2
REVIEW ARTICLES The Moldovan Medical Journal, June 2018, Vol. 61, No 2 References 1. Patrascu E, Manea C, Sarafoleanu C. Difficulties in the diagnosis of fungal rhinosinusitis : Literature review. Rom J Rhinol. 2016;6(21):11-7. 2. Chakrabarti A, Denning D, Ferguson B, et al. Fungal rhinosinusitis: a categorization and definitional schema addressing current contro- versies. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(9):1809-18. 3. Mirza N, Lanza D. Diagnosis and management of rhinosinusitis before scheduled immunosuppression: a schematic approach to the prevention of acute fungal rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):313-21. 4. Collins MM, Nair SB, Wormald PJ. Prevalence of noninvasive fungal sinusitis in South Australia. Am J Rhinol. 2003;17(3):127-32. 5. Nazeri M, Hashemi S, Ardehali M, et al. Fungal rhino sinusitisin in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2015;44(3):374-9. 6. Helliwell T. Inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Diagn Histopath. 2010;16(6):255-64. 7. Hathiram BT, Khattar VS. Fungus balls of the paranasal sinuses. Otorhinolaryngol Clin Int J. 2009;1(1):33-5. 8. Fokkens W, Lund V, Mullol J, et al. European Position Paper on Rhi- nosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012. Rhinol. 2012;50(23 Suppl):1-298. 9. Sahin-Yilmaz A, Naclerio R. Anatomy and physiology of the upper airway. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011;8(1):31-9. 10. Van Cauwenberge P, Sys L, De Belder T, et al. Anatomy and physiology of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2004;24(1):1-17. 11. Beule AG. Physiology and pathophysiology of respiratory mucosa of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;9:article 07. 12. Quraishi M, Jones N, Mason J. The rheology of nasal mucus: a review. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1998;23(5):403-13. 13. Jones N. The nose and paranasal sinuses physiology and anatomy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001;51(1-3):5-19. 14. Munkholm M, Mortensen J. Mucociliary clearance: pathophysiological aspects. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2014;34(3):171-7. 15. Hehar SS, Mason JD, Stephen AB, et al. Twenty-four hour ambulatory nasal pH monitoring. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1999;24(1):24-5. 16. Washington N, Steele R, Jackson S, et al. Determination of baseline human nasal pH and the effect of intranasally administered buffers. Int J Pharm. 2000;198(2):139-46. 17. Bhawana G, Kumar S, Kumar A. Alkaline pH in middle meatus in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Otolaryngol. 2014;35(4):496-9. 18. Holma B, Lindegren M, Andersen J. pH effects on ciliomotil- ity and morphology of respiratory mucosa. Arch Environ Health. 1977;32(5):216-26. 19. Naxakis S, Athanasopoulos I, Vlastos I, et al. Evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance after medical or surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;266(9):1423-6. 20. Al-Rawi MM, Edelstein DR, Erlandson RA. Changes in nasal epi- thelium in patients with severe chronic sinusitis: a clinicopathologic and electron microscopic study. Laryngoscope. 1998;108(12):1816-23. 21. Baroody FM, Naclerio RM. Immunology of the upper airway and pathophysiology and treatment of allergic rhinitis. In: Paul WF, et DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1299033 UDC: 616.216-002.828 Fungal rhinosinusitis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment *Cojocari Lucia 1 , MD, PhD Student; Sandul Alexandru 1,2 , MD, PhD, Professor Department of Otorhinolaryngology 1 , Republican Clinical Hospital 2 Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova *Corresponding author: [email protected]. Received April 16, 2018; accepted June 22, 2018 al., editors. Cummings otolaryngology head & neck surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2010. p. 597-623. 22. Ramanathan M, Lane A. Innate immunity of the sinonasal cavity and its role in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;136(3):348-56. 23. Hoddeson E, Pratt E, Harvey R, et al. Local and systemic IgE in the evaluation and treatment of allergy. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43(3):503-20. 24. Kirtsreesakul V, Somjareonwattana P, Ruttanaphol S. Impact of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity on nasal mucociliary clearance. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;136(8):801-6. 25. Shah N, Rathore A. Intracranial extension of fungal sinusitis. Otorhi- nolaryngol Clin Int J. 2009;1(1):55-61. 26. Orlandi RR, Marple BF. The role of fungus in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43(3):531-7. 27. Healy DY, Leid JG, Sanderson AR, et al. Biofilms with fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008;138(5):641-7. 28. Ahn CN, Wise SK, Lathers DM, et al. Local production of antigen- specific IgE in different anatomic subsites of allergic fungal rhinosi- nusitis patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;141(1):97-103. 29. Tieu DD, Kern RC, Schleimer RP. Alterations in epithelial barrier function and host defense responses in chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124(1):37-42. 30. Sasama J, Sherris D, Shin S, et al. New paradigm for the roles of fungi and eosinophils in chronic rhinosinusitis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;13(1):2-8. 31. Shin SH, Ponikau JU, Sherris DA, et al. Chronic rhinosinusitis: an enhanced immune response to ubiquitous airborne fungi. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;114(6):1369-75. 32. Ponikau J, Sherris D, Kita H, et al. Intranasal antifungal treatment in 51 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110(6):862-6. 33. Ferguson BJ. Definitions of fungal rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):227-35. 34. Aribandi M, McCoy V, Bazan C. Imaging features of invasive and non- invasive fungal sinusitis: a review. Radiographics. 2007;27(5):1283-96. 35. Brazilian Guidelines on Rhinosinusitis. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2008;74(2 Suppl 0):6-59. 36. Baudoin T, Cupić H, Geber G, et al. Histopathologic parameters as predictors of response to endoscopic sinus surgery in nonallergic patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;134(5):761-6. 37. Schell WA. Histopathology of fungal rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):251-76. 38. Ferguson BJ. Fungus balls of the paranasal sinuses. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):389-98. 39. Pagella F, De Bernardi F, Dalla Gasperina D, et al. Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in adult patients: Our experience in diagnosis and management. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016;44(4):512-20. 40. Bosi GR, de Braga GL, de Almeida TS, et al. Fungus ball of the pa- ranasal sinuses: Report of two cases and literature review. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;16(2):286-90. 41. Chatterjee S, Chakrabarti A. Epidemiology and medical mycology of fungal rhinosinusitis. Otorhinolaryngol Clin Int J. 2009;1(1):1-13. 49

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Page 1: Fungal rhinosinusitis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and

review articles The Moldovan Medical Journal, June 2018, Vol. 61, No 2

References1. Patrascu E, Manea C, Sarafoleanu C. Difficulties in the diagnosis of

fungal rhinosinusitis : Literature review. Rom J Rhinol. 2016;6(21):11-7.2. Chakrabarti A, Denning D, Ferguson B, et al. Fungal rhinosinusitis:

a categorization and definitional schema addressing current contro-versies. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(9):1809-18.

3. Mirza N, Lanza D. Diagnosis and management of rhinosinusitis before scheduled immunosuppression: a schematic approach to the prevention of acute fungal rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):313-21.

4. Collins MM, Nair SB, Wormald PJ. Prevalence of noninvasive fungal sinusitis in South Australia. Am J Rhinol. 2003;17(3):127-32.

5. Nazeri M, Hashemi S, Ardehali M, et al. Fungal rhino sinusitisin in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2015;44(3):374-9.

6. Helliwell T. Inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Diagn Histopath. 2010;16(6):255-64.

7. Hathiram BT, Khattar VS. Fungus balls of the paranasal sinuses. Otorhinolaryngol Clin Int J. 2009;1(1):33-5.

8. Fokkens W, Lund V, Mullol J, et al. European Position Paper on Rhi-nosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012. Rhinol. 2012;50(23 Suppl):1-298.

9. Sahin-Yilmaz A, Naclerio R. Anatomy and physiology of the upper airway. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011;8(1):31-9.

10. Van Cauwenberge P, Sys L, De Belder T, et al. Anatomy and physiology of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2004;24(1):1-17.

11. Beule AG. Physiology and pathophysiology of respiratory mucosa of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;9:article 07.

12. Quraishi M, Jones N, Mason J. The rheology of nasal mucus: a review. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1998;23(5):403-13.

13. Jones N. The nose and paranasal sinuses physiology and anatomy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001;51(1-3):5-19.

14. Munkholm M, Mortensen J. Mucociliary clearance: pathophysiological aspects. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2014;34(3):171-7.

15. Hehar SS, Mason JD, Stephen AB, et al. Twenty-four hour ambulatory nasal pH monitoring. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1999;24(1):24-5.

16. Washington N, Steele R, Jackson S, et al. Determination of baseline human nasal pH and the effect of intranasally administered buffers. Int J Pharm. 2000;198(2):139-46.

17. Bhawana G, Kumar S, Kumar A. Alkaline pH in middle meatus in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Otolaryngol. 2014;35(4):496-9.

18. Holma B, Lindegren M, Andersen J. pH effects on ciliomotil-ity and morphology of respiratory mucosa. Arch Environ Health. 1977;32(5):216-26.

19. Naxakis S, Athanasopoulos I, Vlastos I, et al. Evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance after medical or surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;266(9):1423-6.

20. Al-Rawi MM, Edelstein DR, Erlandson RA. Changes in nasal epi-thelium in patients with severe chronic sinusitis: a clinicopathologic and electron microscopic study. Laryngoscope. 1998;108(12):1816-23.

21. Baroody FM, Naclerio RM. Immunology of the upper airway and pathophysiology and treatment of allergic rhinitis. In: Paul WF, et

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1299033UDC: 616.216-002.828

Fungal rhinosinusitis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment

*Cojocari Lucia1, MD, PhD Student; Sandul Alexandru1,2, MD, PhD, ProfessorDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology1, Republican Clinical Hospital2

Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova*Corresponding author: [email protected]. Received April 16, 2018; accepted June 22, 2018

al., editors. Cummings otolaryngology head & neck surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2010. p. 597-623.

22. Ramanathan M, Lane A. Innate immunity of the sinonasal cavity and its role in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;136(3):348-56.

23. Hoddeson E, Pratt E, Harvey R, et al. Local and systemic IgE in the evaluation and treatment of allergy. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43(3):503-20.

24. Kirtsreesakul V, Somjareonwattana P, Ruttanaphol S. Impact of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity on nasal mucociliary clearance. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;136(8):801-6.

25. Shah N, Rathore A. Intracranial extension of fungal sinusitis. Otorhi-nolaryngol Clin Int J. 2009;1(1):55-61.

26. Orlandi RR, Marple BF. The role of fungus in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43(3):531-7.

27. Healy DY, Leid JG, Sanderson AR, et al. Biofilms with fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008;138(5):641-7.

28. Ahn CN, Wise SK, Lathers DM, et al. Local production of antigen-specific IgE in different anatomic subsites of allergic fungal rhinosi-nusitis patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;141(1):97-103.

29. Tieu DD, Kern RC, Schleimer RP. Alterations in epithelial barrier function and host defense responses in chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124(1):37-42.

30. Sasama J, Sherris D, Shin S, et al. New paradigm for the roles of fungi and eosinophils in chronic rhinosinusitis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;13(1):2-8.

31. Shin SH, Ponikau JU, Sherris DA, et al. Chronic rhinosinusitis: an enhanced immune response to ubiquitous airborne fungi. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;114(6):1369-75.

32. Ponikau J, Sherris D, Kita H, et al. Intranasal antifungal treatment in 51 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110(6):862-6.

33. Ferguson BJ. Definitions of fungal rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):227-35.

34. Aribandi M, McCoy V, Bazan C. Imaging features of invasive and non-invasive fungal sinusitis: a review. Radiographics. 2007;27(5):1283-96.

35. Brazilian Guidelines on Rhinosinusitis. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2008;74(2 Suppl 0):6-59.

36. Baudoin T, Cupić H, Geber G, et al. Histopathologic parameters as predictors of response to endoscopic sinus surgery in nonallergic patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;134(5):761-6.

37. Schell WA. Histopathology of fungal rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):251-76.

38. Ferguson BJ. Fungus balls of the paranasal sinuses. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000;33(2):389-98.

39. Pagella F, De Bernardi F, Dalla Gasperina D, et al. Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in adult patients: Our experience in diagnosis and management. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016;44(4):512-20.

40. Bosi GR, de Braga GL, de Almeida TS, et al. Fungus ball of the pa-ranasal sinuses: Report of two cases and literature review. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;16(2):286-90.

41. Chatterjee S, Chakrabarti A. Epidemiology and medical mycology of fungal rhinosinusitis. Otorhinolaryngol Clin Int J. 2009;1(1):1-13.

49

Page 2: Fungal rhinosinusitis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and

50

review articlesThe Moldovan Medical Journal, June 2018, Vol. 61, No 2

42. International Society for Human & Animal Mycology. Workshop on fungal sinusitis. [visited 2016 May 30]. Available from: http://www.isham.org/pdf/Report,%20fungal %20sinusitis% 20workshop.pdf

43. Castelnuovo P, Gera R, Di Giulio G, et al. Paranasal sinus mycoses. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2000;20(1):6-15.

44. Ma L, Xu R, Shi J, et al. Identification of fungi in fungal ball sinusitis: comparison between MUC5B immunohistochemical and Grocott methenamine silver staining. Acta Otolaryngol. 2013;133(11):1181-7.

45. Kim ST, Choi JH, Jeon HG, et al. Comparison between polymerase chain reaction and fungal culture for the detection of fungi in pa-

tients with chronic sinusitis and normal controls. Acta Otolaryngol. 2005;125(1):72-5.

46. deShazo R, Chapin K, Swain R. Fungal sinusitis. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(4):254-9.

47. Naik S, Ravishankar S, Deekshith R, et al. Management of fungal sinusiti: a retrospective study in a medical college hospital. Online J Otolaryngol. 2015;5(3):39-47.