Flexi Network Gateway, Rel.2.1 4.0, OperatingDocumentation, v2General Glossary Issue 28 Theinformationinthisdocumentissubjecttochangewithoutnoticeanddescribesonlytheproductdefined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use ofNokiaSolutionsandNetworkscustomersonlyforthepurposesoftheagreementunderwhichthedocumentissubmitted,andnopartofitmaybeused,reproduced,modifiedortransmittedinanyformormeanswithoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofNokiaSolutionsandNetworks.Thedocumen-tationhasbeenpreparedtobeusedbyprofessionalandproperlytrainedpersonnel,andthecus-tomerassumesfullresponsibilitywhenusingit.NokiaSolutionsandNetworkswelcomescustomercommentsaspartoftheprocessofcontinuousdevelopmentandimprovementofthedocumenta-tion.The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, orperformanceofthementionedhardwareorsoftwareproductsaregiven"asis"andallliabilityaris-inginconnectionwithsuchhardwareorsoftwareproductsshallbedefinedconclusivelyandfinallyin a separate agreement between Nokia Solutions and Networks and the customer. However,NokiaSolutionsandNetworkshasmadeallreasonableeffortstoensurethattheinstructionscon-tained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Solutionsand Networks will, if deemed necessary by Nokia Solutions and Networks, explain issues whichmaynotbecoveredbythedocument.NokiaSolutionsandNetworkswillcorrecterrorsinthisdocumentationassoonaspossible.INNOEVENT WILL Nokia Solutions and Networks BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTA-TION OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDI-RECT,INCIDENTALORCONSEQUENTIALORANYLOSSES,SUCHASBUTNOTLIMITEDTOLOSSOFPROFIT,REVENUE,BUSINESSINTERRUPTION,BUSINESSOPPORTUNITYORDA-TA,THATMAYARISEFROMTHEUSEOFTHISDOCUMENTORTHEINFORMATIONINIT.Thisdocumentationandtheproductitdescribesareconsideredprotectedbycopyrightsandotherintellectualpropertyrightsaccordingtotheapplicablelaws.NSN is a trademark of Nokia Solutions and Networks. Nokia is a registered trademark of NokiaCorporation.Otherproductnamesmentionedinthisdocumentmaybetrademarksoftheirrespec-tiveowners,andtheyarementionedforidentificationpurposesonly.CopyrightNokiaSolutionsandNetworks2014.AllrightsreservedfImportant Notice on Product Safety This product may present safety risks due to laser, electricity, heat, and other sources ofdanger.Only trained and qualified personnel may install, operate, maintain or otherwise handlethis product and only after having carefully read the safety information applicable to thisproduct.The safety information is provided in the Safety Information section in the Legal, SafetyandEnvironmentalInformationpartofthisdocumentordocumentationset.NokiaSolutionsandNetworksiscontinuallystrivingtoreducetheadverseenvironmentaleffectsofitsproductsandservices.Wewouldliketoencourageyouasourcustomersanduserstojoinusinworking towards a cleaner, safer environment. Please recycle product packaging and follow therecommendationsforpoweruseandproperdisposalofourproductsandtheircomponents.IfyoushouldhavequestionsregardingourEnvironmentalPolicyoranyoftheenvironmentalser-vicesweoffer,pleasecontactusatNokiaSolutionsandNetworksforanyadditionalinformation.GeneralGlossary2 Issue:28Table of ContentsThisdocumenthas1610pages 1 Introduction.................................................................................... 5 2 Numbers.........................................................................................6 3 A................................................................................................... 11 4 B................................................................................................. 123 5 C.................................................................................................178 6 D.................................................................................................340 7 E................................................................................................. 433 8 F................................................................................................. 495 9 G................................................................................................ 550 10 H.................................................................................................586 11 I.................................................................................................. 621 12 J................................................................................................. 715 13 K................................................................................................. 722 14 L................................................................................................. 727 15 M................................................................................................ 784 16 N.................................................................................................885 17 O................................................................................................ 943 18 P................................................................................................. 992 19 Q............................................................................................... 1113 20 R............................................................................................... 1122 21 S............................................................................................... 1214 22 T............................................................................................... 1427 23 U...............................................................................................1514 24 V............................................................................................... 1551 25 W.............................................................................................. 1581 26 X............................................................................................... 1603GeneralGlossaryIssue:28 3 27 Y............................................................................................... 1608 28 Z............................................................................................... 1609GeneralGlossary4 Issue:281IntroductionThisGlossaryismeanttohelpthoseacquaintingthemselveswiththeNSNdocumentation.TheGlossarycoversthecentralconceptsoftelecommunicationsaswellastheconceptsrelatedtotheproductsofNSN.TheGlossaryhasbeencompiledatNSNincollaborationwithexpertsonbothtechnologyandterminologywork.ItisbasedontheconceptofterminologyadoptedintheNordiccountriesandonseveralnationalandinternationalsources,aswellasoninternationaltechnicalandterminologicalstandardsandrecommendations.Theentriesarearrangedinalphabeticalorder.Synonymsarealsoenteredindependentlywitha"see"referencetothemainentry.Sinceterminologybyitsnatureisaconstantlydevelopingfield,theGlossaryiscontinuouslyexpandedanddeveloped.Therefore,anyfeedbackonthisGlossarywillbehighlyappreciated.ThetermsusedonlyinalimitedgeographicalareaaremarkedwithcodesaccordingtostandardISO3166NamesofCountries.Thecodesusedinthisdictionary:/GB/GreatBritain/US/TheUnitedStatesofAmericaGeneralGlossary IntroductionIssue:28 5 2Numbers1000Base-LX/LHGigabitEthernetstandard,basedonIEEE802.3,whichusestwostrandsofmultimodeorsingle-modeopticalcableperlink1000Base-Sxstandard(IEEE802.3)forGigabitEthernetusingtwostrandsofmultimodeopticalcableperlink1000Base-Tstandard(IEEE802.3ab)forGigabitEthernetoveranunshieldedtwisted-pairwire1000Base-TXGigabitEthernetstandard,basedonIEEE802.3,fordatatransferovercopperwire100BaseTX100-MbpsbasebandFastEthernetspecificationusingtwopairsofeitherunshieldedtwistedpair(UTP)orshieldedtwistedpair(STP)wiring10Base-T; 10 BASETIEEE802.3mediastandardabbreviationfora10MbpsbasebandEthernetusingtwistedpaircabling10-gigabit Ethernet; 10GbEIEEEstandardthatdefinesaversionofEthernetwithanominaldatarateof10Gbit/s1+1 redundancy; 1+1 protectionredundancyschemeinwhichaunittypeconsistsofoneactiveunitandonespareunit,andtheidlespareunitcanreplacetheactiveunit1-phase codec modificationcodecmodificationinwhichtheMcinterfacecontainsonemodifyrequestcommandthatonlycontainsnewcodecinformation1st+ interval report; 1st+ interval log reportreportthatrecordsfaultsinthesignallingnetworkandthenetworksresponsetoabnormalconditions,andthatisprintedoutinfiveminutesifanerroreventoccursNumbers GeneralGlossary6 Issue:28 1XTREMEglobalopenstandardsproposalandtechnology,whichprovidesintegratedvoiceanddataspeedsupto5.2Mbpsonasingle1.25MHzinCDMA23B+Dprimaryrateaccessthatprovidesa1.544Mbit/sISDNuser-networkinterfacewith23datachannelsandasignallingchannel2.5Gfurtherdevelopmentsofthe2ndgenerationdigitalcellulartechnologybeforethe3rdgeneration2G SGSN; 2G-SGSNDX200-basedservingGPRSsupportnode(SGSN)forGPRSnetworks2G subscribermobilesubscriberwhosubscribesto2Gservices2G technology; 2G; 2nd generation mobile communicationssecondgenerationmobilecommunicationstechnologywhichisprimarilymeantfortransferringvoice2K protocolproprietarynetworkmanagementprotocolinwhichIPdatalinksareusedtoconnecttheNSNHopperManageroramanagementsystemtoanode2Mexternal2048kbit/ssynchronisationsourceconformingtoITU-TG.7032 Mbit/s submultiplexer; SM2Msubmultiplexerthatcombines9016kbit/ssubratechannelsintoone2Mbit/stransmissionbus2N redundancy; 2N; duplicationredundancyschemeinwhichtwounitsareusedtocompleteataskforwhichoneisenoughatanygiventimeGeneralGlossary NumbersIssue:28 7 2-phase codec modificationcodecmodificationinwhichtheMcinterfacecontainstwomodifyrequestcommands,thefirstofwhichcontainsoldandnewcodecinformationandthesecondofwhichcontainsonlynewcodecinformation30 B + D / DSS1primaryrateaccessbetweenthebasestationcontroller(BSC)andanothernetworkelement,whichispartoftheISDNAbisfeature3DES; triple DESencryptionthatisbasedonaDESalgorithm,inwhichthreedifferentkeysareutilised3G CS video telephonyvideocall(service)thatisbasedonacircuit-switchedconnectioninathird-generationmobilenetwork3G HLRhomelocationregister(HLR)forthirdgenerationnetworks,whichstorespacket-switchedandcircuit-switchedaccess-relateddataandperformsHLRfunctionsthataredefinedin3GPPRelease43G modemmodemthatisusedtocreateadataconnectionviathe3Gnetwork3G MSC; third generation mobile services switching centremobileservicesswitchingcentre(MSC)forathirdgenerationnetwork3G network; 3GN; third generation networknetworkofthirdgenerationmobilecommunicationsystem3GPP; 3rd Generation Partnership Projectprojectinwhichstandardsorganisationsandotherrelatedbodieshaveagreedtoco-operatefortheproductionofgloballyapplicabletechnicalspecificationsforathirdgenerationmobilesystem3G SGSN; 3G-SGSNservingGPRSsupportnode(SGSN)for3rdgenerationmobilenetworksNumbers GeneralGlossary8 Issue:28 3G subscribermobilesubscriberwhosubscribesto3Gservices3G technology; 3G; 3rd generation mobile communicationsthirdgenerationmobilecommunicationstechnologythatenablesbothvoicetransferandfastdatatransfer3G UPcollectionoftheuserplane(UP)parametersspecifiedbythe3rdGenerationPartnershipProject(3GPP)3G user equipment; UE; user equipment (3G)terminalthatsupportsaUMTSsubscriberidentitymodule(USIM)andtheUuinterface,withtheUSIMinserted3G-VMSCvisitedMSCforthirdgenerationmobilenetworks3L description languagelanguagedescribingtheoperationofmultiprocessorsystemsandhowdifferentsystemfunctionsproceedindifferentunitsandprocesses3N redundancy; 3Nredundancyschemeinwhichthreeunitsareusedtocompleteataskforwhichoneortwoisenoughatanygiventime4B3T; four binary, three ternarylineencodingthatisusedfortheISDNbasicrateinterfaceandinwhichfourbitsaremappedtothreepulses4G technology; 4G; 4th generation mobile communicationsfourthgenerationmobilecommunicationstechnologythatenablesveryfastvoiceanddatatransferinlargevolumes6over4mechanismwhichusesanIPv4domainthatsupportsIPv4multicasttoallowisolatedIPv6hoststoactlikefullyfunctionalIPv6hostswithoutdirectcontactwithanIPv6routerGeneralGlossary NumbersIssue:28 9 6to4transitionmechanismwhichprovidesawaytoconnectIPv6end-sitenetworksbycreatingatunnelovertheinterveningIPv4network802.11IspecificationforenhancedsecurityfortheIEEE802.11basedwirelessnetworks802.1X; port-based network access controlIEEEstandardforlocalandmetropolitanareanetworkswhichmakesuseofthephysicalaccesscharacteristicsofIEEE802localareanetwork(LAN)infrastructuresinordertoprovideameansofauthenticatingandauthorisingdevicesattachedtoaLANportthathaspoint-to-pointcharacteristics,andofpreventingaccesstothatportincasetheauthenticationandauthorisationprocessfails8-PSK modulation; 8-PSK; 8 phase shift keyingmodulationtechniqueinwhichthecarriercanexistinoneofeightdifferentstatesNumbers GeneralGlossary10 Issue:28 3AA3 algorithm; A3cryptographicalgorithmusedforsubscriberauthenticationinaGSMpubliclandmobilenetwork(PLMN)A5/3 algorithm; A5/3cryptographicalgorithmforGSM/EDGE,whichproducesciphertextoutofcleartextusingthecipheringkey(Kc)A8 algorithm; A8cryptographicalgorithmusedforgeneratingcipherkeystoprotectthedatatransferontheradiopathinaGSMpubliclandmobilenetwork(PLMN)AAA; authentication, authorisation, and accounting /GB/; authentication,authorization, and accounting /US/facilitythatprovidesaninterfacebetweenthedevicesandsecurityserversthroughwhichaccesscontrolcanbesetupAAA clientclientthatinitiatesAAAproceduresforamobileterminalAAA configurationmeansofsharingauthentication,authorisation,andaccountingservicesamongapplicationsthatrunonIPSO,usingdynamically-loadedmodulesAAA profile; authentication, authorisation, and accounting profile /GB/;authentication, authorization, and accounting profile /US/userprofilewhichcontainsinformationontheuser'srole,accessrights,name,andpasswords,andontheaccountexpirationdateAAA server; authentication, authorisation, and accounting server /GB/;authentication, authorization, and accounting server /US/serverthathandlesuserrequestsforaccesstocomputerresourcesandprovidesauthentication,authorisation,andaccountingservicesAAL1 connectionATMadaptationlayertype1(AAL1)basedconnectionwhichhasaconstantbitrateandissuitableforcarryingvideoandspeechtrafficGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 11 AAL2 connection admission control; AAL2 CACATMconnectionadmissioncontrolthatoperatesonlywithinanexistingvirtualchannelconnection(VCC)andthatdecideswhetherthesystemcanaccommodateanewAAL2connectionwithinthegivenVCCAAL2 connection control; AAL2 CCfeaturethathandlestheoperations(create,delete,interrogate)relatedtoAAL2cross-connectionsandtheallocationofconnectionidentifier(CID)valuesfortheAAL2cross-connectionsAAL2 connection control functionfunctionwhichroutestheAAL2signallingaccordingtothereceivedserviceendpointaddresssothattheAAL2transitconnectionscanbeformedbetweentwoserviceendpointsviathemultimediagateway(MGW)AAL2 connection managementAAL2connectioncontrolfunctionwhichprovidesservicestomanagethecreation,modification,interrogation,andreleaseoftheAAL2cross-connectionsAAL2 CPS packet; CPS packetpacketthatconsistsofathree-octetheaderfollowedbyapayloadthatcontainsthecommonpartsublayer(CPS)protocoldataunitAAL2 cross-connection; AAL2 CCcross-connectionbywhichATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)packetsareswitchedbetweentheinternalN_CIDandtheinternal1_CIDterminationpointsAAL2 endpoint address; A2EAaddressthatidentifiesawidebandapplicationmanagerthatcontainsanATMterminationpointAAL2 flow controlfeaturethatisusedtoavoidanIuboverloadbycontrollingtheAAL2sourcesbasedontheATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)queuelengthAAL2 legAALtype2(AAL2)connectionbetweenaconnectionpointandanaddressableentityA GeneralGlossary12 Issue:28 AAL2 link characteristics; ALCparameterthatisusedinarequestmessageoftheAALtype2signallingprotocolifthereisanAAL2switchingfunctioninthetransportnetworklayeroftheinterfaceAAL2 microcodefeaturethatisusedtoconfigurequeuethresholdsfortheinternalflowcontrolimplementationwithdynamicthresholdcalculationAAL2 nodal function; NF; nodal functionfunctioninthemultimediagateway(MGW)whichenablesanyATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)basedconnectionstoberoutedviaMGWwithoutcontrolfromtheMSCserverAAL2 packet switching; AAL2 switchingswitchingperformedatATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2),inwhichpacketsthatareencapsulatedwithinanATMcellareswitchedaccordingtotheirvirtualpathidentifier(VPI),virtualchannelidentifier(VCI),andchannelidentifier(CID)valuesAAL2 path CAC resource measurementmeasurementthatprovidesinformationontheuseofAALtype2path(AAL2)resourcesAAL2 prioritisation /GB/; AAL2 prioritization /US/featurethatenablestheuseofdifferentprioritiesforAALtype2(AAL2)connectionscarryingsignallingandreal-timetrafficandAALtype2connectionswithnon-real-timededicatedmediumaccesscontrolflowsAAL2 protocol entity; AAL2 PEsoftwarewhichisresponsibleforperformingAALtype2(AAL2)signallingprotocoltowardsothernetworkelementsAAL2 resource managementAAL2connectioncontrolfunctionwhichprovidesservicestomanagetheresourcesneededforAAL2cross-connectionsAAL2 resource reservation measurementmeasurementwhichenablestofollowtheuserplaneATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)resourcereservationfailurereasonsandsuccessratesforthewholeradionetworkcontroller(RNC)andindividualAAL2pathsGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 13 AAL2 scheduling performance measurementmeasurementthatprovidesinformationontheabilityoftheIubinterfacetoservedownlinktraffictowardsthebasetransceiverstationAAL2 served user; AAL type 2 served useruserofanAAL2signallingprotocolAAL2 signalling /GB/; AAL2 signaling /US/; AAL type 2 signalling /GB/; AALtype 2 signaling /US/signallingthatisusedtosetupandreleaseAAL2connectionsinsidevirtualchannelconnectionsAAL2 signalling at NNI measurement /BR/; AAL2 signaling at NNImeasurement /US/measurementthatprovidesinformationontheprotocolerrorsandinternalnon-protocolerrorsintheNbandIu-CSinterfacesinthemultimediagatewayandintheIu-CSandIurinterfacesintheradionetworkcontrollerAAL2 signalling at UNI measurement /GB/; AAL2 signaling at UNImeasurement /US/measurementthatprovidesinformationoncontrolplanefunctionsthatestablishandreleaseAALtype2(AAL2)connectionsattheusernetworkinterface(UNI)forUNIsignallinglinksAAL2 termination and switching; AAL2 switching and terminationfeaturewhichimplementstheterminationandswitchingfunctionfortheswitchingplatformtosupportAAL2packetbasedtransmissionAAL2UP connectivityamountofdatathatcanbeprocessedpersecondonAALtype2(AAL2)connectionsoverIub,Iur,andIu-CSinterfacesAAL2 virtual channel connection; AAL2 VCCATMvirtualchannelconnectionwhichisbasedontheuseoftheATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)A GeneralGlossary14 Issue:28 AAL2 VPC endpoint managementAAL2connectioncontrolfunctionwhichprovidesservicestocreateanddeletevirtualpathconnection(VPC)endpointsrelatedtoagivenAAL2SwitchingProcessor(A2SP)andalsoservicestoselecttheproperVPCendpointfortherequestedAAL2cross-connectionAAL5 common part; AAL5 CPpartofATMadaptationlayertype5(AAL5)whichconsistsofsegmentationandreassembly(SAR)sublayerandcommonpartconvergencesublayer(CPCS)AAL5 frameframethatcontainstheATMadaptationlayertype5(AAL5)protocoldataunitsencapsulatedinitspayloadfieldAAL5 profileprofilewhichcontainstheparametersforconfiguringanATMadaptationlayertype5(AAL5)connectionAAL5 protocol measurementmeasurementthatprovidesinformationontheamountoftrafficbetweentheATMlayerandtheATMadaptationlayertype5(AAL5)incomputerunits,andthatindicatesprotocolabnormalitiesdetectedinreassemblingATMcellstocommonpartconvergencesublayerdataunitsA-alarmcriticalalarmgeneratedbyafaultwhichinhibitsthenormaloperationoftheequipmentAAL performance measurementsfeatureforcollectingandmonitoringtheAAL5,AAL2signallingprotocolatUNI,AAL2signallingprotocolatNNI,andsignallingAAL(SAAL)protocolperformanceparametersAAL type 2 channel; AAL2 channelchannelusedforthetransportofcommonpartsublayer(CPS)packetsassociatedwithaAALtype2channelidentifier(CID)valueonavirtualchannelconnection(VCC)AAL type 2 channel identifier; CID; AAL2 channel identifier; channelidentifiercommonuniqueidentifierofanAALtype2channelGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 15 AAL type 2 connecting pointpointinaconnectionwherethetwoadjacentAALtype2linkscometogether,providingtheconnectingfunctionsAAL type 2 connection; AAL2 connectionlogicalconcatenationofoneormoreAALtype2linksbetweentwoAALtype2serviceendpointsAAL type 2 intermediate switch; AAL2 intermediate switchAALtype2switchservingasanAALtype2signallingendpointatanAALtype2connectingpointAAL type 2 link; AAL2 linklogicaluserplanecommunicationfacilitybetweentwoadjacentAALtype2switchingpointsorserviceendpointsAAL type 2 link characteristics; AAL2 link characteristicsinformationusedtodescribeattributesoftheAALtype2linkAAL type 2 path; AAL2 pathlogicalconcatenationofoneormoreATMvirtualchannelconnections(VCC)betweentwoAALtype2switchesAAL type 2 path identifier; AAL2 path identifierinanATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)signallingprotocolmessage,afieldwithafixedsizeof4octetswhichidentifiestheAALtype2pathAAL type 2 route; AAL2 routeroutethatconsistsofoneormorehuntedAALtype2pathsorAALtype2channelsthatconnectATM-basednetworkelementsandthatusethesamesignallingprotocolorareassociatedwiththesamesubscribernumberAAL type 2 routing; AAL2 routingroutinginwhichtheAALtype2pathisselectedaccordingtothequalityofserviceassociatedwithavirtualchannelconnectionAAL type 2 service endpoint; AAL2 service endpointterminationpointofanAALtype2connection,providingtheconnectionterminationfunctionsA GeneralGlossary16 Issue:28 AAL type 2 signalling protocol /GB/; AAL type 2 signaling protocol /US/;AAL2 signalling protocol /GB/; AAL2 signaling protocol /US/setofcontrolplanefunctionswhichestablishesandreleasesAAL2connectionsandthemaintenancefunctionsassociatedwiththeAAL2signallingAAL type 2 switch; AAL2 switchsystemwhichiscapableofswitchingAALtype2connectionsabandoned callcallregisteredintheautomaticcalldistributionwherethecallingsubscriberhashunguporqueuingtimehasexpiredbeforethesubscriberhasgotthroughtoanattendantabbreviated dialling /GB/; abbreviated dialling, subscriber registration/GB/; abbreviated dialing /US/; abbreviated dialing, subscriber registration/US/facilitywhichenablesasubscribertomakeacallbydiallinganabbreviatednumberinsteadofthefulltelephonenumberabbreviated number; ADN; abbreviated dialling number /GB/; abbreviateddialing number /US/privatenumber(shortcode)dialledinsteadofthecalledsubscriber'stelephonenumber,programmedintheexchangeorthetelephoneAbis interface; Abisbasestationcontroller(BSC)tobasetransceiverstation(BTS)interfaceAbis interface common control channel; ABICCCHcommoncontrolchannel(CCCH)handoftheAbisinterfaceprogramblock(ABIPRB),whichhandlesCCCHproceduresAbis interface extended common control channel; ABIECCCHcommoncontrolchannel(CCCH)handoftheAbisinterfaceprogramblock(ABIPRB),whichhandlesextendedCCCHproceduresAbis interface stand-alone dedicated control channel; ABISDCCHstand-alonededicatedcontrolchannel(SDCCH)handoftheAbisinterfaceprogramblock(ABIPRB),whichhandlesSDCCHproceduresGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 17 Abis interface traffic channel; ABITCHtrafficchannel(TCH)handoftheAbisinterfaceprogramblock(ABIPRB),whichhandlesTCHproceduresAbis LAPD link; Abis LAPDlinkontheAbisinterfacethatisbasedonthelinkaccessprocedureontheD-channel(LAPD)protocolAbis loop testtestthatisusedtoverifytheAbisinterfacetransmissionsetupandqualityAbis signalling link /GB/; Abis signaling link /US/signallinglinkintheAbisinterfaceconnectingabasetransceiverstation(BTS)andabasestationcontroller(BSC)abortterminate,inacontrolledmanner,aprocessingactivityinacomputersystembecauseitisimpossibleorundesirablefortheactivitytoproceedabort messagetransactioncapabilitiesmessagethatisusedtoterminateatransactionfollowinganabnormalsituationdetectedbythetransactionsublayer,ortoabortatransactionbythetransactionuserAbort-Session-Answer message; ASA; Abort-Session-AnswermessagethatissentasaresponsetoapreviouslyreceivedAbort-Session-Requestmessage(ASR)Abort-Session-Request message; ASR; Abort-Session-Requestmessagethataserversendstotheaccessdevicewhichprovidesasessionservicetorequestthatasessionidentifiedbyasessionidentifierisstoppedabout boxwindowinwhichcanbeshownthecompanylogo,applicationname,productcode,versionnumber,copyrightnotice,contactpointforqueriesabouttheapplication,trade-markinformation,licensinginformation,andcommandbuttontoclosethewindowA GeneralGlossary18 Issue:28 absent subscriber service; absent subscriber service - immediatediversion; absent subscriber service - immediate diversion to ananswering service; manual answering servicecallforwardingwhichenablesasubscribertohaveincomingcallsautomaticallydivertedtoamanualansweringserviceabsent subscriber service - immediate diversion to a fixed announcementwithout message accepting capabilitycallforwardingwhichenablesasubscribertohaveincomingcallsautomaticallydivertedtoanannouncementintheterminatingexchangeabsolute address; machine addressaddressinacomputerlanguagethatidentifiesastorageoradevicewithouttheuseofanyintermediatereferenceabsolute grant; AGschedulinggrantthatprovidesanabsolutelimitforthemaximumamountofuplinkresourcesapieceofuserequipmentmayusefordatatransmissionabsolute radio frequency number; ARFN; ARFCN; absolute radiofrequency channel numberradiofrequencyusedinconnectionwith,forexample,mobileoriginatingandterminatingtestcallsabsolute time difference; ATDtimedifferencethatiscalculatedbasedontimestampsfromaknownsystemtimeintheacquiredglobalpositioningsystem(GPS)dataabstract classclassthatincludessimilarparameterssharedbetweendifferentclassesabstract data typedatatypethatisdefinedsolelyintermsoftheoperationsthatcanbeperformedonobjectsofthattype,andtherangeofvaluesthatitcantake,regardlessofthemethodofrepresentationofthevalueabstraction layersoftwaretranslationlayerthatprovidesacommoninterfacebetweenapplicationsandotherprogramsandhidestheimplementationdetailsofapplicationsGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 19 abstract syntax notation; ASNnotationwhichenablescomplicatedtypestobedefinedandenablesvaluesofthesetypestobespecifiedwithoutdeterminingthewayaninstanceofthistypeistoberepresentedabstract syntax notation one; ASN.1transmissionnotationstandardisedbytheInternationalOrganizationforStandardizationandusedtodescribenotationsgenerallyusedbytheadaptationlayerprotocolsacceptable cellsuitablecellfromwhichthemobilestationcanmakeemergencycallsacceptable channel codings; ACCpartofabearercapabilityinformationelement(BCIE)inamobile-originatingcallset-upthatindicatesthechannelcodingmethodsthemobilestationcanuseaccept-contact headerSIPheaderthatcontainsfeaturesetsthatdescribetheuseragentsthatthecallerwouldliketoreachaccept listaccesscontrollistwhichallowsuserstospecifyexactlywhichusersmaycallthemdirectlyaccessrightorabilitytoenter,approach,orusesomethingaccess acceptauthenticationphasemessagefromtheremoteauthenticationdial-inuserservice(RADIUS)serverconveyingapositiveauthenticationreplyaccess administrationadministrationofuseraccesstoresourcessuchassystems,applications,andinformationaccess administratoruserwhomanagestheloginaccountsandaccessrightsoftheserviceandsubscriptionadministratorsandthesubscriber'sloginaccountsandaccessrightsforself-servicemanagementpurposesA GeneralGlossary20 Issue:28 access API; access interfaceapplicationprogramminginterface(API)thattheapplicationsusetoreadorwritedatainasystembasedonOpenEMSSuiteaccess attemptprocessbywhichoneormoreusersinteractwithatelecommunicationssystemtoenableinitiationofuserinformationtransferaccess authentication; AAauthenticationofauser'slog-innameandpasswordbeforetheyareallowedtoconnecttothenetworkortoadeviceaccess burst; ABsignalsentbythemobilestationtothebasetransceiverstationsothatthebasetransceiverstationcanderivethetimingadvancefromthedelayofitsarrivalaccess channel; ACchannelmarkedwithaspecialidentificationsignalandusedtogainaccesstoatrafficchannelwhen,forexample,themobilestationinitiatesacallaccess channeldesignatedpartoftheinformationtransfercapabilityhavingspecifiedcharacteristics,providedattheuser-networkinterfaceaccess channel band; AC bandthefrequencybandinuseforaccesschannelsaccess chronologyinformationthattheUCSbusinesslogicenginemaintainstoassociatetheuseofaspecificservicewiththecorrectsubscriptionandtoapplythecorrectchargebasedonthetimeatwhichtheservicewasusedaccess concentratornetworkdevicewhichisusedtocombinemultiplecommunicationslinesontoasingle,high-speedoutputlinkaccess conditions; ACsetofsecurityattributesassociatedwithafileGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 21 access contentionconflictbetweenthedemandsmadeonanetworkterminationinmultipointaccessaccess controltechniqueforthepreventionofunauthoriseduseofaresource,includingitsuseinanunauthorisedmanner,toensuretheconfidentialityandintegrityofinformationaccess controller; ACgatewaybetweentheinternetandwirelessstationsthatareattachedtoawirelessLANaccess control list; ACLlistofentitiesandtheiraccessrightsthatisusedfortheaccesscontrolserviceaccess control list application programming interface; ACL API; accesscontrol list management interfaceapplicationprogramminginterfacethatthePoCcallprocessorprovidesforupdatingtheaccesscontrollistsviathenetworkoperator'scustomercaresystemaccess control list entry; ACEentryinanaccesscontrollistthatusuallyconsistsofatypeofentry(grouporindividualuser),nameoridentityandaccessrightsaccess control serviceinformationsecurityserviceforprovidingaccesscontrolfunctionsaccess delaytimeelapsedbetweenanaccessrequestandsuccessfulaccessaccess denialaccessfailurecausedbytheissuingofasystemblockingsignalbyacommunicationssystemthatdoesnothaveacall-originatorcamp-onfeatureoraccessfailurecausedbyexceedingthemaximumaccesstimeandnominalsystemaccesstimefractionduringanaccessattemptaccess failureinacommunicationssystem,anunsuccessfulaccessthatresultsinterminationofanaccessattemptinanymannerotherthaninitiationofuserinformationtransferbetweentheintendedsourceanddestinationwithinthespecifiedmaximumaccesstimeA GeneralGlossary22 Issue:28 access gateway; aGWgatewaythathasthemobilitymanagemententityandservinggatewayfunctionscombinedaccess grant channel; AGCHdownlinkandpoint-to-pointcommoncontrolchannel(CCH)reservedforassignmentmessagesaccess groupinlocationservices,agroupofoneormoreaccesspointswiththesameservicecharacteristicinthesamelocationaccessibility datadatawhichdefinesconnectivitybetweenLANswitchesandbetweenLANswitchesandhosts,andwhichdefineswhichlinksareinblockedstateandwhichinforwardingstateaccess informationsignallingparameterthatindicatesthenetworkinwhichthecalloriginatedorterminated,thatis,a3GorGSMnetworkaccess line loopbackloopbackinwhichtheOAMcellsareinsertedbythecustomerorthenetwork,andswitchedbackbythefirstATMnodeinthenetworkorcustomerequipmentrespectivelyAccess Link Control Application Protocol; ALCAPtransportsignallingprotocolthatisusedtosetupandteardowntransportbearersaccess list; AL; access control listlistofstatementsthatpermitsordeniespacketflowacrossaninterfacebasedoninformationcontainedinthepacketandtheparametersinthelistthatareappliedagainstthepacketcontentsaccess list managementfeaturewhichallowsuserstocontrolwhichincominginvitationstoPoCsessionsarerejectedandwhichareacceptedaccess modetechniquetoobtainaspecificrecordformortoplaceaspecificrecordinginafilecontainedinastoragedeviceGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 23 access network; ANtelecommunicationsnetworkbetweenalocalexchangeandthesubscriberstationaccess nodenodeimplementedbetweenthelocalexchange(LE)andtheuser,replacingpartorthewholeofthelocallinedistributionnetworkaccess pathpathtoafile,whichcanbeusedforfetchingafilebutdoesnotexplicitlystatethestoragelocationofthefileaccess plan viewpacketcoreconfiguratorviewthatisusedtodefinethedefaultparametersoftheaccesspointsforanewpacketnetworkaccessplan,andmodifyorviewtheparametersofanexistingaccessplanaccess point; APphysicaldevicethatconnectswiredandwirelessnetworkstogetheraccess point name; APNlogicalnamethatdescribestheactualconnectedaccesspointtotheexternalpacketdatanetworkaccordingtodomainnamesystemnamingconventionsaccess point plan viewpacketcoreconfiguratorviewthatisusedtomodifyandviewtheparametersofaselectedaccesspointaccess point provisioningprovisioningoftheaccesspointsinasystemsothattheaccesspointspecificconfigurationdataisconsistentindifferentnetworkelementsaccess point re-hostingre-hostingthatincludesremovinganaccesspointfromonegatewayGPRSsupportnode(GGSN)andcreatinganaccesspointinanotherGGSNforthetrafficofaspecificend-useraccess profile; ATM access profilegroupofattributesassociatedwithanATMinterfaceorwithavirtualpathterminationpointA GeneralGlossary24 Issue:28 access profiledescriptionthatcontainstheaccessrightsfortheassociatedcredentialsandisusedforauthorisation,whichoccursafterauthenticationaccess protocolprotocolthatisadoptedataninterfaceataspecifiedreferencepointbetweenauserandanetworktoenabletheusertoinvoketheservicesorfacilitiesofthatnetworkaccess rejectauthenticationphasemessagefromtheremoteauthenticationdial-inuserservice(RADIUS)serverconveyinganegativeauthenticationreplyaccess revenue sharingrevenuesharinginwhichtherevenuemadefromtheaccessportionofaneventissplitaccess right; permissiondefinedrightwhichcontrolstheuseofasystemoritspartsaccess router; ARaccessserverthatprovidesmobileconnectionstodatanetworksandcorporatelocalareanetworksfromtheswitchingcentreaccess security; network access securitysecurityfeaturethatprovidesuserswithsecureaccesstothenetworkservicesandprotectsagainstattacksontheradiolinkaccess security management entity; ASMEaccessnetworknodethatreceivesthetop-levelcryptographickeysfromthehomesubscriberserverorhomelocationregisteraccess server; ASserverthatconnectstheusertothenetworkaccess servicepartoftransactionprocessingwhichstartsatthereceptionofanaccesstokenandendsatthereleaseofthetokenGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 25 access service network; ASNaccessnetworkthatprovidesradioaccessforaWiMAXsubscriberaccess service provider; ASPserviceproviderthatprovidesandcontrolstheaccessnetworkbetweentheenduserandthebackbonenetworkaccess stratum; ASfunctionalgroupingconsistingofthepartsintheinfrastructureandinthemobilestationandtheprotocolsbetweenthesepartsbeingspecifictotheaccesstechniqueaccess stratum service data unit; access stratum SDUservicedataunitthatistransferredovertheaccessstratumserviceaccesspoint(SAP)inthecorenetworkorinthemobilestationaccess tandem /US/; ATswitchingsystemthatprovidesaconcentrationanddistributionfunctionfororiginatingandterminatingtrafficbetweenendofficesandacustomer'slocationaccess tierlogicallayerofadistributedsystemthatisresponsibleforuserauthenticationandserviceauthorisationofthesystemaccess timetimeintervalbetweentheinstantwhendataisrequestedfromamemorydevicetotheinstantwhenitisdeliveredtothecentralprocessingunit,andviceversaaccess transport; ATPsignallingparametergeneratedontheaccesssideofacallandtransferredtransparentlyineitherdirectionbetweenoriginatingandterminatinglocalexchangesaccess validity emulator; AVEemulatorthatreadstheaccesslogsoftheICDservicedirectory,picksoutrecordsconcerningthetrafficanalyser,emulatesthetrafficanalyser,andwritesvaliditydataregardingthereadoperationaccess zone; AZ; public access zone; hotspotpubliclocation,forexampleanoffice,campus,hotelorairport,wherewirelessLANconnectionsareprovidedtousersA GeneralGlossary26 Issue:28 accountabilitypropertyofasystem,includingallofitssystemresources,thatensuresthattheactionsofasystementitymaybetracedaccount balance; walletamountofresources(forexamplemonetary)inasubscriber'saccountaccount balance enquiry; balance enquiryenquirythatasubscribercanusetogettheirownaccountbalanceorthatanaccountownercanusetogetthebalanceofamulti-useraccountaccount balance managementprocessofmanagingtheaccountbalanceinthebalanceholderaccount card calling; ACCINservicefeaturewhichallowsthecallertobeautomaticallychargedonatelephoneaccountsubscribedwiththenetworkoperator,foranytypeofoutgoingcallaccountingcollectionandanalysisofdatarelatedtotheuseofthenetworkandservicestomonitortheamountandmonetaryvalueoftrafficAccounting-Answer message; AWA; accounting answerDiametermessagethatisusedtoacknowledgeanAccounting-Requestmessageaccounting countercounterwhichstoresdatarelatedtoconversationtimeinseconds,numberofcalls,andnumberofgeneratedchargingpulsesaccounting counter filefilethatcontainsdifferentkindsofaccountingcounterdataaccounting cycletimeperiodduringwhichallthechargeableeventsarerecordedandthechargesarecalculated,butnotbilledGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 27 accounting improvementfeaturewhichenablestheoperatortodefinefourseparatedayclassgroupsfornormalweekdays,aswellasspecialdaysaccounting information record; AIRrecordthatanetworkelementgenerateswiththepurposeofpassingrelevantdataorinformationtoacentralisedaccountingfunctionaccounting management; charging managementsetoffunctionswhichenablestheuseoftelecommunicationsnetworkservicestobemeasuredandthecostsforsuchusetobedeterminedandrenderedaccounting meter recordrecordthatcontainsinformationononeormorecountersthatregistertheuseofresourcesasawholeaccounting OFFremoteauthenticationdial-inuserservice(RADIUS)accountingmessagethatthegatewayGPRSsupportnode(GGSN)sendstotheRADIUSaccountingserverwhentheaccesspointbecomesinactivesothattheIPaddressescanbereleasedaccounting ONremoteauthenticationdial-inuserservice(RADIUS)accountingmessagethatthegatewayGPRSsupportnode(GGSN)sendstotheRADIUSaccountingserverwhentheaccesspointbecomesactivesothattheIPaddressespossiblyhangingcanbereleasedAccounting-Request message; ACR; accounting request; ACR messageDiametermessagethatisusedtorequestaccountinginformationfromaDiameterpeeraccounting sessionsessionthatthenetworkelementconnectedtotheonlineservicecontroller(OSC)initiateswheneverthesubscriberretrievescontentviathatnodeaccounting startremoteauthenticationdial-inuserservice(RADIUS)accountingmessagethatthegatewayGPRSsupportnode(GGSN)sendstotheRADIUSaccountingserverwhenaPDPcontextiscreatedA GeneralGlossary28 Issue:28 accounting stopremoteauthenticationdial-inuserservice(RADIUS)accountingmessagethatthegatewayGPRSsupportnode(GGSN)sendstotheRADIUSaccountingserverwhenaPDPcontextisdeletedaccount managementprocessthatprovidesthecustomerservicerepresentativeacomprehensivecapabilitytoaccesscustomeraccountinformationaccount ownerpersonororganisationlegallyresponsibleforpayingthebillsoracceptinganypenaltiesaccount queryqueryforthebalanceofaprepaidsubscriptionaccumulated call meter; ACMinformationstoredontheSIMcard,holdingtheinformationaboutthetotalchargesforallcallsmadeaccuracyperformancecriterionthatdescribesthedegreeofcorrectnesswithwhichafunctionisperformedaccuracy; accuracy of a clockabilityofaclocktomaintainfrequencyandtimeincomparisonwiththenationalstandardsACID properties; ACIDpropertiesthatadatabasetransactionshouldsatisfyacknowledged mode; AMradiolinkcontrolmodeinwhichaservicedataunit(SDU)istransmittedtoapeerwhichthenacknowledgesitacknowledged mode data; AMD; AM datadatathatthetransmittingsideofaradiolinkcontrolprotocolentitysendsintheacknowledgedmodeGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 29 acknowledgementserviceofthesignallingconnectioncontrolpart(SCCP)bywhichthereceiverofthemessageinformsthesenderofthecorrectreceiptacknowledgement request bit; A bitcontrolfieldbitforthelogicallinkcontrol(LLC)containedinconfirmedinformationtransferframes(IformatorIframe)andsupervisoryfunctionsframes(SformatorSframe)toindicatewhetheracknowledgementisrequestedacoustic couplingacousticphenomenonbetweentheearpieceandmouthpieceofthehandsetthatcancauseanechoacoustic echoechoformedinthetelephonesetwhenthesoundiscarriedfromtheloudspeakertothemicrophoneviathehandsetorfromtheenvironmentacoustic echo cancellation; AECprocessofremovingtheechothatisproducedbycouplingbetweentheearpieceandmicrophoneinhandsetsandhandsfreedevicesacoustic echo cancellation measurementnetwork-element-specificmeasurementthatcollectsacousticechocancellationinformationfromtheinterfacesignallingunitsacoustic echo canceller /GB/; acoustic echo canceler /US/; AECbasetransceiverstationsystemfeatureusedforremovingtheechocausedbycouplingbetweenthehandsetearpieceandmouthpieceacoustic echo controllervoice-operateddeviceinstalledinaudioterminalsonthecustomerpremises,usedforthepurposeofeliminatingacousticechoesandprotectingthecommunicationfromhowlingduetoacousticfeedbackfromloudspeakertomicrophoneacoustic noiseunwantedaudibledisturbanceintheaudiofrequencyrangeacoustic noise emission; noise emissionnoiseemittedbyasoundornoisesourceA GeneralGlossary30 Issue:28 acquisition indication channel; AICH; acquisition indicator channelphysicalchannelusedtocarryacquisitionindicators(AI)AC statisticsfeaturewhichprovidesstatisticaldatathroughauthenticationactiontypeofmanagementoperationwhichappliestomanagedobjectsasawhole.Itsimpactisgenerallynotconfinedtomodificationsofattributevaluesaction indicationindicationmessagewhichthesenderusestoreportaboutaspecificevent,fromarangeofdiscretepossibilitiesactivatetobringaserviceintoanactivestateinwhichitwillbeinvokedbytheoccurrenceofastateoreventdeterminedbythenatureoftheserviceoratregistrationActivateServiceFiltering procedure; ActivateServiceFilteringprocedurewhichmakestheserviceswitchingfunctionhandlecallstodestinationsinaspecifiedmannerwithoutrequestinginstructionsfromtheservicecontrolfunctionactivateSSoperationinwhichasupplementaryserviceisbroughtintoanactivestateactivation; service activation; activation of serviceprocesswhichbringsaserviceintoanactivestateinwhichitwillbeinvokedbytheoccurrenceofastateoreventdeterminedbythenatureoftheserviceoratregistrationactivation allowedcommandthatisusedtoallowtheactivationofasignallinglinkactivation command pull interfaceinterfacethatisusedtotransferactivationcommandstothebusinesssupportsystemandtothecustomercareandbillingsystem(CCB)GeneralGlossary AIssue:28 31 activation deniedcommandthatisusedtodenytheactivationofasignallingrouteactivation file transfer interfaceinterfacethatisusedtoreceiveactivationcommandsfromthebusinesssupportsystemandtosendbackresultfilescontainingtheresultsoftheactivationcommandsactivation of barring based on roamingfeaturewhichtheoperatorusestopreventsubscribersfromroamingoutsidetheirhomenetworkandmakingexpensiveinternationalphonecalls,andthenrefrainingfrompayingthemactivation status; feature activation statusparameterthatdescribestheactivityoftheoptionalfeatureactivation testtestinwhichtheexchangeattemptsacalltoasubscriberandreleasesitbeforeringingphaseiftheterminalrespondstothecallattemptactivebroughtintoanactivestateforinvocationattheoccurrenceofastateoreventdeterminedbythenatureoftheserviceoratregistrationactive alarmalarmthatindicatesafailureandthatthealarmmanagementhasnotyetclearedactive alarm polarityexternalalarminputcharacteristicwhichdefinesthelogicalstateoftheexternalalarminputwhenthecorrespondingalarmissetbythealarmsystemactive alarms database; AADBdatabaseinwhichallactivealarmsarestoredandwhichthusindicatesthesituationinthenetworkactive alarms listlistoftheactivealarmsrelatedtoaspecificpartofthemanagednetwork,suchasamanagedobject,andsortedbyalarmcategoryandtimeofalarmA GeneralGlossary32 Issue:28 active and operativestatusofthesupplementaryservicewhenitisactivatedandthesubscribercanoperatewithitactive and quiescentstatusofthesupplementaryservicewhenitisactivatedbutthesubscribercannotoperatewithitactive CGcharginggatewaytowhichchargingrecordsaresentactive codec set; ACSsetofdifferentactivecodecmodesthatareselectedfromthesupportedcodecsetactive communicationcommunicationmodeinwhichacircuitswitchedconnectionisestablishedactive condition; activecondition,suchasanalarm,thatisstillopenandhasnotbeenclearedactive data connection; active connectiondataconnectionthattheclientinitiatesactive IMSIinternationalmobilesubscriberidentity(IMSI)withwhichthesubscriberisregisteredinthenetworkactive incoming call barring categoryvalidincomingcallbarringcategoryactivatedbyauseractive keycryptographickeythatiscurrentlyusedtoprotectdatathatisstoredinadatabaseactive licence file /GB/ ; active license file /US/licencefilewhosestarttimehasbeenreachedGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 33 active location retrieval; ALRfeaturewherebytheGSMservicecontrolfunction(gsmSCF)explicitlyrequeststhecurrentlocationofthemobileterminalinanytimeinterrogationactive measurementmeasurementwherethemeasurementsystemisinanactiverolegeneratingtesttrafficandmeasuringitspropertiesactive mobile station; active MSmobilestationthatisswitchedonandthathasaSIMcardattachedactive mode auto-tuning; active mode tuningfastauto-tuningofthehandoverandthenetwork-controlledcellreselection(NCCRS)triggersandthresholdsaccordingtothecellstatusactive modular processactiveprocessinaprocesspairactive PDP contextPDPcontextwhichisstoredintheservingGPRSsupportnode(SGSN)wheretheuserhasperformedsuccessfulPDPcontextactivationandwhichcontainsallthenegotiatedparameters(qualityofserviceandaccesspointname)active pending state; active pendingstateoflocallyactivatedtracingandmonitoringwhentheirsettingsarestoredinthevisitorlocationregister(VLR)whichisactivelywaitingforthesubscriberorequipmenttoregisteractive PoC sessionPoCsessioninwhichpacketsbasedonboththeReal-TimeTransportProtocolandfloorcontrolprotocolarecarriedtotheuseractive queue managementprocessofmanagingaqueuebyusingrandomearlydetection(RED),weightedrandomearlydetection,orREDwithinandoutasarandomdropalgorithmactive redundancyredundancywhereinallmeansforperformingarequiredfunctionareintendedtooperatesimultaneouslyA GeneralGlossary34 Issue:28 active routerrouterselectedfromtheroutergroup,whichisresponsibleforforwardingthepacketsthathostssendtothevirtualrouteratanygiventimeactive serviceserviceforwhichtimeorconditiontriggershavebeensetbyauseractive setsetofradiolinkssimultaneouslyinvolvedinaspecificcommunicationservicebetweenthemobilestationandradioaccessnetwork(RAN)accesspointactive software build; active SW buildsoftwarebuildwhoseloadmodulesaredefaultversionsactive-standby recovery grouprecoverygroupthatisusedtoimplementactive-standbyredundancyactive-standby redundancystandbyredundancyinwhichtheactiveprocessesformaloadsharinggroupandreplicatetheirstatetotheirowndedicatedstandbyprocessActive statestateintowhichthesubscriberisplaceduponmakingthefirstoutgoingcallenablingthesubscribertomakeandreceivecallsactive supervisionsupervisionwheretheobjectofthesupervisionactivelytakespartinsupervisionbycommunicatingwithsupervisorinsomewayactive synchronisation unitsynchronisationunitthatisfeedingclocksignalstotheexchangeandissynchronisedtoonesynchronisationsignalactive system maintenance computer; A-SYMunitinwhichthecentralpartofthealarmsystem,therecoverysystemandthediagnosticsarelocatedGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 35 active threatthreatofanunauthorisedchangetothestateofthesystemoralternationofinformationcontainedinthesystemactive UE; active user equipmentuserequipmentforwhichatleastonenon-GBRdataradiobearerhasbeenconfiguredsuccessfullyactive unitunitthatisinaworkingexecutingorworkingrestartstateactive user monitorapplicationwhichdisplaysthecurrentnumberofactiveusersandgroupsinthetrafficandcontrolservers,makingitpossibletomonitortheloadoftheserversactivity factorforacommunicationschannelduringaspecifiedtimeinterval,thepercentageoftimethatasignalispresentinthechannelineitherdirectionActivityTest procedure; AT; ActivityTestprocedurethatisusedtocheckforthecontinuedexistenceofarelationshipbetweentheservicecontrolfunction(SCF)andtheserviceswitchingfunction(SSF),betweentheSCFandthecallunrelatedservicefunction(CUSF),orbetweenSCFsactorprocessinChorusoperatingsystem(ChorusOS)actor identifier; actor IDintegerthatidentifiesanactorintheChorusOSoperatingsystemactor supervisionpartoffaultmanagementinaChorusunitwiththepurposeofmonitoringtheoperationofactors,detectingerroneousbehaviourandexceptions,reportingthemtothelocalrecoverysystem,andrestartingfailedactorsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbytherecoverysystemactual group membervirtualprivatenetworkgroupmemberincludedinthevirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)groupandprovidedwiththeserviceA GeneralGlossary36 Issue:28 actual parameterexpressiongiventoaprocessorprocedureforthecorrespondingformalparameterwhentheprocessorprocedureiscreatedorcalledadaptationfunctionwhichchangestheclient-layerinformationintoaformsuitablefortransferontheserverlayer,orrecoverstheoriginalformofinformationadaptation database tailoringfeaturethatenablesthemanualdefinitionofthedatabaseschemaforadaptationfragmentsadaptation deploymentprocessofusingtheadaptationmanagertodeployadaptationmetadatainasystembasedonOpenEMSSuiteadaptation deployment interfacesouthmediationinterfacethatisusedtodeployadaptationmetadataduringsysteminstallationandatruntimeadaptation descriptiontablethatcontainsthemeasurementtypesandmeasuredindicatorsthatareusedascountersinanadaptationprojectadaptation filefilethatcontainsadaptationmetadatainXMLformatadaptation fragment; adaptation model fragmentpartofcommonO&Mmetamodelthatrelatestoaspecificinstanceoftheadaptationmetamodeladaptation identifier; adaptation IDidentifierthatuniquelyidentifiesanadaptationadaptation information browser; AIBtoolthatisspecificallydesignedforbrowsingadaptationinformationonobjectclassesandonperformance,configuration,andfaultmanagementGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 37 adaptation interfaceinterfacethatcanbeusedatruntimetoconfigureperformance,fault,andconfigurationmanagementdatainasystembasedonOpenEMSSuitetomanageanykindsofnetworkresourcesorservicesadaptation logicapplicationlogicthatallowsadaptationmetadatatobesupportedandimplementedproperlyinapplicationclientsadaptation managementcommonOSScomponentthatprovidestoolsformappingeachnetworkelementreleaseandadaptation-fragment-specificdatatotheexistingdatamodelsandsemanticsadaptation managermanagerthatconfigurestheOpenEMSSuiterun-timeenvironmentbywritingthenewmetadataintothesystemsdatabaseanddeletingtheoldmetadatafromthere,changingthedatabaseschema,andnotifyingtheapplicationsaboutthechangedmetadataadaptation metadata; adaptationmetadatathatisusedtoconfigurethesoftwaretohandlenewnetworkelementsorservicetypesadaptation modulemoduleconsistingofasetofprotocolsthatconvertservicetriggersandhandlestothepropersyntaxtosupporttheservicesexpectedbyaparticularprotocoladaptation patch level; patch level; adaptation versionversionofadaptationmetadatathatallowsdifferentadaptationfragmentstobedefinedseparatelyfromthemainadaptationreleaseadaptation projectprojectthatcombinesthecreationofalladaptationfilesthatbelongtonetwork-element-relatedadaptationmetadataadaptation releaseversionofadaptationmetadatathatneedstobecreatedforeachnewnetworkelementreleaseA GeneralGlossary38 Issue:28 adaptation root classrootclassofthemanagedsystemsobjectmodelAdaptation SDKpartoftheSoftwareDevelopmentKit(SDK)thatsupportscreationanddeploymentofadaptationstoOpenEMSSuiteadaptation sinktransportprocessingfunctionwhichpresentstheclientlayernetworkcharacteristicinformationatitsoutputbyprocessingtheinformationpresentedatitsinputbytheserverlayernetworktrailadaptation sourcetransportprocessingfunctionwhichacceptsclientlayernetworkcharacteristicinformationatitsinputandprocessesittoallowtransferoveratrailintheserverlayernetworkadapterfittingusedbetweentwosetsofequipmenttoprovideatransitionfromonetotheotherwhentheycannotbedirectlyconnectedadaptive antenna system; AASantennasystemthatadaptivelyexploitsmorethanoneantennatoincreasecoverageandsystemcapacityadaptive differential pulse code modulation; ADPCMformofdifferentialpulsecodemodulationthatusesadaptivequantisingadaptive equalizerdevicethatautomaticallycompensatesforthedistortionexperiencedbyadigitalsignaloradigitallymodulatedsignalinitspassagethroughatransmissionsystemadaptive frame alignmentprocesswherethemobilestationtimesitstransmissionstothebasetransceiverstationinlinewiththosereceivedfromthebasetransceiverstationadaptive gain controlmethodofmodifyingthesendingandreceivingsensitivitiesbasedonthesurroundingnoiselevelGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 39 adaptive predictorpredictorwhoseestimatingfunctionismadevariableaccordingtotheshorttermspectralcharacteristicsofthesampledsignaladaptive quantising /GB/; adaptive quantizing /US/quantisinginwhichsomeparametersaremadevariableaccordingtotheshorttermstatisticalcharacteristicsofthequantisedsignaladaptive reporting raterateofcreatingmeasurementreportswhichvariesaccordingtotheallowedchangeswithreferencetothelastreportedvalueadaptive transmission bandwidth; ATBtransmissionbandwidththatcanbemodifiedbasedonthetransmissiontimeintervaladaptor; RPC Solution Suite adaptor; adapterinatelecommunicationsmanagementnetwork(TMN),partofadistributedmanagementapplicationwhichusuallyresidesinanexternalsystemandimplementstheintegrationinterfaceadd-drop capacity; add/drop capacitymultiplexingfunctioninconnectionwithsynchronousdigitalhierarchythatallowslowerlevelsignalstobeaddedtoordroppedfromahigh-speedopticalcarrierchanneladd-drop multiplexer; ADM; add-drop nodemultiplexerforinsertingsignalsinand/orextractingthemfromanSTM-Nframeadd-in card; add-on card; expansion cardprintedboardthatcanbepluggedintoafreeslotofacomputertoprovidespecificextrafunctionsadditional call information message; ACI; ACI messagemessagewhichisusedtorequestandsendsupplementarycallinformationadditional calling line identity; ACLI; additional calling party numberaddressinformationwhichidentifiestheadditionallineofacallingsubscriberforcallinglineidentificationpresentation(CLIP)A GeneralGlossary40 Issue:28 additional chargingchargingdeterminedbytheoriginofthecallortheclassofthecallingpartyandgeneratedbypulsetraincharging,timecharging,orbyacombinationoftheseadditional charging pointchargingpointintheascendingdirectionbelowthemainchargingpointadditional charging zonechargingzone,otherthanthemainchargingzone,accordingtowhichmeteringpulsescanbegeneratedtothecalladditional connected line identity; aCOL; additional COLnumberwhichidentifiestheadditionallineofthesubscriberforconnectedlineidentificationpresentation(COLP)additional dialling /GB/; additional dialing /US/diallingusedinactivationanddeactivationoffacilitiesincaseswhentheuseofafacilityinthenetworkrequiresfurtherinformationadditional digit time supervision; time supervision for the additional digit;additional number supervision; main number time supervisionperiodintimewithinwhichtheusermustsupplytheadditionaldigitinpost-diallingadditional GPRS and EGPRS capacity; additional (E)GPRS capacitypartoftheGPRSandEGPRSterritorythatisallocatedforpacket-switchedtrafficwhentheloadissohighthatthedefaultGPRSandEGPRScapacityisnotenoughadditional informationinformationwhichdescribescurrentfunctionalcharacteristicsofaunitadditional intra-frequency adjacency; ADJDlogicaladjacencyobjectthatisusedtocontrolintra-frequencyhandoverswhenthenumberofadjacenciesisgreaterthan31additional network functionsfunctionswhichincreasecallcontrolpossibilitiesinthenetworkGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 41 additional numbernumberthatisdefinedtothesameaccessasthemainnumberadditional object informationadditionalinformationattachedtoamanagedobjectadditional operationfunctionaldefinitionelementthatgivesadditionalfunctionstothebasicoperationsandthatcanbeexecutedonlyifthebasicoperationisexecutedadditional out-line numberout-linenumberusedtoaccessadifferentnumberingplanthantheoneaccessedbyusingthemainout-linenumberadditional output control blockguidancemessagethatindicateshowtoexecuteorcancelanMMLcommandadditional routing infoinformationinthedatabaseoftheserviceroutingregister(SRRiDB)thatisusedtoderivetheroutingaddressforthemapapplicationterminatingfunction(MATF)additional signalling point code /GB/; additional signaling point code /US/signallingpointcodethatisusedtoincreasethesignallingcapacitybetweentwoormorenetworkelementsadditive white Gaussian noise; AWGNstatisticallyrandomradionoisethatischaracterisedbyawidefrequencyrangewithregardstoasignalinacommunicationschanneladd-onsoftwareoradaptationmetadatathatisdevelopedbycustomersontopofanalreadyinstalledOpenEMSSuiteatruntimeadd-on chargesingleadditionalchargewhichdoesnotchangethecurrenttariffA GeneralGlossary42 Issue:28 add-on conference; CONF; conference calling add-onconferencecallingthatallowstheusertoreserveaconferenceresourceformakingamultipartycall,indicatingthedate,time,andconferenceduration.Oncetheconferenceisactive,theusercontrolstheconference,andmayadd,drop,isolate,reattach,orsplitpartiesadd-on featurefeaturethatsupplementsanexistingfeatureadd-on managermanagerthatprovidesforpowerusersawebuserinterfaceforinstalling,updating,andremovingadaptationmetadataandadd-onsoftwareinOpenEMSSuiteadd partyfunctionthatextendstheswitchedvirtualcircuit(SVC)toreachanewleaftoanexistingpoint-to-multipointconnectionwhentherootstartssendingdatatoanewuseraddresscharacterorgroupofcharactersthatidentifiesaregister,aparticularpartofmemoryorsomeotherdatasourceordestinationaddressdatastructureorlogicalconventionusedtoidentifyauniqueentity,suchasaparticularprocess,networkdeviceoruseraddressable entitycustomerpremisesequipmentorotherterminationpointthathasanaddressaddressable unitunitthatcontainsalogical,relative,orphysicalcomputeraddressandsocanbereachedbyaDMXmessageaddress analysisfunctionthatfindsoutthepossiblesubdestinationsforthecallaccordingtothecalledpartyaddressaddress autoconfigurationmechanismbywhichanodeinanetworkcanconfigureanIPaddresswhichisuniquethroughouttheconnectedportionofthenetworkGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 43 address complete message; ACMsignallingmessagesentinthebackwarddirectionindicatingthatalltheaddresssignalsrequiredforroutingthecalltothecalledpartyhavebeenreceivedaddress conversionfunctionwhichperformsconversionbetweenE.164andNSAP(networkserviceaccesspoint)addressformatsaddress digitsdigitsequencewhichdefinesinthenetworkthepointwhichthecalliscomingfrom,orwherethecallisgoingtoaddress familysetofIPaddresseswithcommoncharacteristicsaddress fileinthemobileclient,alinearelementaryfilethatstorestheaddressofthelanguagefilesandsomeadditionaldataaddress handling; AHfunctionwhichprovidesanalysis,translation,modification,addressportabilityoperations,andmappingofaliasaddressesaddress hidingfunctionwhichallowsthesendingofanonymousmessageswherethesender'saddressormobilesubscriberinternationalISDNnumber(MSISDN)isnotshowntotherecipientaddress informationinformationdefiningthatpointinthenetworktowhichacallisdestinatedaddressingprocessbywhichacallinguserindicatestheidentityofthecalleduseronaparticularcall.Itincludesanetworkaddressing(numbering)componenttoidentifythecalleduser-networkinterface,andmayalsoincludefurtherinformation(sub-address)toidentifyaparticularterminalbeyondthepublicnetwork(ISDN)addressingassignmentofaddressestotheinstructionsofaprogramA GeneralGlossary44 Issue:28 address managementfunctionthatmanagesauser'sdirectorynumbersaddress-of-record; AORSIPuniformresourceidentifier(URI)thatpointstoadomainwithalocationservicethatcanmaptheURItoanotherURIwheretheusermightbeavailableaddress registerregisterinwhichanaddressisstoredaddress resolutionconversionofaninternetaddressintothecorrespondingphysicaladdressAddress Resolution Protocol; ARPprotocolwhichoperatesonthenetworklayerandisusedformappingIPaddressestolinklayeraddressesaddress serverserverforaddressconversions,forexamplebetweenasymbolicandatechnicaladdressaddress server; AdSinapushtotalkcallprocessor,aserverinthemanagementplanewhichprovidesmappinginformationneededtolocatethecorrectauthorisationserverduringsignallingtransactionsaddress signalelementofinformationinanetworknumber,sentintheforwarddirectionincallset-upsignallingaddress spacenumberofdistinctlocationsthatmaybereferredtoaddress table; page tabletablethatavirtualmemoryinanoperatingsystemusestostorethemappingbetweenvirtualaddressesandphysicaladdressesGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 45 address translationfunctionofaGPRSsupportnodethatprovidesthemeanstotranslateanaddressusedinaGPRSbackbonenetworktoidentifyaPDPcontextintoaninternaladdressformatusedinaservingGPRSsupportnode(SGSN)andviceversaaddress type analysisanalysisforextractingdifferentelementsfromtheaddressad hoc grouptalkgroupwhichuserscanestablishthemselvesfortheirownusewithouttheneedtocontacttheoperatorortouseagroupmanagementsystemad hoc networknetworkthatdoesnothaveabasetransceiverstation,centralcontrol,orwiredinfrastructure,thecommunicationsofwhicharesupportedviamobile-to-mobiletransmissionad hoc pro group; ad hoc group proadhocgroupwhichprofessionaluserscanestablishthemselvesfortheirownusewithouttheneedtocontacttheoperatorortouseagroupmanagementsystemad-hoc query; ad hoc query; self-service reportingquerythatuserscanmaketoasktheirownquestionsonthedatawithoutrelyingtotheITsupporttocreateareportadjacencyrelationshipbetweentwocommunicatingneighboringpeernodesformedforthepurposeofexchangingroutinginformationadjacencyrelationshipthatisdefinedbetweenawidebandcodedivisionmultipleaccess(WCDMA)cellandaneighbouringcelladjacency list; adjacent cell listlistofcellsandtheiradjacentcellsusedforthedefinitionoftheinterferencebycalculatingthebiterrorratio(BER)betweeneverycellforeverybasetransceiverstationA GeneralGlossary46 Issue:28 adjacent AAL2 node identifier; ANIparameterthatidentifiestheadjacentATMadaptationlayertype2(AAL2)nodebyauniquestringinthenetworkadjacent channel interference; ACIinterferencecausedbyatransmitteroperatingonanadjacentradiochanneladjacent channel leakage power ratio; ACLR; adjacent channel leakageratioratioofthetransmittedpowertothepowerthatismeasuredafterareceiverfilterintheadjacentradiofrequencychanneladjacent channel power; ACPthatpartofthetotaloutputpowerofatransmitter,modulatedunderdefinedconditions,whichfallswithinaspecifiedbandwidthcentredonthenominalfrequencyofeitheroftheadjacentchannelsadjacent channel selectivity; ACSselectivityoftheequipmentwithrespecttoitsadjacentchanneladjacent point code; APCpointcodetowhichthelocalnodeisdirectlyconnectedadjacent signalling points /GB/; adjacent signaling points /US/twosignallingpointsthataredirectlyinterconnectedbyasignallinglinkorsignallinglinksadjunct; ADentityintheintelligentnetworkthatisfunctionallyequivalenttoaservicecontrolpointbutisdirectlyconnectedtoaserviceswitchingpointadjunct platformplatformforoperationandmaintenanceapplicationservicesanddifferentnetworkelementmanagementapplicationsandtoolsAdler-32 checksum; ADLER3232-bitchecksumusedforthedetectionofdatacorruptionGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 47 administrationactionsrelatedtoconfigurationmanagement,security,backups,andtimemanagementofanetworkornetworkelementadministration centre; ADCnodeoftheTMNwhichprovidesforPLMNoperator-specificrequirementsintheadministrationandcommercialareasadministration entitypublictelecommunicationadministrationorrecognisedprivateoperatingagencyadministration interfaceinterfacefromthenetworkservertowardstheoperator'sadministrativesystemadministration management domain; ADMDmanagementdomainmanagedbyanadministrationwhichcanbeatelecommunicationadministrationorarecognisedprivateoperatingagencyadministration nodededicatedhostinaclusteredmessagingcentrethroughwhichthewholeclustercanbemanagedadministration of measurements; AoMNetActfunctionformanagingtheperformancemeasurementsadministration tasktaskwhichcoversabroadgroupoffunctionsthatsustaintelecommunicationservicesoncetheyhavebeenestablishedadministration user interface; AUIuserinterfaceforoperatorstodooperationalandadministrativetasksadministrative centre interface; AdC interfaceinterfacebetweenahomelocationregister(HLR)andanadministrativecentreA GeneralGlossary48 Issue:28 administrative computer; AdC; administrative centrenetworkelementwhichperformsdatacollectiontosupportbillingandothercentraltasksrelatedtoserviceadministrationadministrative domaincollectionofsystemsandsubnetworksoperatedbyasingleorganisationoradministrativeauthorityadministrative logloginwhichinformationabouttheoperationsperformedwiththeadministrationinterfaceissavedadministrative protocol module; APMconnectionserverprocessthatverifiesthefunctionsofthephysicalconnectiontothehostadministrative stateattributewhichdescribesthefunctionalstateofmanagedobjectsadministrative state of the radio network object; administrative statefunctionalstateofaradionetworkobjectfromtheoperator'sviewpointadministrative unit; AUstructuralpartofanSTM-1framethatconsistsofahigherordervirtualcontainerandanAUpointeradministrative unit group; AUGadministrativeunitorgroupofadministrativeunitswithafixedpositioninanSTM-1frameadministrative unit pointer; AU pointerpointerthatisaddedtoahigherordervirtualcontainerforthelocationofinformationbitsadministratoroperatorofalocalareanetworkorsomeotherpassword-restrictedcommunicationsystemwhotakescareofissuingotheruserswithaccessrightsanduseridentifiers,andwhoisresponsibleforvariouskindsofmaintenancetaskssuchasbackupcopyinganddeletingunnecessaryfilesGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 49 administrator accountbuilt-inuseraccountincomputersthatusetheWindowsoperatingsystem,whichhasfullandcompleterightstoeverythingonthecomputeradministrator loglogthatconsistsofentriesabouttheactionsthatadministratorsandcontentprovidersperformadmission control; ACprocessthatdealswiththemanagementofavailableresourcesinacell,sothatwheneverarequestismadeforresourcesatbearerset-up,bearerre-negotiation,orhandover,adecisionprocesswilldeterminetheactualresourceallocationADSL LiteversionoftheADSLservice,whereonlyalimitedbandwidthisavailable,asspecifiedinITU-TG.992.2advanced device management; ADM; TARM; terminal administration rightsmodelsetofadvancedsecuritypoliciesandcontrolsformobiledevicesAdvanced Encryption Standard; AESUSgovernmentstandardforasymmetriccryptographicalgorithm,beingdraftedbytheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)advanced HLR splitting; advanced HLR splitHLRsplittinginwhichthecombinedcapacityoftwoexistinghomelocationregisters(HLR)issharedadvanced indoor radio; AIRsignaldistributionsystemthatprovidesseamlessindoorcoverageinWCDMAnetworksadvanced management module; AMMhot-swappablemodulethatisusedtoconfigureandmanagealltheinstalledbladeserversAdvancedMC; AMC; AMC modulemezzaninethatisoptimisedtoenhancethemodularityofAdvancedTCAandtoextendperformancescalabilityA GeneralGlossary50 Issue:28 advanced media server packageH.248packagethatdefinesaparametersyntaxtoprovideameansofreferringtoprovisionedannouncementsandvariablecontenttobeplayedwithinthemadvanced multilayer handling; AMHinthebasestationcontroller,afunctionthatprovidesefficienttoolsforoptimisingtheperformanceandincreasingthecapacityofbothsingle-layerandmultilayernetworksAdvancedTCA; ATCAstandardisedplatformarchitectureforcarrier-gradetelecommunicationapplicationsandequipment,withsupportforcarrier-gradefeaturesadvanced technology attachment; ATAstandardinterfaceforconnectingstoragedevicessuchasharddisksandCD-ROMdrivesintopersonalcomputersadvanced visualisationfunctionthatisusedtoprovideabettervisualviewofthenetworksituationandalsotocompletemeasurementdataadvantage framework; ADVFRW; advantage FRWapplicationserverfortelecommunicationplatformsthatisusedbycharging,billing,andcarenetworkelementsandbycorenetworkelementsadvice of charge; AOCISDNsupplementaryserviceallowingtheuserpayingforacalltobeinformedofusage-basedcharginginformationadvice of charge; AoCindicationtotheuserofthechargeofacalladvice of charge at call set-up time; AOC-S; advice of charge, charginginformation at call set-up time; advice of charge with charging informationat call setupservicewhichprovidesauserwiththecharginginformationratesinthecallset-upphaseandadditionalinformationduringacall,ifthechargingrateischangedGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 51 advice of charge during the call; AOC-D; advice of charge, charginginformation during the call; in-call advice of chargeservicewhichprovidesauserwithcumulativecharginginformationduringacalladvice of charge information; AOC-I; AoCIadviceofchargewhenthecallingsubscriberhasaGSMconnectionadvice of duration and charge; AD&C; ADCservicewhichprovidesauserwithanannouncementofthedurationofandchargeforanoutgoingcallafterthecallaerial optical cable; fibre-optic aerial cable; aerial fibre-optic cableopticalcablethatisdesignedforuseinoverheadsuspensiondevices,suchastowersorpolesAGC trackingabilityoftheautomaticgaincontrol(AGC)circuittofollowfastchangesinthelevelofthereceivedsignalage indicatorpartofthesubscriberdatainasuper-chargednetworkthatisusedtocheckthedataconsistencybetweenthehomelocationregisterandvisitorlocationregisteragentmanagementinformationserviceuserwhich,foraparticularexchangeofsystemmanagementinformation,hastakentheroleofanagentagentweb-basedsoftwareapplicationthatcollectsalarmandperformancedatafromnetworkelementsagentintheclient-servermodel,thepartofthesystemthatperformsinformationpreparationandexchangeonbehalfofaclientorserverapplicationagent advertisement message; agent advertisementrouteradvertisementmessagethatadvertisesanagentusinganattachedspecialextensionA GeneralGlossary52 Issue:28 agent objectmanagedobjectthatrepresentstheO&Magentagent rolemanagementinformationsystemusercapableofperformingoperationsonmanagedobjectsandofemittingnotificationsonbehalfofmanagedobjectsaggregatesideofthenodethatprovidestheinterfacestowardsthecentreofthenetworkaggregate bit ratebitratethatisequaltothesumoftheinputchanneldatasignallingratesavailabletotheuserandtherateoftheoverheadbitsrequiredaggregate datadatacontainedbytheinputoroutputsignalatthe2Mbit/sinterfaceaggregated linklogicaltransmissionlinkthatconsistsofmultiplecombinedlinksaggregate interfaceinterfacefortheoutputofmultiplexedsignalsfrommultiplexequipmentaggregate maximum bit rate; AMBRmaximumbitratethatisbasedonthetotalradioresourcesavailableforallnon-GBRbearersthatasubscriberhasactiveaggregate signalsignaltransmittedoverthecommonmultiplexchannelaggregating switch; aggregate switchswitchthatbindsalltheotherswitchestogetherandthatthemanagementusestoaccesstheswitchesaggregationgatheringofcharginginformationfromallchargingrecords(CDR)thatarerelatedtoasessionGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 53 aggregation class; AGCclassthatisusedtodeterminewhetheratrafficstreammeetscertainthroughputgoalsAggregation EnginepartofthePerformanceManagementPlatformthatcompressestherawperformancemanagementdataondifferentdimensions,andcalculatesandstoresmeasurementdataaggregationsassystem-managedaggregatesaggregation proxy; APproxythatprovidestheauthenticationofmanagementrequestsfromtheterminal,andtheroutingofmanagementrequeststowardsaPoCcallprocessor,presenceserver,andlistmanagementserveraggregatorrouterfunctionthatisusedtocreateasinglemessagefrommultipleindividualmessagesaggressive modemodeofthefirstphaseofInternetKeyExchange(IKE)inwhichthenegotiatingpartiesusethefirstmessagetoproposethesecuritypolicy,passdataforthekeyexchange,andpassthenonceforidentificationAGPS data interface; ADIFlogicalinterfacebetweentheradionetworkcontroller(RNC)andtheAGPSserverAIF-MTC-managerpartofAinterfaceimplementationwhichhandlesthemobile-terminatingcallset-upA interfaceinterfacebetweenabasestationcontrollerandanexchangethroughwhichalltheservicesandotherfacilitiesareofferedtoaGSMPLMNuserinordertoenabletheuseofthesystemA' interfaceinterfacebetweenthemobileservicesswitchingcentre(MSC)andmultimediagateway(MGW)A+ interfaceAinterfacefortheUMAnetworkcontrollerthatisoptimisedfor3GPPRelease4networksA GeneralGlossary54 Issue:28 A-interface attribute analysis; AIF attribute analysisattributeanalysisthattheoperatorcanusetodefinedifferentprioritylevelsformobile-originatingandmobile-terminatingcallsA interface circuit allocationterrestrialcircuitreservationpartoftheGSM08.08assignmentprocedureA-interface gateway; AGWgatewaybetweenanintranetandaGSMnetworkwhichprovidestheAinterfaceforthemobileservicesswitchingcentre(MSC)air cell; air-to-ground cellcellwhichoffersservicemainlyforairborneterminalsair interface user rate; AIURuserratebetweenthemobileterminationandthemobileservicesswitchingcentre(MSC)orinterworkingfunction(IWF)AK identifier; AKIDidentifieroftheauthorisationkey(AK)thatabasetransceiverstationhasgeneratedalarmannouncementthatisgiventothemanagementsystemaboutabnormalfunctioningofthesystemoraboutafailure,oranindicationofthedegradationoftheservicelevelorreliabilityalarm acknowledgement uploadfunctionthatisusedtotransferacknowledgementinformationbetweentheglobalsystemandregionalsystemsinbothdirectionsalarm adapter; ALA; alarm system adapterpartofthealarmsystemwhichconvertsalarmnotificationstorequestsforraisingandclearingalarms,andpassestherequeststothecentralisedpart(CP)alarm and cancel correlationfeatureinwhichthecancellationsarecomparedtotheactivealarmsandifthecancellationsmatchthealarms,thealarmsareremovedfromtheactivealarmslistGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 55 alarm bitbitthatconveysalarminformationalarm blockingsituationwherethehandlingofanalarmisblockedbyusingacommandalarm bufferingstoringalarmsinbufferswhentheycannotbedirectlyforwardedtothedestinationalarm busbusinacablethatconveysalarmsfromacartridgeorsubracktotheequipmentracktop,whichfunctionsasanalarmcollectionpointalarm-cancel alarm; AC alarm; alarm-cancel pairalarmthatiscancelledimmediatelyafterithasbeenactivatedalarm cancellation; cancellation; cancelling an alarmremovaloftheeffectofanalarminthesystemwhentheprogramwhichsetthealarmdoesnotrecognisetheremovalofthefaultalarm category; alarm classclassificationofalarmsthatconsistsofanalarmurgencylevelandalarmtypealarm clientpartofthealarmdispatcherthatisusedtoviewandcancelactivealarmsalarm collectorservicethathandlestheNE3Sprotocolandthecollectionofdataforfaultandperformancemanagementpurposesalarm condition; conditionsituationthatmaycauseanalarmalarm correlationpartofalarmflowreductioninwhichalarmsthatareknowntobeassociatedwitheachotherarecombinedA GeneralGlossary56 Issue:28 alarm correlation rule editorapplicationthatisusedforcreatingrulesforalarmcorrelationalarm counterpartoffaultmanagementapplicationoftheNMSdatabasewhichgathersdataaboutalarmsalarm daemondaemontowhichtheprocessessendalarms,andwhichhasadefinitionofhowtohandleeachalarmalarm database cleanupfunctionthatisusedtodeleteacknowledgedandcancelledalarmsfromthedatabasealarm database uploadapplicationthatisusedtoverifythatthenetworkmanagementsystem(NMS)databaseisconsistentwiththedatabasesofthenetworkelementsalarm data flowrouteandprocessthatanalarmgoesthroughfrombeingraisedtobeingclearedalarm descriptiondescriptionoftheseverity,reason,instructions,cancellation,andotherinformationwhichisrelatedtoanalarmalarm description fileadaptationfilethatiscreatedforeachspecificproblemtoprovideadditionaltextualinformationthatcanbeusedtoresolveproblemsalarm event; error notificationinternaldataobjectwhichisusedbythecharginggatewaymodulestorepresentanabnormalsituationandwhichispassedfromthemodulestothealarmdispatcheralarm event interface; RPC Solution Suite alarm event interfacereal-timealarmeventtransferinterfacethatsendseventstothemanagerastheyaregeneratedintheexternaladaptorGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 57 alarm extension module; external alarm modulemodulethatisusedtoimplementtheexternalalarmconnectionalarm filteringpartofalarmflowreductionthatallowstheblockingofcertainalarmsfromthenetworkmanagementsystem(NMS)alarm filtering and reclassificationfeaturethatisusedinnetworkmanagementsystemsforcontrollingtheparametersofthenetworkelementalarmsandthatiscomposedofalarmfilteringandalarmreclassificationalarm flow reductionprocessofmakingnetworkmonitoringmoreefficientthroughalarmfiltering,correlation,andreclassificationalarm flow supervisionsupervisionthatmonitorsthetransferofalarmsfromregionalsystemstotheglobalclusterandgeneratesaninternalalarmifthealarmflowisdelayedorinterruptedalarm forwarderapplicationthatforwardscertainalarmsfromthemanagedsystemtothepersonnelresponsibleforfaultstudyandcorrectionalarm forwarding to e-mailfeaturewherebyallthealarmmessagescomingtothenetworkmanagementsystemaretestedagainstasetofforwardingcriteriaandthosematchingitareforwardedviaane-mailsystemfromtheNMSworkstationtoadefinede-mailaddressoraddressesalarm forwarding to paging systemfeaturewherebyallthealarmmessagescomingtothenetworkmanagementsystemaretestedagainstasetofforwardingcriteriaandthosematchingitareforwardedfromtheNMSworkstationtoadefinedpagerorpagersalarm gravity levelclassificationofanalarmwhichmakesuseofanumericalvaluewhendescribingthecriticalityofthealarmfromtheviewpointoftherecoverysystemA GeneralGlossary58 Issue:28 alarm groupsetofhardwarealarmsinonesinglecartridgealarm history; alarm event historyfinitelistofpreviousalarmevents(notices,disturbances,alarms,andalarmcancellations)ofanetworkelementalarm history handlingfeaturewhichisapartoffaultmanagementprovidingmethodsforcontrollingandorganisingalarmsreceivedbythenetworkmanagementsystemalarm indicationindicationofafaulteventfortheoperatingpersonnelalarm indication instanceobjecttowhichthealarmsystemsendstheinformationofthealarmifnecessaryalarm indication signal; AISsignalthatreplacesthenormaltrafficsignalwhenamaintenancealarmindicationhasbeenactivatedalarm information categoryclassificationofbasetransceiverstationalarmsindicatingtheeffectofafaultordisturbanceonthechannelstateonthebasisoftheirexistenceornaturealarm information dialoguedialogueofthegraphicaluserinterfacewhichshowsallinformationonalarmeventsintheactivealarmstabandalarmhistorytabalarm-information parameteralarmparameterusedinalarmreportsforcategorisingthealarmsfortheoperatingpersonnelalarm information transferfeaturewhichenablesthealarminformationtobetransferredfromthemobileservicesswitchingcentre(MSC)andhomelocationregister(HLR)totheoperationandmaintenancecentre(OMC)byusingtheQ3interfacebasedonthecommonmanagementinterfaceprotocol(CMIP)GeneralGlossary AIssue:28 59 alarm inputinputstartedbyanincidentalarm interfacepartoftheRPCinterfacewhichisusedtotransferalarmdataalarm liftingfunctionthatre-targetsthealarmsofonemanagedobjectclasstoanotheraccordingtoaliftingrulealarm live time; live timetimefromthesettingofanalarmtoitsautomaticcancellationalarm managementsetoffunctionsusedtodetectandrecoverallactivealarmsinrun-timeandsearchallalarmsbasedonspecificcriteriaalarm managerprogramwhichprovidesinformationaboutthecurrentstatusofthenodestothemonitoringsoftwarealarm manualapplicationwithagraphicaluserinterfacethatprovidesdetailedinformationabouteachalarmalarm mediation function; alarm-mediating functionmediationfunctionthattransmitsalarmsbetweenanetworkelementandthenetworkmanagementsystemalarm monitortoolformonitoringanetworkfaultsituation,whichpresentstheactivealarmsituationofthenetworkintheformoftheactivealarmlistalarm monitoringfunctionofalarmsurveillanceinthemonitormodethatchecksthevaluesofdeterminedparametersatregularintervalsA GeneralGlossary60 Issue:28 alarm notification; alarm notification messagenotificationsentorreceivedbythealarmsystemalarm notification eventCORBA-structuredeventthatcontainsinformationaboutsystemfaultsinapredefinedformatalarm numbernumberidentifyingthepossiblereasonforanalarmalarm object hierarchylistofobjectsshowingthepathtotheobjectofthealarmalarm output controlsoftwareinthealarmsystemthatcontrolsthealarmoutputsinco-operationwiththehardwaremanagementsystemalarm pipesetofprocessesandbuffersdefinedinaconfigurationfile,usedforcollecting,processing,anddistributingalarmstorecipientsalarm polarityparticularstateofthealarminputwhichthealarmsysteminterpretsasanalarmalarm processing parameteralarmparameterusedbythealarmsystemintheprocessingofanalarmevent,suchasinformingaboutandcancellingdelaysalarm reclassificationpartofalarmflowreductionthatallowstheusertochangethestatusofalarmsandperformsearchesofexistingreclassificationsettingsalarm report; alarm printoutprintoutonafaulteventfortheoperatingpersonnelalarm reset limitpercentageofreservationinthebuffer,towhichthealarmcancellationissetGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 61 alarm set limitpercentageofreservationinthebuffer,towhichthealarmissetalarm-setting delay; setting delaytimethatthealarmsystemwaitsbeforeitinformstherestofthesystemaboutahypothesisalarm signalsignalthatindicatesanalarmsituationalarm statusattributethatdescribesthecurrentstatusofamanagedobjectasaresultofoneormorealarmeventsalarm surveillancesetoftelecommunicationsmanagementnetwork(TMN)applicationfunctionswhichprovides,nearrealtime,detectionandindicationoffailuresalarm system; AS; alarm handling systemsystemwhichmakesdecisionsonthebasisofalarmindicationsandactivatestherecoverysystemwhenneededsothattheautomaticrecoveryactionsarestartedalarm system administrationDX200commandclassalarm system application programming interface; AS APIapplicationprogramminginterfacethatclients,applications,andmanagedobjectsusetoraiseanalarminafaultsituationalarm system rulebase; alarm rulebase; rulebaserulebasewhichconsistsoffilescontainingsupportrules,preventionrules,andinformingrulesalarm textbrieftextualdescriptionofthealarmA GeneralGlossary62 Issue:28 alarm thresholdpredeterminedvalueofaparameterbeyondwhichanalarmistriggeredalarm triggertoolusedforstartingupexternalandinternalprocessesthatsupportthedailyroutinesofalarmhandlingalarm typeclassificationthatindicatesthetypeofanalarmalarm uploadoperationwhereeitherthealarmhistoryorthecurrentalarmsituationistransferredfromthenetworkelementtotheoperationssystem(OS)alarm upload interfaceinterfaceformakinganalarmuploadforallactivealarmsfromanadaptortothemanageralarm urgency levelclassificationofalarmswhichdescribestheircriticalityfromtheviewpointoftheuseralarm viewertoolformonitoringalarms,warnings,cancellations,andacknowledgementsinthenetworkA-law; compression lawstandardcompression/decompressionalgorithmforpulsecodemodulation(PCM)fromtheITUTelecommunicationStandardizationSectoralertopticaloracousticwarningsignalthatdrawstheattentionofthenetworkadministratortoaspecificserviceeventalert boxsecondarywindowofanapplicationusedtoconveyamessageorwarningortogatherasmallamountofinformationfromtheuserGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 63 alert SCmessagesentfromthenetworktotheshortmessageservicecentre(SMSC)indicatingthatapreviouslynon-reachablemobilesubscriberisnowavailabletoreceiveamessageAlert Standard Format specification; ASF; Alert Standard Formatspecificationthatdefinesremotecontrolandalertinginterfacesforaclient'senvironmentoutsidethecontextofanoperatingsystemalert typeclassificationofnotificationstoenableoperatorsandsubscriberstomanagedeliveryaccordingtocontentalgorithm A5; A5cryptographicalgorithmthatproducesciphertextoutofcleartextusingthecipheringkey(Kc)algorithm f1; f1messageauthenticationfunctionusedtocomputethemessageauthenticationcode(MAC)algorithm f1*; f1*messageauthenticationfunctionusedtocomputethemessageauthenticationcodeforresynchronisation(MAC-S)algorithm f2; f2messageauthenticationfunctionthatisusedtocomputetheresponse(RES)andtheexpectedresponse(XRES)algorithm f3; f3keygeneratingfunctionusedtocomputethecipherkey(CK)algorithm f4; f4keygeneratingfunctionusedtocomputetheintegritykey(IK)algorithm f5; f5keygeneratingfunctionusedtocomputetheanonymitykey(AK)innormalproceduresA GeneralGlossary64 Issue:28 algorithm f5*; f5*keygeneratingfunctionusedtocomputetheanonymitykey(AK)inresynchronisationproceduresaliasalternativeoradditionalnamealias IMSIinternationalmobilesubscriberidentity(IMSI)thatistiedtoaregularinternationalmobilesubscriberidentitysothatthesamesubscriberisfoundwithbothinternationalmobilesubscriberidentitiesalignment error rate monitoring; AERMprocedurebywhichtheerrorrateofasignallinglinkismeasuredduringtheinitialalignmentalive supervisionsupervisionthatisusedtocheckthatthecomputerunitsarealiveandthatthemessageconnectionfromtheactivesystemmaintenancecomputertothesupervisedunitisworkingall-call-query; AcQnumberportabilitysolutioninwhichtheoriginatingnetworkmakesanumberportabilitycheckforallcallsandroutescallsdirectlytowardstherecipientnetworkAll-IPtechnologyandarchitectureinwhichdifferentnetworkaccessoptionsareintegratedinanInternetProtocol(IP)basednetworkinglayerAll-IP networkintegratedtelecommunicationsnetworkthatusestheInternetProtocol(IP)fortheendtoendtransportofalluserdataandsignallingdata,thatis,includingcallcontrolAll-IP radio access network; All-IP RAN; IP RANradioaccessnetwork(RAN)whichisfullybasedontheInternetProtocol(IP)andoptimisedtocarryIPpackettrafficall-nodes multicast addresslink-localscopemulticastaddresstoreachallnodesGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 65 allocate (verb); reserveassignaresourcetoaspecifictaskallocation and retention priority; ARP; allocation/retention priorityvaluethatisusedtodifferentiatebetweenbearerswhenperformingallocationandretentionofabearerallocation classclassthatindicatestherelativepriorityofmaintainingagivenserviceallocation domain; ADassociationbetweenaroutingdomainandtheIPaddressspaceallocation typeparameterthatdetermineswhetherafixedchannelisreservedfortheannouncementorwhetheranewchannelisreservedfortheannouncementateverynewannouncementrequestallomorphismabilityofamanagedobjectofagivenclasstoresembleobjectsofoneormoreotherobjectclassesallowable PLMN; allowable public land mobile networkpubliclandmobilenetwork(PLMN)whichisnotusedinthelistofforbiddenPLMNsinthemobilestationallowed cell rate; ACRcurrentcellrateincells/secatwhichasourceisallowedtosend,usedasanavailablebitrate(ABR)serviceparameterall-routers multicast addresslink-localscopemulticastaddresstoreachallroutersalphanumeric paging service; alphanumeric radio paging service;alphanumeric callpagingwherethepagingmessageoutputonthescreenofthepagercancontainashorttextA GeneralGlossary66 Issue:28 alternate linesecondarysubscriptionofasubscriberattachedbyusinganalternatelineservice(ALS)alternate line service; ALS; dual numberingcapabilityofthenetworktoattachtwologicallyseparatesubscriptionstoasinglenumberalternate line service MSISDN; ALS MSISDNmobilesubscriberinternationalISDNnumber(MSISDN)ofanalternatelinealternately routed call; ARTcalltypethatconsistsofcallsthatarerejectedbytheirprimarysubdestinationandareroutedtoanalternativesubdestinationalternate mark inversion code; AMI code; bipolar codelinecodethatemploysaternarysignaltoconveybinarydigits,inwhichsuccessivebinaryonesarerepresentedbysignalelementsthatarenormallyofalternating,positiveandnegativepolaritybutequalinamplitude,andinwhichbinaryzerosarerepresentedbysignalelementsthathavezeroamplitudealternate mark inversion signal; AMIencodedsignalproducedbyalternatemarkinversioncodealternate mark inversion violation; AMI violationnon-zerosignalelementinanalternatemarkinversionsignalthathasthesamepolarityasthepreviousnon-zerosignalelementalternate MSISDNmobilesubscriberinternationalISDNnumber(MSISDN)assignedtotheteleserviceforthealternatelineservice(ALS)subscriber'salternatelinealternating current signalling /GB/; alternating current signaling /US/; ACsignalling /GB/; AC signaling /US/signallingmethodinwhichthesignallinginformationisrepresentedbymeansofpulsedalternatingcurrenthavingafrequencybelowthetelephonespeechbandalternative charging indexchargingindexincludedinalternativeroutingalternative,whichtogetherwiththechargingoriginspecifiesthechargingofacallGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 67 alternative network address types; ANATsemanticsfortheSessionDescriptionProtocolwhichallowstheexpressionofalternativenetworkaddressesforaparticularmediastreamalternative routingroutinginwhichadestination'strafficisdirectedtoacertainsubdestinationamongprimaryandalternativesubdestinationsalternative routing of signalling /GB/; alternative routing of signaling /US/routingofagivensignallingtrafficflowincaseoffailuresaffectingthesignallinglinksorroutesthatareinvolvedinthenormalroutingofthatsignallingtrafficflowalternative service sourcelocationfromwhichanINsupportedservicecanbestartedincaseserviceinitiationtowardstheprimarylocationfailsalternative subdestination; alternative route; secondary route; overflowroutesubdestinationthatisusedifnormalroutingisnotpossibleAlways Onmethodaccordingtowhichtheconnectionispermanentlysetupandneverdisconnected,regardlessofwhetherdataistransmittedornotAmazon machine image; AMIpre-configuredoperatingsystemandvirtualapplicationsoftwarethatcanbeusedtocreateavirtualmachinewithintheAmazonElasticComputeCloudAMC bay; AMC slotstructurethatprovidesforanAdvancedMCmechanicalsupportandshieldingfromelectromagneticinterferenceAMC fillerfillermodulethatispluggedintoanAMCbaywhichisnotpopulatedwithanyfunctionalAdvancedMCtoensureelectromagneticcompatibility(EMC)shieldingandtoactasanairsealAmerican National Standards Institute; ANSInationalstandardizationorganizationoftheUnitedStatesA GeneralGlossary68 Issue:28 amplificationproceduretoincreasethepowerofasignal,frequentlydonetoovercomelossofpowerarisingfromelectricalresistanceinthematerialsusedinconstructingatransmissionchannelamplitude distortiondistortionoccurringinanamplifierorotherdevicewhentheoutputamplitudeisnotalinearfunctionoftheinputamplitudeunderspecifiedconditionsamplitude fading; flat fadingfadingthataffectsallfrequenciesmoreorlessequally,sothesignalisreducedinamplitude,butnototherwisedistortedamplitude quantised control /GB/; amplitude quantized control /US/synchronisationcontrolinwhichtheclockcontrolsignalisaquantisedfunctionofthephasedifferencebetweenclocksamplitude responsemaximumoutputamplitudethatcanbeobtainedatvariouspointsoverthefrequencyrangeofaninstrumentoperatedunderratedconditionsAMR frame type; FT; frame type4-bitfieldinanAMRspeechcodecpayloadframe,whichindicatesthemodeofthecorrespondingframeAMR speech codec; AMR codec; adaptive multi-rate speech codecspeechcodecwhichadaptsitsoperationoptimallyaccordingtotheprevailingchannelconditionsAMR TFOtandem-freeoperationfortheAMRspeechcodecsthatiscontrolledeitherbytheMSCserverormediagatewayA/Mu-law converter; AMC; A-law/Mu-law converterdevicethatconvertsaPCMsignalsamplefromA-lawtoMu-lawinonedirection,andfromMu-lawtoA-lawintheotherdirectionGeneralGlossary AIssue:28 69 AMX/AET channeltransmissionchannelwhichisusedtoimplementtheinternaldatatransmissionconnectioninthesystembetweena386computerandanATMMultiplexer(AMX)andbetweena386computerandanATMexchangeterminal(AET)analogue /GB/; analog /US/describingaphenomenoncontinuouslywithanotherphenomenon,forexampleacontinuouslyvariablesignalanalogue access /GB/; analog access /US/pointinananaloguetelecommunicationnetworkwhichhasaninterfaceforterminalequipmentanalogue control /GB/; analog control /US/synchronisationcontrolinwhichtheclockcontrolsignalisacontinuous(monotonic)functionofthephasedifferencebetweenclocks,atleastoveralimitedrangeanalogue repeater /GB/; analog repeater /US/repeaterforamplifyinganaloguesignalsordigitalsignals,butnotcapableofregeneratingdigitalsignalsanalogue signal /GB/; analog signal /US/signaloneofwhosecharacteristicquantitiesfollowscontinuouslythevariationsofanotherphysicalquantityrepresentinginformationanalogue signalling data link /GB/; analog signaling data link /US/datalinkthatprovidesaninterfacetosignallingterminalsandismadeupofvoice-frequencyanaloguetransmissionchannelsandmodemsanalogue subscriber /GB/; analog subscribe