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GEOG 347: Public Space & Cultures of Democracy. The right to the city is far more than the individual liberty to access urban resources: it is a right to change ourselves by changing the city. - David Harvey. Harvey (2008) The Right to the City. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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GEOG 347: Public Space & Cultures of DemocracyThe right to the city is far more than the
individual liberty to access urban resources: it is a right to change ourselves by changing the city. -David Harvey
Harvey (2008) The Right to the City
• "Urbanization has always been a class phenomenon". (p. 24)
• Urbanization as solution to economic crisis:
Surplus absorption through urbanization...has entailed repeated bouts of urban restructuring through "creative destruction" which nearly always has a [violent] class dimension.
• Paris, 1850s; New York, 1950s
Haussmann's Plan for Paris (1850s)
• "His mission was to solve the surplus capital and unemployment problem through urbanization." (p. 26)
• "A transformation of urban infrastructures (boulevards, demolition, etc)"
• Slum clearance-- removal of working class and underclass from city center
• "the construction of a new way of life and urban persona (consumption, tourism, pleasure)".
http://www.theatlanticcities.com/arts-and-lifestyle/2012/02/paris-ification-hanoi/1286/
Moses' Plan for New York City (1940s-50s)
• New metropolitan scale for thinking of the urban process
• Highways, bridges, tunnels
• Suburban home ownership for the middle classes
• Cars, appliances
• Individualized identity tied to property
Capitalist Urbanization Today
• Lefebvre post-1968: urbanization central to the survival of capitalism and thus a crucial focus of class struggle
• Neoliberal era post-1970s
• 2008 Crash- housing bubble
• Urbanization of China
• Urban life as a commodity
• Cities fragmented, divided, unequal, conflict-prone
• Accumulation by dispossession: capture of valuable land from low-income populations
Urban social movements for the Right to the City
• Right to the City is restricted to small elite who can shape cities after their own desires
• Demand for "greater democratic control over the production and utilization of the surplus"
• Global urban struggle
Paris 1848
Paris 1871
Oaxaca 2006