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Gendering Surveillance Theory:
Lessons from the eGirls ProjectValerie Steeves
Jane BaileySurveillance & Society
Conference25 April 2014
Laura Mulvey
radical
Hollywood
objectified
women
to be looked at
subjectivizing men
male gaze
Michele White
online social media
disruptive
“to-be-looked-atness”
alternatives to discriminatory
stereotypesSenft
Dixon-Scott
transgress socially-imposed modesty norms
Koskela
feministcritical racequeer theory
in/visibilityobjectification
otherized identities
watchedintelligible
doing surveillance studies
gendersexual identityintersections
raceAboriginality
watched
heightened state and institutional monitoring
path-breaking
panoptic
empowered few
objectified many
Brighenti
spectrum of visibility
multi-directional
seebe seen
interpersonalgovernmental/institutional
bedroom culture
self representation
producers
panoptic
synoptic
interpersonal watching
surveillance studies
power relations
individual rights and liberties
otherized
non-institutional
discriminatory myths & attitudes
de-liberating
gendering of surveillance studies
“artificially abstract bodies, identities, and
interactions from social contexts in ways that both
obscure and aggravate gender and other social
inequalities”Monahan, 2009, 287
super visible
normalized
panopticsynoptic
interpersonal watching
surveillant forces
rupture
Mulvey
body
replicated & amplified
commercial surveillance
family member and peer surveillance
visual nature
bedroom culture
permeated
online performances
interaction of panoptic and synoptic gazes
mainstream stereotypes
commercial
panoptic and synoptic merge
razor thin
the slut line
“more girls everywhere trying to be like the
prettiest girls on magazines and stuff”
“It’ll make you feel like crap. It’s like, just again
setting in, why can’t I look like that? Why can’t I be like that? Why don’t I
have these friends? Why am I not popular? [It] just
drains everybody”
“You’re like, oh man, I don’t look like that, um, but I could some day you know, but you just, you just don’t right now. So you might get down on
yourself because of that”
“change my body”
“I think social media is great at giving girls this
fantasy world. But at the same time, I think it’s also really easy to sort of make themselves feel really bad
about themselves”
“I used to think, oh cool, I got 10 likes, and then you
look at girls who look revealing and they have
50 [from guys]. And you’re like, oh, I wonder
why…”
“confidence”
“They’re going to get feedback like, ‘Wow,
you’re hot’. Definitely from guys. ‘Wow,you’re
sexy!’ ‘Damn, what I would do if I as here,’ and, like, all that kind of stuff”
“And from girls, you’re going to get, um … from
their best friends, probably, ‘Oh my God, you
look gorgeous! You look so skinny!’”
“And you’re going to get, from girls that don’t like her, ‘Wow, you’re a slut!’,
you know, like, ‘You’re nothing but a whore!’, like, ‘Put some clothes
on!’”
“A girl, let’s say she’s, I don’t know, with a bunch of guys in a sexual pose, or … has tons of booze
around her, or something”
“Someone will write a comment that will be, like, kind of subtle but showing
that it’s inappropriate”
“And a lot of people will join in, and you can get, like, up to 75 comments and everyone’s joining in
and fighting”
“Guys can get away with murder”
“You’re fat. You make me look good.”
[email protected]@uottawa.ca
