INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION1SyntheticStarting from an set of rules arranged in
a formalized construction.Synthetic models lead finally to a set of
utterances.RULESRewriting rulesTransformational rulesApplied to
symbols which make up the vocabulary and grammarThe organization of
a generative grammar
Syntactic
Semantic
phonologicalSyntactic
Deep structureSemantically interpreted by the semantic component
Surface structureFurther related to sound aspect of language by
means of the phonological components.
Semantic & phonology purely interpretative Syntactic
Component base syntactic subcomponentSet of transformationsIt has 2
rules
Phrase structure rules -the form of constituent structure trees
convert one kind of tree structure into another (e.g. an active
structure into passive one)
Transformations rules- that act on the phrase markers generated
by the base, mapping deep structures onto the surface structures of
sentences.
Scope and object of a semantic theory in
generative-transformational grammarA semantic theory describes and
explains the interpretative competence of the speakera speaker can
interpret sentences in the sense that he can relate them
appropriately to "states, processes and objects in the universe.A
speaker can understand an infinite number of sentences, some of
which he has never heard before.The aims and objectives
to establish the meaning and the degree of ambiguity of a
sentence;to detect semantic anomalies;to state the paraphrase
relation between sentences;to state other relevant semantic
properties of sentences.
The semantic component of generative-transformational grammar. a
dictionary that provides a meaning for each of the lexical items of
the language;a finite set of projection rules which assign a
semantic interpretation to which string of formatives (or string of
words) generated by the syntactic component. To arrive at a
semantic interpretation it is necessary for each lexical item in a
string of formatives to be assigned a meaning on the basis of the
semantic information provided by the dictionary.The projection
rules then combine these meanings in a manner dictated by the
syntactic description of the string to arrive at a characterization
of the meaning of the whole string and of each of its
constituents.
