Geography Geography BasicsBasics

We are taking CORNELL We are taking CORNELL NOTESNOTES

Your paper should be set up like this:Your paper should be set up like this:

Geography Basics

Why is geography important?

Geography affects how people live, work, and play.

Geography affects what people eat, wear, and own. Where you live also affects the natural disasters you experience

Earthquakes in California

Hurricanes in Florida

QUESTION ANSWER

Why is geography important?Why is geography important?

►Why is geography important?Why is geography important? Geography affects how people live, Geography affects how people live,

work, and play.work, and play. Geography affects what people eat, Geography affects what people eat,

wear, and own.wear, and own. Where you live also affects the Where you live also affects the

natural disasters you experience natural disasters you experience (earthquakes in California and (earthquakes in California and hurricanes in Florida).hurricanes in Florida).

What is a compass rose?What is a compass rose?

►A A compass rosecompass rose is used to show is used to show directions.directions.

►These directions are north, south, These directions are north, south, east, and west. east, and west.

►You can combine these to have You can combine these to have northeast, northwest, southeast, and northeast, northwest, southeast, and southwest.southwest.

How can we remember that??

E

S

W

NE

SE

NW

SW

NOW DRAW ONE IN YOUR NOTES!

What is longitude and What is longitude and latitude?latitude?

►Lines of latitude go east to west (think Lines of latitude go east to west (think latlatitude itude f flatlat))

►Lines of longitude go north to south. Lines of longitude go north to south. (think (think longlongitude is itude is LONGLONG))

How can we remember that??

Why are lines of longitude Why are lines of longitude and latitude important?and latitude important?

► In order to locate places specific In order to locate places specific places on the Earth, lines of latitude places on the Earth, lines of latitude and longitude are used.and longitude are used.

Lines of longitudeLines of latitude

What are the major lines of What are the major lines of longitude?longitude?

Some of these lines are especially Some of these lines are especially important:important:

The prime meridian = 0° longitudeThe prime meridian = 0° longitude Time zones begin hereTime zones begin here..

The International Date line = 180 ° longitude The International Date line = 180 ° longitude When you cross this line, the day When you cross this line, the day

changes.changes.

What is the major line of What is the major line of latitude?latitude?

► The equator = 0° latitudeThe equator = 0° latitude

Think of it as the Earth’s belt.Think of it as the Earth’s belt.

Prime Meridian Equator

WHERE IS THE INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE???

What are continents?What are continents?

►A continent is a large land mass on the A continent is a large land mass on the planet Earth. planet Earth.

►The Earth is divided into 7 continents:The Earth is divided into 7 continents: North America, South America, Africa, North America, South America, Africa,

Europe, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica.Europe, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica.

How many oceans are there How many oceans are there in the world?in the world?

►An ocean is a large body of salt water.An ocean is a large body of salt water.

►5 oceans5 oceans Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, and Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, and

SouthernSouthern

FUN

FACTOceans cover 75% of the Earth.

Pacific Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Southern Ocean

Arctic Ocean

IndianOcean

Pacific Ocean

What is a hemisphere?What is a hemisphere?

►Hemi = halfHemi = half►Sphere = circleSphere = circle

The Earth is divided into four hemispheres – The Earth is divided into four hemispheres –

1.1.northern (north of the equator)northern (north of the equator)

2.2.southern (south of the equator)southern (south of the equator)

3.3.eastern (east of the Prime Meridian)eastern (east of the Prime Meridian)

4.4.western (west of the Prime Meridian).western (west of the Prime Meridian).

What is the importance of time What is the importance of time zones?zones?

►The Earth is divided into 24 time zones The Earth is divided into 24 time zones because there are because there are 24 hours in a day.24 hours in a day.

►Time zones change according to Time zones change according to longitudelongitude..

►Weather/climate changes according to Weather/climate changes according to latitude.latitude.