Functional Grammar Exercises

7/28/2019 Functional Grammar Exercises

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1. Simple PresentForm

Spelling DifficultiesTo ' o vloO lo0 o Slmple Present v] vcl -s q .e.g. lstop - he sfo

I smoke - he smokes

Atfirmative:lnterrogative:Negative:

1 . P o lvv _ss,vlo0 o.e.g. ldress - he dressesI go - he goesI catch - he catches

lwrite I he writes etc.Do I write? / Does he write? etc.l don't write / e doesn't write et.

-Sh, -Ch, -o, -X vov -es o ' oolfish - he fishesI fix - he fixes2. P o lvov oo -ies-e.g. I cry - he criesUse

-y K! nlv o cto Ut Uvo, ov To -y6I play - he plays

c Simple Present olol!l:1 . l v o1 I P oU vvl o clovovq, . l v o oo v v-vl nP loolou lT ou1T(Aerbs of Frequency) orq: usually, often, always, sometimes,neYer, rarety, seldom g l xovlEq i oq:eyery day, every week, eyery year, on Sundays,at the eekends, once a monrh / year .

She never cleans her house.She reads a par every evening.ote n] o16 oooiyio .e.g. Mary is alvrays careful.Mother often laftes me to the cinema.

2. Yl v l vl o.

d o o6 v 6 o

He is a bank clerk.He works in a bank.


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,I' l v l l vl "^^';:,,", rr."'., i, ff .- '1at centigrade. } ,i.,1 ;;"1i4. cl v o oo1lo6vq oviq lqv il l oil l o. (o ocllov yl iv: 0 oq.)e.g. Schoolends in June.

|/Ve ga on a tour nert week. We start at B a'm. on onday,we have lunch in Lamia and we arrive in Salonika late at night.The film starts at 7 p.m.

5. rri o Simple Past l v o0 l toi iv ovq oU lv oov vc lvctocll io ivovrg wvl v .(loooEvoq,)e, g. When the lice arrive, they f ind the dead man lying on the floor.

6- l v lou vTlqvlv vv-Pel6 takes the ball and asses it to ,,.

7. tv6q (exc|amatory) rolq rou 1iov o here o there.e.g. There goes the Queen!Here comes the President!8- o Conditionals Type 1 ov vo v | iov.

lf he drops the plates, they will all break.ExercisesDavid plays basketball. (ow often?)Caroline drinks champagne. (ow often?)John goes to the gym. hat time/usually?)

1.2.3.4.5.6.

Sarah plays the guitar. (How often?)Jak is always late. (v/hy?)Diana plays table tennis.


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-eY eat out. (ow often?)Se is always hungry. vhy?)

looklq;:r|', Dracula, may l ask yi : l9w.questions? ... a family?

One last question. ...... ever ..... at the sun?I ..... ...... normalty, no. But now and then t ...'yith sun-glasses on, you know. Y ctlJ 'l(il l ""' ' a peekBut.. ........?o, of course l ..... . Where did you get that idea?

Goo{ morning. I am doing a survey on families and l,d liketo ask you a few questions. .... any hildren?li]: !:: ::::::::: :::: : i;;;;J:,J::*:.::::::.i1.....:::: ;;i: . biology at a university and my eldest soni.' the other two still . .. to school?3. Yes, theyr' your wife . ......?: o' she She at home and . .... in the house..t, your youngest children?3: No, r .. one an ord rady, she ...... .. her shoppingand things like that, and the other one ...... .. nespapers.

haYeprefer needlike seewant be diedrink yisit

I

tu

haYedrive workteach delivergo staysuport


4/11

Present Continuous2. Present ContinuousForm be+verb-ing

Spelling Difficutties1' ov o lvl _e, Uo Ul lv cto v _ng.e.g. love - loving care - caring2' ov o lvl o iv Uvo l o O o , v vV onoio l ovicl, o o l Uvo bloll.e. g. begin beginning 6run ' running ,;:# :#;,f3- To lo l lnoll ov lv o ouo Ucll v vV.. g. travel - travelling del - peeling4' tn -ing ooiTl iq o o T lvov Y ol y.. g. draw - drawing study - studying5- ie-l de vovrl lyig dying.e.g. Ann is lying on the grass.ln many African countries chitdren are dying of hunger.

..;, Fl)Use $ ii

lamhelshe/it iswe/yo/they are(=l'm)(= he's) wearing(=\ry're}

Read the follo*g dialogue beh,een Mrs EYans and her daughter Atce.hen ndertine allthe veibs in Simple prnt and Present contnuous.lice: .What are yu doing, Mum?.Mrs Evans: '|'m trying n tnis nji l am going to a fancy dress partytonight. Do you like my hati, vAlice: .o, l dont lie it at al,..Mrs vans: .Why?.Aice: 'oh Mum! You,re going to too many partes lately and you,realways leaving me on y own..

Peter is laying ,{*' 'r'-'r'Xolonolou ov Present Contnuous ' with his dog, l fu j /1:!# ilfi:*}^Ti:11,: ll,:;i,Y}: i:;ii}, .,,,},''g' He is saving money to buy a car. py vc v rv no')


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shds doing the washing u. ft*}3' l l _ oU ! oCtlT l -vl:;";;;;;;r" oyrlviov' ll ' ob - rix"or, ivo r ,o arrive, come, drive, fty,::: ,";:."*r,:T;.l11r.i!:11-q'nioq l have l do.

Present Continuou

Theyre mrtching T.V. while /#E;\,,' '\{--J

e.g. George is ttying to Satonica next i""i.l.lote the difference

always asks me far help.

4_ Tlq lq always ct continally l v clo oiol, v,o,t v clvou ol ooroi nrh" ,o oU v-t lg.e.g. Peter is always taking in class! l cat stand it any tonger.is a[a1 asking (ooio. if vos1i vC o tffi oviy.)(v ! voyi vc oU pffi.)

Compare He5' lcl Tolq no ouv ioovTt.e.g. SDe has been seriously it utr", getting better now.The Ealls population is increasing.on-Gontinuous Verbsolov clTg -v yov 1vouq liq l lvo-v ovl ool ol o|v' iee 1 dar |onoloyrl ov6q i To an l v kiU ol l obiv, ,ijo.e' g. l kno John very wel!. (v ivt vroi l can hear yau better now.?v 'vu' UvJrov v ov vi nootv-) non-continuous verbs ivl :

believeit feels likeforgethatehaehearknowlikelove

oj mean v q mindo6 need :' notce oi efer {l 1 recnise= remember= (oi sg= '6oe sm

= loil= co= 1cdo= pp= po= QVQI= l= c= Q(vo

suppose it tastes think trust =understand =ant =ish

uoc1 ir1voi, jecrroiv6&lil

J::!,.F.""ving tomorrow. He ls tlyingto Britain.He is caching ttight BA 267 ta Londn.(iv .ocToivo v , iocl o . )

She will fty to Japan if she has enoughmaney. ( n rv lovi cv ....u x oYoi clo' v ivooo.)


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Present ContinuousMl v T vYTY ovoq q ixovo wocr. T i


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Present ContinuExercisesSusan and Julie have just met in a shp.sus4rs; elo, Julie. l thought you had moved to London.Vhat (1) ............JULl: l .....: ..-.. :........:.. M;*i ;; il;;;;; ;;J:?:/oo) here?What (s) ....':::'' iiJJ}ri ru;-ai-:':r :: ::; ;;';b* ,11':* days? )J:JL: ils arl riqht. , or' ............1 - $ou/like) Lon"i' (get]and I (s .-....]..: : ""' (hunt) for a ne\ff fat at the moment1ilf' I}xi ::::::::::: *:: 9],;; .ffi;lfiffr:i;,:ii*;;

film: Yes, I'm atraid so. ". - ' ' "' 'v 'll l vYt{Jf,esay evening?ff;:*' ::: weil, *r,ai;ffi ;;;;;;;;;;;; il;;'Yor ovln diaryfr1ffiMondayTuesday\JVednesdayhursdayFridaySaturdaySunday

Friend:You:Friend:You:Friend:You:Friend :


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Present Continuous

You can't speak to Paul nov, he ........ .......... (work).He usuatly ......... (smoke) a lot.}(aren usually ...........:......eab) a book in the evening.The boat ........... ......1....:.1leave) at ine ,.r. tire every day.l ........... ..:.-...(wear) a h1t 1oay because it .......... (rain).I can smell something strange. I think ine supper ..... (burn).ow often (you / visii)'her?Whatever you ask her to d, sne -.........:........ . (always / make) a fuss.Don't turn the radio off. I .....(risten) to it.Be quiet! ou

- e c".,;;; ;;; ffi; ;i;; il; ::1:::':: in ghosts?-3. Woutd you |ike some coffee? The kettte ave) a bath no\M.'g. What time ..........:...'s. I ....... (ptay) tne iianoltine moment.

8. ow, il,**::i; il ;.:i J,jii:l ::: :: ::::::::lii?,n,.*) about the play'c' Get ready to shoot' he dog "... .. (smell) something in the bushes.

i

r(

What time ..(the fitm/start)?We """' ........(9o) shpping inis .it.rnoon. Would you tike to come?;:;""' -...-(You/work) tonight?we .. ....(teave) Engtand on the gth and .(arrive) in ustralia on the 1Oth. v i 9l 'VThe shool ....... .]....... ..(not/pen) untl g o,clock.I don't know the details yet. caro! ............. .... (ring) me tonight to telt me.We """' .. (have) a party next week. Would you like to come?We """' ..(leave) eariy tmorro\, so don't torgef to set your atarm.He ........ .....i hot/beong) to any political party.I """"... .(not/so) outionisnibecause it ......:..:-:::....... (rain).Look at this lovely material! lt ........:'ilj:i.'3l;;;;:' "' (nat/teel) very well today. l .. (think)Mother ... (taste) the cake to see if it ... (taste) good.hat ..:..............:.. (youlthin1oit_is new p,",;;i?It's two in the afternoon. ThJwnble tamilythe dining room.Look atthe blind man! e...... .....:... (feel) his waythrugh the crowd.ffi ::HJ:iLT1meet you tomorro\ry morning. l .... ..... (see)

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.


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Sim Future - Going to2. l v oU ooql o, olq, Uox, il'ooolol ! o1 o vowl i ory.e. g. WilI you haYe another ece of cake? @ooo)Y4iII you help me to wash the dishes? oo)Shall l meet you there? (oo)l will do everything in my pwer to hep you. (nooyo)Sto making a naise or l'll punish you, ( oonoio)Sit down! I'll answer the phone. oo no nivc Y oU nooq)3. Y v oU olto.e,g. l'll go an a diet. { am determined = i oootvoE)Sfie won't do it, (vio vc fo ov)o matter haw often you ask him, he won't came to your rty.1. o o volvolq, U/ lq lol ctt i o.e.g. The Queen will oen the new hostal tomorrow.The rain will continue for the next two days.

A U! Tov lvo oo ovg i :The Queen ':2!:!,:^on the new hosfitaltomorrow.S onngt oU loolo0 Simple Future ivl tomorrow, next week, next year,in two weeks, in an hour etc.

}ill + lnfinitive / Be going toolorolou o 'wilt + infinitive':a) l o6lq oU lOou voio ol ivovoo ov. vq clo oq: think,hope, l'm afraid,I expect, !'m sure etc.He vorks too hard. l thinkhe will have a nerousbreakdown.

Xoloolo0 o 'be going to':a) l oilq v ovvilq oT! l otcttv oi oo o ov.

He's ing to have aneruous breakdown.b) lcl v ctou oo, ol_q lolq oyl vll | o yo ooiolv vooo ov.

c) lct lcl r ou ivl oioo olo l i.e.g. l'm going to buy a new bike next week,

b) | ol o ivou Tlo l. (on{he_spot decisions)

'lll have fish tor dinner.'lcl ! o v ivl olol0oioo ol U.e.g. I'll buy a new bike if I have money.

c)

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Simple Future - Going taPresent Gontinuous / Be going toXolootou resent Gontinuous 'be going to'l n6cl oU you o-iol xl vcl VoU oo oY. oE,ii,s oq tooloube going to wil.e.g. f m haling dinner with Peter tonight.or I'm going to have dinner with peter tanight. , 6Its goingto rain tomorrow.(we never say l(s raining tomorrow.)

O Future Tnse v ooio Future tense v ylorolil ovq oo XovIig ilg (when, as soon anti, before, after, the moment that) l To oilo if._(see citlonals)e, g. When he comes, tel him to wait for me here.lf you hel me, l can finish it today.

Note 1. To if 6trq cq rdg og oi v oo[ 6 Simple Fture.e.g. I dartt know if he will buy it.2. Av o 1rhen' [v '6v', v (v Future. Av o 1rhen- crr1fv .6;.o[ v 6 Future.e. g. When / see him, l ll tak to him. (= ov ...)When will you s'o to London? (= o ...)

ExercisesLiz : (you / ga) to the party tomorroW,?David: l'm not sure if I ... .... (go) or not.Liz: Well, l ...... .............. (take) yur presentioi sue if you don't go.David: l ..... . (not / give) er a'present. .....(ust / take) a botile of wine if I go.Liz: l ..... . (give) hr a plant. That ...... (be)a nice surprise for her.David: l hope she . ..... (ike) it' l seem to remember that shedoesn't like plants.oh no! What ..... (l l do) in that ase?You can take her a bottle of wine as wel.1. 1..... . (write) to you as soon as r . ..... (reach) Africa.2. When it.... .... (stop) snowln9,w ............. (go) out.3. We ..... (not / start) the race until everyone ...... ereay.4. She doesn't know when they ...... (call) her.5. lf I .. -... (need) any directions, r ........ (phone) you.

16

Liz :David:


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6. I don't know if he ... (follow) my advice.7. When you.. .. (see) your otd ar, you..... ...... (not / recognise) it.8. When l ..... (reah) fifty five, l'm going to retire.e. g. They (miss) tl'e bus if they dorlt run.They;;ii ;;';;",:i iu' if they dorlt run.

'l . We ... (see) the new play on Friday. Would you like a ticket, too ?2. er birthday... .. (be) a special occasion. She's made a lot of preparations.3. I can't meet you tonight. I (see) .........my dentist.4 lthink she (lose) ... her purse, she always leaves her bag open.. Wher .... ..(you/spend) Christmas?. l've definitely decided, l ..... .... (leave) my job.'7 . Lie down and you (feel) ...... better.3. om and Sue (come) to dinner at 8 o'clock tomorrow night.3. We .....(buy) him a nev watch for his birthday.':. Sit down. I ..... .(get) you something to drink.' 1. I suppose they (telephone) about next week's meeting.'2. What .....(you/say) if he asks you to the dance?'3. When I get to Rome, I ........ (send) you a postcard.'4. I ..... . (have) my hair cut next week.'5. I ..... .... (visit) my grandmother in hospital this afternoon.'. l dubt if im ..... (buy) anther ne car.'7. he lights are to bright. l ..... ...(lose) the curtains.'3' ........... ......(go) to the doctor's on Wednesday at 3 o'clock,

We've rn out of matches.Oh, have we? I ...... .... (go) and get some more.You look very tired. Are you going home?Yes, I ...... .... (get) some sleeP.Why are you baking a cake?Because ! ..,... . (ask) my friend to tea.You don't look well.I know. I ........ ... (see) the doctor next Tuesday.Why are you cutting up those jeans?I ...... (make) a pair of shorts.I can't get this cornputer to workOh, can't you? I ........... ...... (have) a look at it later.Why have you got my radio?I ....... (listen) to the "Chart Show".I've decided to build an extensionoh, really! ow big ... (it / be)?l an't understand this recipe.Oh, can't you? I ..... . (hetp) you then.Did you remember to buy the vegetables?No, l didn't. | ....... .... (go) and buy them no.

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Functional Grammar Exercises