View
249
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
review
Citation preview
GENERAL SCIENCE
What is the scientific method
The scientific method is a systematic way to answer questions Itrsquos the process we go through as scientists to answer questions about the world around us
You go through the scientific method everyday without even thinking about it
The steps of the scientific method arehellip
Observe and State the Problem Make a hypothesis Test your hypothesis through an
experiment Record and analyze data Draw conclusions and
communicate results
Brain Pop Scientific Method(During this video we will fill in the
scientific method graphic organizer)
Today we are going to talk about the main parts of a good experimenthellip
Hint Itrsquos not blowing up our classroom
Think about thishellip Letrsquos say that Brad has a pimple He
wonders what will get rid of it Hersquos heard that putting toothpaste on the zit will get rid of it Hersquos also heard that lemon juice will get rid of it He decides to rub his face with lemon juice and toothpaste The next morning his pimple is gone But which thing cured him The toothpaste or the lemon juice
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
What is the scientific method
The scientific method is a systematic way to answer questions Itrsquos the process we go through as scientists to answer questions about the world around us
You go through the scientific method everyday without even thinking about it
The steps of the scientific method arehellip
Observe and State the Problem Make a hypothesis Test your hypothesis through an
experiment Record and analyze data Draw conclusions and
communicate results
Brain Pop Scientific Method(During this video we will fill in the
scientific method graphic organizer)
Today we are going to talk about the main parts of a good experimenthellip
Hint Itrsquos not blowing up our classroom
Think about thishellip Letrsquos say that Brad has a pimple He
wonders what will get rid of it Hersquos heard that putting toothpaste on the zit will get rid of it Hersquos also heard that lemon juice will get rid of it He decides to rub his face with lemon juice and toothpaste The next morning his pimple is gone But which thing cured him The toothpaste or the lemon juice
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
The steps of the scientific method arehellip
Observe and State the Problem Make a hypothesis Test your hypothesis through an
experiment Record and analyze data Draw conclusions and
communicate results
Brain Pop Scientific Method(During this video we will fill in the
scientific method graphic organizer)
Today we are going to talk about the main parts of a good experimenthellip
Hint Itrsquos not blowing up our classroom
Think about thishellip Letrsquos say that Brad has a pimple He
wonders what will get rid of it Hersquos heard that putting toothpaste on the zit will get rid of it Hersquos also heard that lemon juice will get rid of it He decides to rub his face with lemon juice and toothpaste The next morning his pimple is gone But which thing cured him The toothpaste or the lemon juice
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Brain Pop Scientific Method(During this video we will fill in the
scientific method graphic organizer)
Today we are going to talk about the main parts of a good experimenthellip
Hint Itrsquos not blowing up our classroom
Think about thishellip Letrsquos say that Brad has a pimple He
wonders what will get rid of it Hersquos heard that putting toothpaste on the zit will get rid of it Hersquos also heard that lemon juice will get rid of it He decides to rub his face with lemon juice and toothpaste The next morning his pimple is gone But which thing cured him The toothpaste or the lemon juice
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Today we are going to talk about the main parts of a good experimenthellip
Hint Itrsquos not blowing up our classroom
Think about thishellip Letrsquos say that Brad has a pimple He
wonders what will get rid of it Hersquos heard that putting toothpaste on the zit will get rid of it Hersquos also heard that lemon juice will get rid of it He decides to rub his face with lemon juice and toothpaste The next morning his pimple is gone But which thing cured him The toothpaste or the lemon juice
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Think about thishellip Letrsquos say that Brad has a pimple He
wonders what will get rid of it Hersquos heard that putting toothpaste on the zit will get rid of it Hersquos also heard that lemon juice will get rid of it He decides to rub his face with lemon juice and toothpaste The next morning his pimple is gone But which thing cured him The toothpaste or the lemon juice
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
The Answer How many of you think it was the
toothpaste Raise your hand How many of you think it was the
lemon juice Raise your hand The truth ishellip
THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Every Good Experiment Has Three Things
1) Independent variables2) Controls3) Dependent variable
So What Are These
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
IDENTIFYING VARIABLES
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
What is a variable
Variable A factor that can change in an experiment Every experiment has two ndash one is the cause the other is the effect
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Cause and Effect Does crushing a sugar cube effect the
rate at which the sugar dissolves in the water
What is the cause and what is the effect
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Crushing the sugar cube will
effect how long
it takes to
dissolve
Crushing the sugar cube is what we predict will be the
causeWe change this one
The time it takes to dissolve is what we
will see the effect on
We measure this one
This is called the Independent Variable
This is called the Dependent Variable
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Variables Independent Variable is the cause the
one we will change
Dependent Variable is the effect the one we will measure
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Experiment Title Does the age of a person gets married effect their chances of getting a divorce
Experiment Title Does fertilizer affect plant height
Experiment Title Is there are relationship between the weather and how students behave
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
IV- DV-
Age Chances of divorce
fertilizer
weather
Plant height
behavior
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Any variable we keep the same in order to make sure it isnrsquot whatrsquos causing the effect
CONSTANT
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
What were the constants in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiment
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Control Group A control group is a group that is not
treated For example if I gave some of you raffle tickets but not everyonehellipwho is my control group
What was the control group in Tim and Mobyrsquos experiments
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Practice with Controls Does fertilizer affect plant height
rsaquo Independent Variable fertilizerrsaquo Dependent Variable plant heightHow can we be sure that the fertilizer is
effecting the plant heightWhat would some constants be We must have a control to make sure that the
fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant height
rsaquo Control Plant that does not receive fertilizer
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Check for Understanding Does brushing your hair make it grow
faster1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Check for Understanding Do car accidents increase your car
insurance cost1) Identify the independent variable2) Identify the dependent variable
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Practice with Controls Does the temperature outside effect
the chances a person will get the flu-IV Temperature outside-DV Chances a person will get the flu-Control Person
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Check for Understanding What effect does a carrsquos speed have on
gas mileage1) Identify the control
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Check for Understanding Does adding salt to water affect the
temperature at which it boils1) Identify the control
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy
rsaquo How close you are to the actual value
rsaquo Depends on the person measuring
rsaquo Calculated by the formula
Error = (YV ndash AV) x 100 divide AV
Where YV is YOUR measured Value amp AV is the Accepted Value
Precision rsaquo How finely tuned your measurements are or
how close they can be to each otherrsaquo Depends on the measuring toolrsaquo Determined by the number of significant digits
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Accuracy amp Precision Accuracy amp Precision may be
demonstrated by shooting at a target Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value) Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely tuned)
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Accuracy amp Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision amp No Accuracy
Accuracy without Precision
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
27
Behavior of matter Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTER
The Four States of Matter
Four States Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Kinetic Theory of MatterMatter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS
bullParticles of solids are tightly packed vibrating about a fixed position
bullSolids have a definite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTERLIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume Heat
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTERGAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume Heat
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement DuringPhase Change
Solid to liquid
MeltingHeat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
PHASE CHANGESDescription of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas
as it condenses
Solid to gas SublimationHeat goes into the solid as it sublimates
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelshellipbetween 1000degC and 1000000000degC
Will everything just be a gas
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
Plasmas like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
bull Plasma is the common state of matter
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed in a regular pattern
Vibrate but do not move from place
to place
Close together with no regular arrangementVibrate move
about and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high
speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed
of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Some places where plasmas are foundhellip
1 Flames
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
2 Lightning
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
3 Aurora (Northern Lights)
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Objects in Space
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Rocky metallic object in orbit between Jupiter and Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Small rocky metallic object travelling randomly through the Solar System
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A large round object orbiting the sun that has been able to clear out its orbital path of all debris(meteoroids) and is large enough to form up a roundish shape given its own gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
A body travelling on a highly elliptical orbit around the sun consisting of ice and rock This object also exhibits a lsquotailrsquo when close to the sun
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that has entered Earthrsquos atmosphere at great speed and is glowing hot due to the friction with the air Many of these objects ldquoburn uprdquo before reaching the ground
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
An object that orbits a planet Our Solar System has many however there are two planets with none
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
These objects have such large orbits around the Sun that they only come around every so many years When they are visible in the sky many flock to areas where a dark night sky is available(away from city lights)
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Two of these objects have been captured by the gravity of Mars and are now considered to be moons of Mars
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these objects have been thought to have been discovered orbiting distant stars Evidence for their existence at these distant stars is the fact that the stars exhibit a wobble due to the objectrsquos gravity
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
Many of these can be found on the ice sheets that cover the polar regions as the only way for rocky objects to get there(on the surface) is for them to fall from the sky
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
Choose the best answerAsteroid Comet Meteoroid Moon Meteor Meteorite Planet
One of these is considered as the object responsible for the demise of the dinosaurs There exists a large crater just north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the southern Gulf of Mexico
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
78
Properties of matter
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
79
General Properties of Matter Matter is anything that has
mass and volume Everything is made of
matter
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
80
What are properties Characteristics used to
describe an object Ex color odor shape
size texturehardness
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
81
General Properties of matter
Mass weight volume and density
Properties are used to identify a substance
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
82
What is mass Mass is the amount of
matter in an object Mass is constant Mass is also the measure
of inertia
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
83
What is inertia Inertia is the resistance
of an object to changes in its motion
The more mass the greater the inertia
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
84
Questions
How is mass related to inertia
Why are properties of an object important
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
86
Question
Which object has more inertia an empty wagon or one loaded with rocks Why
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
87
Question
What does a seatbelt do for a passenger when a car stops suddenly
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
88
Question
Why would the passenger move forward without the restraining force of the belt
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
89
Question
What would stop a passenger if the seatbelt were not in place
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
90
Question
What other safety features are present in a car in response to a personrsquos inertia in a moving vehicle
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
91
Weight The measure of the force of
gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity
The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
92
Weight formula 1 kg = 22 pounds Weight is mass times gravity (98
ms2) W= m x g What is your mass What is your weight in Newtons
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
93
What is gravity The force of attraction
between objects is gravity All objects exert a
gravitational force on each other
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
94
Question Why canrsquot you feel the
attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
95
Gravitational pull
The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
96
Question
Why canrsquot we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
97
What affects gravity The pull of gravity
weakens as the distance between objects increases
gravity depends on mass and distance
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
98
Gravity The further an object is from the center of the earth the less the object will weigh
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
99
Question
Would you weigh less more or the same on top of Mount Everest
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
100
Question
The moon is smaller than the earth How would your weight be different on the moon
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
101
Questions
What are three properties of matter related to mass
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
102
Question
What is density and how is it calculated
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
103
Density The density of water is
10 gml Objects with densities
greater than 10 will sink in water
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
104
Density
Objects with densities less than 10 gml will float on water
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
105
Ice Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a portion of it being exposed
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
106
Astronomy fact The planet Saturn has a
density of less than 10 gml If there was an ocean big enough to hold it it would float
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
107
Calculations If 965 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cubic centimeters what is the density of gold
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
108
Calculation
If 965 g of aluminum has a volume of 35 cm3 what is the density of aluminum
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
109
Calculation If the density of a
diamond is 35 gcm3 what would be the mass of a diamond whose volume is 05 cm3
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
110
What is specific gravity
A comparison of the density of a substance and the density of water is specific gravity
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
111
Questions
How is density different from specific gravity
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
112
What is a physical property
Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
113
Phases of matter Four phases of matter
solid liquid gas and plasma
solids have a definite shape and volume
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
114
Solid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are crystalline and amorphous
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
115
Types of solids Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating patterns called crystals (salt sugar)
Amorphous solids can lose their shape
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
116
Examples of amorphous solids
Tar candle wax glass Shape changes under
certain conditions (differences in temperature)
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
117
Liquid particle arrangement
Liquids have particles that are close together but are free to move
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
118
Question
Describe the shape of a liquid
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
119
Describe a liquid
Liquids do not have a definite shape but they have a definite volume
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
120
Question
What happens when one-liter of soda is poured into a four-liter container
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
121
Properties of liquids Liquids do not expand to
fill the volume of a container
Liquids are characterized by their ability to flow
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
122
What is viscosity The resistance of a liquid to
flow The difficulty of a liquid to
flow easily Honey motor oil corn
syrup have a high viscosity
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
123
Behavior of liquids Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE particles
Adhesion is the force of attraction between UNLIKE particles
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
124
Surface tension
Tendency of particles to pull together at the surface of a liquid due to cohesion
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
125
Question Describe the viscosity of a
liquid Describe a liquidrsquos shape
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
126
Questions How is adhesion different
from cohesion Explain surface tension
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
127
Properties of gases Gases do not have a
definite shape or volume fill all the available space
in a container
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
128
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
129
Question
How are solids liquids and gases different from one another
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
130
Gas laws Boylersquos and Charlesrsquo law
describe the behavior of gases with changes in temperature pressure and volume
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
131
Charles Law
Charlesrsquo law describes a relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas (constant pressure)
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
132
Charlesrsquo Law As the temperature of a gas
increases the volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to expand
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
133
Question
How can you explain the fact that gas particles expand to fill space
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
134
Pressure
The force that particles of a substance (gasliquid) will apply over a certain area
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
135
Boylersquos Law Boylersquos law describes the
relationship between the volume and pressure of gases (constant temperature)
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
136
Boylersquos law If the volume of a gas
decreases then the pressure of a gas increases (Boylersquos law)
The smaller the space a gas occupies the more pressure
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
137
Plasma
Plasma (phase) most common phase in the
universe dangerous very high energy (found in stars)
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
138
Question
What are the four phases of matter
Describe the plasma phase of matter
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
139
Phase changes
Phase changes in matter are melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
140
What is a physical change Physical changes involve
the changing of physical properties
Type of matter remains the same
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
141
Questions Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting freezing vaporization condensation and sublimation)
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
142
Physical changes
Changing color shape phase texture hardness odor would be a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
143
Melting Phase change from a solid to a liquid
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
144
Melting point
Temperature in which a solid changes to a liquid
Physical property
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
145
Questions
How is melting different from freezing
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
146
Phase changes Involve a change in
volume but mass remains constant
Adding or removing energy from matter results in phase changes
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
147
Vaporization
Phase change from a liquid to a gas
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
148
Boiling point The temperature in which a
liquid boils Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
149
Freezing Phase change of a liquid to a solid
The temperature in which this occurs is the freezing point
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
150
Condensation Condensation is the
phase change from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase change from solid to a gas
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
151
Question
Describe a difference between condensation and vaporization
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
152
Sublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine are examples solids that undergo sublimation
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
153
Chemical properties Describe how a
substance changes into new substances are chemical properties
Ex flammability
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
154
Chemical changes The change of a substance
into a new and different substance
Also known as a chemical reaction
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change
155
Questions What is another name for a
chemical change Describe sublimation How is a chemical change
different from a physical change