Aircraft Engines

By Johnathan GonzalesCluster 3

Table of contents

• 1) Title Page• 2)Table of Contents• 3)Basic Information on Jet engines• 4)History of the Jet Engine• 5)How a Jet Engine Works?• 6)Types of Engines• 7)Turbojet Engine• 8) Low-bypass Turbofan• 9) High-bypass Turbofan

Basic information

• most engines are ICE engines• the term jet engine is a broad definition with over 6 types

of jet engines• A jet engine is a reaction engine• In the early days the jet aircraft used turbojet engines but

now they use turbofan engines• The turbofan is a all around better engine• Fueling a jet costs a lot of money and also in 2004 2.7% of

all oil was used by jet engines.

History of the jet engine• There was not one inventor of the jet engine, there was two

and their names were Hans von Ohain and Frank Whittle• Both of them never worked together so they never had a clue

what the other one was doing.• Hans von Ohain is considered to be the first with the ideas of

the jet engine and registered for a patent in 1937, while Whittle got a patent on his in 1930.

• Several years passed before the engine could fly but in 1939 von Ohain’s engine rose to the occasion and was the first to fly. It wasn’t till another two years the Whittle’s engine took off.

How a jet engine works?• The way a jet engine works is that air goes into the inlet and

then passes through the fan and into the burner.• In side the burner the air mixes with the fuel to create reactions

called combustion, and then the hot air goes through the turbines and core and finally out the nozzle.

• The air that did not go through the first process passes through the fan and the bypasses or it can goes around the engine

• AIR FLOW THROUGH THE ENGINE

Types of engines• There are over fifteen types of jet engines, some of them are:

– Turbojet engine

– Low-bypass Turbofan

– High-bypass Turbofan

– Rocket engine

Turbojet Engine

• Turbojet engines are the oldest jet engines that are used.

• Its main purpose is to propel the aircraft.• Frank Whittle and Hans von Ohain created the

first ones.• Most turbojets are very inefficient if the are flown

below the speeds of Mach 2 and also they are very noisy.

• Many aircrafts today use turbofans but turbojets are still used in medium ranges missiles.

Low-bypass Turbofan• An example of a Low-bypass Turbofan is the military

aircraft the F-22 Raptor (as seen in back)• The low-bypass turbofan can easily reach the speed of

Mach 1 it can even reach up to around Mach 3 • The engine alone can weight over 3000 pounds and in

most aircrafts the use turbofans carry two of them

High-bypass Turbofan• The place where we can find where most high-

bypass turbofan engines are used are in commercial airplanes like the Boeing 747 and some military transport aircraft.

• Unlike the low-bypass turbofan, the high-bypass does not have a inlet guide that help the flow of air into the engine.

• Since the high-bypass turbofan engine is used to power bigger aircrafts it can reach speeds up to Mach 0.98.

Bibliography • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-22_Raptor• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-14• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-35_Lightning_II#Requirement• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-15E_Strike_Eagle• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_engine• http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bljetengine.htm• http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Evolution_of_Technology/jet_en

gines/Tech24.htm• http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070402121636AArQ2gf• http://warfare.ru/?catid=341&linkid=2493• http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-

12/airplane/Animation/turbtyp/etfh.html• http://www.fighter-planes.com/jetmenu2.htm• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F/A-22_Raptor

Acknowledgements

• Professor Hafez • United