Upload
edward-mcdonald
View
212
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Geneticaly modified Food and Feed – current situation in EU
Petr Beneš
Food Safety Department
Prague, 9 October 2009
Content
• Role of the Food Safety Department
• Legislation
• Authorisation process
• Actual information
Definition of GM Food and Feed
• Food containing, consisting or produced from GMO´s
• Feed containing, consisting or produced from GMO´s
Food Safety Department
• Administration of applications
• Participation in SCoFCAH meetings
• Scientific Committee on GM food and feed
Legal framework
• by April 2004 Directive 2001/18/EC
• Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the EP and of the Council
• Regulation (EC) No 1830/2003 of the EPand of the Council
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the EP and of the Council
• valid since April 18, 2004• covers use of GMO´s for food and feed• sets up centralized authorisation procedure• sets up labeling requirements and limits for
adventitious or technically unavoidable presence of genetically modified materials in a food or feed
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the EP and of the Council
• valid since April 18, 2004• covers use of GMO´s for food and feed• sets up centralized authorisation procedure• sets up labeling requirements and limits for
adventitious or technically unavoidable presence of genetically modified materials in a food or feed
Authorisation procedure
Who participates in Authorisation of Applications?
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
- EU member states (MS)
- European Commission (EC)
„GM food and feed should only be authorised for placing on the Community market after a scientific evaluation of the highest possible standard, to be undertaken under the
responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority, of any risks which they present for human and animal health
and, as the case may be, for the environment.“
Point (9), Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
Standing Committee on Food Chain and Animal Welfare
• All MS express their positions during voting• Qualified majority must be achieved in favour /
against the draft Commission Decision• If no qualified majority is achieved, the draft is
submitted to the Council for decision• If no decision is adopted by the Council, the
Commission is authorised to make the decision
National Competent Authority
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)• risk assessment• final opinion
Application according No 1829/2003
Comunity Reference Laboratory (CRL)
European Net of GMO laboratories (ENGL)• method validation
European Commision• draft decision• different decision against EFSA´s must be explained
Standing Committee on Food Chain and Animal Health• member countries• qualified majority (QM)
Council of Ministers• 90 days for decision (SCoFCAH without QM)
Approval / disapproval of Application
6 months for validation
3 months
6 months
QM
without QM
without Q
M
3 months
decision
decision
EU member countries• consultation
3 months
Public• comments
30 days
Official Journal Register of GM food and feed
Support of GM food and feed – current situation in EU
Positions of some MS reflect political situation…X
The main criterium for EC decision making is the result of the scientific risk assessment
Support of GM food and feed – current situation in EU
Bulgaria Czech Republic EstoniaFinlandNetherlands Slovakia UK Spain Sweden
CyprusLuxemburg HungaryPolandAustriaGreece Malta Slovenia
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the EP and of the Council
• valid since 18. April 2004• covers GMO usage in food and feed• sets up centralized authorisation procedure • sets up labeling requirements and limits for
adventitious or technically unavoidable presence of genetically modified materials in a food or feed
Labeling of products with GMO´s
a) the content of GM parts is less than 0,9 %
- only in case the presence is adventitious or technically unavoidable
X
b) wilful added GM parts
Labeling of foods of animal origin obtained in animals fed by GM feed?
NO!
- NO labeling requirements for milk, meat, eggs... etc.
- NO traceability requirements applicable
Regulation (EC) No 1830/2003 of the EP and of the Council
• harmonized framework for the traceability• transmission of written information between
operators• holding of information (5 years from each
transaction)• labeling requirements
+ Commission Regulation (EC) No 65/2004• inspection and control measures
Any source of GMO unique identifiers?
• development of the unique identifiers according to Commission Regulation (EC) No 65/2004
• BioTrack database (OECD)http://www2.oecd.org/biotech/byIdentifier.aspx
Up to date number of applications
• 72 applications presented at 30. 9. 2009• 60 % applications on maize• applications presented by (only) seven
countries: NL, UK, DE, FR, CZ, BE, DK
Community register of GM products
Publicly available on European Commission web pages:
http://ec.europa.eu/food/dyna/gm_register/index_en.cfm
Community register of GM products
http://ec.europa.eu/food/dyna/gm_register/index_en.cfm
Presently 27 products:
– 12x GM maize– 6x GM cotton– 3x GM rape– 2x GM yeast, bacteria– 3x GM soya– 1x GM sugar beat
Products withdrawn from the market
• GM rape hybrids - Ms1xRf1, Ms1xRf2, Topas 19/2,
• GM maize hybrids - Bt176, GA21xMON810
http://ec.europa.eu/food/dyna/gm_register/index_en.cfm
Asynchronous release of GM food and feed
• different duration and demandingness of authorisation process in EU and third countries
• „zero tolerance“ of presence of non-authorised GMO´s in feed
= source of problems
GM maize cultivation – current situation in EU
GM maize is cultivated in:
Spain, Czech republic, Portugal, Slovakia, Romania
National bans on cultivaton:
Germany, Austria, France, Greece, Hungary, Lucemburg
Information on GMO
• Ministry of Agriculture web pages (in CZ only)– www.mze.cz - section „Zemědělská výroba“ –
category „GMO-geneticky modifikované organismy v zemědělství“
– www.mze.cz - section „Potravinářská výroba“ – category „Bezpečnost potravin“ – „Geneticky modifikované potraviny a krmiva“
• Ministry of Environment web pages:– www.mzp.cz/en - section „Environmental Risks“ –
category „GMO“
Thank you for your attention!