Genetic Technology

A. Biotechnology

Use of organisms or their products to improve the health

and food production for humans and other organisms

B. Selective Breeding

Choose specific organisms to breed to get a desired trait.

Example:

Best dog

Beefy cattle

Disease resistant corn

C. “Genetic Engineering”

To take genes (DNA) from organism and put them in

another organism

D. Clone

An exact genetic replication or copy of an organism

1. Nucleus removed from egg cell

2. DNA inserted from another organism

3. Egg then grows into new organism

E. Recombinant DNA

Connected or recombined/mixed fragments of DNA

from different sources

F. Transgenic Organism

Animal, plant, or bacteria that shows trait from another

species because it contains DNA from that other species

Examples:

Mosaic mouse used for cancer research

Glowing tobacco plant or fish

Insulin producing bacteria

GloFish

Grapple

Umbuku Lizard

Dolion

Lemurat

G. How to create a transgenic organism

1. Isolate desired gene from donor

2. Cut out the desired gene from DNA using restriction

enzyme

3. Use a vector to transfer the gene into the host organism

Vector – mechanical (like micropipette) or biological (like

plasmid) method to transfer DNA

G. How to create a transgenic organism

4. Mix DNA from the 2 sources so its recombined

(recombinant)

5. Copy DNA over and over to express desired gene

I. Examples of Transgenic Organisms

Bacteria that prevent frost damage to plants - Agriculture

Bacteria that produce human insulin, medicines – Pharmaceutical

Bacteria that break down pollutants (ex. Oil spills) – Industry

applications