GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESSESJOHNSON COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT

AMBER TERHUNE, RN, BSN, HEALTH EDUCATOR

MARCH 2018

ABOUT GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESSES

MORE THAN 200 MILLION CASES OF GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS IN US PER YEAR

CAUSED BY:

• People

• Animals

• Food

• Water

Syedjuned. Food Poisoning with Some Harmful Food Items, 27 Jan. 2015. https://syedjuned.wordpress.com/2015/01/27/food-poisoning-with-some-harmfull-food-items/

HIGH RISK

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HOW THEY ARE SPREAD

Walker, Jim. Cruise Law News. Cruise Ship

Norovirus- Something in the Water? 29 Jun. 2010.

http://www.cruiselawnews.com/tags/sickness/

• Not washing hands well

• Contaminated surfaces

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COMMON INFECTIONS

Campylobacteriosis Cryptosporidiosis Escherichia coli Giardiasis Hepatitis A

Norovirus Rotavirus Salmonellosis Shigellosis

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CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

About14 cases/100,000 people diagnosed per year in US

• Incubation 2-5 days

• Recovery about 7 days

• Complications:

• Dehydration

• Irritable bowel syndrome

• Arthritis

• Guillain-Barre syndromeGrunebaum, MD, Amos. Baby Med. Campylobacter, n.d.

https://www.babymed.com/campylobacter-infection-during-pregnancy

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CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS

Herriman, Robert. Outbreak News Today. Ohio: Cryptosporidium Outbreaks Tops 800 Cases, 28 Sep.

2016. http://outbreaknewstoday.com/ohio-cryptosporidium-outbreak-tops-800-cases-43746/

Estimated 748,000 cases per year in US

• Incubation about 7 days

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• Recovery 1-2 weeks

ESCHERICHIA COLI

Finkel, Cailyn. Faith Tap. Make Everyone Take Off Their Shoes Before Entering Your House, Here’s Why,

12 Feb. 2016. http://www.faithtap.com/5757/stop-the-spread-of-sickness-by-leaving-shoes-outside/

About 265,000 STEC infection

per year in US

• Incubation 3-4 days

• Recovery 5-7 days

• Complications:

• Dehydration

• Hemolytic uremic syndrome

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GIARDIASIS

Estimated 1.2 million

cases per year in US

• Incubation 1-3 weeks

• Recovery 2-6 weeks

• Complication:

• Dehydration

Leremy. Getty Images. Indigestion Problem Stick Figure Pictogram

Icons-Illustration, 5 Jul. 2015.

https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/indigestion-symptoms-

problem-stick-figure-pictogram-icons-gm479787532-68104929

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HEPATITIS A

Find a Top Doc. Hepatitis A, n.d. https://www.findatopdoc.com/Medical-

Library/Diseases-and-Conditions/Hepatitis-A

About 2800 cases in 2015 in US

• Incubation 28-30 days

• Recovery within 2 months

• Complications:

• Hospitalization

• Death is rare

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NOROVIRUS

19-21 million cases per year in US

• Incubation 1-2 days

• Recovery 1-2 days

Cartoon Dealer. Norovirus, n.d. https://cartoondealer.com/illustrations/pg1/norovirus.html

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• Complication:

• Dehydration

ROTAVIRUS

Vaccine decreased diarrhea related ER

visits by 40,000-60,000 per year in US

• Incubation 2 days

• Recovery within 8 days

Pinterest. Pediatric, n.d.

https://www.pinterest.com/caitlinkelley75/pediatric/

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SALMONELLOSIS

Theophilus Makama, Funom. Hub Pages. Salmonella Infections With An Overview On Typhoid

Fever, Its Epidemiology and Pathogenesis, 22 Mar. 2014. https://hubpages.com/health/Salmonella-

Infections-With-An-Overview-On-Typhoid-Fever-Its-Epidemiology-And-Pathogenesis

1.2 million illnesses per year in US

• Incubation 1-3 days

• Recovery 4-7 days

• Complications:

• Dehydration

• Reactive arthritis

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SHIGELLOSIS

Causes 500,000 diarrhea cases

per year in US

• Incubation 2-3 days

• Recovery 5-7 days

• Complications:

• Dehydration

• Reactive arthritis

• Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Food Safety Training. E. Coli More Commonly Linked to Flour, n.d.

http://foodsafetytrainingcourses.com/blog/articles/food-safety-news/e-coli-more-commonly-linked-to-flour/

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DIAGNOSING GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESSES

Health Essentials. Could a Blood Test Someday Diagnose Lung

Cancer? 12 Nov. 2014. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/could-

a-blood-test-someday-diagnose-lung-cancer/

Johny Fit. Abdominal Pain and Diarrhea, n.d. http://www.johnyfit.com/abdominal-pain-and-diarrhea/

Pinterest. Explore Nurse Humor, Medical Humor, and More!

n.d. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/102597697735515914/

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WHEN TO CALL THE DOCTOR

• Diarrhea more than 2 days

• Diarrhea with high fever

• Bloody or black stools

• Diarrhea after recent travel

• Yellowing of skin or eyes

• Signs of dehydration

I Am Living It. Trekking Basics: How to Overcome Dehydration

in Cold Weather, n.d. https://www.iamlivingit.com/hiking/cold-

weather-dehydration

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PREVENTING GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESSES

WikiHow. How to Prevent a Campylobacter Infection, n.d.

https://www.wikihow.com/Prevent-a-Campylobacter-Infection

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REFERENCES

Biomérieux Diagnostics. “Gastrointestinal Infections.” Biomérieux-diagnostics.com, n.d.

http://www.biomerieux-diagnostics.com/gastrointestinal-infections. Accessed 23 Mar. 2018.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “About Enteric Zoonotic Diseases.” CDC.gov, 1 Jun. 2017.

https://www.cdc.gov/zoonotic/gi/about.html. Accessed 23 Mar. 2018.

Indiana State Department of Health. “Diseases and Conditions Resource Page.” ISDH.IN.gov, 26 Sep.

2016. http://www.in.gov/isdh/20209.htm#e. Accessed 23 Mar. 2018.

Mayo Clinic. “Diarrhea.” MayoClinic.org, 25 Oct. 2016. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-

conditions/diarrhea/symptoms-causes/syc-20352241. Accessed 23 Mar. 2018.

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