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Geneva, 13-14 May 2010
Endrit KromidhaRoyal Holloway, University of London
ContentI. E-government engagement frameworks and evaluationII. Turning e-government engagement challenges into
opportunitiesIII. Conclusions
April 11, 2023 Endrit Kromidha 2
I. E-government engagement frameworks and evaluation
Networks and communities
Connected vs. interdependent internet society
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GBC Model
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NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENTCharacteristics (Gordon 2002):
Dynamic networks of small organizational unitsConsensual, bottom-up decision making Customer-oriented attitude from the public administration Market principles to enhance efficiency and productivity
Criticism (Dunleavy, Margets 2006)Increased institutional and policy complexity
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AWARENESS AND BENCHMARKINGE-government advertising and publicityUsers’ opinionBenchmarking limitations
UnderstandingUsing
Learning from best practices
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II. TURNING E-GOVERNMENT CHALLENGES INTO OPPORTUNITIES
Study context - Western Balkans Albania (AL)Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH)Croatia (CR)Kosovo (KS) UN Administered
Territory under UNSC 1244Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia (MC)Montenegro (MN) Serbia (SR).
Information source:National governmentsInternational organisations:
United Nations (UN, UNPAN, UNCTAD, UNDP Europe and CIS),
European Union United States Agency for
International Development (USAID)
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LEGAL ASPECTS AND STRATEGYStrategic aspects of some e-government legal changes
Integration prospectsInternational influences
Stakeholders engagement requirementsAwareness of e-government related strategies from
Public administration Users
Detailed national progress reports and evaluation
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LEGAL ASPECTS AND STRATEGYProject Leading
org.Period Amount Focus
AL National ICT Strategy Process / E-Government Start-up
UNDP AL
From 2003
$217,654 E-Government, e-Education, e-Commerce, ICT Sector development and coordination
BH Bosnia and Herzegovina ICT Strategy
UNDP BH
From 2004
$250,000 E-Education, e-Governance, ICT Industry, ICT Infrastructure, e-Legislation
MC National Strategy on Information Society Technologies for Development
UNDP MK
From 2005
$138,928 Role of ICTs for human and economic development, assessment of existing capacities, resources and potentials of ICT
SR ICT for Development - Building up a National Strategy for an Information Society
UNDP SR
From 2005
$10,000 A strategic, feasible and comprehensive strategy based on dialogue with the key stakeholder
SOURCE: UNDP EUROPE AND CIS, APRIL 2010
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND ACCESSIBILITYICT infrastructure drivers:
ICT companiesNational governments International organizationsDemand from users
Engagement requirementsFinancial involvement of stakeholdersInterest and demand for e-government servicesPull vs. Push strategy
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND ACCESSIBILITY
Country NameE-Readiness
Rank 2007
Rank 2005
Croatia 0.5858 35 47FYROM 0.5261 52 73Montenegro 0.5101 60 100Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.4698 74 94Serbia 0.4585 81 77Albania 0.4519 85 86SOURCE: United Nations E-Government Readiness Knowledge Base, http://www.unpan.org/egovkb
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E-LITERACY AND TRUSTE-literacy dimensions
Public servantsE-government programme users
(Dis)trust factors in Western BalkansEthnic, religious and territorial problems
reflected in political and economic instabilityEngagement tools
Force of lawTime and good service
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CONTROL AND POWERMain factors
Information storage and management monopolyLegal power enforcementIntegrated databases and systems
Engagement and involvement potentialMarket use of e-government information to understand
stakeholders’ needsWelcoming ideas from planning to implementation and
improvement phasesOpen Source approach
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E-GOVERNMENT CONTROL AND POWER IN AN INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTAn example: ASYCUDAAn e-government application developed by UNCTAD for
the electronic management of customs Implementation in the Western Balkans:
Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of)
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ConclusionsThe changes in the public sector are in great part related
to e-government applications todayInternational organizations could play an important role to
foster e-government stakeholders engagement through:Involvement vs. engagement from the planning phaseEasy-to-understand and practically useful benchmarking Collaborative citizen-customer strategiesOpen Source approaches
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Thank you!
Questions & Answers
April 11, 2023 Endrit Kromidha 16