IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 5, Issue 01, 2017 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

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Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame

G Pruthvi Raju1 P. Satyakrishna2 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering

1,2MLRIT&M, Dundigal, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract— This paper describes weight reduction of bike

frame (Trellis Frame) by ANSYS 17 Workbench software.

The objectives of this paper are to develop structural

modelling, using finite element analyze and the optimization

of the bike frame for robust design. The structure of bike

frame was modelled in CATIA V5 R19 software and

analysis was performed using ANSYS17 Workbench

software. Static analysis was carried out for finding the

stresses/strain results. Shape optimization technique is used

for performing optimization cause measurable reduction in

weight of bike frame. By the FEA analysis results, the bike

frame is suggested to be remodeled based on the Shape

optimization results. The optimized bike frame is lighter and

predicted low maximum stress compare to initial design.

Key words: CATIA V5 R19, Ansys17, Trellis frame, Bike

frame, Static stress analysis, modelling

I. MODELING OF A BIKE FRAME

A. Geometry of the bike frame:

Fig. 1:

B. Modeling Procedure

Fig. 2:

Fig. 3:

Fig. 4:

Fig. 5:

Fig. 6:

Fig. 7:

Fig. 8:

Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame

(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)

All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1312

Fig. 9:

Fig. 10:

Fig. 11:

Fig. 12:

Fig. 13:

Fig. 14:

Modeling of bike frame using CATIA V5 R19 software

utilized work benches are Part Design, Sketcher, Wire

Frame and Surface Design, Drafting, Generative Shape

Design.

II. COPARISOPN OF MATERIALS PROPERTIES

A. Structural Steel

Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3

Coefficient of Thermal

Expansion 1.2e-005 C^-1

Specific Heat 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-1

Thermal Conductivity 6.05e-002 W mm^-1 C^-1

Resistivity 1.7e-004 ohm mm

Table 1: Structural Steel > Constants

Red Green Blue

132 139 179

Table 2: Structural Steel > Color

Compressive Ultimate

Strength MPa

0

Table 3: Structural Steel > Compressive Ultimate Strength

Compressive Yield Strength MPa

250

Table 4: Structural Steel > Compressive Yield Strength

Tensile Yield Strength MPa

250

Table 5: Structural Steel > Tensile Yield Strength

Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa

460

Table 6: Structural Steel > Tensile Ultimate Strength

Zero-Thermal-Strain Reference Temperature C

22

Table 7: Structural Steel > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of

Thermal Expansion

Alternating Stress MPa Cycles Mean Stress MPa

3999 10 0

2827 20 0

1896 50 0

1413 100 0

1069 200 0

441 2000 0

262 10000 0

214 20000 0

138 1.e+005 0

114 2.e+005 0

86.2 1.e+006 0

Table 8: Structural Steel > Alternating Stress Mean Stress

Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame

(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)

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Strengt

h

Coeffic

ient

MPa

Streng

th

Expon

ent

Ductilit

y

Coeffic

ient

Ductil

ity

Expon

ent

Cyclic

Strengt

h

Coeffic

ient

MPa

Cyclic

Strain

Harde

ning

Expon

ent

920 -0.106 0.213 -0.47 1000 0.2

Table 9: Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters

Temperatur

e C

Young's

Modulu

s MPa

Poisson'

s Ratio

Bulk

Modulus

MPa

Shear

Modulu

s MPa

2.e+005 0.3

1.6667e+00

5 76923

Table 10: Structural Steel > Isotropic Elasticity

Relative Permeability

10000

Table 11: Structural Steel > Isotropic Relative Permeability

B. Aluminum Alloy

Density 2.77e-006 kg mm^-3

Coefficient of Thermal

Expansion

2.3e-005 C^-1

Specific Heat 8.75e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-

1

Table 12: Aluminum Alloy > Constants

Red Green Blue

138 104 46

Table 13: Aluminum Alloy > Color

Compressive Ultimate Strength MPa

0

Table 14: Aluminum Alloy > Compressive Ultimate

Strength

Compressive Yield Strength MPa

280

Table 15: Aluminum Alloy > Compressive Yield Strength

Tensile Yield Strength MPa

280

Table 16: Aluminum Alloy > Tensile Yield Strength

Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa

310

Table 17: aluminum Alloy > Tensile Ultimate Strength

Zero-Thermal-Strain Reference Temperature C

22

Table 18: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of

Thermal Expansion

Thermal Conductivity W mm^-1 C^-1 Temperature C

0.114 -100

0.144 0

0.165 100

0.175 200

Table 19: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Thermal

Conductivity

Alternating Stress MPa Cycles R-Ratio

275.8 1700 -1

241.3 5000 -1

206.8 34000 -1

172.4 1.4e+005 -1

137.9 8.e+005 -1

117.2 2.4e+006 -1

89.63 5.5e+007 -1

82.74 1.e+008 -1

170.6 50000 -0.5

139.6 3.5e+005 -0.5

108.6 3.7e+006 -0.5

87.91 1.4e+007 -0.5

77.57 5.e+007 -0.5

72.39 1.e+008 -0.5

144.8 50000 0

120.7 1.9e+005 0

103.4 1.3e+006 0

93.08 4.4e+006 0

86.18 1.2e+007 0

72.39 1.e+008 0

74.12 3.e+005 0.5

70.67 1.5e+006 0.5

66.36 1.2e+007 0.5

62.05 1.e+008 0.5

Table 20: Aluminum Alloy > Alternating Stress R-Ratio

Resistivity ohm mm Temperature C

2.43e-005 0

2.67e-005 20

3.63e-005 100

Table 21: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Resistivity

Temperature

C

Young's

Modulus

MPa

Poisson's

Ratio

Bulk

Modulus

MPa

Shear

Modulus

MPa

71000 0.33 69608 26692

Table 22: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Elasticity

Relative Permeability

1

Table 23: Aluminum Alloy > Isotropic Relative

Permeability

C. Graps

1) Stell

Fig. 15: Model > Static Structural > Force

2) Alluminium Alloy

Fig. 16: Model > Static Structural > Force

Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame

(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)

All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1314

III. STEEL RESULTS

A. Total Deformation:

Fig. 17:

B. Directional Deformation:

Fig. 18:

C. Equivalent Stress

Fig. 19:

D. Equivalent Elastic Strain

Fig. 20:

E. Al alloy frame Results:

1) Total Deformation

Fig. 21:

2) Directional Deformation

Fig. 22:

3) Equivalent Stress

Fig. 23:

4) Equivalent Elastic Strain

Fig. 24:

Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame

(IJSRD/Vol. 5/Issue 01/2017/358)

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F. Results Summary of Steel Frame:

Fig. 25:

Fig. 26:

Fig. 27:

G. Results Summary of Al Alloy Frame:

Fig. 28:

Fig. 29:

Fig. 30:

IV. CONCLUSION

In the present work using the finite element analysis

method and the assistance of ANSYS 17 Workbench

software, static structural analysis has been done and

we conclude following below points.

From the Ansys software we able to analyse bike frame

for Equivalent stresses and strains, total deformation &

directional deformation

In this analysis we tried to simulate real condition by

notice to all of effective forces on bike frame on two

different materials namely Aluminum alloy 6061 &

Structural steel.

From the analysis results we observe the equivalent

stress in aluminum alloy bike frame to be 2.5381 mpa

and steel to be 2.5681mpa

Total deformation in Aluminum alloy alloy to be

0.091107mm and in steel to be 0.032267mm

Equivalent elastic strain in Aluminum alloy to be

4.3651e-5 mm and in steel to be 1.5941e-5mm

According to the results obtained from ansys software,

it can be concluded that the weight of Aluminium alloy

6061 is lighter and maximum stress also predicted when

compare to bike frame with structural steel material.

The results clearly indicate that the new design (bike

frame with aluminum alloy) much lighter and has more

strength than initial design of bike frame (structural

steel). Hence Aluminum alloy is the best replacement

material in place of steel for present generation bike

frames.

Material optimization approach will be considered for

future research.

V. FUTURE SCOPE

Various desired shape frames can produce using

aluminium 6061bike frame.

Due to low weight and high strength to weight ration of

the aluminium alloys, these frames can be used in future

bike frames.

Future bikes RPM can be increased using these frames.

The reports obtained from static analysis is used to

determine future analysis work.

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Design and Structural Analysis of a Motor Bike Frame

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