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Fungal InfectionsWho is at RiskSeriously ill patients being treated with
CorticosteroidsAntineoplastic drugsImmunosuppressive drugs
Patients with AIDSPatients with Cystic Fibrosis
Fungal InfectionsHistoplasmosisCoccidiodomycosisBlastomycosisCryptococcosisAspergillosis
Pneumocystis pneumonia
NocardiosisActinomycosisCandidiasis
Drug therapyAmphotericin B
IntravenousSide effects
Hypersensitivity reactions Fever and chills Malaise Nausea and vomiting Thrombophlebitis at injection site
Pre-medicate with Benadryl to increase tolerance and decrease hypersensitivity
Monitor renal functionEnsure adequate hydration
Drug TherapyOral antifungal agents
ketoconazole (Nizoral)fluconazole (Diflucan)itraconazole (Sporanox)Flucytosine (Ancobon)
Monitor effectiveness with serology testing
Signs and SymptomsProductive cough of purulent foul smelling and foul tasting sputum
Fever and chillsPleuritic painDyspneaWeight loss
Diagnosis
Sputum cultures – obtained first so can confirm
treatment modalities
Chest x-ray
Bronchoscopy
Treatment and Nursing CareDrug TherapyAntibiotics
PenicillinClindamycin
Antipyretics Chest physiotherapy and postural drainageIncrease fluid intakeRestGood nutrition