm of attacks will

be the trend among terrorists in future. If we want to prevent

26/11-like attacks, we need to study them and that can only

be done using geospatial technology. It is an enabler for such

analysis. We need geospatial technology to help us plan

beforehand for any such eventuality but the biggest hin-

drance for such mitigation activity is availability of data.” He

further said, “Th ough data is available with the government,

various government departments hold propriety over it and

getting them to share data is a huge task.”

Taking the discussion further, Dr Roy said, “We need spatial

data infrastructure to facilitate data sharing. Th ough work is

on in this direction, the pace is quite slow.”

Stressing on the need for India to pick up pace in this

sector, Jindal said, “While India is still struggling with data

issues, world is gearing up for CBRNe (chemical, biological,

radiological and nuclear explosives) threat. Sensors are now

available that off er real-time monitoring of air quality.”

We need spatial data

infrastructure to facilitate

data sharing. Though work

is on in this direction, the

pace is quite slow.

- Dr Aniruddha Roy

The session in progress

Well, that may be the reality somewhere else but the fact

is that India has a long way to go before it can completely

unleash the power of this technology in ensuring security

of its citizens. For the time being, let’s hope someone in

authority has taken a serious note of Jindal when he said,

“Geospatial technology is important for studying evacuation,

traffi c management and planning in case of emergency.”

37

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

After bringing the armed forces of India together for

three consecutive years successfully, GIS Development

expanded its footprint with GeoIntelligence Asia 2010.

Inaugurated by India's Chief of Army Staff , General VK

Singh PVSM, AVSM, YSM, ADC, GeoIntelligence Asia

made a strong statement in connecting the defence and

internal security forces from the region. Building upon

the past events, GeoIntelligence Asia 2010 created an

impressive agenda and brought in specialist speakers from

across the world who shared their unique perspectives and

insights on the geospatial intelligence community's role in

making the world a safer place to live. Th e two-day event

held at hotel Taj Palace in New Delhi, India, witnessed

about 450 delegates and visitors from eight countries in the

region.

In his inaugural address, General Singh observed that

India's boundary includes high altitude mountains,

deserts and coastal zones and geospatial intelligence has

a signifi cant role to play in tackling security threats from

the porous boundary. According to the General, geospatial

technology provides situational awareness and helps armed

GEOINTELLIGENCE ASIA 2010

forces in precision operation. In today’s network centric

environment, geointelligence is an able tool that works as

a force multiplier and enables effi cient combat. He agreed

that the ongoing research in imaging, modelling and other

geospatial activities all over the world ultimately helps the

armed forces.

Earlier, Lt. Gen. Ajay Kumar Singh Chandele, PVSM,

AVSM, ADC; Director General of Electronics and

Mechanical Engineering, Indian Army, welcomed the

gathering. He noted that emerging security threats can

be addressed by developing geospatial capabilities. Sanjay

Kumar, CEO, GIS Development, in his introductory

remarks, highlighted the need to strengthen spatial

infrastructure to better internal security. Th e inaugural

session witnessed the release of bi-monthly magazine

GeoIntelligence, a publication of GIS Development. Th e

General also inaugurated the exhibition.

Plenary sessions

The first plenary session was chaired by Dr MP

GeoIntelligence Asia 2010 brought together experts and visitors from around the world

Connecting communities

38

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

Narayanan, Chairman, GIS Development. Lt. Gen. A

K Nanda explained the functionality and importance

of Defence Spatial Data Infrastructure (DSDI). He

highlighted how GIS prevents duplication of efforts

and discussed the need for geointelligence in defence.

In his presentation, GeoImagery and GIS Integration,

Lawrie Jordan, Director – Imagery, Enterprise Solution,

ESRI, demonstrated how one can maximise the value of

imagery by intelligently integrating it with GIS. He also

emphasised the need to share and collaborate.

Lt. Gen. S P Singh, VSM, Director General of

Information System, India, while observing that majority

of military information has a spatial component,

discussed how geospatial technologies can be exploited

for operational information. He emphasised on the

development of indigenous GIS software and issues

related to data interoperability.

The second plenary session was chaired by Rajesh C

Mathur, Vice Chairman, ESRI India. During the session,

Chhavi Gupta, Senior Solution Manager, Technology

Solutions, Oracle India, explained how Oracle solutions

are helpful in lawful interception project, battle space

awareness and crime statistics analysis. She also acquainted

everyone with location-enabled Oracle technologies.

Kaushik Chakraborty, Vice President, Asia-Pacific,

ERDAS, recalled Art of War by Sun Tzu and Clausewitz.

“Art of war,” as defined by Sun Tzu, “is a matter of life

and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence

it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be

neglected.” Chakraborty said that while the Pearl Harbour

incident is a perfect example of art of war, September 11

attacks explain Clausewitz’s theory of war. According to

Clausewitz, “War is not merely a political act, but also a

political instrument, a continuation of political relations,

a carrying out of the same by other means.” In both cases,

Chakraborty stressed about the need of geointelligence

in warfare and maintained that without geointelligence,

modern day wars cannot be won.

The third plenary session was chaired by Maj. Gen. Manoj

Tayal, Addl. Survey General, Survey of India. In this

session, Maj. Gen. Girish Kumar, Project Director, Delhi

State Spatial Data Infrastructure (DSSDI), elaborated how

DSSDI is using geospatial tools in developing a digital

ªGeospatial technology

provides situational

awareness and helps armed

forces in precision operation.

In today's network centric

environment, geointelligence

is an able tool that works as

a force multiplier and enables

efficient combat.º

- General V K Singh, Chief of Army Staff

for a safer world

39

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

map for the Delhi State. He informed that approximately

337 features (above and beneath the ground) have been

mapped under this project. John Allan, Vice President,

Global Sales and Marketing, ExactEarth, Canada,

regretted that there are very few activities in marine

field although oceans cover earth’s 70 per cent area.

The Mumbai incident was a grim reminder that coastal

areas require more attention. Mark Reichardt, President

and CEO, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC),

USA, demonstrated how OGC standards are driven by

community resources, integration of sensor web enabled

operation concept with UAVs and so on. In addition, he

explained compliance testing and certification by OGC.

Workshops and sessions

During the session Geospatial for Defence and Border

Security, Maj. Gen. P N Koul, Addl Survey General,

Survey of India, discussed the necessity of formulation of

optimum data standards for efficient data dissemination

in defence environment. The paper ignited a debate on

data standards especially on cartography data standards

versus GIS standards.

M Rajathural, Technical Director, Bentley Systems,

India, informed that Bentley has developed a tool which

can convert CAD data into GIS data and also gave a

demonstration of the same. While discussing his paper,

Managing Mission Critical Information in Geo-enabled

Environment, Rajathural noted that even GIS data should

be indexed in the same manner as Google indexed bundle

of information and made it accessible to all. He presented

various solutions offered by Bentley including intelligent

property management, multi-user editing with versioning

and intelligent distributed plotting and publishing.

40

geoIntelligence July – August 2010

During the session Geospatial for Homeland Security,

Maniesh Kulshrestha, Head – Business Development,

SiRF Technology, India, introduced a micro electro

mechanical sensor (MEMS) and compared it to GPS.

He demonstrated how MEMS can track people in malls

or other indoor places with better accuracy than GPS.

He also emphasised on public privacy and the need of

Building Management Mapping as most of the heritage

centres are being targeted by terrorists and anti-social

elements.

Andrea Cook, Senior Sales Manager, GeoEye, USA,

highlighted some of the features of GeoEye 1 and how it

can play a pivotal role in homeland security. She presented

a few latest images shot by GeoEye 1 and explained their

key features. Talking about the satellite, Cook said that

it is not only useful in capturing images, but also in

providing image-based solutions like 3D modelling and

digital maps.

Col. G.S. Mehta (retd), Chief General Manager, Northern

region, RSI Softech, India, demonstrated RSI’s latest

product for disaster mitigation, Skyline. Col. Sunil

Mishra, Director Battlefield Management, System Cell,

Directorate General of Information System, India, said

that GIS is yet to be optimally exploited. He presented

the satellite map of Dantewada, India, which was just

mute in the absence of attributed information like roads,

villages, language and so on. Dantewada is a district in the

Indian state of Chhattisgarh and is one of the strongholds

of Naxals.

T.B.J.S. Rajappa, Deputy Director, Directorate of

Coordination (Police Wireless), India, spoke about

‘Albedo of Geointelligence connected GIS’. He talked

GIS data should be indexed in

the same manner as Google

indexed bundle of information

and made it accessible to all.

- Rajathural, Bentley Systems, India

41

July – August 2010 geoIntelligence

about the use of GIS methodology in earlier times as

well and explained how over time, human approach has

changed towards the subject even as the ultimate aim

remains the same. He established his point with the help

of a few examples from Ramayana and Mahabharta.

During the session Image Intelligence and Maritime

Coastal Security, Col. Kailash Tiwari, Corps of Engineers,

Indian Army, explained target detection using optical

and microwave remote sensing. Sowmya Gopal, Radar

Scientist, Intermap technologies, Germany, explained the

significance of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar

(IFSAR) mapping for geospatial intelligence in India.

During the series of workshops, Dr Christopher Tucker,

Member, Board of Directors, US Geospatial Intelligence

Foundation, talked about human geography and

intelligence. Dr M.K. Munshi, GIS Development, India,

spoke about standards and interoperability and Dr V. V. L.

N. Sharma, Civil Hydrographic Office, India, explained

electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS)

compliant, electronic navigational charts (ENC) and

issues of interoperability. Col. Sunil Mishra, Director

Battlefield Management, System Cell, Directorate General

of Information System, India, discussed ways to exploit

geointelligence to strengthen our internal security.

A workshop on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) was

conducted by Mike McGill, President, Surveil, United

States. He said that market demand for UAVs is almost

same as that was for cars in 1920s and computers in

1980s. “UAVs were like a predator in 1990s and still,

advancements in this field are consistently happening like

UAVs with liquid hydrogen propulsion and hybrid UAVs

with Gas/Electricity propulsion. In addition, UAV market

is driving advancement in new and innovative ways to

apply carbon fibre composite materials,” said McGill. In

terms of business, he said that US Navy alone made an

order of USD 2.2 billion to Northrop Grumman.

The event witnessed several interactive sessions and was a

huge hit among paricipants. The seminar will return soon.

Anand Kashyap

Sub-Editor

DSSDI is using geospatial

tools in developing a digital

map for Delhi. Already 337

features have been mapped

under this project.

42

geoIntelligence July – August 2010