GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

Key words; cement, concrete, glass

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

Learning Objectives:

By the end of the lesson I can: • Describe how cement is made and what is used to Describe how cement is made and what is used to make itmake it

••Describe how glass is made.Describe how glass is made.

• Identify that Limestone and its products have Identify that Limestone and its products have many uses, including slaked lime, mortar, cement, many uses, including slaked lime, mortar, cement, concrete and glass.concrete and glass.

• • Evaluate the developments in using limestone, Evaluate the developments in using limestone, cement, concrete and glass as building materials, cement, concrete and glass as building materials, and their advantages and disadvantages over other and their advantages and disadvantages over other materials.materials.

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

Cement Cement is made by strongly heating a mixture of limestone & clay before turning it into powder. Opaque, Hard.ConcreteConcrete is made by mixing cement with sand, stones or crushed rock (gravel) & water. This can be poured into moulds or spread out before it sets to produce different shapes. It can be reinforced by pouring it around steel. Opaque, HardGlass

Glass can be made by from limestone, sand and sodium carbonate (Soda). Transparent, translucent, brittle, hard, semi-solidMortarMortar made with cement & sand is stronger & sets faster than lime mortar. It sets under water or in rain.

If you were to draw up a If you were to draw up a table to explain the table to explain the differences in these differences in these

substances, substances, what headings would what headings would

you use?you use?

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

Making concrete

Aim: To make concrete of different strengths

Equipment • ????

Method 1. ?????

In your groups decide on 3 strengths of concrete to make and then be tested using weights when dry. You will need to predict which will be stronger and why and explain how you plan on testing the strength

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

THINK:

about life without limestone productsWhich product would you miss the most. Why?

PAIR:

Your thoughts with your partner

SHARE:

Share your thoughts with the class…

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

TRUE or FALSE

1. Lime mortar can set underwater

2. The roman method for making underwater mortar was used in the seventeenth century

3. Portland cement is a mixture.

4. Recent developments in glass are allowing building innovations.

5. Concrete is poor at resisting forces.

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

Aim: To test the strength of a concrete mixture

Method

Place two stools 5 cm apart and place your first beam over the gap between them (see picture overslide).

a) Using a piece of strong string, hang a 100 g mass holder from the beam.

b) The diagram below gives some idea of how the set-up should look.

c) The mass holder should be close to the floor and if possible have some newspapers under it so that when it drops it does not damage the floor!

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

1. Gradually add 100 g masses at a time to the mass holder until the beam snaps.

2. Make up a results table and record your results in the table. Remember 100 g is equivalent to a 1N force!

3. Repeat 1–5 with the other moulds.

GCSE Core Chemistry

Exam tip; Be able to explain the difference between CEMENT, CONCRETE and MORTAR

Learning Objectives:

By the end of the lesson I can: • Describe how cement is made and what is used to Describe how cement is made and what is used to make itmake it

••Describe how glass is made.Describe how glass is made.

• Identify that Limestone and its products have Identify that Limestone and its products have many uses, including slaked lime, mortar, cement, many uses, including slaked lime, mortar, cement, concrete and glass.concrete and glass.

• • Evaluate the developments in using limestone, Evaluate the developments in using limestone, cement, concrete and glass as building materials, cement, concrete and glass as building materials, and their advantages and disadvantages over other and their advantages and disadvantages over other materials.materials.