FUNCTION OF THE POWERTRAINIn the powertrain is makes the next functions: Provides the medium to connect or disconnect the engine to the wheels while the engine is started.System incorporates clutch, this can be mechanical (by whip), hydraulic (fluid in the collar) Provides the medium by which the power of the engine is delivered to the wheels. Provides some and differents combinations of power and speed for adapt to the changes in the condition of the road and load. Through transmission or transaxle of changes; These include both manuals as can be automated. Provides speed forward and backward.TIPES OF POWERTRAINThe design of the powertrain depends of: The location of the engine,(in front, back, or in the middle of the vehicle).Depending on the location of the engine it can make better use of the energy generated by the same. The motor position (longitudinal or transverse).For cases of the longitudinal engine we know that most common mind incorporates a rear wheel drive, while for an engine placed transversely is more common to find a front transmission. Transmission Type [Propulsion in rear wheels (RWD), propulsion front wheel (FWD) propulsion connectable 4-wheel drive (4WD) or all-wheel propulsion (AWD)]. As mentioned above, it is possible to identify if we have a transmission, or transaxle changes; however this is not difficult to meet various combinations of possible configurations have a transaxle or transmission in a vehicleLOCATION AND POSITION OF THE ENGINEThe engine can be located in different places of the car; this depends on the design of the vehicle Front engine vehicle: The engine is placed just opposite the compartment PASSENGERS. Rear-engined vehicle: The engine is placed just mind in the back of the rear axle. Engine in the middle of the vehicle: The engine is placed behind PASSENGERS compartment, just in front of the rear axle.The difference between permanent four wheel drive (AWD) and switchable traction (4WD) is in the 4WD has a lever or button for connection of par torsional to all wheels.

Rear-wheel traction "RWD"The conventional powertrain rear wheel traction has the engine placed in front of the vehicle; His position is longitudinally opposite the front wheels, a clutch and a manual transmission or a torque converter and automatic transmission, engine power transmitted to a drive shaft.The drive shaft transmits power to the final drive gear, rear axle final drives transmit power through the rear axles to the rear wheels. End traction gears change the direction of power flow 90 degrees to the direction of the drive shaft; The differential divides the power evenly to each rear wheel, with normal forward driving parts, systems rear wheels push the moving vehicle forward.This type of system is used in some compact, medium and large cars, large vans light trucks besides type and heavy duty trucks.FRONT WHEEL DRIVE (FWD) The drivetrain with front-wheel drive has the engine mounted in front of the vehicle and may be in longitudinal or transverse position. In designing the longitudinal engine, a clutch and manual transaxle or torque converter in automatic transaxle transmit the engine power to the axles in front wheels. In this design, the transaxle final push to change the direction of power flow at 90 degrees Engine Crankshaft.

With transversely mounted engine design, the clutch and the manual transaxle or torque converter automatic transmission transmit engine power to the axle shafts and wheels of front-wheel drive, but since the crankshaft is parallel the direction of flow power will not change to 90 degrees and in the designs of a longitudinal engine.This design is currently used in most compact cars, medians and vans.SWITCHABLE FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE (4WD)The drive system in four occasional wheels is a design modification of the conventional drive system rear wheels with the engine in the front. The 4-wheel traction has a transfer case mounted on the rear of the transmission, a set of gears and shafts transfer case that provides the means for selecting traction on 2 or 4 wheels. The power transfer case is transmitted to the wheel axle and the rear wheel drive power it can also be transfered to the axis of the front wheels.The transfer case normally has four gear selection positions: Neutral. 2WD (rear wheels which perform traction). 4WD Low 4WD HighThis system is planned to be operated in the mode 2WD only on the road or on hard surfaces, and mode 4WD in muddy terrain, snow or rude, or where it is required to use this mode of operation.4-WHEEL TRACTION OR TRACTION TOTAL TIMEThe system always 4WD is designed to drive both on roads and outside them. Eliminates the need for switching between 2WD and 4WD. A viscous coupling differential or transfer case prevents conflicts between the wheel axles. And the power to both axles wheel is transmitted at all times. A kill switch is provided in some models of traction at all wheels, this switch controls an electromagnetic clutch during cornering, the viscous coupling differential transfer papers box allows the front axle differential also rotate the rear axle at different speeds.The AWD system has been designed for driving both roads and outside them.