Genetic Engineering in Plants—Transgenic Plants

第十章 植物的基因工程

Agrobacterium

tumefaciens

and Crown galls

Transformation of plant cells byAgrobacterium tumefacie

ns

Transformation of plant cells byAgrobacterium tumefacie

ns

Agrobacteria cause crown gall tumors in plants

Structure of the octopine and nopaline plasmids

Structure of the octopine and nopaline plasmids

Structure of the nopaline Ti plasmid pTi C58LB---left borderRB---right border

Map of the nopaline T-DNA region

Map of the nopaline T-DNA region

Formation of a cointegrate Ti plasmid

Formation of a cointegrate Ti plasmid

Binary vector system baced on Bin19

Binary vector system baced on Bin19

A GUS vectorA GUS vectorCaMV-cauliflower mosaic virusGUS-glucuronidase NPTII---neomycin phospho- trasferase II

Regeneration of transgenic plants by leaf

discs

Regeneration of transgenic plants by leaf

discs

Regeneration of plantsfrom protoplastsAuxins/cytokinins↑,Root developmentAuxins/cytokinins↓,Shoot development

Regeneration of leaf disks infectedby Agrobacterium

Transfer of T-DNA from Agrobacterium in to aplant cell---Vir proteins andT-DNA transfer

Transfering genes into plant cells by cointegration using T-DNANPTII---neomycin phospho-trasferaseII

Transfer of an antisensegene for polygalacturonase(PG) into tomato cells by using a binary vectorCaMV-cauliflower mosaic virusGUS-glucuronidase

Antisense technologyAntisense technology

The antisense RNA procedure for blocking or reducing the level of expression of a specific gene

The regulation of biosynthesis of Ethylene (ETH)

反义基因在耐储藏番茄育种中的应用

ACC gene ( 1- 氨基丙环烷羧酸氧化酶， 乙烯合成途径酶类 )

anti-sense ACC-mRNA ACC-mRNA

乙烯合成被抑制

(-) 5 3 mRNA

(-) 5 3(+) 3 5 cDNA

anti-sense ACC gene pCaMV35s-

pCaMV35s-

耐储藏番茄 华番一号

我国第一个基因工程农作物品种

Systemic infection of a plantwith recombinant geminivirus VectorsGene A---Replication in plant cellsGene B---Infectivity

Direct transfer of DNA intoplant cells by microprojectilebombardement (shotgun)

Stable transformation of plastids in tobacco plantsSp---spectinomycinSm---streptomycin

Cloning a plant gene bytransposon tagging

Cloning plant genes by T-DNA insertionalMutagenesisEMS---ethylmethane sulfonate

Protection of plants fromtobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection by transgenic expression of the TMV coat protein(CP)

Established Bt and Roundup ready crops

Killing insect larvae with transgenic cotton plants that express the Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) toxin gene

苏云金芽胞杆菌（ BT ）毒素蛋白基因

苏云金芽胞杆菌（ BT ）毒素蛋白基因

转 BT 基因水稻抗稻纵卷叶螟

抗病基因＋抗虫基因＋优质基因

Engineering herbicide-resistance plants

Roundup Ready® 转抗除草剂基因的

大豆和玉米

Plants as bioreactors to produce antibodies