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Fundamentals of Information Systems MBA 606

Fundamentals of Information Systems

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Fundamentals of Information Systems. MBA 606. Introduction to Computers. Computers Information Systems & Technology Hardware Input, CPU, Output, Storage Software. Basic Concepts of Computers & Information Systems. 1.1 Concepts of Information. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Fundamentals ofInformation Systems

MBA 606

Page 2: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Introduction to Computers

• ComputersComputers

• Information Systems Information Systems & Technology& Technology

• HardwareHardware– Input, CPU, Output, Input, CPU, Output,

StorageStorage

• SoftwareSoftware

Page 3: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Basic Concepts ofComputers & Information Systems

Page 4: Fundamentals of Information Systems

1.1 Concepts of Information1.1 Concepts of Information“Data is recorded facts or figures; information

is knowledge gained by processing data” (Kroenke, 1983).

“Data can be defined as any representation of facts, observations, or occurrences. . . Information can be defined as data that has been transformed into a meaningful and useful form for specific human beings” (O’Brien, 1982).

Page 5: Fundamentals of Information Systems

DefinitionDefinition

• Information: data that has been processed into a form that is meaningful to the recipient and is of real or perspective value in current or perspective action or decision (Davis & Olson, 1985).

• Data: Raw facts that are collected (Simon, 1996).

Page 6: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Data / Information FlowData / Information Flow

Data InformationInformationProcessingProcessing

Page 7: Fundamentals of Information Systems

1.2 Systems Concepts1.2 Systems Concepts

• System: is a set of components which interact to accomplish some purpose

Page 8: Fundamentals of Information Systems

General Model of a SystemGeneral Model of a System

Input Process Output

Feedback

Page 9: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Information Systems definedInformation Systems defined

• An information system: components that work together to provide desired information in the proper format at an appropriate time.

• Computer-based information systems

(CBIS).

Page 10: Fundamentals of Information Systems

1.3 Information-System Components

1.3 Information-System Components

Hardware Software

People

Data Procedures

Page 11: Fundamentals of Information Systems

HardwareHardware

• Physical equipment including the computer itself, keyboard, mouse, monitor, other peripheral devices such as printer, projector, etc.

Page 12: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Input/Processing/OutputInput/Processing/Output

ComputerComputer

InputInput ProcessingProcessing OutputOutput

Data and Data and programsprograms InformationInformation

Page 13: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Input DevicesInput Devices

InputInput

Keyboard

Page 14: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Output DevicesOutput Devices

Output

Page 15: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Overview of Computer ProcessingOverview of Computer Processing

DataData

ProgramsPrograms

Secondary Secondary StorageStorage Primary MemoryPrimary Memory

Central Processing Unit

Computer System UnitOther Input

OtherOutput

Page 16: Fundamentals of Information Systems

General Procedures in Processing Data

General Procedures in Processing Data

• Data is read from secondary storage into primary memory for processing. Results are then displayed on the computer screen.

4242.5

4343.5

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4646.5

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1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

PrimaryMemory

SecondaryStorage

Result

Action

Page 17: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Storage MediaStorage Media

• Punch cards• Magnetic

– Tape– Disk

• Optical– CD-ROM/DVD-ROM– WORM/CD-R– MO

Page 18: Fundamentals of Information Systems

SoftwareSoftware

• Software is the term used for the step-by-step instructions provided to the hardware; a.k.a. programs.

Page 19: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Application ProgramsApplication Programs

• Software for specific purposes or business uses

• Word processors, spreadsheets, database, etc.

Page 20: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Operating system programsOperating system programs

• OS

• directs the hardware’s activities and operations

• MS-DOS, Mac-OS, Windows95/98/NT/2000/XP, UNIX, VAX/VMS, etc.

Page 21: Fundamentals of Information Systems

DataData

• Data is the raw facts about some topic

• Typically data is stored in database, files, records, or fields

Page 22: Fundamentals of Information Systems

ProcedureProcedure

• Just as hardware needs instructions (software) to tell it how to perform work in the desired manner, people also need instructions. These instructions are called procedure in IS.

Page 23: Fundamentals of Information Systems

PeoplePeople

• Manufacturers

• Programmers, Operators, Analysts

• Users

• GIGO: inaccurate input will produce inaccurate output

Page 24: Fundamentals of Information Systems

ISA (Information Systems Acronyms)ISA (Information Systems Acronyms)

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GIGO

Page 25: Fundamentals of Information Systems

ISA (Information Systems Acronyms)ISA (Information Systems Acronyms)

Personal ComputerPersonal Computer

Disk Operating SystemDisk Operating System

Garbage In, Garbage OutGarbage In, Garbage Out

PC

DOS

GIGO

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