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Fusion of Art & Science
w w w . H u n t e r C o l e . o r g
Hunter ColeArtist & Scientist
Loyola University Chicago
BlueSelf-Portrait
2001Media:
digital print, neon andplexiglass
The background in "Blue" is the microscopic image of a developing wing of a butterfly provided by Biotechniques,
Eaton Publishing and Dr. Paddock.
ContagiousBeauty
2001
The Creation of Organs: Stem Cell Research, 2001
Madonna con Clon, 2001
Mother Tiktaalik2009
From Ape to Woman2010
From Ape to Woman2010
Exploring Molecular Worlds, 1999(mixed media: paint on plexiglass and
x-ray films detecting DNA, RNA and protein)
Exploring Molecular Worlds, 1999, detail
Rosalind FranklinMaurice WilkinsJames Watsonand
Francis Crick
The Discovery of DNA
copyright ©2000 The Chemical Heritage Foundation
copyright ©2000The Chemical Heritage Foundation
Rosalind Franklin
The first X-ray photograph of crystalline DNA in 1952.Source: http://www.genomicart.org/offerings.htm
Rosalind Franklinand the Discovery of
DNA Structure2002
(digital)
Randolfe WickerThe first human cloning activist
Let My Family Live!Portrait of Randolfe Wicker, the First Human Cloning Activist, 2001 (Digital)
Anthrax Clock, 2002
A Few Cells Create a Kidney and a New Life:Portrait of Shauna Anderson, 2002
Human Dog Spine
Media:dog spine, neonand plexiglass
2001
Hunter Cole andElectric Eye Neon
The Art of Death: Viruses Are Beautiful!, 2001Hunter Cole and Electric Eye Neon
Hunter Cole and Electric Eye NeonThe System Forgets Scientists Are Only Human:Laboratory Installation, 2001-2002
ART = Aerosol Resistant TipsHunter Cole and Electric Eye Neon
Fralin Biotechnology Center at Virginia Tech
DNA visualized in anEthidium Bromide
stained gelusing a
UV transilluminator
Hunter Cole and Electric Eye NeonThe System Forgets Scientists Are Only Human:Laboratory Installation, 2001-2002
DNA running through an agarose gelDNA visualized with UV light.
www.RadioactiveBiohazard.com
Hunter Cole
Discussion withPeter McLeish
on Art and ScienceJuly 18, 2003
Dialogue betweenScience and Art Workshopin Hluboka, Czech Republic
Hunter Cole
Workshop title: “Does genetic engineering act as
an accelerator of evolution? United principles of life and
artistic perception”July 2003
Dialogue between Science and Art Workshop in
Hluboka, Czech RepublicLecturer: Ondrej Scheinhost
Hunter Cole
Colloquium title: “Amphioxus, evolution,
and development, or why the chick, fish, fly, frog, mouse, and nematode
aren't enough”
October 20, 2003UW-Milwaukee
Lecturer: Linda Holland, Scripps Institution of Oceanography
chemiluminescence -light produced by a chemical reaction without the involvement of heat or flame, “cool light”
bioluminescence -the emission of visible light caused by catalytic chemical reactions in certain organisms, such as glowworms, fireflies, jellyfish, and some fungi; chemiluminescent reactions that occur in living organisms are called bioluminescent reactionsSources: http://www.academicpress.com/inscight/03111999/biolumi1.htmhttp://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/HOMEEXPTS/Chemilum.html
Bioluminescence is not “fluorescence” or “phosphorescence,” although these terms are often mistakenly used todescribe it.
Fluorescence and phosphorescence both involve absorbance of lightenergy followed by re-emission oflight energy at a longer wavelength.
What all bioluminescence has in common:
Luciferin: The light-emitting molecule
Luciferase: The enzyme that catalyzesthe energy transfer
Oxygen: participates in the reaction
What types of organisms are bioluminescent?
BacteriaDinoflagellatesRadiolarians
FungiAnimals
Bacteria
Bacteria constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.Typically a few micrometres in
length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals.
Dinoflagellates
The dinoflagellates are a large group of flagellate protists that constitute the phylum Dinoflagellata. Most are marine, but they are
common in fresh water habitats as well.
This unique bay contains up to 720,000 non-toxic dinoflagellates per gallon of bay water. Each flash a strobe of bluish light when agitated at night and can
create enought light to read a book from.
www.biobay.com
Bioluminescent Bay inVieques Island, Puerto Rico
www.biobay.com
Bioluminescent Bay inVieques Island, Puerto Rico
Radiolarians
The Radiolaria are protozoa of that produce intricate mineral skeletons, typically with a central capsule dividing the cell into the inner and outer portions.
Fungi
A fungus is any member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes
microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
Animals
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia. Their body plan eventually
becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their
lives.
Bioluminescence is found in at leastten phyla of animals:-Cnidaria (jellyfish, etc.)-Ctenophora (comb jellies)-Nemertea (ribbon worms)-Nematoda (roundworms)-Annelida (segmented worms)-Chaetognaths (arrow worms)-Arthropoda (shrimp, copepods, etc.)-Molluska (snails, slugs, squid, etc.)-Echinodermata (sea cucumbers,
brittle stars, etc.)-Chordata (many fish, and at least
three tunicates)
Angler fishLinophrynecoronata
From Widder, 2010
OctopusStauoteuthis
sytensis
From Widder, 2010
TunicatePyrosomaatlanticum
From Widder, 2010
Light organs range in complexity fromsimple single cells to elaborate
multicellular structures that modulateintensity, color, and directionality of light.
What is bioluminescenceused for?
Defense (predator evasion):
-startle predator
-decoy
-illuminate predator (“burglaralarm”)
-camouflage (counterillumination)
Offense:
-Lure prey (example: deep seaangler fish)
-Illuminate prey (examples: flashlight fish, pineconefish, possibly dragonfish)
Communication:
-Mating (examples: ostracods, syllid polychaete worms)
-Territoriality (example: flashlightfish)
Where is marine bioluminescence found?
Coastal and surface waters:-about 10% of organisms
Midwater (~200-1200 meters):-about 90% of organisms
Deep water (>1200 meters):-about 10% of organisms
Most marine bioluminescence is notfound in the deepest, darkest regions of the ocean, but rather in the dimly
lit midwater regions.
This gives us a clue as to its most prevalent use.
The position of most light organsgives us another clue.
Most midwater organisms have ventral light organs, thus illuminating
their undersides.
Of all the uses of marine bioluminescence,camouflage by counterillumination is
thought to be the most prevalent.
It has been shown experimentally thatcounterilluminating marine organisms
can adjust the intensity of theirbioluminescence to match the intensity
of the downwelling light.
Most marine bioluminescence is blue.
Why?
Because in order for bioluminescence to be advantageous, it must be seen.
Surface light
Light at 400 meters
Water absorbs light
What we see
What most midwaterfish see
Most midwater fish see only blue light
Some marine bioluminescence is not blue.Examples:
-The jellyfish Aequorea emits green light.
- At least one type of bacterium emits yellow light.
- A type of dragonfish emits bothblue and red light.
The red-emitting dragonfish is an interesting exception to the “rule”of blue visual sensitivity in midwaterfish.
The dragon fish can see both blue and red.
What we see
What dragonfish see
What most midwaterfish see
This gives the dragonfish a “privatewavelength” that other fish can’t see.
Possible uses:
-Predation. Illumination of prey without alerting them.
-Communication with other dragonfish.
Drawings Createdwith
Bioluminescent Bacteria
Living Drawings
Viewing DNA Under the Moonlightbioluminescent bacteria, agar and Petri dishes, 2003
Rabbit, 2005
Mother, 2005
Her Own DNA, 2005
Her Own DNA, 2005
Her Own DNA, 2005
L I V I N G D R A W I N G SCREATED WITH BIOLUMINESCENT BACTERIA
MOVIE
Bioluminescence mp3Duration: 9 min. 42 sec.
soundLAB VII: soundCELEBRATION
10th anniversary of [NewMediaArtProjectNetwork]:||cologne
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Biology through Art CourseStudent Bioluminescent Bacterial Drawing
Photography by theLight of Bioluminescent Bacteria
Living Light
The Cave, 2010
The Cave, 2010
Body, 2010
The Entomologist, 2010
Vesna Jovanovic
Dan Wallace
Peter Gray
Peter N. GrayArtist & Scientist
Metal-i-Genics Studio
“Point Mutation”steel and African Red Granite
2007Size: 9'H x 48"W x 36"D
Location: MYMA Sculpture CenterMissouri Valley, Iowa
http://www.metal-i-genics.com/
Peter Gray
MK MeadorStephanie Burke
Hands, 2010
Photography by theLight of Bioluminescent Bacteria
Bioluminescent Weddings
Angel Bride, 2014
Bed of Roses: Two Women Getting Married, 2014
Wedding Circle : Two Women Getting Married, 2014
Two Beams of Light : Two Women Getting Married, 2014
Experimentsin Bioluminescent Bacteria Art
Outdoor Bioluminescent Bacteria Installation
Making a Bioluminescent Leaf
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