General Anatomy

Medical Terminology

Somatotypes

Ectomorph– Small Bone Lean Body

Mesomorph– Muscular Physique

Endomorph– Round soft body

Anatomical Position

Trunk erect Arms at side Palms forward Legs Straight

Planes of Motion

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into left and right Passes from front to back

Frontal Plane

Divides the body into front and back Passes from side to side

Transverse Plane

Divides body into top and bottom Passes perpendicular

to the long axis

of the body

Anatomical Direction

Anatomical Direction

Superior

Inferior

Anterior

Posterior

Higher than another structure

Lower than another Structure

In front of another structure

Behind another structure

Anatomical Direction

Superior

Inferior

Posterior

Anterior

Higher than another structure

Lower than another structure

Behind another structure

In front of another structure

Anatomical Direction

Medial

Lateral

Proximal

Distal

Closer to the long axis of the body

Farther from the long axis of the body

Structure closer to the beginning of the extremity

Structure farther from the beginning of the extremity

Anatomical Direction

Lateral

Medial

Distal

Proximal

Farther from the long axis of the body

Closer to the long axis of the body

Structure farther from the beginning of the extremity

Structure Closer to the beginning of the extremity

Anatomical Direction

Superficial Deep

Nearer to the surface Farther from the surface

Movement

Flexion

Extension

Abduction

Adduction

Decrease in the angle of a joint

Increase in the angle of a joint

Movement away from the midline of the body

Movement toward the midline of the body

Movement

Flexion

Extension

Abduction

Adduction

Decrease in the angle of a joint

Increase in the angle of a joint

Movement away from the midline of the body

Movement toward the midline of the body

Movement

Dorsiflexion

Plantar Flexion

Inversion

Eversion

Flexion of the foot at the ankle

Extension of the foot at the ankle

Sole of the foot turned inward

Sole of the foot turned outward

Movement

Dorsiflexion

Plantar Flexion

Inversion

Eversion

Flexion of the foot at the ankle

Extension of the foot at the ankle

Sole of the foot turned inward

Sole of the foot turned outward

Movement

Supination

Pronation

Rotation

Palms upward

Palms downward

Pivot motion about the long axis of the body

Movement

Supination

Pronation

Rotation

Circumduction

Palms upward

Palms downward

Pivot motion about the long axis of the body

Combination of Abduction,Adduction and Rotation