Upload
bob-andrepont
View
235
Download
6
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
1/200
"7 -'
N AT I O N A L A E R O N A U T I C S A N D S P A C E A D M I N I S T R A T I O N
:)
i * * * e * '.V.V.V.%I * * * * * *
G e m i n iS u m m a r yConfe renceSl ides
> * * *
(MASA-T8-X-69175) G E H J N I S U M M A B YC O N F E 8 E N C ESLIDES ( N A S A ) 199 p
B73-73315
Unclas
00/99 17983
. -.,3
M A N N E D S P A C E C R A F T C E N T E RH O U S TO N ,T E X A S
F e b r u a r y1967
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
2/200
REVIEW AND SUMMARIZATION OF RENDEZVOUS OPERATIONS
By Wyendell B. Evans
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
3/200
NASA-S-66 -11882
R E N D E Z V O U S T E C H N I Q U E S
F O U RT H O R B I T M = 4
THIRD ORBIT M = 3
FIRST ORBIT- M = l
O P T I C A L R E - R E N D E Z V O U S
R E - R E N D E Z V O U SF R O M A B O V E
S TA B L E O R B I T I R E - R E N D E Z V O U S
O P T I C A L D U A L R E N D E Z V O U S
NASA-S-66-12057
M I S S I O N S U M M A RYGEMINI
MISSION
VI- A
V 1 1 1VIII
TY ALA.-M
X -
VTAl
"7TIA II
T Y P E
R E N D E Z V O U S
FOURTH ORRIT-
COIIPTUI fl DHIT-rvJUKIn UKDll
TU-IIPn ODRIT-Inl KUVJKbl l
O P T I C A L R E - R E N D E Z V O U S R E - R E N D E Z V O U S i F R O MA!
POIIPTH {"1PRIT-
O P T I C A L D U A L
El D CT O D RIT-rlKO 1 vJKBI 1
S TA B L EO R B I T
THIPHOPRIT
M X*t
kA AN \ A
M oo
iOVE
- kA A/V \ 4
M i 1
M oO
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
4/200
NASA-S-66-12079
GEMINIYI-A
C A N D I D AT EMISSIONS
TA N G E N T I A L
C O E L L I P T I C A L
FIRST A P O G E E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
5/200
NASA-S-66-11774
- TA R G E T- C E N T E R E DCOORDINATE S Y S T E M
TA R G E T V E H I C L E
ROTATION
NASA-S-66-11780
RELATIVEMOTIONTARGET-CENTEREDC O O R D I N AT E SYSTEM
(A) LOWER CIRCULARORBIT
(B ) LOWER ELLIPTICALORBIT
VERTDISPLACE-
MENT-+ X
+Y
(C ) HIGHER CIRCULARORBIT -X
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
6/200
GEMINIYI-.A, WT AND X
T E R M I N A LP H A S E R E L AT I V E T R A J E C T O R Y
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml ^0
, 05:36
B E L O W
8
12
16
33.6 C O R R E C T I O N
81.8 C O R R E C T I O N
16 240 8A H E A D ^ K B E H I N D
H O R I Z O N TA L D I S P L A C E M E N T,N M l
32 40
NASA-S-66-11762
GEMINI YI-A,Ym AND X
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O RY
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml /_TPF. 05:360
0 160 320 480 640 800 960 1120AHEAD-HBEHIND
HORIZONTAL D I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
7/200
NASA-S-66-11771
GEMINI IX-A AND XH
T E R M I N A LP H A S E R E L AT I V E T R A J E C T O RYV E RT I C A L
D I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml ^ TPF 04:00
0BELOW
4
8
12
16
J.6 C O R R E C T I O N
TPI
1 2 1 8 240 6A H E A D H ^ B E H I N D
H O R I Z O N TA L D I S P L A C E M E N T,N M l
30
NASA-S-66-11773
GEMINI EX-A ANDSI
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O RY
B E L O W
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml -TPF 04:000
N
20
40
60
8 0
N C C
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
A H E A D - 4 - B E H I N DH O R I Z O N TA LD I S P L A C E M E N T,N M l
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
8/200
NAA-'S-6"&il2054GEMINI XI
T E R M I N A LP H A S E R E L AT I V E T R A J E C T O RY
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml0
BELOW
12
- v TPF, 01:14:52TPI
90 SEC B E F O R E A P O G E E
120 4 8AHEAD^BEHIND
H O R I Z O N TA L D I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
16
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 6 5
GEMINI23
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O RY
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml20
A B O V E
BELOW 020
40
60
80
-TPF, 01:14:52
-TPI
80 1200 40AHEADH-BEHIND
H O R I Z O N TA LDISPLACEMENT,N Ml
160 200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
9/200
NASA-S-66-12050
A B O V E 2 -
VERTICALDISPLACE-
MENT, N Ml
BELOW 2 I-
GEMINI EK-A
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O RYO P T I C A LR E - R E N D E Z V O U S
DARKNESS
S E PA R AT I O N C O R R E C T I O N
0 2AHEAD^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT,N Ml
NASA-S-66-12053 GEMINI K-A
T E R M I N A LP H A S E R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O RYR E - R E N D E Z V O U SF R O M A B O V E
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml8r
TPIa > t = 130
A B O V E
B E L O W
1 6 14 12 10 8 6 4 202AHEADH^BEHIND
H O R I Z O N TA LD I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
10/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 7 6- - GEMINI XI
V E R T I C A LSTABLE ORBITR E - R E N D E Z V O U SD I S P L A C E -
MENT, N Ml0
10
- V I S U A LB R A K I N G I N T E R C E P TMVR-1:13:10 0:00
34 C O R R E C T I O N1:04:40
0 10 15 20
A H E A D*+* B E H I N DH O R I Z O N TA LD I S P L A C E M E N T, N Ml
25
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
11/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 7 9
VA R I A B L E - A Z I M U T HL A U N C H T E C H N I Q U E_ L A U N C H _
WINDOW
D I R E C T I O NO F R O TAT I O N
L A U N C H - S I T ELATITUDE
O R B I T T R AV E LOF TA R G E T
A POINT W H E R E TA R G E TP L A N E C R O S S E S LAUNCHSITE R E S U LT I N G IN Z E R O D I S P L A C E M E N T
NASA-S-66-11781
BIASED L A U N C HA Z I M U T HA N D S TA G E 0 YAW STEERING
>--UNBIASEDT R A J E C T O RY
B I A S E DT R A J E C T O RY
1 . BECO2. S E C O
W E D G EANGLE
TARGETVEHICLE
ORBITPLANE
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
12/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 6 9
YAW STEERING S U M M A RY
GEMINI
MISSION
YI-A
VTTT
TX-A
X
XL
xn
TA R G E T E D O U T- O F - P L A N E
D I S P L A C E M E N T
+.20
-.21
-.50
-.077
-.131
-.16
NASA-S-66-11883
GEMINI L A U N C H P E R F O R M A N C E
GEMINIMISSION
Inffl
GZYYJYJ-AYHVTTT
JXIX-A
XXI
xn
L A U N C HATTEMPTS
12112121212133
L A U N C H D AT E
APR 8, 1964JAN 19 ,1965
M AR 2 3, 1965
JUN 3,1965AUG 21 ,1965A G E N A FAILURE
DEC 1 5, 1965DEC 4, 1965
MAR 1 6, 1966AT L A S FA I L U R E
JUN 3, 1966JUL 1 8, 1966S E P 1 2 , 1966
NOV 11 ,1966
LAUNCH TIMED E V I AT I O N
O N TIME-4 MIN
-2 4 MIN
-16 M INO N TIME
O N TIMEO N TIMEO N TIME
O N TIMEO N TIMEO N TIMEO N TIME
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
13/200
NASA-S-66-11863
C R E W P R O C E D U R E S R E Q U I R E M E N T S
S U F F I C I E N T T I M EFOR THE C R E W TO C O M P L E T ETHEN E C E S S A RYA C T I V I T I E S
A P P R O A C H T R A J E C T O R I E SWHICH AR E R E A S O N A B LYI N S E N S I T I V ET O I N S E RT I O N D I S P E R S I O N SAND/ORE R R O R S I N M I D - C O U R S EM A N E U V E R S
B A C K U P P R O C E D U R E S
LIGHTING CONDITIONS WHICH ARE C O M PAT I B L EW IT H B A C K U P P R O C E D U R E S
LOW T E R M I N A L A P P R O A C H V E L O C I T I E SANDL I N E - O F - S I G H TR AT E S
NASA-S-66-11776
P R I M A RY R E N D E V O U SLIGHTING R E Q U I R E M E N T S
A F T E RT P I( T A R G E TL I G H T SV I S I B L E )
FIRSTC O R R E C T I O N
S TA R S
SECONDC O R R E C T I O N
S TA R S
DOCKING
P R I O RT O A N D A TT P I( TA R G E T V IS IB L E
IN R E F L E C T E DS U N L I G H T )
S U N
T- TA R G E T V E H I C L ES - S PA C E C R A F T
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
14/200
NASA- S-66-11775
PA S S I V E R E N D E Z V O U SLIGHTINGR E Q U I R E M E N T S
D E S I R E D S U NSUN D I R E C T I O N D I R E C T I O NAT SUN D | R E C TION
E A R LYT P I T P I L AT E T P IX
TA R G E T O R B I T
S PA C E C R A F T O R B I TL I N E - O F - S I G H T
TA R G E T V E H I C L E
S PA C E C R A F T
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
15/200
NASA-S-66-11861
R E N D E Z V O U SPROPELLANTU S A G EPART I
GEMINIMISSION
YI-A
vm
EX -A
IX-A
EX-A
T YPE O FR E N D E Z -
VOUS
M=4
M=4
M=3
O P T I C A L
F R O MA B O V E
CONDITIONSA T S TA RT O F
T E R M I N A L P H A S E
C O E L L I P T I CA- h = 15 N MlA X = 25 N Ml
COELLIPTICAh = 15 N MlA X = 25 N Ml
C O E L L I P T I CAh = 12 N MlA X = 22 N Ml
Ah = 2.5 N MlAX = 3.5 N Ml
A,h = -7.5 N MlAX = -10 N Ml
P,ROP U S A G E -POUNDS
A C T U A L
1 30
160
113
61
1 37
MIN
81
79
68
20
39
R AT I O
1.60
2.02
1.66
3.05
3.51
NASA-S-66-12056
R E N D E Z V O U SPROPELLANTUSAGEPART E
GEMINIMISSION
X
X
XI
XI
xn
TYPE O FRENDEZ-V O U S
M=4
O P T I C A LD U A L
M=l
S TA B L EORBIT
M'-3
CONDITIONSA T S TA RT O F
F E R M I N A LP H A S ECOELLIPTIC
Ah = 15 N MlAX = 30 N Ml
COELLIPTIC
Ah = 7 N MlAX = 12 N Ml
S C A T A P O G E EOF 87/151 ORBIT
Ah = 10 N MlAX = 15 N Ml
A h = 0 N MlAX = 25 N Ml
COELLIPTIC
Ah = 10 N MlAX = 20 N Ml
PROP U S A G E -POUNDS
A C T U A L
360
1 80
290
87
112
MIN
84
73
191
31
55
RATIO
4.28
2.46
1.52
2.81
2.04
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
16/200
NASA-S-66-12055
P R I M A RY R E N D E Z V O U SVERNIERC O R R E C T I O NSOLUTIONS
GEMINI
MISSIONS
YI-A
WT
IX-A
X
XI
xn
ACT. CORRECT.
FT/SEC
FIRST
11
15
1
20
6
2
SECOND
7
9
3
23
2
5
NOM ! CORRECT.
FT/SEC
FIRST
1
1
2
2
0
2
S E C O N D
2
0
3
3
2
3
MEANCORRECT.
+lcr FT/SECFIRST
50
50
50
50
22
50
SECOND
26
26
26
26
12
26
NASA-S-66-12080
CONCLUSIONS
R E N D E Z V O U S I SO P E R AT I O N A L LYF E A S I B L E WITH A NA C T I V E O R A PA S S I V E TA R G E T
TH E O P E R AT I O N C A N B EP E R F O R M E D USING ONLYONBOARD GUIDANCE INFORMATION A F T E R LIFT-OFF
TH E O P E R AT I O N C A N B EP E R F O R M E D USING ONLYGROUND SUPP-LIED INFORMATION
TH E O P E R AT I O N C A N B EP E R F O R M E D USINGA COMBINATION OF GROUND AND ONBOARDINFORMATION
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
17/200
GROUND CONTROL AND MONITORING OF RENDEZVOUS
By Edward L. Pavelka
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
18/200
NASA-S-66-11748
GEMINI YI-A
R E L AT I V E T R A J E C T O RY
V E R T I C A LD I S P L A C E M E N T,
N Ml
A B O V E
B E L O W
INSERTION00:06:08
0 160 320 480 640 800 960AHEADH-BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 7 5
GEMINI IX-A
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O R Y
V E RT I C A LDI SP LA CEMENT,
N Ml0
NCID A R K N E S S
0 100 200 300 400 500 600A H E A D -*K BE HI ND
H O R I Z O N TA LD I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
19/200
NASA-S-66-11899
D U A LR E N D E Z V O U S PLANNING
A G E N AYE! AGENAX R E Q U I R E DV E C T O R L A U N C H T IM E A P O G E E
1 9 M A R C H
30 M A R C H
2 5 A P R I L
1 6 M AY
9 JUNEOX M A V24 MAY
on ii IMCZ.\J JUINt1 8 J U LY
3:40:58
3:40:54
3:37:30
3:37:30
3:46:30
3:41:55
3:40:263:39:46
2 2 5
2 45 - 4 7 0
400
390ixr\ooUy < o n4z U
- : 4 0 9
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 5 1
GEMINI X DUAL RENDEZVOUSV E RT I C A LDISPLACE-
MENT , N Mlx lO
18 r
BELOW 6 -
32 24 16 8 0 8
A H E A D . I BEHINDH O R I Z O N TA LDISPLACEMENT,N Ml x 10 2
16
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
20/200
NASA-S-66-11750
GEMINI XI
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O R Y
V E RT I C A L
D I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
A B O V E
B E L O W
20
0
20
40
60
80
01:02- T P F
-00:32 SC I N S E RT00:06:40-
80 1 2 0 160 2000 40AHEAD-^BEHIND
H O R I Z O N TA L D I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
NASA-S-66-11987
GEMINI XISTABLE ORBIT RE-RENDEZVOUS
o
VERTICALDISPLACE-
MENT,N Ml '
100
-VISUAL BRAKING1:13:10
INTERCEPT M V R0:00
-34 CORRECTION1:04:40
10 15 20
HORIZONTALDISPLACEMENT,N Ml
25
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
21/200
NASA-S-66-12076
R E N D E Z V O U S M I D C O U R S EP H A S E S U M M A RY
GEMINI V E L O C I T Y,FPS
MISSIONT7T AV 1- A
VIII
T7 AJJL-A
~VT -Al
YTT
NOM
1 1 7\ \ /
, 1 1 7\ \f
19AI/O
1 f)f\ i/u
O f\oU
1 1 *
-ACTUAL AtjPI,MIN
ICO 4- 91 ....ioy T/.I
i cr\ i o 7 ,.IOU Ty./
1V3 1 9I/J I./
i t\ O O-141 -/.Z
i i i r\ o44 TU.o
1A7 + 0
AAH, N Ml
- . 1 1" 1.1
1 91 ./
OO./
o .y
i .^
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
22/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
23/200
NASA-S-66-12045
GEMINI YI-A, V T T TAND X
R E L AT I V E T R A J E C T O RY
V E RT I C A L
D I S P L A C E M E N T,N Ml
-TPF, 05:36:28
0 160 320 480 640 800 960 1120AHEADH-BEHIND
. H O R I Z O N TA L D I S P L A C E M E N T,N M l
NASA-S-66-11905
T Y P I C A LM I D C O U R S E M A N E U V E R SALTITUDE
DIFFERENTIAL,N Ml
BELOW " C I R C U L A R I Z E -
20
40
60
80
IVAR
1000 800 600 400
T R A I L I N GDISTANCE/N Ml
200 0BEHINDH
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
24/200
NASA-S-66-11909
FIRST O R B I T R E N D E Z V O U ST R A J E C T O R Y
ABOVE
B E L O W
A LT I T U D E 20D I F F E R E N T I A L ,
N Ml 30
TPI
D I S P E R S E D HIGH
D I S P E R S E D L O W
NOMINAL
1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70AHEAD -4* BEHIND
TRAILING DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11876
GEMINI R E N D E Z V O U SS U M M A RY
MISSION
GEMINI YI-A
GEMINI YEI
GEMINI IX-A I N I T I A LFIRST
R E - R E N D E Z V O U SS E C O N DR E - R E N D E Z V O U S
GEMINI X I N I T I A L
D U A L R E N D E Z V O U S
GEMINI XI I N I T I A L
.. R E - R E N D E Z V O U S
GEMINI Xn
TA R G E T
GEMINI 3fflS PA C E C R A F T
GEMINI V T T TA G E N A
AT D A
GEMINI X AGENA
GEMINI YfflAGENA
GEMINI XI AGENA
GEMINI XE AGENA
A P P R O A C H
B E L O W
BELOW
BELO\W
E Q U I -^ P E R I O DA B O V E
BELOW
BELOW
BELOWS TA B L EO R B I T
B E L O W
A hN Ml
15
15
12.5
07.5
15
5
10
0
10
w tDEC
130
130
130
80130
130
80
120
292
130
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
25/200
NASA-S-66-11910
T E R M I N A LP H A S E C O M P U T E RS E Q U E N C E
TA R G E T
V E R N I E R. T H R U S T
T I M Eon A F T E R TPh
1 5 MIN
, ALIGN / / / , , , ,4 IMU 7
V E R N I E RT H R U S T
B A C K U PD ATA TIME,MIN
D C B A 60 55 50 I 1 1
i l I I I l I I I I IR A D A R
S A M P L E S
TPI
T H R U S T-PUSHSTARTCOMP
A V DISPLAY
NASA-S-66-11878
TPI P R O C E D U R E S
B O R E S I G H T ON TA R G E T
MONITOR 6, R, R E V E RY MINUTEWHEN 0*21.4, R E C O R D D AT A F O R POINT B
O N T P I C H A R TP U S H S TA RTCOMP B U T T O N A F T E R N E X T
D AT A P O I N TR E C O R D D ATA AT POINT D
E N T E R T P I C H A R T, C A L C U L AT EAR,AV N /A N D T P ITIME
C O M P A R E AR AND AV N W I T H C L O S E D LOOPAND MSFN
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
26/200
NASA-S-66 -11986
B A C K U P DATA
TA R G E T
e - 0
A R =R A C T ]R A C T ]R A C T
4 ' = (9, T Y P E T R A J ). R REQ
R, R FROM R A D A R
e REQ = (6, T Y P E T R A J )
0 A , 0 Di FROM P L AT F O R M OR G A FROM S E X T A N T
0 D -0 A FROM S TA R S
NASA-S-66-11879
FAILUREMODES
FA I L U R E FWD/AFTA V S O U R C E
UP/DWN
A'V S O U R C E
NONEC L O S E D - L O O P
GUIDANCEC L O S E D - L O O P
GUIDANCE
R A D A R NOMINAL M D Ue ,
C O M P U T E R ANALOG GAGE R , R F D A I 6 7 A 0
IMU MDU R, R
S E X TA N T
NOMINAL0 / S T A R S A 0
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
27/200
NASA-S-66-11911
T E R M I N A L P H A S ELIGHTING
SUN LOSTPI-20MIN
H O R I ZLO S
LOS AT TPI
SUN LOSTPI-10MIN
L O S ATC I R C U L A R I Z AT I O N
-20MIN
H O R I ZLO S
SU NLOS TPI
NASA-S-66-11912
T E R M IN A L P H A S E M A N E U V E R S U M M A R Y
GEMINI
MISSIONYI-A
V T T T
E X - A
X
xn
C L O S E D LOOP GUIDANCE ANDA P P L I E D M A N E U V E R S- FPS
TPI
NOM
F W D32
32
27
32
22
A C T
F W D31
25
( 2 7 )26
41
( 2 2 )
UP
DWN4U
3U
(1U)8 U
( O U )IU
(OU)
RT
LFT1R
8R
( 2 R )4R
(OL)1 6L
(OR)
1 ST V E R N I E R
F W D
A F T7 F
1 2F
2A
1 5A
(OF)
UP
DWN7U
6U
2U
{140)22D
( 2 U ) .
RT
LFT5L
1 R
3R
1 R
( O R )
2 N D I V E R N I E R
F W D
A F T4F
4F
3F
(OF)IF
( 5 A )
UP
DWN3U
7U
2 D
25D
(ID)
R T
LFT6R
3R
O R
5R
(OR)
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
28/200
NASA-S-66-11906
C O N C L U S I O N S
R E N D E Z V O U SE X E R C I S E SH I G H LY S U C C E S S F U L
C R E W PA RT I C I PAT E D E X T E N S I V E LY
DIRECTEDG U I D A N C ES Y S T E M O P E R AT I O N
D E T E C T E DAND IDENTIFIED M A L F U N C T I O N S
TOOK C O R R E C T I V EA C T I O N
MONITORING A N D B A C K U P D ATA REQUIRED
RANGE, R A N G E R AT E S PA C E C R A F T AT T I T U D EA N G L E S
V I S U A LAND R A D A R TA R G E TT R A C K I N GF L I G H T C H A RT S E S S E N T I A LF O R MONITORING
A N D B A C K U P
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
29/200
OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DOCKED CONFIGURATION
By Homer W. Dotts
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
30/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 5 8
DOCKING CONCEPTS .C O L L I S I O NC O U R S E / NONCOLLISION C O U R S E
T R A P E Z E HOOK
PROBE A N D D R O G U E
T E X A S L A S S O
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 1
D O C K I N G A N D MOORING SEQUENCE
DOCKING A D A P T E R
DISCHARGEFINGER
RIGIDIZED
DOCKED
DOCKING CONE
INDEXING B AR
A P P R O A C HSPACECRAFT
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
31/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 3 9
TA R G E T DOCKING A D A P T E R A S S E M B LY
DIPQLEANTENNA
SPIRALANTENNA
ACQUISITIONLIGHT
D A M P E R S
SPIRALANTENNA
AGENA STATUSDISPLAY
I N D I C ATO R SDOCKING
CONE
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 2
E N E R G Y R E Q U I R E M E N T ST W O D E G R E E S O F F R E E D O M
Xi=0
E N E R G YR AT I O
X 9 =0H
BEFORE IMPACT
X 2l
3 4 5
MASS R AT I O ,8
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
32/200
NASA-S-66-12059
T Y P I C A LRESPONSES TA B I L I Z AT I O NS Y S T E M S O F F
D I S TA N C E , F O R C E ,IN.
26
20
15
10
5
0
1000
800
600
400
200
DEC/L B I N I T I A LCONDITIONS: SE C
H O R VEL = 1.5 F T / S E C -, 5V E RT VEL = 0.5 F T / S E C
'/ -
0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2 1.4
TIME, S E C
NASA-S-66-12060
T Y P I C A LR E S P O N S ES TA B I L I Z AT I O NS Y S T E M S ON
D I S TA N C E , F O R C E ,IMITIAI r Kinm Kic DEG /IM ID I N I T I A LCONDITIONS: ccrIN26
20
15
10
5
0
LB1000
800
600
400
200
0
H O R VEL = 1.5 F T / S E C.VERT VEL = 0 .5F T / S E C
SEC5
4
3
.2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2 1.4TIME, S E C
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
33/200
NA S A. S -6 6 -117 6 1
MANEUVERINGL O A D S
Q U A L I F I C AT I O NTEST
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
34/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 3
P R I M A RY P R O P U L S I O N S Y S T E MS TA B I L I T Y S T U D Y
16
12
GAINM A R G I N , 8
dB
M O D I F I E D C O N T R O LSYSTEM
MINIMUM DESIRABLEG A I N M A R G I N//////^/////////////^^^^^^
S TA N D A R DC O N T R O LSYSTEM **-'
0 .5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
F I R S TBENDING M O D E D A M P I N GR AT I O , PERCENT
NASA-S-66-11760
M O O R E D
C O N F I G U R AT I O NG R O U N D
V I B R AT I O NTEST
UU
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
35/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 2 4
C O M PA R I S O N O F INFLIGHT DATAWITH G R O U N D - T E S T D ATA
T E S T
GROUND
I N F L I G H T
F R E Q U E N C Y,
C P S
3.3
4.0
DAMPING RATIO,
PERCENT
3
(AMBIENTTEMPERATURE)
4.5 TO 6.5
(TEMPERATUREUNKNOWN)
SPRING-COUPLING
C O E F F,PERCENT
3 TO 6
3 TO 6
NASA-S-66-11981
C O N T R O L S Y S T E M S P E R F O R M A N C E
GEMINI
MODE
R AT E COMMAND
P L AT F O R M
DIRECT A N D PULSE
USE
FA S T M A N E U V E R S
G E N E R A L AT T I T U D EHOLD
S E L D O M U S E D
G AT V
G Y R O C O M PA S S
I N E RT I A L
PRECISE HEADING MA
S TA R P H O T O G R A P H Y
N E U V E R
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
36/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 0
D O C K E D M A N E U V E R S- GEMINI X
M A N E U V E R
P H A S EA D J U S T
HEIGHTA D J U S T
C I R C U L A R -I Z AT I O N
PHASEA D J U S T
P L A N EC H A N G E
P H A S EA D J U S T
TA R G E TVEHICLEENGINE
P
P
P
S
S
S
FIRINGSTART,G.E.T.
HR:MIN
7:39
20:20
22:37
22:46
41:04
41:36
FIRINGTIME,SEC
1 3
10
2
10
18
4
A VG R O U N D
COMMANDFT/SEC
420.0
340.0
75.7
7.7
14.8
3.5
A VA C T U A L ,FT/SEC
423.6
346.2
82.2
9.7
16.0
4.4
O R B I TA P O G E E /PERIGEE,
N Ml412/158
205/158
208/203
209/205
209/205
208/205
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 7 8
T Y P I C A LAT T I T U D ER E S P O N S ED U R I N G F I R I N G
10
8
AT T I T U D E6ERROR( m e ) ,
DEG 4
0
C E N T E R O F G R AV I T Y. O F F S E T=0 .5 DEG-
5 10 15 20 25FIRING TIME,SEC
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
37/200
NASA-S-66-11728
DOCKED MANEUVERSFO R GEMINI X IPRIMARY ENGINE
MANEU-VER
PLANEC H A N G E
R A I S EA P O G E E
L O W E RA P O G E E
FIRINGSTART,G.E.T.
HR:MIN
4:29
40:30
43:53
FIRINGTIME,SEC
3
25
22.5
AVDESIRED,FT/SEC
110.0
920.0
920.0
A\VA C T U A L ,FT/SEC
109.8
919.6
919.47
ORBITA P O G E E / P E R I G E E ,N Ml
164/154
741/156
164/154
NASA-S-66-12058
C O N C L U S I O N S
M A N E U V E R I N G ,DOCKING A N D C O N T R O LOF S PA C E C R A F TIN ORBIT IS P R A C T I C A L
JOINING O F MANNED T O UNMANNEDU N I T S C A NP R O V I D E L A R G EM A N E U V E RC A PA B I L I T Y
A V E RY S U C C E S S F U LENGINEERINGD E V E L O P M E N T
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
38/200
OPERATIONS WITH TETHERED SPACE VEHICLES
By David D. Lang
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
39/200
NASA-S-66-11789
GEMINI-AGENA TETHER CONFIGURATION
NASA-S-66-11989
GEMINI-AGENA S P U N - U rT E T H E R E X E R C I S E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
40/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 3 5
EFFECT OF TETHER DAMPING ON THEATTITUDE OSCILLATIONS OF TETHERED SYSTEM S
40 r
RELATIVEY A W ANGLE(H DEC
400
TETHER TENSION, 30
200
100
0
W I T H DAMPINGW I T H O U TDAMPING
i\ ' i. .'! ii ii t'. :;! k ' A
50 100TIME,SEC
150
NASA-S-66-11737
EFFECT OF TETHER DAMPINGON S L A C K - TA U TO S C I L L AT I O N S
U N S T R E T C H E DT E T H E R LENGTH = 100 FTS L A C K T E T H E R IS DENOTED BY ^
llOr
105
DISTANCEB E T W E E N 100
T E T H E RATTACHMENT
POINTS, FT 95
90^
0
r
50i
100
1
150TIME, S E C
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
41/200
NASA-S-66-12077
GEMINI-AGENA G R AV I T Y G R A D I E N TT E T H E R E X E R C I S E C O N C E P T
R E S T O R I N G T O R Q U E
1 UNIT O F MASS
1 UNIT O F M A S S
C E N T E R O F E A RT H
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 6
EFFECT O F OFF-NOMINAL RELATIVEV E L O C I T YO NMOTION O F G R AV I T Y G R A D I E N TTETHEREDS Y S T E M
DE C40
20
-20
-40;
-
- /' "\ / \/ \ / \_ / \ ' \
C^\ Jl^v "7/ \
\^^/ 1 VEL ERROR=\ / VEL E R R O R =
\ ^' VEL E R R O R=
\NT *jf\\\/^\0
\
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
42/200
N A S A . S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 4
EFFECTS ON RIGID BODYATTITUDE RESPONSEDURING G R AV I T YGRADIENTMOTION DUE TO
INITIALTETHERSLACKNESSOF 1 FT
ft
TETHERTREK(FT)
+10
_2
OINTS OF TETHERTAUTNESS yt ORBIT
SLACKTETHERREGION
400 800TIME (SEC)
1200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 3 8
A V ERROR
FROM
PERFECT
START,
FT/SEC
.30
.25
.20
.15
.10
.05
GEMINIG R AV I T YGRADIENTTETHER EXERCISE
S TA RT I N GPROCEDURE CHART
HALF AMPLITUDEO F RESULTANTDEGREES OFMOTIONAFTER15 MIN
fl/2 MIN 1MIN
NO CAPTURE / CAPTURELIMIT
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
DEGREES OF AGENA DRIFTIN RETICLE
10 11
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
43/200
NASA-S-66-11990
GEMINI-AGENA G R AV I T Y G R A DIE N TTETHER E X E R C I S E
- L O C A LV E RT I C A L
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
44/200
LIFE S U P P O RT S Y S T E M SF O R E VA
By Harold J. M e M a n n
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
45/200
NASA-S-66-11993
GEMINI E V ALIFE SUP POR T SYS TEM ELEMENTS
S PA C E S U I T
P O RTA B L EE N V I R O N M E N TA LC O N T R O LS Y S T E M
U M B I L I C A L
NASA-S-66-11992
GEMINI E V A LIFE S U P P O RT S Y S T E MT E S T I N G
UNMANNED TESTS
V I B R AT I O N ,A C C E L E R AT I O N , R A P I DD E C O M -P R E S S I O N , RFI, H U M I D I T Y,O X Y G E NC O M PAT I B I L I T Y,S T R U C T U R A L
MANNED TESTS
T H E R M A L P E R F O R M A N C EIN S I M U L AT E D S PA C EE N V I R O N M E N TW I T H I N D U C E D W O R K L O A D
E N D - TO - E N DS Y S T E M S T E S T SW I T HS PA C E C R A F T A N D C R E W
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
46/200
NASA-S-66-11870 GEMINIG - 4 C E V A SPACE SUIT
NECKDAMS T O WA G E
PA R A C H U T EH A R N E S S
HANKERCHIEFAN D PENCIL
STOWAGE
PRESS. INDICATOR
SURVIVAL KNIFE
S T O WA G ES C I S S O R SSTOWAGE
F L TPLAN STOWAGE
N A S A S 6 6 I I 7 9 8
GEMINI1 2 AND YET EVASPA CE SUIT
GEMINI 12 EVAC O V E R L AY E R
C O N F I G U R AT I O N
HT- l NYLON OUTERP R O T E C T I V EL AY E R
HT-l NYLON
M I C R O M E T E O R O I DA B S O R B E R
SUPER INSULATION
HT- l NYLON INNERMICROMETEOROID
STOPPER L AY E R S
TO TA L W E I G H T =33.9 OZ/YD2
TOTAL THICKNESS=0.200 INCHES
GEMINI V T T TEVAC O V E R L AY E R
CONFIGURATION
HT- l NYLON OUTERP R O T E C T I V EL AY E R
SUPER INSULATION
C O AT E D NYLONINNERM I C R O M E T E O R O I DSTOPPER L AY E R S
TO TA L W E I G H T=26.3 OZ/YD 2
T O TA L THICKNESS^0.037 INCHES
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
47/200
NASA S-66-11790 GEMI NI E
E X T R AV E H I C U L A RLIFEFEED P O RT A D A P T E R
MANUALE M E R G E N C Y
02
S U P P O RT S Y S T E M
O X Y G E NBOTTLE
SUITD E M A N D
R E G U L AT O R
^SHUTOFF
I , VA LV E
[RP R E S S U R ER E G U L AT O R
-COMMUNI -C AT I O N S A N D
B I O I N S T R U -M E N TAT I O N
C O N N E C T O R
TETHER
C A B I NR E P R E S S U R -
IZATION
VA LV ES PA C E C R A F T
O X Y G E NTA N K
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 8 4
GEMINI VJH THROUGH XTJ
LIFE S U P P O RT S Y S T E M
C H E S T PA C K
C H E S T PA C K R E S T R A I N TS T R A P S
OXYGEN S U P P LY FITTING
T E T H E R
UMBILICAL
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
48/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
49/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 9 3
N o U M B
ELSS,30 F O O T
UM BS PA C E C R A F T E N D
T E T H E RC O U P L E R
QUICKDISCONNECT
M AT E S INS C ADAPT
SECT.
CHAFINGGUARD
-HOOK
ELECT.C A B L E
UM BELECT.
CONNECTOR
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 9 4
N 2 VA LV E AND QUICKDISCONNECT A S S E M B LY-
( M AT E S HHMU)N 2 UMB-
rT E T H E R
TETHER
AT TA C H A S S E M B LY( M AT E S LEFT HIP OFPA R A C H U T E
H A R N E S S )ELECT. CONNECTOR
( M AT E S S U I T )
UM B
0 2FITTING(ELSS)
ELECT.CONNECTOR
(ELSS)
INSULATIONNYLON C O V E R
ELECT. H A R N E S S
ELSS,30 F O O T
UM BSUIT E N D
SECTION A-A
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
50/200
BODY POSITIONING AND RESTRAINTS
By Eugene A. Cernan
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
51/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 5 3
GEMINI K-A
ADAPTERP R O V I S I O N
FOR EVA
NASA-S.66-11831
AM U DONNING W ITHOU T FOOTRESTRAINTS
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
52/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 6 8
AMU DONNINGW I T H FOOT
R E S T R A I N T S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 6 6
GEMINI XI AND XHE V A FOOT R E S T R A I N T S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
53/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 7 7
GEMINI E X T R AV E H I C U L A RP R O V I S I O N SE X T E N D A B L EH A N D R A I L S
E Q U I P M E N TA D A P T E RH A N D R A I LA U T O M AT I C A L LYD E P L O Y E D
R E T R O A D A P T E RH A N D R A I LM A N U A L LYD E P L O Y E D
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 5 3
GEMINI IX-A
ADAPTERP R O V I S I O N
FOR EVA
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
54/200
NASA-S-66-11848
H A N D R A I LO N A G E N ALEFT S I D E
NASA-S-66-11849
H A N D R A I LO N A G E N AR I G H T SIDE
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
55/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 3 2
GEMINI X O
T E L E S C O P I N GH A N D R A I L
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 2 0
T E L E S C O P I N GH A N D R A I LC O M P R E S S E D
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
56/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 5 4GEMINI XD
AGENA E V AW O R K STATION
EVA WORK STATION
NASA-S-66 -11797
FLEXIBLEV E L C R O - B A C K E D P O RTA B L EHANDHOLD
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
57/200
NASA-S-66-11796
RIGID VELCRO-BACKED PORTABLEHANDHOLD
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 1 9
WA I S T T E T H E R S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
58/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 5 2GEMINI ZD
EVA A D A P T E R W O R KSTATION
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 8 5 GEMINI
ADAPTER PROVISIONS FOR EVA
CROSSBARJ E T T I S O N E D
PRIOR TO EVA
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
59/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 5 5
GEMINI XU
AGENA E VA P R O V I S I O N SATTACH RIN0.5 MeV
E A RT HR A D I I
10C
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
N A S A - S 66-11757
PROTON DISTRIBUTIONIN THEEARTH'S FIELD1 .2
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
E A R T H '2
R A D I I 0
.2
.4
.6
.8
1.01.2
3xl0 B E F O R E S E P T. 2 3, 1963OMNIDIRECTIONAL F L U X
( P R O T R O N S / C M 2 / S E C )E N E R G Y >34 MeV
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
88/200
NASA-S-66-11752
S O U T H AT L A N T I CA N O M A LY D I A G R A M
E Q U AT O R mi
SOUTH AT L A N T I C
NASA-S-66-11755
L O C AT I O NO F R A D I AT I O NFLUXESIN S O U T H AT L A N T I CA N O M A LY
FOR 300 N MlALTITUDE28.5 O R B I TA LG R O U N D T R A C K
180 120 60 0 60
LONGITUDE, DEG
120 180
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
89/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 5 9
VA R I AT I O NIN R A D I AT I O ND O S EI N T H ES O U T H AT L A N T I CANOMALY
C I R C U L A RO R B I T 160 N Ml
.05
.04
R A D I AT I O N.0 3DOSE,
RAD .0 2
.01
0
D E C AY E D D O S E / R E V T O 5-15-66U N D E C AY E D D O S E / R E V
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 5 8 GEMINI X
VA R I AT I O N IN R A D I AT I O ND O S EIN THE S O U T H AT L A N T I CANOMALY
ORBIT 160 BY 400 N Ml
10.0
8.0
6.0R A D I AT I O N
DOSE, 4.0R A D
DECAYED D O S E / R E V TO 7-17-66
U N D E C AY E DD O S E / R E V
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
90/200
NA SA S 66-12041
S009 GEMINI NUCLEAREMULSIONCOSMIC RAYEXPERIMENT
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 7 5 4
P R O TO N FLUX FO R GEMINI X I
1000 c
P R O T O NFLUX
PA RT I C L E S /T O OCM 2 /SEC
10
ORBIT 2 7
(1 .65X103)-
ORBIT 2 6(1.4/xlO 4 )
O R B I T 2 8(2.6xl O 5 )
1 60 120 80 40 0 40 80 120 160
LONGITUDE,D E C
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
91/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 3 0
GEMINIR A D I AT I O N
MONITORINGS Y S T E M
3 I N C H E S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
92/200
NASA-S-66-11953
S U M M A RYOF GEMINI RADIATIONMONITORING SYSTEM READINGS
GEMINIMISSION
X
XI
GMTHRsMIN
3:344:49
4S59
5:17
14:53POSTFLT
19:49
7:53
10:02
POSTFLT
G.E.T.HR:MIN
6:548:09
8:20
8:37
18:14
29:09
41:14
43:23
READINGN E T S TA
R K VR KV
R KV
TAN
R K V
C R N
C R N
DOSE,R A D
0.00.04
.18
.23
.78
.91
0.00
.02
.02.03*
'(AFTER B A C K G R O U N DR E M O V E D )
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 5 3 GEMINI X
C O M PA R I S O NOF THE GEMINI RADIATIONMONITORINGS Y S T E M A N D T H EC A L C U L AT I O N M O D EL
1 0 '
D O S E ,R A D
10
10"
- UNDECAYED DOSE
E L E C T R O N DOSED E C AY E D T O
7/17/66
D E C AY E D D O S E
-GEMINI R A D I AT I O NM E A S U R I N GS Y S T E M
R E A D I N G SR A D I AT I O N D O S E
I I i I I I
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
TIME AFTER INITIATION O F H I G H -A LT I T U D EM A N E U V E R ,H R
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
93/200
NASA-S-66-11833
GEMINI PA S S I V E D O S I M E T E R
NASA-S-66 -12088
PA S S I V E D O S I M E T E RRESULTS FO RMANNED GEMINI F L I G H T S
GEMINIMISSION
D U R AT I O NOF MISSION
D O S E T O L E F TC H E S T O FCOMMAND PILOT, RAD
mH
2YI-A
Y T J
vmIX-A
X
XI
xn
3 R E V O L U T I O N S
4 D AY S
8 D A Y S1 D A Y
1 4 D A Y S
1 1 H O U R S
3 D AY S
3 D A Y S
3 D A Y S
4 D AY S
LESS THAN .020
.040
.190
.025
.192
(ALLDOSIMETERSREAD LESS THAN .010)
.018
.770
.025 ( A P P R O X I M AT E LY )
.015
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
94/200
NASA-S-66-11954
ACCUMULATEDR A D I AT I O NDOSE C O M PA R I S O N S
GEMINI
MISSION
IX-A a
xb
*c
C AL CULAT ED
AUG 1964
ESTIMATE,R AD
0.30
17.3
.303
DECAYED
ESTIMATE,RAD
0.090
1.4
.091
MEASURED
PASSIVE
DOSIMETER,R AD
0.018
.770
.025
GEMINI RADIATION
MONITORINGSYSTEM, RAD
N O T APPLICABLE
0.910
.030
H E A D I N G SB A S E DU P O Ni 6 i N M IC I R C U L A R O R B I TF O R 3D A Y Sb READINGS BASED UPON 161 BY 400 N Ml ORBIT FOR 12 HOURS,
AND 161 N Ml CIRCULAR ORBITFOR 2/ 2 D AY S
H E A D I N G SB A S E DU P O N i6 i B Y 7 50 N M IO R B I TF O R 3 V SH O U R S ,AND 161 N Ml CIRCULAR ORBITFOR 2'/ 2 D AY S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 7 8
C O N C L U S I O N S
LOW R A D I AT I O ND O S E C O N F I R M E D
I M P R O V E D E L E C T R O N D E C AY M O D E L
R E L A X AT I O NO F R A D I AT I O N C O N S T R A IN T SO N F U T U R EM I S S I O N S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
95/200
CONTROLLED REENTRY
By David M. Box
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
96/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 9 2
DISPERSION E F F E C T S
D I S P E R S I O N
10% L/D
1 % RETRO THRUST
NOMINAL EFFECT
( A P P R O X I M AT E LY )1 0% CHANGEIN F O O T P R I N T S I Z E
-40 N Ml F O O T P R I N T SHIFT
1 SEC CHANGE INR E T R O F I R E TIME 4 N M l F O O T P R I N T SHIFT
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 4 3
R E E N T RY C O N T R O L C O N C E P T S
ON T R A C K
R A N G E E X T
FLY T O LEFT
NOR A N G E
E X T
F O O T P R I N T NMI
R E E N T RYF L I G H T PAT H
FLY T O R I G H T
h-54 N Ml1 5 DEG/SEC
S T E A D Y R O L LF O R E F F E C T I V E
Z E R O LIFT
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
97/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 4 4
R E E N T RY M A N E U V E RC A PA B I L I T Y
A LT I T U D E ,T H O U S A N D SO F F E E T400 250 190 100 50
100 r
80
F O O T P R I N T 60R E M A I N I N G ,
PERCENT 40
20
0
B A S E D O NFULL LIFTREENTRY
P E R C E N TO F
F O O T P R I N TR E M A I N I N G
21 23 25 27 29 31TIME F R O M RETROFIRE,M IN
33
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
98/200
NASA-S-66-11813
GEMINI ROLLING R E E N T RYTECHNIQUE
GUIDANCE INITIATION
- R O L L INITIATION
A LT I T U D E
FULL LIFTT R A J E C T O R Y
Z E R O LIFTT R A J E C T O RY
TA R G E T
R A N G E C A PA B I L I T Y
NASA-S-66-11814
ROLLINGR E E N T RYGUIDANCE LOGIC
PRESENT POSITIONO F S PA C E C R A F T
FULL L I F TPOINT
R PZ E R O LIFT POINT
TA R G E T
BC = fRC
RN - RP,
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
99/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 1 5
GEMINI C O N S TA N T B A N K A N G L EREENTRY T E C H N I Q U E
H A L F LIFTT R A J E C T O RY
A LT I T U D E
Z E R O LIFTT R A J E C T O RY
R A N G E
FULL LIFTT R A J E C T O RY
TA R G E T
M A N E U V E RC A PA B I L I T Y
NASA-S-66-12097
C O N S TA N T B A N K A N G L EREENTRYG U I D A N C E L O G I C
PRESENT P O S I T I O NO F S PA C E C R A F T
-60'
90
60H A L F LIFT P O I N T-
BC = fR N - R P
AR
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
100/200
NASA-S-66-11746
R E L AT I V EGEMINI S P L A S H POINTS
NOF
I M PA C TDISTANCE
FROMri\ \j iv\
TA R G E T,N Ml
S O L
0\J
*TH
20
10
10
20J T H^n
/^Y
E ;Fii fL J
PLAT A
NNRGB
n -
E D:T
s*
xn-VTT-
K-Avm
vn
>\
^
y ^
"A7
K
XI
1 00 90 80 7 0 60 50 40 30 20 1 0 0 1 0WEST-HAST
IMPACT DISTANCE FROM TARGET,N M l
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 9 8
GEMINIM I S S I O N
nm
IY
Y
YI-A
YHV T T T
IX-A
X
XI
xn
MISS,N Ml
1464
47
97
7
6.61.4
0.372.5
2.52.7
N A VE R R O R ,N Ml
1.20.8
474
2.5
2.3
2.2
4.2
4.02.4
S I G N I F I C A N TE R R O R S
F O O T P R I N T SHIFTL/D R E D U C T I O N
F O O T P R I N T S H I F T,I N O P E R AT I V EC O M P U T E R
I N VA L I DPOSITION U P D AT EN O R A D A R B E L O W
180,000 FT
L/D R E D U C T I O NE M E R G E N C Y R E E N T R Y
A U T O M AT I C R E E N T R YA U T O M AT I CR E E N T R Y
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
101/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 7 9
C O N C L U S I O N S
G U I D A N C E S H O U L DB E I N S E N S I T I V ET O L/D VA R I AT I O N S
MONITORING D I S P L AY S A N D B A C K U PP R O C E D U R E S M U S T B EAVA I L A B L E
A C C U R AT E NAVIGATION IS POSSIBLE
GEMINI R E E N T RY P O S S I B L E E I T H E RM A NU A L LY O R I N A U T O M AT I CMODE
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
102/200
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SUPPORT OF GEMINI
By Col. Royce G. Olson
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
103/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 2 4
GEMINI N E T W O R K S TAT I O N S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 2 5
GEMINI N E T W O R KS TAT I O N S (CONT)
1 C A P E K E N N E D Y
2 G R A N D B A H A M A
3 G R A N D TURK
4 A N T I G U A5 B E R M U D A6 C A N A R Y
7 K A N O
8 A S C E N S I O N9 T A N A N A R I V E
( D O D )
( D O D )
( D O D )
( D O D )( N A S A )( N A S A )
( N A S A )
(DOD)
( N A S A )
10
11
12
1314
15
16
17
C A R N A R V O N (WRE)
C A N T O N ( N A S A )
K A U A I ( N A S A )
P T A R G U E L L O (DOD)G U AY M A S ( N A S A )
W H I T ES A N D S (DOD)
CORPUS CHRISTI( N A S A )
EGLIN AFB (DOD)
T H R E ESHIPS A N D A I R C R A F TP O S I T I O N E DA S N E C E S S A RY
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
104/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
105/200
NASA-S-66-12105
PLANNED L A N D I N GA R E A S
W E S T AT L A N T I CZ O N E 1
?rw'" xi
M ID PACIFICZ O N E 4
W E S T PACIFICZ O N E 3
E A S T AT L A N T I CZ O N E 2
N A S - A ^ S 6 6 - 1 2 0 0 1
GEMINI 23-A R E C O V E RY
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
106/200
NASA-S-66-12100
GEMINI R E C O V E RY
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 7 2
40
30
20
10
DO D S U P P O RT - PROJECT GEMINISHIP - A I R C R A F T
150 r
50^^^^_
3 6 9 12
MISSION
3 6 9
MISSION
12
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
107/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 7 3
R E T R I E VA LR E L AT E D T O A C C E S S TIMEMANNED GEMINI MISSIONS
GEMINIMISSION
mIY
Y
YI-A
YEV T T T
K-A
X
21
xn
T I M E F R O M
S P L A S H T OR E C O V E RY
1:10
0:57
1:29
1:06
0:33
3:10
0:52
0:28
0:24
0:28
SHIP
A C C E S SH O U R S
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
R E M A R K S
C R E W R E M A I N E DIN SC
L A N D E D IN W. PA C I F I C ZONE
C R E W R E M A I N E D I N S C
NASA-S-66-12099
SPLASH DISTANCE FROMTARGET POINT
92
MILES 50 -
n m LY YYi - AY H Y i nE X - Ax x i x nGEMINI MISSION
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
108/200
GEMINI LAUNCH AND TARGET VEHICLE
SUPPORT BY THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
By Col. Alfred J. Gardner
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
109/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 8 5
P R O G R A M O F F I C EM A N A G E M E N T
F O R E C A S T E V E N T SAND W O R K L O A D
N O N - F O R E C A S TR E Q U I R E M E N T S
E V O L U T I O N
I M P R O V E M E N T S
P R O B L E M S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 8 4
A F V E H IC L E S U P P O R T
A F S Y S T E M S COMMAND
S PA C E S Y S T E M SD I V I S I O NL O S A N G E L E S
I
P R O G R A M O F F I C E SA E R O S PA C E
C O R P O R AT I O N
1
6555A E R O S PA C E T E S TWING
C A P E K E N N E D Y
12 GEMINI L A U N C H V E H I C L E S
6 GEMINI A G E N A TA R G E T V E H I C L E S 7 S LV- 3 L A U N C HV E H I C L E S
G U I D A N C E E Q U AT I O N S
L A U N C HS E RV I C E S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
110/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 7 3 GEMINIYffl
VEHICLEERECTION
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 7 1
OFFLOADING OF AGENA
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
111/200
NASA-S-66-12072
AT L A SERECTION AT
C O M P L E X 14
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 8 1
H I S TO RY O F S PA C E C R A F T W E I G H T A N DPREDICTEDG L V MINIMUM PAY L O A D
C A PA B I L I T YAV E R A G E
MINIMUM GLVPAY L O A D C A PA B I L I T Y
W E I G H T,IN 100 LB
I N C R E M E N T S
AV E R A G ES PA C E C R A F T W E I G H T
AV E R A G E (GEMINIV T T TT H R O U G H X D)
1963 1 9 6 4 I 1965 I 1966
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
112/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 8 2
C O M PA R I S O N O F N O R M A L I Z E DPREDICTEDA N D A C H I E V E D PAY L O A DC A PA B I L I T I E S
PA R T I
W E I G H T, IN200 LB
I N C R E M E N T S
F I N A LPREDICTEDMINIMUM PAY L O A DC A PA B I L I T YF I N A LPREDICTEDPAY L O A DC A PA B I L I T YR A N G E (M IN . T O M A X . )
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 8 3
C O M PA R I S O N O F N O R M A L IZ E DP R E D I C T E DA N D A C H IE V E D PAY L O A DC A PA B I L I T I E S
P A R T E
W E I G H T, IN200 LB
I N C R E M E N T S
YI -A Y TH I X - A
S C A C T U A LS PA C E C R A F T L A U N C H W E I G H TA A C T U A L N O R M A L I Z E DP O S T F L I G H TPAY L O A DC A PA B I L I T Y
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
113/200
NASA-S-66-12087
GEMINI AGENA TA R G E T V E H IC L E' P R O J E C T SURE FIRE'
O C T 1965 FA I L U R E
N O V 1965 R E C O V E RYP L A N
DESIGN
S E A LEVELT E S T S
ALTITUDE TESTS
M A R C H 1 9 6 6 S U C C E S S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 8 6
CONCLUSIONS
' N O N - F O R E C A S T ' P L A N N I N GIS R E Q U I R E D KEY TO SUCCESS
F L E X I B I L I T YP E R S O N N E LF U N D SS C H E D U L E SM O T I VAT I O N
DOD/NASA C O O P E R AT I O NISC O M P L E M E N TA RY
E X P E R I E N C E O R G A N I Z AT I O N
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
114/200
F R E - G E M I N IM E D I C A LP R E D I C T I O N S
VERSUS G E M I N IF L I G H TR E S U LT S
By Dr. Charles A. Berry
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
115/200
NASA-S-66-12094
P R E D I C T E D W E I G H T L E S S E F F E C T SPA RT I
ANOREXIA
N A U S E A
D I S O R I E N TAT I O N
SLEEPINESS
SLEEPLESSNESS
FAT I G U E
RESTLESSNESS
E U P H O R I A
NASA-S-66-12095
P R E D I C T E D W E I G H T L E S S E F F E C T SP A R Tn
HALLUCINATIONS
D E C R E A S E Dg T O L E R A N C E
G.I. D I S T U R B A N C E
U R I N A RY R E T E N T I O N
DIURESIS
M U S C U L A RINCOORDINATION
M U S C L E AT R O P H Y
DEMORALIZATION OF B O N E S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
116/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 1 8GEMINI G-A
E X E R C I S EC A PA C I T Y TEST RESULTSPART I R E C O V E R Y
T E S T P E R I O D -240
200
H E A RT R AT E 1 6 0
ANDBLOOD P R E S S U R E 1 2 0
80
40
0
400
300
W O R K R AT E , 2 00WAT T S
100
P R E P O S TFIT FIT
H E A RT R AT EBLOOD P R E S S U R E
E N D O F T E S T
i i i I I L24 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 2 4 6
E L A P S E D TIME, MIN
NASA-S-66-12064
M E R C U RY MANNED FLIGHTSTA B L E I
F L I G H T
MR-3
MR-4
MA-6
MA-7
MA-8
MA-9
C R E W
S H E PA R D
GRISSOM
GLENN
C A R P E N T E R
S C H I R R A
C O O P E R
LAUNCH
5-5-61
7-21-61
2-20-62
5-24-62
10-3-63
5-15-63
HRS MIN
15
15
4 56
4 56
9 14
34 20
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
117/200
N A S A S 6 6 1 2 0 1 9 GEMINI IX-A
EXERCISE C A PA C I T YTEST RESULTSP A R Tn
400
300W O R K R AT E , 2Q O
WAT T S100
P R E F L I G H TP O S T F L I G H T
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16E L A P S E D TIME, MIN
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 12067
GEMINI MANNED FLIGHTSPA RT I
F L I G H T
m
LY
Y
YJJ
3O-A
vm
C R E W
G R I S S O MYOUNG
M C DIVITT
W H I T EC O O P E RC O N R A D
BORMANL O V E L L
S C H I R R AS TA F F O R D
ARMSTRONGS C O T T
L A U N C H
3-23-65
6-3-65
8-21-65
12-4-65
12-15-65
3-16-66
D U R AT I O ND AY S H R S r M I N
4 : 52
4 0: 56
7 22:56
1 3 18 : 35
1 1 : 53
10: 41
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
118/200
NASA-S -66-12068
GEMINI MANNEDFLIGHTSP A R Tn
F L I G H T
EX -A
X
XI
xn
C R E W
S TA F F O R DG E R M A N
YOUNGC O L L I N S
C O N R A DGORDON
L O V E L LA L D R I N
L A U N C H
6-3-66
7 -18 -66
9-12-66
11-11-66
D U R AT I O ND AY S HRS:MIN
3 1 :04
2 22 : 46
2 23 : 17
3 22 : 37
NASA-S-66-11939
S PA C E F L I G H T S T R E S S E S
FULL P R E S S U R E SUITC O N F I N E M E N TA N D R E S T R A I N T1 0 0 % O X Y G E N 5 p s iAT M O S P H E R ECHANGING C A B I N P R E S S U R E
( L A U N C H A N DE N T RY )VA RY I N G C A B I NA N D SUIT T E M P E R AT U R EA C C E L E R AT I O N - gF O R C EW E I G H T L E S S N E S SV I B R AT I O ND E H Y D R AT I O NF L I G H T P L A N P E R F O R M A N C ES L E E P N E E DA L E RT N E S S N EE DCHANGING I L L U M I N AT I O N
D I M I N I S H E DFOOD I N TA K E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
119/200
NASA-S-66-11931
GEMINI YH
PHYSIOLOGICAL M E A S U R E M E N T SP I L O T
160
120
H E A R TR AT E
80
40
0
C A P E DAY- NIGHT DSLEEP O
A
HIGHMEANLOW
Illl Il ll
32 64 96 128
G.E.T. , H R S
160 192
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 9 4 2
GEMINI C A R D I O VA S C U L A RE VA L U AT I O N T E C H N I Q U E S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
120/200
NASA-S-66-11901GEMINI
PEAK HEART RATES,BEATS/MIN
GEMINI MISSION
IEE
Y
YI-A
YO.
vmIX - A
X
XI
xn
L A U N C H
152-120148-128
148-155
125-150
152-125
138-120
142-120
120-125
166-154
136-110
R E E N T RY
165-130140-125
170-178
125-140
180-134
130-90
160-126
110-90
120-117
142-137
NASA-S-66-11932
1 45
1 30H E A RT
RATE 90
50
B L O O DnoT ILT PRESSURE 90
DATA 7012
GEMINI
LEGVOLUME
CC/100 CC
8
0
BEGIN END/ \.- '
PREFLIGHTP O S T F L I G H T
8 12 1 6 20 24M I N U T E S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
121/200
NASA-S-66-12104
HEART RATE TILT RESPONSEC O M PA R E D W I T H MISSION D U R AT I O N
160140
120POSTFLIGHT
V SPREFLIGHTPERCENT 60
O CP 1ST TILT
P 1 S TTILT
80 -
40
2 0
0
CP 2ND TILT
P 2ND TILT
J f i i i i i i2 4 6 8 10 12 14
M I S S I O N D U R AT I O N ,D AY S16
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 9 6
GEMINI B L O O D V O L U M ESTUDIES
20
G E M I N I IY 0
- 2 0
2 0
G E M I N IY 0
- 2 02 0
G E M I N IYH 0
- 2 0
T O TA L P L A S M A R E D CELLB L O O D V O L U M E M A S S
V O L U M E
- 3 7 8 -118-910 -492 -260
DCP
^P
-1061
- 5 4 7 -592-209
+ 419-441 -383
+ 24 +101NO SIG
C H A N G E- 4 4 -1 44 - 39 8
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
122/200
NASA-S-66-11903
P R O J E C T GEMINI B I O C H E M I S T R I E S
GEMINI YH PILOTU R I N E SODIUM
SODIUMmEq/24 M R S
200
100
0
A L D O S T E R O N E
U R I N E SODIUM
A L D O -S T E R O N E
A * g / 2 4M R S
100
PREFLIGHT INFLIGHT POSTFLIGHT
NASA-S-66-11929
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIES
GEMINI YEPURINE P O TA S S I U M
100 r
m E q / 2 4 HRS 50
0 L
PREFLIGHT INFLIGHT P O S T F L I G H T
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
123/200
NASA-S-66-11930
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIES
GEMINI YnCPURINE 1 7 - H Y D R O X Y C O R T I C O S T E R O I D S
mg/24 M R S
12.5
10.0
7.5
5.0
2 .5
nn
-
-
-
-
- - _
PREFLIGHT INFLIGHT POSTFLIGHT
NASA-S-66-12065
GEMINI B O N E D E N S I T O M E T RYS T U D YC H A N G E I ND E N S I T YO F H A N D P H A L A N X5 - 2
- 2 4
- 2 0
C H A N G EIN _1 6DENSITYOF
H A N D -1 2P H A L A N X
5-2 - 8
- 4
0
G -Y COMMANDPILOT
PILOT
B ED RESTS U B J E C T
G - Y E
4 D AY S600 TO 700
mg Co
8 D AY S300
mg Co
1 4 D AY S1000
mg Co
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
124/200
NASA-S-66-12070
GEMINI
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIESBOUND P L A S M A H Y D R O X Y P R O L I N E
0.21
0.17
"M/ML
0.13
F-20F L I G H T
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 7 4
G E M I N ILY
P R O J E C T GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIESBOUND P L A S M A H Y D R O X Y P R O L I N E
0.21
0.17
/iM/ML
0.13
0 F-10 * DAY R+0F L I G H T
P
C P
1R+ 2 R+4 R+6
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
125/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 9 3 3
T Y P I C A LGEMINI MENUPA RT I
D AY S 2 , 6 , 10 & 14
M E A L A C A L O R I E S
G R A P E F R U I TD R I N K 8 3
C H I C K E N A N D G R AV Y 9 2
BEEF S A N D W I C H E S 2 6 8
A P P L E S A U C E 1 65P E A N U T C U B E S 2 9 7
905
NASA-S-66-11943
LOSS O F B O N E D E N S I T YO N GEMINI M I S S I O N SPA RT I
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
126/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 9 2 6
GEMINI E
C A L O R I C I N TA K E2700 r
C A L O R I E S
M C D I V I T T(2066)
W H I T E ( 2 2 3 0 )
1 2 3 4MISSION, D U R AT I O N ,D AY S
P R O V I D E DON B O A R D ( 2550 )M E TA B O L I CR AT E B A S E D O N
CO 2 O U T P U T ( 2 4 1 0 )
NASA-S-66-12107
GEMINI YC A L O R I C I N TA K E
C A L O R I E S
2800
2400
2000
1600
1200
800
400
C O O P E R ( 1 0 7 5 )
CONRAD (915)
P R O V I D E D ONB O A R D ( 2 7 5 5 )
M E TA B O L I CR AT E F R O MC O 2 O U T P U T ( 2 0 1 0 )
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7MISSION D U R AT I O N , D AY S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
127/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 6 3
C H A N G EIN OS
C A L C I SDENSITY
(PERCENT)- 2 0
-1 6
-12
- 8
- 4
0
LOSS O F BONE DENSITYON GEMINI MISSIONS
PA RT H
G-IZ
4 D AY S600 TO 700
m g C o
G - Y
8 D AY S300
mg Co
COMMAND PILOT
PILOT
BED R E S TS U B J E C T
1 4 D AY S1000
m g C o
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 6 9
A S T R O N A U TW E I G H T L O S ST O N E A R E S T H A L FPOUND
MISSION F L I G H T
mE2
Y
YI-A
YE
VTTT
IX-A
X
XI
xn
COMMAND P I L O T
3
4.5
7.5
2.5
10
N O T AVAIL
5
3
2.5
6.5
P I L O T
3.5
8.5
8.5
8
6
N O T AVAIL
13.5
3
0
7
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
128/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 3 4
T Y P I C A LGEMINI MENUP A R Tn
D AY S 2, 6, 10 & 14M E A L B C A L O R I E S
O R A N G E - G R A P E F R U I T D R I N K 8 3B E E FPOT R O A S T 1 1 9B A C O N A N D E G G B I T E S 2 06C H O C O L AT EP U D D I N G 307S T R AW B E R RY C E R E A LC U B E S -114
M E A L C 829
P O TAT O SOUP 2 2 0S H R I M P C O C K TA I L 1 1 9D AT E F R U I T C A K E 2 62O R A N G E DRINK 8 3
T O TA L C A L O R I E S
68 4
2418
NASA-66-12106
2600
2300
2000C A L O R I E S
1700
1400
1100
GEMINI YH
C A L O R I C I N TA K E
nl0 1 3 4 5
M I S S I O N6 7 8
D U R AT I O N ,9 1 0D AY S
11 12 13 14
B O R M A N( 1 7 7 4 )
L O V E L L
P R O V I D E D O N B O A R D (2333)
M E TA B O L I CR AT E , F R O M C O oOUTPUT (2219)
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
129/200
NASA-S-66-11925
COMMAND P I L O T H E A RT R AT EC O M PA R I S O N SM A - 8 AND GEMINI YI-A
H E A RT R AT E ,B E AT S / M I N
1 40 r
120
100
80
- G E M I N I
- M E R C U RY
0 4 6G.E.T. ,MIN
8 10
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
130/200
SUMMARYO F G E M I N I E X P E R I M E N T SP R O G R A M
B y Norman G. Foster
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
131/200
NASA.S-66-12108
S U M M A R Y
G E N E R A LE X P E R I M E N T SP R O G R A M
C H A N G E S D U E TO O P E R AT I O N S
S C O P E O F T H EP R O G R A M
I N T E G R AT I O NI N T O M I S S I O N S
NASA-S-66-11915
E X P E R I M E N TP R O G R A M S U M M A RY
S P O N S O R I N G N O . O F T O TA LE X PA G E N C Y E X P E R I M E N T S MISSIONS
S C I E N T I F I C
O S S A ( S ) 17 47
T E C H N O L O G I C A L
O A RT (T) 2 2
OMSF (MSC) 10 -18
DOD (D) 15 - 26
M E D I C A L
MEDICAL (M) 8 18
T O TA L S 5 2 111
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
132/200
NASA-S-66-12109
P R I N C I PA L I N V E S T I G AT O R SA N D A F F I L I AT I O N SPART I
NAMEZODIACAL PHOTOGRAPHYSEA URCHIN EGG GROWTHFROG EGG GROWTHRADIATION ON BLOODT E R R A I NPHOTOGRAPHY
W E AT H E R PHOTOGRAPHY
CLOUD TOP SPECTROMETERVISUAL ACUITY
NUCLEAR EMULSION
AGENA MICRO COLLECTAIRGLOW PHOTOGRAPHYMICROMETEORITE COLLECTUV ASTRONOMICAL CAMERAION WAKE MEASUREMENTLIBRATION PHOTOGRAPHYDIM SKY ORTHICONDAYTIME SODIUM CLOUD
EXPERIMENTERNEYYOUNGYOUNGB E N D E RLOWMAN
JNAGLER,L f ^^ i ii r rSOULES
SAIEDYDUNTLEY
fSHAPIROL F I C H T E L
HEMENWAYKOOMENHEMENWAY
\ HENIZEMEDVEDMORRISHEMENWAYB L A M O N T
AFFILUOFMAMESAMESAECGSFC
U S W B
ESSAU OF CNRLGSFCDUDLEYNRLDUDLEYNWUEOSusesDUDLEYC N R S
MISSIONS2, 2ffl, IX, Xfflvm xnffl, 2112,2,21, 211, X,12,2 30,301,2
2,2EI2,211vm YT
'2ffl, 12,2,2012,21,20LX,X ,XDX,XI XDX,XIxnXIxn
xi xnX Tx n
NASA-S-66-12110
PRINCIPALINVESTIGATORSAN D AFFILIATIONSPART H
NAME
REENTRY COMMUNICATIONS
MANUAL SPACE NAVIGATION
ELECTROSTATICCHARGEPROTON-ELECTRON SPECTROMETERF L U X - G AT E MAGNETOMETEROPTICAL COMMUNICATIONLUNAR SPECTRAL REFLECTANCEBETA SPECTROMETERBREMSS T RAHLUNGSPECTROMETERCOLOR PATCH PHOTOGRAPHYEARTHS LIMB PHOTOGRAPHYLANDMARK MEASUREMENTS
EXPERIMENTER AFFIL MISSIONS
SCHROEDER LRCf SMITHL C R E E R
AMES
IE
X f f
LAFFERTYMARBACHWOMACKLILLYSTOKESMARBACH
LINDSEYBRINKMAN
PETERSEN
MANRY
MSCMSCMSCMSC
MSCMSC
MSC
MSCMITMSC
12,Y12,21112, 301,X, 2121Xx,xnx,xnX12
2n,x
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
133/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
134/200
NASA-S-66H1851
P H O T O G R A P H I C E Q U I P M E N T S T O WA G E
N A S A - S - 6 6 - U 8 5 7
GEMINI L O O S E E Q U I P M E N T S T O WA G E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
135/200
N A S A - S - 6 6- 1 1 8 4 5
RADIATION A N D O g EFFECTSON BLOOD CELLS
GEMINI E X P E R I M E N TS004
NASA-S-66-11960
E X P E R I M E N TS003
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
136/200
N A S A - 6 6 - 11 8 7 4
LOCATION O F RADIOMETRYEXPERIMENTD004 AND D007 E Q U I P M E N T
O P T I C A LS I G H TS T O WA G E
O P T I C A LS I G H TPA N E L
C O N T R O L S
S P E C T R O M E T E R / I N T E R F E R O M E T E R( C R Y O G E N I CC O O L E D ) -
ECS M O D U L E
FUEL C E L LMODULE E L E C T R I C A LB O X
A N D T E L E M E T RY
OAMSM O D U L E
R E C O R D E RE L E C T R O N I C S
BUFFERA M P L I F I E R
R E C O R D E RR E E L S
S P E C T R O M E T E R / I N T E R F E R O M E T E R
E L E CM O D U L E
T R A N S M I T T E R
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 8 1
O P E R AT I O N A LMISSION
CONFIGURATION
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
137/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 8 7
E X P E R I M E N TMISSION TIME LINE
GEMINIMISSION
TT7LV .-
\7T AYJ.-A
V I M
1 Y AiA-A
X3VTT...,
P L A N N E DMISSION
M A N H R S
i /in I4U.. OQQ ..Z o o
AAOO
TOO jy/on ..yu
on .yu
o n yuonyu
. 1 00 ..
P L A N N E DE X P E R I M E N T
A C T I V I T YM A N H R S
O K ...O
. OOZZ
A O
QAOO
- IOi y
. OAZ o. 17
P E R C E N TO F MISSION
1AIO
. 17 I/
101 Z... OOZ Z
....01Z \
...01/ 1
07o/... oo/y... n
T O TA L S 1377 299.5 2 2 AV G
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 8 8
PAY L O A DAND C O N S U M A B L E S
GEMINIMISSION
T\7LY _
TTJL "
T7T AV I-A
T7TTV II
VIII
TV AIA-A
YT ..
T O TA LE X P E R I M E N TW E I G H T(LBS)
AOo y. 1A7IO/
9nAzuo99 ,..
9 0 7 .Z O/97
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
138/200
NASA-S-66-11889
E X P E R I M E N TP E R F O R M A N C ES TAT U SGEMINI
MISSION L A U N C H E D A C C O M P L I S H E D PROBLEMS
m 3 2- - EQUIP
1 2 1 1 1 1Y 17- 16 MISSION
YI-A 3 3
YU 20 - 17 E Q U I P
V T T T 10 1 MISSION
E X - A 7 6 MISSION
X 1 5 1 2 MISSIONXI 11 10 MISSION
XH -14- --12- E Q U I P
TOTALS 111 90
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 6 4
P R O G R A M RESULTS
C O N T R I B U T I O NOF K N O W L E D G EAND D ATA
E X P E R I E N C E F O R L A R G E R P R O G R A M
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
139/200
S PA C E PHOTOGRAPHY
B y Richard W. Underwood
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
140/200
NASA-S-66-12111
GEMINI 70mm FILMS
NAME T Y P E
S.0.217 E K TA C H R O M E T R A N S PA R E N C Y
S.0.368
D-50
8443
S.O.I 66(0-85)
3400
2475
103-D
l-O
E K TA C H R O M E T R A N S PA R E N C Y( I M P R O V E D )
M I S S I O N S F L O W N
m, TY, Y, YI-A,Y H ,Yin, r x - A , xxi, xn
Y
xi, xn
A N S C O C H R O M ET R A N S PA R A N C Y
E K TA C H R O M E ,I N F R A R E D
U LT R A HIGH SPEED (ASA=6000)
PAN-ATOMIC X (ASA=80)
HIGH SPEED (ASA=1200)
S P E C T R O G R A P H I C(4500A-6100A) TX-A,XI
S P E C T R O G R A P H I C(2500A-5000A) X,XI,XII
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
141/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
142/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
143/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
144/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
145/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
146/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
147/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
148/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
149/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
150/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
151/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
152/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
153/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
154/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
155/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
156/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
157/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
158/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
159/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
160/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
161/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
162/200
S C I E N T I F I CEXPERIMENTS RESULTSS U M M A R Y
By Willis B. FosterJocelyn R. Gill
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
163/200
N A S A . S . 6 6 - 1 2 0 2 8
B A J A C A L I F O R N I A , M E X I C O
NASA-S.66-12025
A R A B I A NPENINSULAA N D R E D S E A
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
164/200
NASA-S-66-12029
GULF OF M E X I C O
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 3 0
C A M A G U E ZP R O V I N C E , C U B A
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
165/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
166/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 3 5
Z O D I A C A LL I G H T,P L A N E T V E N U S ,A N D A I R G L O WL AY E R
NASA-S-66-12026STARFIELD SEEN IN
SPLIT-FIELDFILTER P H O T O G R A P H Y
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
167/200
N A S A - S 66-11871
GEMINI XI
A I R G L O W P H O T O G R A P H SOBTAINEDFROM IMAGE ORTHICON S Y S T E M
N E A R CANOPUS N E A RA R C T U R U S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 3 6
M I C R O M E T E O R I T EIMPACT C R AT E R
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
168/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 3 1
PILOT RETRIEVING MICROMETEORITEC O L L E C T I O NPA C K A G E
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 3 3
U LT R AV I O L E T S P E C T R U MGRATING O F SIRIUS
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
169/200
NASA-S-66-12037
ULTRAVIOLETS P E C T R U M
O FC A N O P U S
C A N O P U SZ E R O ORDER
"/ GATV\ A I R G L O W/SHADOW\ L AY E R - A
x " ~-^V .3M G n
B A L M E RLIMIT-E A RT H ' S LIMB
C A N O P U S S P E C T R A
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
170/200
E X P E R I M E N T SR E S U LT S S U M M A R Y
B y Col . Wilbur A. Ballentine
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
171/200
NASA-S-66-11950
DOD/NASA GEMINI EXPERIMENTSP R O G R A MRESULTS
D O D
MANAGEMENT
D O D E X P E R I E N C EIN MANNEDS PA C E FLIGHT
E S TA B L I S H E DDOD/NASA
P R O C E D U R E S
I N F O R M AT I O NC O O R D I N AT I O N
DOD/NASAE X P E R I M E N T S
P R O G R A M
T E C H N I C A LRESULTS
N A S A
IMANAGEMENT
E X P E R I M E N TMANAGEMENTE X P E R I E N C E
E S TA B L I S H E DO R G A N I Z AT I O N A LA N D P E R S O N N E LR E L AT I O N S H I P S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 6 8
EXPNO.D001D002D006
D003D004D007D005D008D009
D010D012D013D014
D015D016
DOD/NASA GEMINI E X P E R I M E N T SFLIGHT
YYm,XIY, YHY, Y31Y H , *
TITLE
B A S I C O B J E C T P H O T O G R A P H YN E A R B Y O B J E C T P H O T O G R A P H YS U R FA C E P H O T O G R A P H YM A S S D E T E R M I N AT I O NC E L E S T I A L R A D I O M E T RYS PA C E O B J E C T R A D I O M E T RYS TA R O C C U L AT I O NNAVIGATIONR A D I AT I O NIN S PA C E C R A F TSIMPLE NAVIGATIONION S E N S I N G AT T I T U D ECONTROLX,XDA S T R O N A U T M A N E U V E R I N G U N I TTX-AA S T R O N A U T V I S I B I L I T YU H F / V H FP O L A R I Z AT I O N
M E A S U R E M E N T SNIGHT IMAGE I N T E N S I F I C AT I O NP O W E R T O O L E VA L U AT I O N
Y, YH
RESULT
C O M P L E T EI N C O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T EC O M P L E T E
INCOMPLETEC O M P L E T E
YET,IX-A I N C O M P L E T EYIJI, XI C O M P L E T EYTJl/XI INCOMPLETE
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
172/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 9 1 9
GEMINIY
L O V E F I E L D , D A L L A S ,T E X A S
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 6 6
GEMINI XL
EXPERIMENTD003
M A S S D E T E R M I N AT I O N
M E T H O D
T E L E M E T RY
A S T R O N A U T
AGENA WEIGHT- L B S
R E F E R E N C ED AT A
7268
7268
E X P E R I M E N TD AT A
6912
7820
VA R I AT I O N
LBS
- 3 5 6
552
/o
- 4 . 9
7.6
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
173/200
NASA-S-66-11949
D4/D7 E Q U I P M E N T C O V E R A G EE L E C T R O M A G N E T I C S P E C T R U M
V I S I B L E - y FREQ CPS
1017 1016 1015/ 1014 1013 1012 1011 1010
f
\ x-' R A Y S)) i
U LT R A -V I O L E T
i * i' -.76i
I N F R A R E DLIGHT
i i
R A D I OWAVES
i i
I
I (
.OOl^.Ol/; .!/* l/i lOju lOO/i 10JnWAV E L E N G T H IN M I C R O N S
PMT PBS , B O L O|R A D I O M E T E R ,GEMINI Y >2 TO Q^ Yl5 3. 4.3 TO 1
PMT PBS ,R A D I O M E T E R ,GEMINI YTJ 0 -br* oc ,'.2 TO .vio/j 1
IR S P E C T R O M E T E R ,GEMINI Y A N D Y T J, P B S , B O L O ,1 - 3 - 12/i
H g G eC R Y O G E N I CS P E C T R O M E T E R ,GEMINI Y AND YE /
NASA-S-66-11924GEMINI
SATELLITE T O S AT E L L I T EM E A S U R E M E N T
10',-7
S P E C T R A LI R R A D I A N C E
HA/ WATTCM' 2 /*' 1 10-8
1 0-9
GEMINI YI-A
V O I DS PA C E
1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8WAV E L E N G T H /M I C R O N S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
174/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 6 5GEMINI X
V E G A O C C U LTAT I O NEXPERIMENTD005
S TA R O C C U LTAT I O NNAVIGATION
5
4
3P H O T O M E T E R
O U T P U T,V O LT S
0-1
1 0 20 30 40 50 60E L A P S E D T I M E , S E C O N D S
NASA-S-66-11948
1000
100
GEMINI ED O S E R AT E
S O U T H AT L A N T I CANOMALY PA S SR E V O L U T I O N7
1 50 N Ml
DOSE RATE,MILLIRAD/HR 10
1.0
P O RTA B L E D O S I M E T E R FIXED D O S I M E T E R
I I J I0.10 4 8 12 16
09:38 G.E.T. E L A P S E D T I M E ,MIN
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
175/200
NASA-S-66-11947
GEMINI E
C O S M I C R A D I AT I O N D O S EL E V E L SD O S E R AT E ,M I L L I R A D /
H O U R0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.020
R E V O L U T I O N4 5
40 60E L A P S E DT I M E ,M IN
I i I i I i i
80
_ I2.0 1.5 0.0 1.5 2.0 1.5
L, E A RT H R A D I I0.0 1.5
100
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 9 6 7
GEMINI YTJORBIT PA R A M E T E R C O M PA R I S O N
EXPERIMENTD 0 0 9 - S I M P L ENAVIGATION
SET NO.
4
8
12
16
I N C L I N AT I O Ni - D E G R E E S
R E FD ATA
28.90
28.90
28.87
28.90
E X PD ATA
28.71
29.03
28.92
28 .72
RIGHT A S C E N S I O NOFA S C E N D I N GN O D E
n - DEGREES
R E FD ATA
192.03
192.06
192.01
192.02
E X PD ATA
191.85
192.37
192.20
191.84
RMS D E V I AT I O N S F R O MR E F E R E N C EP O S I T I O NA C R O S S T R A C K 6 . 3 N M lA L O N G T R A C K 10.1 N Ml
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
176/200
NASA-S-66-11946 GEMINI XH
E X P E R I M E N TD010IO N SENSING AT T I T U D E C O N T R O L
20
10YAW 0ANGLE,DEC -10
-2020
ION S E N S O R
YAW10
0ANGLE,DEC -1 0
-20
-i ..., I N E RT I A L S E N S O R
i i i i i
200 400ELAPSED T I M E , SEC
i i
600
NASA-S-66-11921
AMU,GEMINI SUIT,
AN D E L S S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
177/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 9 1 8 GEMINI 2H
A I R C R A F T PHOTOE X P E R I M E N T D013 GROUND A R R A Y
NASA-S-66 -11886
E X P E R I M E N TD016MINIMUM R E A C T I O NP O W E R TOOL
MODE S E L E C T O RSLEEVE
T R I G G E R S W I T C H
F O RWA R D - R E V E R S ES W I T C H
L I G H T S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
178/200
ASTRONAUT FLIGHT AND SIMULATION EXPERIENCE
By Lt. Col. Thomas P. Stafford
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
179/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 7 1 9
FIDELITYO F FLIGHTS I M U L AT I O N SV E R S U S A C T U A L F L I G H T
PA RT IMISSION A R E A S - L A U N C H
D C P S - SOUND, MOTION, V I S U A LS H I RT- S L E E V E
CMS - SOUND, V I S U A L ,SHIRT-SLEEVE,S U I T E D
GMS/MCC SIMULATIONS, SUITED
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
180/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 2 2
DYNAMIC CREW PROCEDURES S I M U L AT O R
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 0 9 6F E B 4GEMINIDYNAMIC C R E W P R O C E D U R E S S I M U L AT O R
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
181/200
N A S A . S 6 6 - 1 2 0 2 1
GEMINI MISSION S I M U L AT O R
NASA-S-66-12020
GEMINI MISSION S I M U L ATO R C O C K P I T
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
182/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 3 5
S PA C E - F I X E DVELOCITYA N D FLIGHT-PATH ANGLES PA C E - F I X E D V E L
F T / S E C X 1 Q 32 8
S PA C E - F I X E DFLIGHT PATHANGLE, D E C
32
24
16
8
0
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
FLIGHT D ATA
GEMINI MISSIONS I M U L AT O RD ATA
j^SECO
S PA C E - F I X E DFLIGHT PATH
A N G L E
S PA C E - F I X E DV E L O C I T Y
60 120 180 240 300TIME F R O M LIFT-OFF,S E C
360
NASA-S-66-11836
DYNAMIC P R E S S U R E A N D MACH N U M B E R
Q,LB/FT
800
600
2400
200
012
MACHNO.
8
4
0
FLIGHT D ATA--- GEMINI MISSION
S I M U L ATO R D ATA
!k-BECO
j i
I I I I
60 120 180 240 300TIME FROMLIFT-OFF,SEC
360
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
183/200
NASA-S-66-11837
C O M PA R I S O N O FL O N G I T U D I N A LA C C E L E R AT I O N
FLIGHT D ATA
-- GEMINI MISSIONS I M U L AT O RD ATA
- S E C O
0 60 1 20 1 80 240 300 360TIME F R O M LIFT-OFF, S E C
NASA-S-66-11720
FIDELITYO F FLIGHT S I M U L AT I O N SV E R S U S A C T U A L FLIGHT
PA RT 0MISSION A R E A S - R E N D E Z V O U S
H Y B R I D - D E V E L O P M E N T OF NORMAL AND
B A C K - U P P R O C E D U R E S RANDOM STAR FIELD- R E N D E Z V O U S
E Q U I P M E N T,FA IL U R E S , S H I RT- S L E E V E S
CMS - T O TA L S PA C E C R A F T S Y S T E M S ,SHIRT-SLEEVE
E X A C T S TA R F I E L D- SUITED W I T H S T O WA G ETO REFINE TIME LINES
GMS/MCC SIMULATION - SUITED W I T HS T O WA G E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
184/200
NASA-S-66-12024
E X T E R I O RV I E W O F H Y B R I D S I M U L ATO R
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2 0 2 3
INTERIOR VIEWO F H Y B R I DS I M U L AT O R
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
185/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 3 9
A LT I T U D EA N D S PA C E - F I X E D V E L O C I T YD U R I N G ORBIT
A LT,S PA C E D - N Ml
F I X E D VEL 16 F T / S E C x l O3 1 40
26.2 r 12026.0 - 100
25.8 - 8025.6 - 60
25.4 - 4025.2 L 20
- F L I G H T D ATA
G E M I N IMISSIONS I M U L AT O R D ATA
A LT I T U D E
S PA C E - F I X E DV E L O C I T Y
.-INITIATE P H A S EJ A D J U S T M A N E U V E R
1:00 2:00 3:00G.E.T., HR:MIN
4:00
NASA-S-66-11838
R E L AT I V ET R A J E C T O RY P RO F IL EDURING T E R M I N A L P H A S E
RIGHT .4L AT E R A L
D I S P L A C E - 0MENT, N Ml
L E F T-4
V E RT I C A LD I S P L A C E - 4
MENT, N Ml
BELOW 12
16
FLIGHT DATAGEMINI MISSIONSIMULATOR DATA
404 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44AHEADH-^BEHIND
H O R I Z O N TA LDISPLACEMENT,N Ml
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
186/200
GEMINI IX-A
R E N D E Z V O U SP R O P E L L A N T C O M PA R I S O NP A R TI
T R A N S F E R INITIATION
H Y B R I DS I M U L AT O RG E M I N I M I S S I O NS I M U L AT O R
FLIGHT
F I R S TC O R R E C T I O NH Y B R I DS I M U L AT O RG E M I N I M I S S I O N
S I M U L AT O RF L I G H T
0 20 40 60 80 100PROPELLANTC O N S U M E D ,LB S
N O T E :H Y B R I DS I M U L AT I O NI N C O R P O R AT E D S Y S T E MERRORS.G E M IN I M I S S I O N S I M U L AT I O N W A SNOMINAL
NASA-S-66-12103 GEMI NI IX-A
R E N D E Z V O U SP R O P E L L A N TC O M PA R I S O NP A R Tn
S E C O N D C O R R E C T I O NH Y B R I D S I M U L AT O RG E M I N I M I S S I O N
S I M U L AT O RF L I G H T
T E R M I N A L P H A S EH Y B R I DS I M U L AT O RG E M I N I M I S S I O N
S I M U L AT O RFLIGHT
0 20 40 60 80 100P R O P E L L A N TC O N S U M E D ,LB S
N O T E : H Y B R I DS I M U L AT I O NA N D G E M I N I M I S S I O N S I M U L AT I O N
C O N D U C T E D AT 1 5 N M lD I F F E R E N T I A LA LT I T U D E .FLIGHTC O N D U C T E D AT12.1 N M l DIFFERENTIALA LT I T U D E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
187/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
188/200
N A S A . S - 6 6 - 11 7 2 3
FIDELITYOF FLIGHTSIMULATIONSVERSUS A C T U A LFLIGHT
P A R T YMISSION A R E A S - R E E N T RY
CMS
GMS/MCC - SUITED, S H I RT- S L E E V E
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 1 8 4 0
A LT I T U D EDURING REENTRY
FLIGHT DATA
GEMINI MISSIONS I M U L AT O RDATA
A L TFTxlO 3
iooo r800
600
400
200
- R E T R O F I R E
A LT I T U D E
0-0:04 0:04 0:12 0:20 0:28 0:36
G.E.T. FROM R E T R O F I R E ,HR-.MIN
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
189/200
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
190/200
NASA-S-66-11827
C O N T R I B U T I O N ST O A P O L L O
LAUNCH A N D F L I G H T O P E R AT I O N S
R E N D E Z V O U SAND D O C K I N G
E X T R AV E H I C U L A RA C T I V I T Y
C O N T R O L L E DL A N D I N G L A U N C H O P E R AT I O N S
MISSION C O N T R O L
NASA-S-66-12004
R E N D E Z V O U S
A P O L L O R E Q U I R E M E N T S
L U N A R R E N D E Z V O U S
E A RT H O R B I TA L R E N D E Z V O U S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
191/200
NASA-S-66-11825
GEMINI O B J E C T I V E S A P P L I C A B L ET O APOLLO
LONG D U R AT I O N F L I G H T
R E N D E Z V O U SAND D O C K I N G P O S T- D O C K I N G M A N E U V E R S
C O N T R O L L E DR E E N T R YAND L A N D I N G F L I G H TAND G R O U N D C R E WP R O F I C I E N C Y
E X T R AV E H I C U L A R C A PA B I L I T Y
NASA-S-66-11826
C O N T R I B U T I O N S TO A P O L L O
MAJOR A R E A S
L A U N C H A N D F LIG H T O P E R A T I O N S
FLIGHTC R E W O P E R AT I O N S A N D TRAINING
T E C H N O L O G I C A L D E V E L O P M E N TO FS U B S Y S T E M SA N D C O M P O N E N T S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
192/200
NASA-S-66-12102
R E N D E Z V O U S D E M O N S T R AT I O N S
B A S I C F E A S I B I L I T Y
A P P R O A C H F RO M A B O V E
USE OF S TA R - H O R I Z O NSIGHTINGS
PA S S I V E R E N D E Z V O U S
L U N A R O R B I T R E N D E Z V O U SS I M U L AT I O N
ONBOARD C O N T R O L
M I D C O U R S E M A N E U V E R S A U X I L I A R YP R O P U L S I O N
NASA-S-66-11686
R E N D E Z V O U S
D E M O N S T R AT E D GROUND COMPUTATIONS FLIGHT COMPUTATIONS MANUAL C O M P U TAT I O N S USE OF S TA R S M I D C O U R S E M A N E U V E R S
- P L A N E CHANGE- H E I G H T A D J U S T- PHASING
E X P E R I E N C E T O TA L R E N D E Z V O U S 10
- INITIAL 6- R E - R E N D E Z V O U S 3- D U A L R E N D E Z V O U S 1
MODES D E M O N S T R AT E D7
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
193/200
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 6 9 1
DOCKING
DEMONSTRATED
O P E R AT I O NFEASIBLE
T R A I N I N GA D E Q U AT E
L I G H T I N GN E E D S
E X P E R I E N C E
GEMINI V T T T 1
GEMINI X 1
G E M I N IXI 4
G E M I N IXH 3
NASA-S-66-12006
E X T R AV E H I C U L A RA C T I V I T YA P O L L O R E Q U I R E M E N T S
C R E W T R A N S F E R
L U N A R S U R FA C E A C T I V I T I E S
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
194/200
NASA-S-66-12101
D E M O N S T R AT I O NO F L A N D I N GA C C U R A C YN Ml
60N O RT H
40
20
o -
20
40
S O U T H
60
- //
j/
56 N Ml j j
( 310 N Ml H
. TA R G E T P O I N Tffl E-
PREFLIGHT PREDICTED \TOUCHDOWN FOOTPRINT-*
i i i i1 00 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80
W E S T ^ N Ml - E A S T
NASA-S-66-12007
L A U N C H O P E R AT I O N S
P R E L A U N C HC H E C K O U T
O P E R AT I O N A LS U P P O RT
L A U N C H O P E R AT I O N S ORGANIZATION
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
195/200
NASA-S-66-12008
MISSION C O N T R O L
C O N T R O L C E N T E R / N E T W O R KS I M I L A R I T Y
F L I G H T C O N T R O L L E RT R A I N I N G
MISSION PLANNING P R E PA R AT I O N
FLIGHT P L A N P R E PA R AT I O N
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 11 8 2 8
C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O A P O L L O
FLIGHTC R E W O P E R AT I O N S A N D TRAINING
C R E W C A PA B I L I T Y
C R E W E Q U I P M E N T
C R E W T R A I N I N G ,MISSION P R E PA R AT I O NE X P E R I E N C E
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
196/200
NASA-S-66-12009
C R E W C A PA B I L I T Y
LONG D U R AT I O N
Z E R O - g A D A P TAT I O N
M U LT I - M A NC R E W P R O C E D U R E S
E X T R AV E H I C U L A RC A PA B I L I T Y
NASA-S-66-12010
C R E W E Q U I P M E N T
S PA C E S U I T S
P E R S O N A L E Q U I P M E N T
S A F E T Y A N D S U RV I VA L E Q U I P M E N T
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
197/200
NASA-S-66-12011
NASA-S-66-11829
C R E W T R A I N I N G
I N D I V I D U A L T R A I N I N G
S I M U L AT O R S
A C C U M U L AT E DFLIGHT E X P E R I E N C E
1940 MAN H O U R S
16 C R E WM E M B E R S
C O N T R I B U T I O N ST O A P O L L O
T E C H N O L O G I C A LD E V E L O P M E N TO F S U B S Y S T E M SA N D C O M P O N E N T S
C O M M U N I C AT I O N S G U I D A N C E AND N AV I G AT I O N E L E C T R I C A LP O W E R S U P P L Y P R O P U L S I O N
E N V I R O N M E N TA L C O N T R O L
G E N E R A LS U P P O RT
8/7/2019 Gemini Summary Conference Slides
198/200
NASA-S-66-12012
C O M M U N I C AT I O N SS Y S T E M
B E A C O N S