GCSE Core ScienceHuman Biology PATHOGEN, BACTERIA, VIRUS, TOXIN, INFECTIOUS

GCSE Core Science Human Biology

PATHOGEN, PATHOGEN, BACTERIA, VIRUS, BACTERIA, VIRUS, TOXIN, INFECTIOUSTOXIN, INFECTIOUS

GCSE Core Science Human BiologyObjectives

By the end of the lesson I:

•Know a PATHOGEN is a micro-organism that causes an infectious disease

•Know pathogens reproduce before they make enough toxins to make you feel ill

•Know what Semmelweiss discovered about the transfer of infection (Grade C)

• Know why it took so long for his ideas to be accepted

(Grade A)

•Know how to use aseptic technique

GCSE Core Science Human BiologyStarter

What effect does isotonic

drinks have on your body?

AQA

Digilist

Human Biology

B1a.3 Recovering Rates and B1a.6 High Energy Drinks


Are worldwide and range from the common cold to influenza and ebola. It is caused by a micro-organism that enters and attacks your body. People can easily transmit the pathogen from one person to the next.

Bacteria and virus cause disease once in your body. Bacteria split into two and produce toxins (poisons) that affect your body, sometimes directly damaging your cells.

Virus rarely produce toxins. Instead they damage or destroy your cells as they take them over to reproduce.


1. High temperature

2. Headache

3. Rash

Symptoms are produced;

• As an affect of the toxins in your body

• A reaction of your body to respond to the damage/toxin


We are going to grow some yeast…..

AND THEN KILL IT!AND THEN KILL IT!

1. Using ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE infect a petri dish with a yeast solution.

2. Wait for the solution to slightly dry (perhaps 1hour)

3. Place a full drop of antiseptic onto the centre of the agar plate.

4. Incubate for 24-48hours.

WHAT ARE YOU TRYING TO FIND OUT? WHAT ARE YOU TRYING TO FIND OUT?

WHAT DO YOU EXPECT TO FIND OUT?WHAT DO YOU EXPECT TO FIND OUT?

How do we effect change?

I know HOW TO USE ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE


I know a PATHOGEN is a micro-organism that causes an infectious disease and that pathogens reproduce before they make enough toxins to make you

feel ill



feel ill

BACTERIA- single celled organisms

VIRUS

50 times bigger 50 times smaller

Can be seen by an ordinary light microscope

Cannot be seen by an ordinary light

microscope. Can be seen by an electron microscope.

Reproduces by dividing in two Reproduces by taking over and using the

reproductive structures of another cell.

Can be killed buy antibiotics because it kills or inhibits the bacteria’s ability to divide and

reproduce

Cannot be killed by antibiotics



feel ill

Cell membrane

Slime capsule

Cell wall

Cytoplasm

Genetic material

The structure of bacteria

GCSE Core Science Human BiologyTypes of bacteria


feel ill



feel ill

The structure of virus

Protein coat

Genetic material


I know what Semmelweiss discovered about the transfer of infection (Grade C) and why it took so long for his ideas to be accepted (Grade A)

Ignaz Semmelweiss Ignaz Semmelweiss did nothing but complain!did nothing but complain!


I know what Semmelweiss discovered about the transfer of infection (Grade C) and why it took so long for his ideas to be accepted (Grade A)

A Semmelweiss died in 1865.

BHis friend Dr Jakob Kolletschka cut himself while dissecting a dead body and died of

the same symptoms as ‘child bed fever’

CIn hospitals where doctors took his advice, death rates from ‘child bed fever’ fell

quickly.

D In the 1870s Robert Koch proved that bacteria can cause disease.

ESemmelweiss realised that the medical students were dissecting dead bodies on the

same day they were working in the labour ward. The student midwives never dissected dead bodies.

FSemmelweiss reported his findings to other doctors but he could not prove why hand

washing worked because scientists knew little about bacteria and had not proved that they caused disease.

GToday, Semmelweiss is widely considered to be the father of infection control. One

of the main ways we prevent the spread of MRSA is proper hand washing.

HIn the 1840s a Hungarian doctor, Ignaz Semmelweiss, noticed that women in the

labour ward staffed by medical students were much more likely to die of ‘child bed fever’ than those in the labour ward staffed by student midwives.

ISemmelweiss ordered his students to wash their hands in an antiseptic solution.

Unfortunately the solution damaged their skin.

J In hospitals where doctors did not agree, death rates stayed high.


GCSE Core Science Human BiologyObjectives

By the end of the lesson I:

•Know a PATHOGEN is a micro-organism that causes an infectious disease

•Know pathogens reproduce before they make enough toxins to make you feel ill

•Know what Semmelweiss discovered about the transfer of infection (Grade C)

• Know why it took so long for his ideas to be accepted

(Grade A)

•Know how to use aseptic technique

Documents

GCSE Core ScienceHuman Biology PATHOGEN, BACTERIA, VIRUS, TOXIN, INFECTIOUS