GCSE ICT

Viruses, Security

&

Hacking

Introduction to Viruses – what is a virus?

Computer virus definition- Malicious code of computer programming

How do they work- Designed to install, propagate & cause damage- Work on the memory of a system- 2 points of invasion – Disk drives / Network adapter cards

GCSE ICT - Viruses

How a virus spreads:

GCSE ICT - Viruses

Virus

Preventative measures Anti-Virus software to scan files

- must be regularly updated Firewall software

- stops malicious programs being sent through networks - prevents unauthorised access (hacking) over the internet

Backups (regular).

Damage Caused Home computers Major organisations At worst, a total loss of data!

GCSE ICT - Viruses

What is a computer virus? Malicious code of computer programming

At what 2 points can a virus enter a computer system?• Disk drives (i.e. floppy disk, CD)• Network adapter card (over the internet, via e-mail, etc)

Name two ways that will help prevent viruses• Up-to-date Anti-virus software• Firewalls

GCSE ICT – Viruses (Recap)

Introduction to Security

Methods of protecting data Up-to-date anti-virus software Passwords/Log-ons Backups

- Stored away from the computer (tape, CD, removable hard-drives, off-site Web-based server)

Web-based servers - Advantages Back-up data less likely to be “Lost” Can upload information at any time Backup data can be easily be downloaded

GCSE ICT - Security

Web-based servers - Disadvantages May not be as secure Connection must be fast and reliable Fire/theft may cause upload/security information to be

lost

Keep information secure Prevent viruses

- up-to-date anti-virus software- scan files at regular intervals- scan all new files

GCSE ICT - Security

Keep information secure (continued…)• Prevent unauthorised access

- keep passwords CONFIDENTIAL!- choose random passwords- physical security (lock doors, etc)- secure & protect sensitive information

GCSE ICT - Security

What kind of information should be kept confidential?

Name 3 ways of protecting electronic data– Anti-virus software– Passwords/Log-ons– Keeping regular back-ups

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Web-based servers…

What ways can you prevent unauthorised access?– Keep passwords CONFIDENTIAL!– Choose random passwords– Physical security (lock doors, etc)– Secure & protect sensitive information

GCSE ICT – Security (Recap)

Hacking

Gaining unauthorised access to a computer, electronic information or network by breaking codes and

passwords to gain unauthorised entry to computer

systems.

Hackers can do an enormous amount of damage

Stand-alone computers are usually safe

Computers which form part of networks are in danger

from hackers.

GCSE ICT – Hacking

Hacking (continued)

Many hackers may or may not have no fraudulent intent

Often carried out by corrupt employees or employees with a grudge

The extent of hacking is difficult to assess, much of it is only discovered by accident.

GCSE ICT – Hacking

Tasks:

Complete ‘hackers and viruses’ handout

Continue your own investigations into viruses, security & hacking on the Internet

– www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ict/

– http://computer.howstuffworks.com/virus.htm

– http://www.edexcel.org.uk/VirtualContent/50320/3e_Legislation.pdf

– http://www.teach-ict.com/gcse/theory/crime/hacking/www.cnn.com/TECH/specials/hackers/primer/index.html

– http://www.school-resources.co.uk/hackers_for_schoolresourcescouk.htm

– http://www.teach-ict.com/gcse/theory/crime/hacking/hacking/index.htm

Make any additional notes.

GCSE ICT