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fusion mobility – future is now
1
ManfredNeun
Fusion Mobility: Linking cycling to new technologies Scientist for Cycling Sessions at Velo-city 2018 Rio de Janeiro – Friday, 15 June, 11.40 am – 12.40 pm
surprises CONTENT
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future technologieshuman
PaperintheS4Cproceedings!
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future technologieshuman
Content:1. Introduction2. Opportunities3. Methodologicalsetting4. BuildingBlocksforFusionMobility5. FusionMobilityPerspectives6. ConclusionsNeun,M.2018.“FusionMobility–DiscoveringtheMobility-DNAofInclusiveCities”.PaperdeliveredtoScientistforCyclingSessionsatVelo-city2018,RiodeJaneiro.Neun,M.2018.“FusionMobility– Linkingcyclingtonewtechnologies”.PresentationatScientistforCyclingSessionsatVelo-city2018RiodeJaneiro–Friday,15June,2018.
scale + CONTENT
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future technologieshuman
inclusion social
Content:1. Introduction2. Opportunities3. Methodologicalsetting4. BuildingBlocksforFusionMobility5. FusionMobilityPerspectives6. Conclusions
scale + PRE
-REM
ARK
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future technologieshuman
inclusion social
Fusion Mobility is an Active Mobility based systemicapproachforfuturemultimodalityandinclusivecities.Future Mobility thus is not intended to reducecomplexity, but to respect complexity and systemicinteractions.
FusionMobilitywasintroducedanddiscussedthefirsttimeatthe8thTravelDemandManagementSymposiumatNTUTaipei,September27,2017
Fusion–“theprocessorresultofjoiningtwoormorethingstogethertoformasingleentity”.
‘OxfordDictionaries’–FusionDefinition,https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/fusion
activemobility
61 building block 1
mobility
71
active
mobility
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active
ActiveMobilityHybridE-Mobility
PassiveMobility
prioritising?active mobility
91
active mobility agenda
AM
101
Environment+Climate Economy SocialBenefits
Energy+Resources
Technology+Design Mobility
Health Time+Space Diversityofcultures
active
AM
111
PrioritizingActiveMobility(AM)?1. Integrated,seamlesstransportworksbetter2. Reducingexternalcostsascongestionetc.3. Strikingoverallsocio-economicbenefits
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
CEmobility
• Neun,M.andHaubold,H.2016.‘TheEUCyclingEconomy–Argumentsforanintegratedcyclingpolicy’.ECF(eds),Brussels,6December2016.
• Andrade,V.andRodrigues,J.M.2018.AEconomiadaBicicleanoBrasil.LABMOB(UFRI),RiodeJaneiro.http://economiadabicicleta.org.br/ 11
Economicbenefitsoncycling–S4CsessionsatVelo-city2018,RiodeJaneiro.
active
AM
121
PrioritizingActiveMobility(AM):1. Integrated,seamlesstransportworksbetter2. Reducingexternalcostsascongestionetc.3. Strikingoverallsocio-economicbenefits
4. SDGcontributionsofActiveMobility5. Ahumanneed–ahumanright+scale
6. DemonstratingthepositiveimpactofAM1Citiesforpeopleareonthiswayahead–prioritizingActiveMobility.
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
CEmobility
1Held,M.,Schindler,J.andLitmann,T.2015.‘CyclingandActiveMobility–EstablishingaThirdPillarofTransportPolicy’,in:Gerike,R.andParkin,J.(Eds.):‘CyclingFuturesBurlington(US),2015),pp.209-225 12
active AM
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TAK
EAW
AY
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building block 1
mobility
TakeAway1–PriorityforActiveMobilityTherearemanygoodreasonsandevidencebehindprioritisingAM;andAM,andinparticularcycling,contributesgreatlytotheUNSDGs(14of17GlobalGoals),outlinedinparticularbytheActiveMobilityAgenda.
public space
142
building block 2
building block 2public space
152
public space
162
building block 2
?
building block 2public space
172
From Sydney, Australia – Photo credit: https://www.pps.org/reference/phototips/
building block 2public space
182
Sign at the Como Lake, Italy – Photo credit: M. Neun, 2018.
public space
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DemocratizingPublicSpace:1. Accessforall2. Citiesforpeoplestartshere3. Reallocationofararepublicresource
4. EnablingAMfirst–liveabilityandqualityoflife!*
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
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*Gehl,J.1971.LifeBetweenBuildings.DanishArchitecturePress,distributedbyIslandPress.GehlJ.2010.‘CitiesforPeople’.IslandPress:London,Covelo,Washington
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public space
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DemocratizingPublicSpace:1. Accessforall2. Citiesforpeople3. Reallocationofararepublicresource
4. EnablingAMfirst–liveabilityandqualityoflife!
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
CE
JanGehlandManfredNeunsigningthePUMACharteronActiveMobilityaswitnessesinGdansk,Oct8;2010.
20
public space
212
DemocratizingPublicSpace(PS):1. Accessforall2. Citiesforpeople3. Reallocationofararepublicresource
4. EnablingAMfirst–liveabilityandqualityoflife!15. Citiesareinherentlyevolutionary,inconstanttrans-
formation–diversityofPSisabasiccharacter.26. ReorganizingPublicTransportandcombinedmobility
servicesfor‘QualityofLife’inallAMzones.3
Citiesforpeopleareonthiswayahead–bydemocratizingPublicSpace.
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
CE
1Gehl,J.1971.LifeBetweenBuildings.+2010.‘CitiesforPeople’.2Lehmann,S.:‘Lowcarboncities:morethanjustbuildings’.Introductionto:Lehman,S.(eds.)2015.‘LowCarbonCities–TransformingUrbanSystems’.(Routledge,London2015),pp.1-553‘TheUITPPolicyBrief‘Ensuringoptimumaccessibilityofpedestrianzones’,UITPPolicyBrief12-12-2017,http://www.uitp.org/news/ensuring-optimum-accessibility-pedestrian-zones 21
hierarchytheEcoMobility
3
building block 3
22Phototopleft:ShiaLaBeoufandhisgirlfriendKarolynPhoattheVenturaBoulevardinLosAngeles
http://www.iodonna.it/bellezza/news/2013/star-bicicletta-salute-fitness-401430177997_22.shtml#center
hierarchytheEcoMobility
3
building block 3
23Phototopleft:ShiaLaBeoufandhisgirlfriendKarolynPhoattheVenturaBoulevardinLosAngeles
http://www.iodonna.it/bellezza/news/2013/star-bicicletta-salute-fitness-401430177997_22.shtml#center
?
hierarchytheEcoMobility
3
building block 3
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hierarchytheEcoMobility
3
building block 3
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hierarchytheEcoMobility
3
building block 3
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the Eco
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TheEcoMobilityhierarchy:“EcoMobilitymeanssubsidiarity inurbanmobilityandtransport.It presents a bottom-up approach to setting a priority order forthe individual choice of transport modes as well as for urbanplanningandinvestment”.1ThecurrentEcoMobilityhierarchy:1. Walking2. Cyclingandwheeling(travellingstrollers,trolleys,etc.)3. 'Passenging'(usingpublictransport)4. Car-sharing(includingridesharing,hailingetc.)5. IndividualmotorizedtransportAM-citiesaretakingtheseaspectsintoaccount–byfollowingtheEcoMobilityhierarchy.21‘TheUrbanIdea2017:EcoMobilitydefinition–asintroducedbyICLEI2017’,update;http://www.theurbanidea.com/EcoMobility.html2ICLEI2017.‘TheKaohsiungStrategiesfortheFutureofUrbanMobility.’Adoptedat4OctattheThirdEcoMobilityWorldFestivalandEcoMobilityWorldCongress2017,Kaohsiung;http://www.ecomobilityfestival.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Kaohsiung-Strategies_Final_2017-10-06.pdf 27
Mobility hierarchy
Description
the Eco
283
TheEcoMobilityhierarchyAsexplainedinthe‚ReversePyramid‘1:
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Mobility hierarchy
1Examplefrom:https://ciudadesquecaminan.wordpress.com/2013/01/08/que-haces-cuando-dejas-la-bici-caminar/2017’
Description
the Eco
293
TheEcoMobilityhierarchyEcoMobilitymeansisnotonlyanapprovedbest-practicetool,butalsosupportedonevidencefromEcoMobilityTODandTDM.TOD (“Transit Oriented Development) as it is an establishedapproach in urban development that optimizes urbanconcentration to walkable distances to public transport (PT).Furthermore it highly depends on PT-logistical and AM-infrastructuredevelopment.WealsoseehereahighTOD-internaldevelopmentandanincreasingdiversityofapproaches.
TDM (“Travel Demand Management”) as developed withstrategies that result in more efficient use of transportationresourcesalsohasgreatpromiseintheuseofITS.1
1‘TheUrbanIdea2017:EcoMobilitydefinition–asintroducedbyICLEI2017’,update;http://www.theurbanidea.com/EcoMobility.html2ICLEI2017.‘TheKaohsiungStrategiesfortheFutureofUrbanMobility.’Adoptedat4OctoberattheThirdEcoMobilityWorldFestivalandEcoMobilityWorldCongress2017,Kaohsiung 29
Mobility hierarchy
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
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sharedmobility
304 Ride Sharing Initiative – A convenient app for college students to be able to carpool with each other to
destination in an efficient manner – Photo credit: https://devpost.com/software/ride-sharing-tifgvo
building block 4
sharedmobility
314 Ride Sharing Initiative – A convenient app for college students to be able to carpool with each other to
destination in an efficient manner – Photo credit: https://devpost.com/software/ride-sharing-tifgvo
Photo credit: Cycling Today
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sharedcapacities
324 Carsharing
sharedcapacities
334 SUCCESS
sharedsuccesses
434Vice-PresidentofIndia,Shri.MVenkajahNaiduattheWorld
BicycleDay3.06.2018inNewDehli
sharedcapacities
435
Photo credit: http://chinachannel.co/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Slide16-1.jpg
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sharedresponsibities
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Photo credit: https://jumpbikes.com/
UITP/ECF common position paper: https://ecf.com/system/files/
Dockless_bikesharing_position_ECF_UITP_.pdf
shared
pbs
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EnablingSharedMobility:Shared Mobility can be understood mostly as a hybridsolution in between private (active and passive) vehicleownership and public transport; demand driven andtransport capacity building oriented by sharing the vehicle(car,bike,vans,…)ortravel(ridesharing),plussharingcosts.1. Ashiftawayfrompersonallyownedmodesof
transporttowardsmobilityservices12. Thefastedgrowingtypeofsharedmobility
worldwideispubliccycling3. Sharedmobilityhasahighpotentialtogrow
publictransport.Increasedsharedmobilitybypublicmodeswillcontributetobetter transport efficiency according to all sustainabilitydimensions.
mobility
1‘SeeinparticularTAASorMAAS(TransportorMobilityasaService),butalsotherisksabout. 37
4
CONTEXT
futurevehicles
5 building block 5
+ infrastructurespace
futuresurprises
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futuresurprises
5 ?
futurevehicles
5
+ infrastructure
futurevehicles
5
+ infrastructure
futurevehicles
5
+ infrastructure
?
futurevehicles
5
+ infrastructure
?
future
v+in
45
IntegratingspaceandinfrastructureforcurrentandfuturevehiclesandinterlinkedservicesFuture vehicleswill show a much broader variety offormats, with self-driving cars, driving-assistedvehicles, light vehicles, many hybrids on variouscriteriaandmanytypesofbicycles,e-bikesaspedelecsandspeed-pedelecs,two-andfour-wheelers.Infrastructure for all modes of transport is a basicneed, if we would like to have functioning multi-modality,ITSetc.
Thisbuildingblockistoachieveawell-balancedinfrastructuredelivering access for all people and the frame for futurevehicles. The increasing variability of vehicles andinfrastructure can lead towards vehicle-orientation, but it isherethepeoplecentricityofFMcanactasacorrective.
CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
CE
vehicles
455
+ infrastructure
future
v+in
46
Integratingspaceandinfrastructureforfuturevehiclesandinterlinkedservices–segregatedandmixed–
vehicles
5
+ infrastructure
46CONTEXTFORPLAN
NING
mobility
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connected
building block 6
connectedmobility
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6
connectedmobility
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6
connectedmobility
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6
connectedmobility
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connected
cm
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ConnectedMobilityforallmeansoftransportandmobilityservicesConnected mobility is about digitising transport with dataexchange and connecting people and vehicles formultimodalityandseamlesstransport.In this field we can see a fast, complex and far-reachingdevelopment,wherewearenowatacrossroads,witheitherthecarindustryandprivatesectoroccupyingthisfield,oranintegrationofallplayersandpossibilitiesbymodellingnewITSscenarios.Under the “Active Mobility first!” precondition, FusionMobility is suggested as the frame when integrated andconnected means of transport will functioning as mobilityecosystemforpeople.
It is important that these fast emerging new technologiesthat are data and AI driven, with big data operations foroptimisedservicesisorientatedtowardstheideaofputtingpeoplefirst,notvehicles.
mobility
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CONTEXTFOREV
IDEN
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connected
cm
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ConnectedMobilityforallmeansoftransportandmobilityservices–2–
Whencarownershipisreducedsignificantly,peopleareableto becoming more flexible, and in well-structured anddevelopedmobility systems evenmore independent, fromthecar,thehighcarcosts,andalsonotbeingcaptivatedintrafficjams.
>Moreaboutin#5.Perspectives!
As essentialwe also have to stressdata safety for peopleandforsystems.1
mobility
536
CONTEXTFOREV
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1 ‘EU Service – Justice and Fundamental Rights, http://ec.europa.eu/justice/data-protection/,accessed12December2017.?
Letusstressagain‘Mobilityforall’–foryoungandold,andalso theSDGs. Inparticularwiththe move towards self-driving vehicles thismust be taken seriously as a great challengeandasagreatopportunityaswell.
6
54all the building blocks
buildingblocks
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
buildingblocks
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
how can we make the system work?
interaction
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
systemiccorrelate them – one by one!
interaction
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
systemicmeasure them – comparable !
interaction
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
systemic
The radar plot is showing a fictitious example of two situations (two cities, before-after, etc.)
futureperspectives
60
perspectives
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5
Fusion Mobility is a great opportunity as it brings a change of perspective for researchers and practitioners:
• from technology centred to people centred,
• from fractioned departments in GOs and in research on transport and urban development to social-inclusive urban and regional systems.
Let us therefore stress accessibility as a criterion for people centred achievements …
perspectives
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5
… questions on accessibility as a criterion for people centred achievements:
• Is the technical improvement of vehicles and transport solutions bettering transport accessibility for all people? Or is it increasing class dominated hierarchies?
• Do we understand that increased energy consumption with additional technical solutions can also hurt accessibility for all?
• Are we aware that electrification of a non-sustainable transport system does not better the system significantly, nor does it automatically give more people better access?
perspectives
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5
Preconditions for a developed and fully interacting Fusion Mobility system – to overcome the fragmentations in research and decision making, and creating a holistic system:
1. The six building blocks [BB-1 … BB-6] are not automatically interconnecting, they must be set into an interacting context. 2. To compare different situations in urban and transport development, or also just to identify one, we must be able to measure each of them, and a comparable scale for all the six must be developed.
perspectives
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.1
1. The six building blocks [BB-1 … BB-6] are not automatically interconnecting, they must be set into an interacting context. 2. To compare different situations in urban and transport development, or also just to identify one, we must be able to measure each of them, and a comparable scale for all the six must be developed.
for research
invitation
futurechallenges
65
futurechallenges
66
from AIartificial intelligence
futurechallenges
67
from AIartificial intelligence
futurechallenges
68
from AIartificial intelligence
futurechallenges
69
from AIartificial intelligence
perspectives
70
Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.1
Can the Fusion Mobility concept help contributing to this challenging constellation?
for research
perspectives
71
Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.1
1. What will happen, if the parameters will be created inside Connected Mobility only?
for research
perspectives
72
Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.1
1. … if the parameters will be created inside … only?
2. And what, when the other ‘BB’ will be respected?
for research
perspectives
73
Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.1 + 4.
Fusion Mobility is the game changer – • For further research, • for decision makers • and for society
for research etc.
perspectives
74
Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.2
For IST the integrated approach for a systemic mobility concept is not starting from zero. From TDM and TOD research it is known that there are numerous capacity building capabilities when unleashing the full potential of active modes. From energy scenarios we know that saving energy can be the most effective role in future energy use. And taking into account the additional benefits of Active Mobility as mentioned above, with health benefits as the number one, this is indispensible for the increasing problems of our sedentary society.
for ITSdevelopment
perspectives
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.3
for future auditsLet’s call it the ‘Fusion Mobility Outline’ – the radar plot diagram analysing e.g. two different situations to be compared. 1. As guidelines to overcome a segre-
gated world of transport and beyond. 2. A tool for audits - thereby also a step
forward in “New mobility policies: from transport departments to mobility networks” will be supported significantly.
3. A tool to improve sustainable development by future investments. ‘the fusion mobility outline’
perspectives
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Active Mobility
Shared Mobility
Connected Mobility
Future Vehicles and Infrastructure
Public Space
EcoMobility
future
5.3
for future auditsThis concept of a ‘Fusion Mobility Outline’ tool needs further research and improvement: 1. New individual scales for all ‘Building
Blocks’ in must be developed, also empirically by case studies in cities.
2. The tool then must be approved with a second series of case studies/facility studies.
The windfall profit might be that new research in the field of active modes can be adopted to this FM concept, and so leveraging cycling related research.
perspectives
77
future
for us – the people of the anthropocene The concept of a Fusion Mobility was drafted not only in respect of complexity and the human scale, it is targeting the far-reaching consequences of the Anthropocene – the men made geological era. 1. We are responsible for what is going on in mobility and
in our cities. Sustainable development is possible. 2. We are responsible to take seriously into account what
we know and can make better. Therefore a holistic view on the systems we create is an urgent need – and we are able to do so. Let us therefore accept Sustainability and Active Mobility as transformative values, and Fusion Mobility as a tool to guide the work in progress.
Insteadofacon
clusion–furthe
rPERSPECT
IVES
fusion mobility – future is now
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Fusion Mobility delivers a systemic approach that put people first – all people –when using new technologies.
holisticpicture
79Photo:M.Neun,June2018fromtheworldfamouspainting‘DANCE’(1909)fromHenriMatisse– MomA,NewYorkCity.