TABLE 6-1 Dry Matter Intake'Reguirements to Fulfil l N utrlent"AIlowances for Maintenance, Milk Production,. and'Normal Live Weight Gain During Mid- and Late Lactation

Live W t : (kg)

fv 4G0

fi 500 600 — * 700 800

FCM (4 % ) a

(kg) 10 15' 20 25 30 35 „ M

= 40 45 50 55 60

2.7 3.2 3.6

2.4. 2.8 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.2 4.6 5.0 5.4

2.0 2.3 2.6. 2.9

_2JL 3.4 3.6' 1 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.8

1.9 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.3

NOTE: The following assumptions were.made in calculating the DM1 re­quirements shown in Table 6-1:

1. The basic or reference cow used for the calculations weighed 600 kg and produced milk with 4 percent milk fat. Other live weights in the table and cor-responding fat percentages were 400 kg and 5 percent fat; 500 kg and 4.5 per­cent fat; and 700 and 800 kg and 3.5 percent fat.

2. The concentration of energy in; the diet for the reference cow was 1.42 Mcal of NEL/kg of D M for milk yields equal to or less than IO1 kg/day. It in-créased linearly to 1.72 Mcal of NEL/kg for milk yields equal to or greater than 40 kg/day.

3. The energy concentrations of the diets for ali other cows were assumed to change linearly as their energy requirements for milk production, relative to maintenance, changed in a manner identica! to that of the 600-kg cow as she increased in milk yield from 10 to 40 kg/day.

4. Enough D M to provide sufficient energy for cows to gain 0.055 percent of their body weight daily was also fncluded in the total. If cows do not consume as much D M as they require, as cal'culated from Table 6-1, their energy intake wi l l be less than their requirements. The result w i l l be a loss of body weight,. reduced milk yields, or both. If cows consume more D M than what is profected às re-quired from Table 6-1, the energy concentration of their diet shouid be reduced .or they may become overly fat.

J "4 %JFat-corrected milk (kg) = (0.4) (kg of milk) + (15) (kg of milk fat). * " W h e pro'baBIeTJMT may~be up to 18 percent less in eariy lactation.

r D M I as a percentage of live weight may be 0.02 percent less per 1 percent increase in diet moisture content above 50 percent if fermented feeds cónstitute a major portion of the diet.

T A B L E Dai iy N utr i cn t Requirements of Lac la t ing and Pregnant Cows

Live Weight (kg)'

Energy \ / TolafX _S Crude |

Minerali;

N E L (Mcal)

ME (Mcal)

DE (Mcal)

TDN (kg)

Vilamins

A D (1,000 1U)

Maiulcuancc »/ Mature LactalinR Cowt? 400 7.16 12.01 13.80' 3.13 318 16 11 30 . 12 450 7.82 13.12 15.08 3.42 341 18 13 34 14 500 8.46 14.20 16.32 3.70 3G4 20 14 38 15 550 9.09 15.25 17.53 3.97 386 22 16 42 17 600 9.70 16.28 ' 18.71 4.24 406 24 17 46 '.. i 8 650 10.30 17.29 19.86 4.51 428 • 26 lì) 49 20 7J30 . .v'iQ.80 • 18.28 21.00 _„4 ,76_ 3 ^ (MI ,..,53 _„ . 2 1 . 750 11.47 ~~ 19.25" """"22.12 5.02 468 "™~ 30 21 ' 57 -, 23*" 800 12.03 20.20 23.21 5.20 486 32 23 61 24

Maintenance Plus Lasi 2 Monllis o[ Gcstalion of Mature Dry Cows1'

400 9.30 15.26 18.23 4.15 890 20 16 30 12 450 10.10 10.66 19.91 4.53 973 30 18 34 14 500 11.00 18.04 21.55 4.90 1,053 33 20 38 15 550 11.81 19.37 23.14 5.27 1,131 36 22 42 17 600 12.61 20.68 24.71 5.62 1,207 39 24 46 18 650 13.39_ 21.96 26.23 5.97 1,281 43 26 49 20 700 .. 23.21 -:2L73 _ 6,31 . 1,355,. _ 46 28 _ 53 21 7 5 0 = ^ 14.90 J>

15.64 24.44 29.21 6.65 1,427 49 30" 57 " " " " " 23"

800 ^ 14.90 J>

15.64 25.06 30.65 6.98 1,497 53 32 01 24 Milk Production—Nutrienti Ag ojMilk oj Dijjerenl Fai Percenlagcs

(Fat %) 3.0 0764 1.07 — 1.23 0.280 3 .5— -0.69 1.15 .. 1.33 0.301

,(To-, T-Ch 1.24 1.42 0.322 4^ ' ' 0.78 1.32 1.51' • 0.343 5.0 0.S3 . 1.40 1.61 0.364 5.5 0.88 1.48 1.70 0.385

Weight loss Weight gain

•4.92 5.12

Live Weighl_Cl\angcDuring Laclalion—NulricnJs/k ^320 •8.25

8.55 -9.55

9.96

N O T E : The following abbrcviaUor-.s were used: N E L , net ciicrgy for lactalion; M E , mclabolizable energy; D E , digcstiblc energy; T D N , lolal digesti

nutrienti.

"To allow for growtli of young laclaling cows, incrcasc ihc maintenance altowanccs tot ali nutrienti except vilamins A and D by 20 percent durmg first lactation and 10 pcrccnl during the sccoud laclalion.

''Values for calcium assume that the cow is in calcinili balancc al ibi: beginning or Ilio tasi 2 uionllis of gestalion. If the cow is noi in balance, ibcn calcium rccmircmcnt can bc increased from 25 lo 33 percent.

r No allowance is made for mobilizcd calcium and phosphorus associaled with live weight loss or willi live weiglil gain. The maximum daily nitro availablc from weight los: is assumed lo bc 30 g or 234 g of crude prolein.

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