Genetics Vocab foldable

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inheritance

description of how hereditary characteristics are passed from

parent organisms to their offspring

gene

unit of inherited information in DNA (Concept 1.1)

generation

Grandparents, parents, and children represent three generations of a

family

phenotype

observable traits of an organism (Concept 10.2)

genotype

genetic makeup of an organism; an organism's combination of alleles

(Concept 10.2)

allele

alternative form of a gene (Concept 10.2)

homozygous

having identical alleles for a gene (Concept 10.2)

heterozygous

having different alleles for a gene (Concept 10.2)

Punnett square

diagram showing the probabilities of the possible outcomes of a genetic

cross (Concept 10.2)

probability

the measure of how likely an event is

ratio

a relationship between two numbers of the same kind, usually expressed

as "a to b" or a:b

Simple dominance

Inheritance in which one allele of a gene masks the expression (phenotype)

of another allele at the same locus(Concept 10.2)

Dominant

descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to

be the only one affecting a trait (Concept 10.2)

recessive

descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect a trait (Concept 10.2)

Incomplete dominance

inheritance in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate

between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes (Concept 10.3)

Also called intermediate inheritance

Codominance

inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles (Concept 10.3)