GEM/AQ Simulations on Intercontinental Transports

GEM/AQ Simulations onGEM/AQ Simulations onIntercontinental TransportsIntercontinental Transports

Science and Technology BranchEnvironment Canada


MECHANISM FOR TRANSPACIFIC TRANSPORTMECHANISM FOR TRANSPACIFIC TRANSPORTOF ANTHROPOGENIC OZONE AND FINE OF ANTHROPOGENIC OZONE AND FINE

PARTICLESPARTICLES

entrainment, dilution

ASIA PACIFIC NORTH AMERICA

NOx, SO2, VOC

warm conveyor

belts,convection

aerosols,HNO3

PAN (~10%)

VOCs (long-lived)

SOx (~10%)

OCaerosol PAN

O3

NOxO3sulfate

Boundary layer

Free troposphere2 km

subsidence

ozone, sulfate, OC

HEMISPHERIC POLLUTION

http://www-as.harvard.edu/chemistry/trop/news.html


GEM-AQ/MACHGEM-AQ/MACH

Meteorological Model with Chemistry

GEM-AQ/MACH

Emissions Processing SystemSMOKE

Forecastsozone, PM2.5, PM10

AQ – AQ – AAir ir QQualityualityMACH MACH –– MModelling odelling AAir quality and ir quality and CHCHemistryemistry

High spatial and temporal resolutions


GEM GEM GGlobal lobal EEnvironment nvironment MModelodel

Global Uniform400x200 ~ 90 km

Variable GlobalFocused ~ 25 km

Limited Area ~ 200 m

Canadian Weather Forecast Model


Inside GEM-AQ/MACHInside GEM-AQ/MACH

Gas-Phase Chemistry+

SOA formation

(ADOM-II Mechanism,

Odum or Jiang SOA approach)

One-step Operator Splitting:

Dry Deposition

Velocities of Gases

Major Point Source

EmissionsFlux

GEM – TransportsAdvection

ConvectionVertical Diffusion

Particle micro-phys. + Cloud Processes + In. Het. Chem.

(Aerosol Activation,Aqueous Chem.,

cloud/precipitation scavenging,evaporation )12 – Size bins

( ISORROPIAand HETV

{SO4 - NO3 - NH4} )

CAM – Canadian Aerosol ModuleCAM – Canadian Aerosol Module

(Nucleation + Condensation, Coagulation,

Dry Dep.)


GEM/AQ Model GEM/AQ Model

GEM-AQ: GEM-AQ: GGlobal lobal EEnvironmental nvironmental MMultiscale ultiscale model (EC) – with model (EC) – with AAir ir QQuality (MAQNet)uality (MAQNet)Online gas phase chemistry and aerosol Online gas phase chemistry and aerosol

package (CAM, S. Gong, EC)package (CAM, S. Gong, EC)50 gas phase species, 4 size-resolved 50 gas phase species, 4 size-resolved

aerosol types (12 bins each)aerosol types (12 bins each)5 year simulation (2001-2005) with global 5 year simulation (2001-2005) with global

uniform resolution of 1.8x1.8 degrees uniform resolution of 1.8x1.8 degrees (200x100x28L up to 10mb) (200x100x28L up to 10mb)


Soil Dust at Surface April 1998Soil Dust at Surface April 1998


Surface Sulphate July 1998Surface Sulphate July 1998


Surface Ozone March 2000Surface Ozone March 2000


Black Carbon July 1998Black Carbon July 1998


Sulphate Vertical Section at 40 N, July 1998


Soil Dust Vertical Section at 40 N, April 1998


Hemispheric Transports of Air PollutantsHemispheric Transports of Air PollutantsHTAPHTAP

To characterize the contribution of inter-To characterize the contribution of inter-continental transports to the local air continental transports to the local air

qualityquality


PCB 028 Global Transport

A B D E

F

G

L

C16002758

249817778

281-582

-735987

22549941

-178-246

-248 741

13962644

-227-402

111-108

22099240

54-198

-736-1677

14-245

2151002

79-148 PCB028 Regional Budget

A B C D E F G L

PCB

Tot

al m

ass

[kg/

yr]

-80000

-60000

-40000

-20000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000Anthropogenic EmissionsExchangesDepositionsDegradationNet Transport

Inter-continental Transports of PCB 28 in 2000


Model vs. ObservationsModel vs. Observations

Comparisons underway:Comparisons underway:Ozonesonde climatologyOzonesonde climatologyOzone and precursor composite data from Ozone and precursor composite data from

aircraftaircraftAURA-MLS CO AURA-MLS CO GOME tropospheric column ozoneGOME tropospheric column ozoneMOPITT, SCIAMACHY, OMI…MOPITT, SCIAMACHY, OMI…


Looking up: ozonesondesLooking up: ozonesondes

Monthly mean climatology compiled by Monthly mean climatology compiled by Logan (1999)Logan (1999)

35 stations over the globe35 stations over the globeData records mostly from 1980-90’sData records mostly from 1980-90’sCompared with model results for 2001-Compared with model results for 2001-

2004 (seasonal means)2004 (seasonal means)

AQ2006 Feb 15, 2006 [email protected] www.maqnet.ca

Alert

1000

850

700

500

400

300

200

150

100

0 50 100 150 200

Alert (82N, 62W) - DJF

GEMLogan

1000

850

700

500

400

300

200

150

100

0 50 100 150 200

Alert (82N, 62W) - MAM

GEMLogan

1000

850

700

500

400

300

200

150

100

0 50 100 150 200

Alert (82N, 62W) - JJA

GEMLogan

1000

850

700

500

400

300

200

150

100

0 50 100 150 200

Alert (82N, 62W) - SON

GEMLogan


Edmonton 100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Edmonton (53N, 114W) - DJF

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Edmonton (53N, 114W) - MAM

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Edmonton (53N, 114W) - JJA

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Edmonton (53N, 114W) - SON

GEMLogan


Goose Bay 100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Goose Bay (53N, 60W) - DJF

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Goose Bay (53N, 60W) - MAM

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Goose Bay (53N, 60W) - JJA

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Goose Bay (53N, 60W) - SON

GEMLogan


Cape Kennedy 100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Cape Kennedy (29N, 31W) - DJF

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Cape Kennedy (29N, 31W) - MAM

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Cape Kennedy (29N, 31W) - JJA

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Cape Kennedy (29N, 31W) - SON

GEMLogan


Lindenberg 100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Lindenberg (52N, 14E) - DJF

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Lindenberg (52N, 14E) - MAM

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Lindenberg (52N, 14E) - JJA

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Lindenberg (52N, 14E) - SON

GEMLogan


Sapporo 100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Sapporo (43N, 141E) - DJF

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Sapporo (43N, 141E) - MAM

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Sapporo (43N, 141E) - JJA

GEMLogan

100

1000 0 50 100 150 200

Sapporo (43N, 141E) - SON

GEMLogan

Documents

GEM/AQ Simulations on Intercontinental Transports