Genetics and Molecular Biology JEOPARDY!!

Potpourri Meiosis Meiosis Genetics 1 Genetics 2

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Phenotype is always determined by…

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Genotype

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If both alleles show up in the phenotype of the heterozygote, they

are…

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Codominant

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When a mutation occurs on a single chromosome, it’s called…

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Aneuploidy

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When genes are placed in the reverse order on a chromosome, this

is called…

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An inversion.

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Living things obtain genetic diversity by…

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*crossing over during prophase 1*random orientation of

*chromosomes during metaphase 1*sexual reproduction

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When does crossing over occur and why?

Meiosis

*Prophase 1 when homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis

and form a tetrad *for genetic diversity in gametes

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What are the products of meiosis?

Meiosis

*4 genetically different haploid *4 genetically different haploid cellscells

*Sperm/egg cells (gametes)*Sperm/egg cells (gametes)

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Why do homologous chromosomes Why do homologous chromosomes pair up during prophase 1 of meiosis pair up during prophase 1 of meiosis

but never in mitosis?but never in mitosis?

Meiosis

*To reduce the number of *To reduce the number of chromosomes (stays the same in chromosomes (stays the same in

mitosis)mitosis)*to enable crossing over to occur *to enable crossing over to occur

(stays the same in mitosis)(stays the same in mitosis)

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What is the law of segregation?What is the law of segregation?

Meiosis

*separation of chromosomes *separation of chromosomes during anaphase 1 of meiosis.during anaphase 1 of meiosis.*ensures gametes only have one *ensures gametes only have one copy of each allelecopy of each allele

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What is the law of independent What is the law of independent assortment?assortment?

Meiosis

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Chromosomes with different alleles sort independently along the metaphase plate of meiosis 1.

Meiosis

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What term is used to describe chromosomes that carry the same genes, just different versions of those genes?

Homologous Chromosomes

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When do homologous chromosomes pair up? What happens as a results?

Meiosis Meiosis

Prophase 1- synapsis occurs, a Prophase 1- synapsis occurs, a tetrad forms, enabling tetrad forms, enabling

crossing over.crossing over.

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What is required before meiosis can What is required before meiosis can occur?occur?

Meiosis Meiosis

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*DNA replication in a diploid cell.

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Identify the phase of meiosis and explain.

Meiosis Meiosis

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Anaphase 1; *homologous chromosomes separate into individual chromosomes (sister chromatids)*cell is now haploid

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A cat has a diploid number of 38. A cat has a diploid number of 38.

What would the number of What would the number of chromosomes be in a cell in telophase chromosomes be in a cell in telophase 1 of meiosis in this cat? What would it 1 of meiosis in this cat? What would it

look like?look like?What would the number of chromatids What would the number of chromatids be in a cell in telophase 2 of meiosis in be in a cell in telophase 2 of meiosis in

this cat? What would it look like?this cat? What would it look like?

Meiosis Meiosis

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1.19, X (two sister chromatids)

2. 19, | 2. 19, | (one half of a chromosomes, (one half of a chromosomes,

individual chromatid)individual chromatid)

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Colorblindness and hemophilia are examles of…

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Sex-linked, recessive traits

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The allele that is The allele that is expressed in the expressed in the

phenotype is phenotype is referred to as ….referred to as ….

Genetics 1

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DominantDominant

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After mating a brown bunny with a white bunny, the offspring are all brown. What are the genotypes of the parents? The offspring?

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Parents- BB X bb Offspring- Bb

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Since each pair of alleles Since each pair of alleles segregate separately from segregate separately from other pairs of alleles, Mendel other pairs of alleles, Mendel created…created…

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*The Law of Independent Assortment*supported by *supported by homologous chromosome homologous chromosome random sorting during random sorting during metaphase 1 of meiosis. metaphase 1 of meiosis.

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Because alleles separate when Because alleles separate when homologous chromosomes homologous chromosomes split in anaphase 1 of meiosis, split in anaphase 1 of meiosis, this supports Mendel’s…this supports Mendel’s…

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Law of Segregation

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My name is Bond, Ionic Bond;Taken, not shared!

Genetics 2Genetics 2

10 Population Growth

From: Mariano Cecowski <MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar>

Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in Alaska fall into the waterwhich one disolves faster?

A: The one in Alaska because it is

HIJKLMNO

10 Population Growth

Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson.

Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room he's in.

Urine - The opposite of "You're out!"Benign: What we want when we are eight.

Intestine - Currently taking an exam

CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing

TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport

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Mendel discovered that a dihybrid cross between parents heterozygous for both traits will always show what kind of phenotypic ratio?

1010 Genetics 2Genetics 2

9:3:3:1

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To determine the genotype of a dominant trait, you can mate this individual with…

An individual homozygous An individual homozygous recessive for the trait (called a recessive for the trait (called a

test cross)test cross)

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When both alleles are When both alleles are expressed in an expressed in an offspring, this is called…offspring, this is called…

3030 Genetics 2Genetics 2

*codominance

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Skin color is an example of….

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Polygenic Inheritance

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The Chromosome Theory of The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance states…Inheritance states…

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It’s the behavior of It’s the behavior of chromosomes during chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization meiosis and fertilization that accounts for that accounts for inheritance patterns. inheritance patterns.