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Full text of "Collections - State Historical Society of
Wisconsin"
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1963940
REYNOLDS HISTORICAL
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 01052 7130
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
http://www.archive.org/details/collectionsstate10stat
REPORT
AND
COLLECTIOITS
OF THE
State Historid\l Society
\ OF WISCONSIN
\ For the Tears iSS:;, iSS'^, and iSS;.
\ . DRdPBK
vox.. X.
With a GExia^Ai, T.ndkx to Vols. I. X.
f. MADISON. Vv'IS.:
I I>r:MOCRAT PIUNTiNO (.ClM) ANY, STATE miNTERS.
I lS8S.
19S3940
This tenth volume of the Wisconsin Historical Sociefy's Coll cat
ions com\)\etcF, the first series; of the^woik, end in- cludes a
full index of the whole. Little need, be offered by way of apology
or explanation. In the infancy and poverty of the State, it was
difficult at first to enlist the sympathies and encouragement of
our people in the work of saving our historic materials; diflicult
to avert the obstacles thrown in the vray by a doubting or
querulous Legislature: difficult to secure even the smallest
pittance for the most pressing needs of an irifant institution; and
difficult to secure the early publication of its garnerings, even
in the rudest form. To inspire faith and hope, that what v/as
sought to lay the loundations of such an institution was really
necessary, or would contribute to the honor, fame and up-building
of the youthful State, was a matter of no small effort. But it is
gratifying to refiect, that all our early promises of useful- ness,
and pledges of economy, with faithfulness and devo- tion to the
work in hand, have been fully met, and even niore than
realized.
During a period of over thirty years, under a single guid- ance,
much of our Early Wisconsin story has been brought out, and not a
little of it pretty thoroughly discussed and elucidated. Our
pioneers have aided materially in this good work Grignon, Brisbois,
Shaw, Lockwood, Ellis, Childs, Mteker, Mr. and Mrs. Baird, Martin,
tlie Parkinsons, Bracken, Lapham, Strong, Lothrop, Frank, Clark,
Fonda, Powell, Vieau, De La Ronde, Beouchard, Mrs. Bristol,
P>runson, Ilolton, Merrill, Peet, Rice, Whitford, Butler, and
many others.
Such an array of contributors have very naturally covered a"
wide range of topics, embracing nearly every- thing touching the
primitive history of Wisconsin and the
4c Wisconsin State Historical Society.
Northwest arcli.T'ology, Indian manners, wars, customs,
language, Indian nomenclature, and Indian trade; early French
exploration, settlement, growth of the country, pro- gress of
education, and pioneer biography.
Not a little yet remains, in the way of details, to be
developed, and wrought into historical narrative. Many doubts and
difficulties have been explained in the course of these thirty odd
years' discussions, so that it will be easier hereafter to
investigate the sources, subjects, and details of our early
history. The more modern era of settlement and expansion has yet to
be grappled with and elucidated; but the gathering of the Lawe,
Porlier, Boyd, Martin, and other papers will much facilitate the
labor. The important part Wisconsin played in our civil war is yet
to bo told, and considerable material has been gathered for this
])urpose.
Commencing this labor for the Society thirty odd years ngo, with
no pecuniary resources whatever, v^ith only some i\{iy volumes, of
which all but two were Wisconsin puhlica- lious, and now exhibiting
some one hundred and eighteen thousand books, newspaper files and
pamphlets a collec- tion uiJccjuaUed west of the Alleghanies with a
galler}' of portraits, and a rare collection of prehistoric and
other curiosities, witii the Library performing a splendid work in
behalf of our literary investigato'-s, is a consummation most
gratifying to the people of Wisconsin.
Devoutly trusting that the future may have great pros- perity in
store for the Society, and that my successor, Keuben G. Thv/aites,
may find his hands strengthened, and his h< art encouraged, in
the great work upon which he ha.s entered witii so much spirit and
enthusiasm, I retire from tho Society 's service with grateful
thanks for the unflag- t(ing conridenco and encouragement I so
constantly received from my associates, and the people of
Wisconsin.
Lyman C. Draper.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Page .
iktroduction 8-4
Table of CoinTents -^-6
OkFICEKS of THli SOCIETY, 18Sd T-8
ISSi 9-10
1S85 11-12
Synopsis of Ankual RnroKi, 1SS3 13-20
188 1 20-28
1885 28-40
Jean Nicolkt, by F. II. Garneau and Rev. J. B. Ferland, with
notee by Benjamin Suite 41-46
DE LIXGKKY'S fJXPEDlTlOX AGAINST THE FOXES, 1728, by Rev.
Emanuel Crespel 47-53
French Foriii-ications neak the mouth of the Wisconsin.
"Hoi.i> THE Fout! " by Prof. Jaine5 D. Butler 54-03
Tay-cho-de-kah The Four Lake Country First White
Foot-Prints Thicre, bj Prof . J ) mop D . Batler Ci-S9
Laweand CxUIGNON Papers, 1701-1821 90-141
Papers of T. G. Anderson, British Indian Agent 143-149
Indian Gampaion of 1832, by Capt. Henry Smith 150-107
Reminiscences OF the Blaci". Hawk War, by Gen. Ri>b-rt And-
erson KjS-I'G
Incident of the Black IIavvK War, by c;oI. Chas. WliitLlesey
170-177
Battle of Peckatonica, by Lieut. IJ. G. Fitch 178 -183
XoTES ON THE Black IIawk Wak, by Hon. Peter Parkinson 181-212
j
Sketches OF Indian Chiefs and Pioneers of the Northwest, by
j
Col. John Shaw . ~ ''^ ---'
CAUt-Es OF THic Black IIawr War. by Hon. Orlando Brown
223-220
BiacK Hawk Scraps from old Newspapkr? 227-22S
Robert S. Black AND the Black Hawk War, by Geo. George
W.Jones 229-230
Reminiscences of Wisconsin in 1833, from The ^]adison Demo- crat
231-234
CoL. Henry Gratiot, a Pioneer of Wisconsin, by Hon. Elihu
B.Washburne ^^o-^&O
ilRs. Adele I'. Gratiot's Narrative 201-2*0
Early Wisconsln Exploration and Settlement, by Hon, James
Sutherland 270-291
-aJi
6 Wisconsin State Historical Society.
Page. NoTKS ON Early Wisconsin Exploration, Forts and
Trading
Posts, by Kev. Edward D. Neill, D. D 292-306
French Fokt at Prairie du Chien a Myth, by Consul Willshirc
iUittei field : 307-320
Early F'rf.isCH Forts in Western Wisconsin, by Lyman C.
Draper ". 321-372
AuTooRAi'ii Collections of the Signers of the Declaration
of Independence, and of the Constitution, by Lyman C.
Draper 373-447
Sketch of Hon. Andrew Procdfit, by II tn.Breese J. Stevens. .
448-450 Memorial Sketches of O. 11. Conover, LL. D.
liesjlulions of regret, by Gen. DavM Atwood 451-452
Memorinl address, by R^v. Chas. IT. Richards, D. D 453-408
Memorial address by Ctupf Justice Ors imus Colo, LL. D
469-473
Wisconsin- Necrology, 1S79-S2, by Lymau C. Draper 474-490
Additions and Correction:; 491-509
General Index to Vol. I.-X. inclusive 511
il
m
'r':^rfiT ';t
^M
OFFICERS OF THE SOClETY-1883.
J*reeidenf.^ Hoa. John A. Rice. Merton.
Vice-Presidents. lion. Harlow S. Ortou. LL. D., Madison; Hon.
Morgan
L. Martin, Green Bay; Hon. James T. Lewis, LL. D., Columbus;
Hon.
Jaines Sutherland. Jan. sville; Hon. M. M. Davis, Baraboo;
Chauncey \
C. Biitt, Esq., Portage C ty; Hon. John H. Rountree,
Platteville; Hon. i
Simeon I^lills, Madison; Hon. J. F. Potter, East Troy; Samuel
Mar- j
shall, Esq., MiLvaukee; Hon. John T. Kingston, Nocedah; Gen.
David
Atwood, Madison; Hon. Moses M. Strong, Mineral Point; Hon.
Thad
C. Pound. Clr'ppewa Falls; Hon. J. J. Guppey, Portage City; and
Fred.
S. Perkins, Esq., Burlington.
Honorary Vice-Presidents. Hon. Cyrus Woodman, Massachusetts;
Hon.
G. W. Bradford, New York; Hon. Perry H. Smith, Illinois;
Robert
Clarke, Esq., Ohio; Hon. A. C. Dodge, Iowa; Hon. L. J.
Farwell,
Missouii; Hon. C. C. Trowbridge, Michigan; Chas. Fairchild,
Esq.,
Massachusetts; Col. S. V. Shipman, IlliDois; Hon. Fhilo White,
LL. D.,
New York; Hon. Araasa Cobb, Nebraska, and Samuel H. Hunt,
Esq.,
New Jersey .
Corresponding Secretary. Ijymciu C. Draper, LL. D.
Jiecording Secretary. Robert M. Bash ford.
Treasurer. Jlon. A. H. Main.
L?T)rarjon Daniel S. Durrie.
Assistant JJhrarians Isabel Durrie, .and Isaac S. Bradley.
Curators ex-officio Uou. J. M. Rusk, Governor; Hon. E. G. Timme,
Sec- retary of State ; Hon. E. C. McFetridge, State Treasurer, and
Hon. Alex. Mitchell. Life Director. For one 2/ear Ex-Gov. Lucius
Fairchild, Dr. O. M. Conover, J. H. Car- penter. LL.D., Col. Wm. F.
Vilas, Hon. B. J. Stevens, Prof. W. F. Allen, Hon. D. K. Tenney,
Hon. A. B. Braley, CoL Thomas Reynolds, and Prof. R. B. Anderson.
For two years James D. Butler, LL.D., Hon. B. E. Hutchinson, Hon.
J. D. Gurnee, N. B. Van Slyke, Gen. C. P. Chapman, Hon. H. H.
Giles, Isaac Lyon, Prof. J. B. Parkihson, Hon. G. B. Burrows, and
Hon. J. A. Johnson. For three years Gen. G. P. Delnplaine, Hon.
Andrew Proudfit, Hon. S. U. Pinney, Dr. Joseph Hobbins, Hon. R W.
Keycs, Hon. S. D. Hust- ings, Geo. Raymer, lion. M. :M. Jackson,
Sani'l Klauber, and Hon. J. C. Gregory.
I' ' : .. f.
i .hv-
8 Wisconsin State Historical Society.
STANDING COMMITTEES.
Lihrarij, Farcha^cs and Fixtures 'Rvi?,\i, Tiiiime, McFetridge,
Draper,
Conover, Burrows and Batler. Legislative Conferenec Committee
Fairchild, Keyes, Mills. Pinney, Gile?,
Brale}-, At wood, Yilas, Burrows and Van Slyke. Publication
Draper, Batler, Andersou, Atwood and Bashford. Auditing Accounts
Hastings, Mills, Allen, Anderson and Chapman. Finance ]\[cFetridge,
Van Slyke and Klaubcr. Fndon-hie.nt Rice, Proudfit, Rusk, Mills,
Van Slyke, Chapman, Bin-rows,
Johnso;', Atwood and Giles.
Literarij Fxchanges Durrie, Hobbins, Timme and Klauber.
Cabinet Lyon, Allen, Stevens, Keyes and Durrie.
iS^utural History Hobbins, Delaplaine and Stevens.
P^'inting Parkinson, Raynier, Atwood and Carpenter.
Art Galleri/ Fairchild, Rusk, Vilas, Reynolds and Raymcr.
Historical Xarratives Pinney, Orton, Tenney, Proudfit and
Hutchinson.
Indian ITistorij and Nomcn^ilaturc Cliaprnan, Butler, Allen,
Stevens, Reynolds and Grcgorj'.
Lectures and Essai/s Parkinson, Butler, Conover, Durrie and
Hutchiu- Bon.
Soliciting ComnLittee Chapman, Hobbinfi, Braley, Giles, Proudfit
and Johns^jn.
Binding Fund Draper, Tenney, Gregory and Hayes.
A.nnual Address Braley, Burrows, Pinney, Gurnee and Gregory.
MembersJiij} Xominations Bashford, Chapman, Vilas, Guruec and
Mills.
jye-Historic Antiquities Butler, Rice, Perluns, Allen, Conover
and Giles.
J^mn Committee Chapman, Carpenter and Hastings.
Obituaries Atwood, Draper, Braley and Bashford.
OFFICEIIS OF THE SOCIETY- 1SS4.
I'resident Hon. John A. Rico. Merton.
Vice- Prehidcn til lion. Ilarlou- S. Ortou, LL.D., Madidou; Hon.
Morgan L. Martin, Green Bay; Hon. James T. Lewis, LL.D, Columbus;
Hon. James Sutlierland, Janesvilie: Hon. M. M. Davis, Uaraboo;
Ciiauucey C. Rritt, Esq., Portage City; Hon. John H. Kountree,
Platlevillo .: Hon. Simeon Mills, Madison; Hon. J. F. Potter, East
Troy; Samuel Marshall, Esq., Milwaukee; Hou. John T. Kingston,
INecedah; Hon. David Atwood, Madison; Hon. ?-Ioses M. Strong,
Mineral Point; Hon. C. L. Colby, Milwaukee; Hon. J. J. Guppey,
J'orLage City; aui Fre:l. S. Perkins, Esq.. Burlington.
Honorary Vice-Presidents Hon. Cyrus Woodman, Massachusetts; F.
L. Billon, St. Louis; Hon. Perry H. Smith, Illinois; Robert Clarke,
Esq.' Oliio; Hon. Geo. P. Smith, Pluhideli)hia; Hon. L. J. Farwell,
Misouri; Hon. W. H. Wyman, Cincinnati ; Chas. Fairchild, PJsq.,
Massachusetts; Col. S. V. Shipman, Illinois ; lion. Aniasa Cobb,
Nebraska ; CoL R. T . Durrett, Louisville; and Samuel H. Hun^,
Esq., Newton, N. J.
Corresponding Secretary hymnn C. Draper, LL.D.
Recording Sec relit ry Robert :sl Bashford.
T)msurer llon. A. H Main.
JAbrarian Daniel S. Durrie.
Assistant Libra rians IsahcUa Durrie, and Isaac S. Bradley.
Curators e.r-oJicio Hon. J. M. Rusk, Governor; Hon. E. G.Timme,
Secre- tary of State; Hon. E C. McPetridge, State Treasurer, and
Hon. Alex. Mitchell, Life Director.
CURATORS, ELECTIVE. /'oroe//ear J. D. Butler, LL D., Hon. B. E.
Hutchinson, Hon. J. D.
Guruee, N. B. Van Slyke, Gen. C. P. Ciiapmau, Hon. H. H. Giles,
Isaac
Lyon, Prof. J. B. Parkinson, Hon. G. B. Burrows, and Hon. J.
A,
John.son. ^^ort ICO years Gen. G P. Delaplaine, Hon. Romaii/.o
Bunn, Hon S. U.
Pinney, Dr Joseph Ilobbins, Hon. E W. K^-yvi^, Hon. S D
Hastings,
Geo. litaymer, Hon. M. M. Jackson, Sam'I Klauber, and Hon. J.
C.
Gregory, J-'or three yrars Gcn. Lucius Fairchild, O. M Conover,
LL. D , J. H. Car-
Knter, LL. D, C(^I. W. F. Vilas, }i. J. Stevens, Piof. W. F.
Allen. Hon.
I). K. Tenney, Hon. A. B. Braley, Maj. F. W. Oakley, and Prof.
U. B.
Anderson.
2 H. C.
10
Wisconsin State Historical Society,
STANDING OCMMITTEES.
Lihrary Draper, Ilobbius, Batler, Allen and Parkinson; ex
officio, Ru:^k, Timine and McFet ridge.
Fina)ice ^lills, Carpenter, Van Slyke, Teiuiey and Cliapmau.
Auditing Accounts Hastings, Mills, Chapman, Allen and
Carpenter.
Printing and Puhlication Draper, Biitier, Atwood, Anderson and
Bash- ford; ex officio, Tiinmc and McFetridge.
Art Gcdlcvij and Ca?H"/ic^ llobbins, Faireliild, Delaplaine,
Stevens and Bunn.
Contribidions and Endowments P'airc'iild, Johnson, Tenney, Keyes
and Burrows.
Lilerarij Exchanges Durrio, Braley, Raynier, Klauber and
Oakley.
jSatural Ilisforij Burrows, Parkinson, Gregory, Van Slyke and
Bunn.
Historical Narratii-es, Lectures and E.ssajis Orton,'Pinney,
Vilas, Giles and Braley.
Xomi nation of ]\[cnihers Bashford, Jackson, Braley, Main,
Jacobs and Stevens.
Prc-lfistoric Anliquiti(s and Indian llisfoyi/ Builer, Bice,
Vilas, Giles and JClauber.
Ohitnarirs Atwood, Jiiekson, Pinuey, Draper and Basbford.
i
ur^^U
OFFICEKS OF THE SOCIETV-ISS.-).
President Hon. John A. Il'ce, Morton.
Vice-Prc- leaving an unexpended balance of S8.'21.
To tlio Binding Fund the following additions liave been made:
Donation, Geo. Plumer Smith, ^~); H. -mem- ber of the second
Wisconsin Constitutionttl convention: Mexican MS. documents of
Btistamente, Santa Anna and otliers, from Dr. C. C. Blanchard; snow
slioes presented to the late Rev. Dr. Alfred Brunson by the
Chippewas at La Pointe, Lake Superior, in l-^l-k from liis family;
Egyptian corn, grown by L. R. Scely, AVaterloo, Wis., from J. A. B.
Whitney; portion of a brass chain found near Hellenville station,
near Jefferson, AVis., seven feet below the surface, from G.
Snyder.
Since our last annual meeting, our Society has lost its hon-
ored president, Gen. C. C. Washburn. He lived a life of great
industr^^ and groat usefulness; and has left behind him a name and
memory tliat will not soon be forgotten. His life and services have
been fittingly commemorated bv our Society, as ^vill be seen in our
forthcoming volume of Collections.
THIRTIETH REPORT JANUARY 4, LS8i.
In making the thirtieth report of tlie Society's growth and
conditio)), showing an average annual increase of the Library of
o,r>vO books and pamphlets, thus aggregating nearly lii"i,OoO,
some might inadvertantly suppose that the book nuirket was well
nigh exhausted, and that we have little need of further accretions
to our literary collection^. Of the millions of volumes that have
been is- sued from the press since the invention of i)rinting,
^Nlr, Jus- tin Winsor, the Librarian of Harvard, intimates that not
more than on(>-lialf of one per cent, are in the combined
Librarie.-. of this comitry. But among this small number in our
American collections, are some of the choicest gems of literature
so rare that even European scholai'S have been known to cross the
Atlantie to consult them. Such visits will, in all probability, hv
yet more frecpient in the coming years, when learned anti(]naries
will institute exhaustive rcsearclic's into the origin, migrations,
habits, customs and
TiiiKTiET}! Report January 4, 1884. -Ji
o1)Scare, mysterious liistory of our Indian races. Every
treatise, tract and frai^ment on the subject will then be called in
retiuisition. In this age of culture and science, similar
investigations will be made in every department of human inquiry
hence the necessity, so far as our ability will permit, that our
Society should keep pace with these steadily inci'easing demands
for light and knowledge.
It is only within the past thirty years that American Libra-
ries fairly entered upon a career of earnest endeavor to pro- vide
adequate means to meet the growing wants and literary tastes of the
countr3\ Millions of dollars have been ex- pended in this direction
largely from the bounty of enlight- ened and generous benefactors.
Hitherto the East has fur- bished the Astoi'S, the Lenoxes find
others, who have founded and endowed noble Libraries, worthy alike
of the age and the givers. Such examples should not be lost upon
the West. AVe begin to see, in a small way, some of the fruits. Mr.
James McMillen, of Detroit, recently gave the Michigan University
Library 80,500 for the purchase of a Shakespeare collection of
2,5110 volumes; while another gentleman, too modest to allow his
name to bo associated with his gener- osity, contributed 84,000 to
the same Library for the pro- curement of books on history and
political science. AVould that such rare examples might be
multiplied a hundred fold, and our Society share libeially in their
distribution.
FIXANCIAI. CONDITION GENERAL la^ND.
The receipts of the year into the General Fund, including the
small balance on hand as shown by tlie treasurer's re- lort of Jan.
o, 188-'), have been s:,/)()S.:>l; and the expenditures the
same.
THE BINDING FUND.
The Binding Fund has been augmented from the usual sources
accrucil interest, s^'.m.o-i; sale of duplicate books =^>01.
;.);}; annual membership dues, ^l'2C,: H(m. Alexander ^litchell,
doiuUion, ;;>l0O;Sanuiel .Alarshall, donatit)n, 850: rent of
Texas land, s'.. 10 aggregating from all these sources, ?l,l.{L:i5,
and malcmg the present amount of the fund 811,- 414.-n.
J/,' I
22 Wisconsin State Historical Society.
I.TRRAKV ADDXTIONS.
Most of the departments of our Library have been much increased
during the past year notably those of Annericnn and local history,
genealn'j^y, American and foreign biog- raphy, magazines and
reviews, and our rapidly increasing collection of Suakespereana.
The growth of the Shakes- peare department has been more than
double that of any preceding year including :2S volumes of issues
of the Xew Shakespeare Society. The increase in our bound
ne\vspa])er files has been very limited, ha,ving had none bound
during the year; but the purchased additions include several rare
volumes of the last centur\'. A valuable atlas of American and
European maps of ]T;>S, etc., has been added to our map and
atlas collection. Oar department of genealogy and heraldry has bsen
increased .SO v^olum33; while we have se- cured 30 volumes of the
Bibliotheca Sacra, and 28 volumes of the second series of the
Pennsylvania Geological Reports.
Our Society has been fortunate, after thirty years eff jrts, in
securing a copy, with its ancient inap, of that exceedingly rare
volume Thevenot's Collection of Voj^ages, published at Paris in
IGSl, giving an account of Marquette's travels through AVisconsin
the first white traveler who penetrated our soil, via the Wisconsin
river, to the Mivssissippi, and the fu\st printed chronicle of that
primitive exploration. We have secured, by importation, a valuable
vv^ork of a similar charaxter, though of modern print, Gabriel
Gravier on the Discovery of America by the Xormands, in the tenth
century. Paris, 1S71:, 4to. Another rare volume secured is * A
Letter to a Friend," relative to Braddock's Defeat, published at
Boston in 1758.
The additions to the Library during the past year have been
1,083 volumes; of which 1,-lls were by purchase, and 5G5 by
donation; and '3,400 pamphlets and documents, of which 501 were
obtaincKl by jturchase, and the remainder, 1,7 43, were by
donation, together with ISO by mounted news- paper cuttings. Of the
book additions, o'j were folios, and 'ij'/ quirto3, increasing the
number of folios in the Library to ?>,[']]. an I the quartos to
-t,30], and both together to 7,8'50.
' .n)f '.'';.ini>;; K
Thirtieth Anxual Repoiit. 25
Oil portrait of S. ]\I. Brookes, a pioneer artist of Chicago and
Milwaukee, now of San Francisco. Presented by him- self.
Two transparencies of Keokuk, Sauk chief, and Es-en-se or
liittle Shell, a Chippewa, or Turtle Island, Dakota. Pho- tographed
on glass. Ijarge cabinet size, framed; from Jas. C. Pilling, of
tlie Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, D. C.
Photograph of the State Senate of Wisconsin, of 1883, from A. C.
Isaacs, rosewood frame; same of the clerical force of Assembly of
]SS3, from I. T. Carr, chief clerk, with rosewood frame, from Mr.
Isaacs; same of the south capitol extension building, showing the
disaster of November 8, 18S3, three views, and of the capitol
building enlarged purchased. Also photograph of the Dane county,
Wis., Bar of ISo'.i pur- chased.
Steel engraved portrait of Jit. Rev. C. F. Robertson, Bishop of
Missouri, from Bishop Robertson.
CABINET ADDITIONS.
Antiquities A small copper liatchet, two and one half inclies
long, one inch wide, found on the North Branch, of Crawfish river,
Jefferson county, Wis., from Frank Winter- hng, of Jefierson Wis.;
copper chisel with tang, five inches long and one and tlirce eights
of an incJi wide, found on John- son's Creek, Jefferson county.
Wis., H. C. McMillen; copper needle, six and a half inches long, a
copper spear, five and a quarter inches long, and an iron arrow
liead two and a Jewhall House fire, January 10, 188;j, from M. M.
Schoetz, Milwaukee.
Natural History Sj^eciwens Section of a tree petrified, found in
Monroe county, Wis., presented by A. W. Durkee; quartz crystal and
coral formations, found in Portland, Wis., from John J. Wilsey, of
Portland: a tine specimen of coral formation, found on to wn ^'8,
range 9, Marathon county. Wis., from Hon. John Ringle; Markesan
granite, sample from Pine Bluff, Green Lake county. Wis., from S.
Barter; drift copper, found on the farm of Wallace Gate, of Muk-
wanago, Wis., from Col. E. B. Gray; specimen of rock salt, from the
salt inines of Cheshire, Eng., from Thos. Hadkin- son, Black Earth,
AVis.; rattle snakes' rattles, from R. A. and F. F. ]\Iorgan, Eaglo
Valley, Buffalo county, AVis.
Miscellaneons AVar mace i)rosented by James Bardon, of Superior,
Wisconsin, given him by a Roman Catholic priest, who received it
from 'Sitting Bull," who said it was used in the figlit where
Custer and all his command were killed, presented through Professor
J. D. Butler, LL. D.; gun lock from the Newhall House fire, from
Jas. McCoy, Alihvaukee; also fused type and a small earthern dish
from same, from T. Coughlin, Mil- waukee; a flint-lock gun used by
Jacob Senior, late of Bentcn, Lafayellc county, A\'isconsin, used
by liim at the surrender of Detrcut. Michigan, and subse- quently
in tlie war of JSlx^-J 1, from AV. AV. Gillette, of Ben- ton,
AVisconsin: s])eciinen of si)indle of cotton, made at Beaver Dam,
AVisconsin, Factory, from IFF. ALarsh, Sun
f'
Thirtieth Annual Report. 27.'
I'rairic; oue of the first tacks made in Wisconsin, by C. W,
Dean, ISSo, at Evansville, Wisconsin, from Mr. Dean, with his
photograph; a framed looking glass, eleven by seventeen inches,
formerly owned by Isaac Brooks, of Fair- field, Connecticut, buried
in the ground, in July, 3 779, for j)reservation when the place was
burned by the British at that time, presented by his grandson, W.
B. Patterson, of Evansville, Wisconsin; a southern pike, made in
Baltimore^ ^Faryland, in ]sni, called the "Marshal Kane pike," with
a photograph of Confederate pikes and lances used in the civil war
in ISGl-o, collected by Captain W. McK. Heath, Phil- adeli^hia,
Pennsylvania, presented by him; a copy of Yicks- burg Daihj
Citizen, of July 2, 18G2, on wallpaper the last issue befon; the
surrender of the f)lace, from J. J. Donnellou, CJiicago,
Illinoi",.
The Society has made a purchase of 050 numbers of longlish and
American periodicals, to complete the sets in tlie Library. Bishop
C. F. Robertson, of St. Louis, has donated 'Vi volumes of the
"Spirit of Missions," to complete the set in the Library; and
General F. E. Bryant, 3 copies "Wiscon- sin Bar Association
Proceedings, 1881." A complete set of proof specimens of the
several series of postage stamps issued by the United States
Government from 1847 to 1883: also specimens of the current series
of stamped envelopes^ presented by the United States PostofTice
Department. Copper coin. Island of Guernsey, one, two, and eight
doubles, 1830 and 1831, from Peter Ozann, Somers, Kenosha f-ij. F.
\Y. Oakley 20 00
Hon. J. G. Tiu.rp 20 00
H-.n. 1). Jv. Tenn.v 20 00
Hon. M. M. Jackson 20 00
Hon. Jolm A. Johnson 2*) 00
t; .-al-^ ..r/ ' :A
32
Wisconsin State Historical Society.
Hou. B. J, Stevens 20 OO
Wayne Ramsey oq oO
Hon. Philo Wliite 12 50
Gen. John Lavvier iq qq
Hon. G. H. Paul 10 00
Miss Clara IM Stevens 5 oO
Mrs. Jj. M. Thomas ...........]... 5 CO
Geo. Plunier Smitli '< 5 PO
W.r. Sanders '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'.'.'.'. 2 00
Hon. Geo. Gary 2 00
J. B. Holbrook 2 00
C. M . Tliurston 1 50
Hon. E. N. Foster 1 50
F. T. Ilaseltine ........*.!.!!.!!! 1 1)0
H. M. Nicholson 1 qO
Dr. A. S. McDill '...'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'.'.'.'.['.['.'.[[[[['.
75
Donations $3, 209 25
Accrued interest, 1807-84 5, 350 94
Duplicate books sold, IsGT-lSS 1 2! 804 7H
Membersliip fees, net, 1867-1884 1^ 184 45
Rent of Texas land ' 6 40
Total $12, 615 83
Tlie annual increase of the Binding Fund since its incep- tion
in 1SG7, is shown b}- the following table:
Date.
Increase.
Total.
Jan. 1807
$100 00 108 10 172 73 308 5"^
Jan. 1808
$8 10 04 03 195 79 89 55 198 31 173 43 973 78 921 02
1,343 82 731 98 795 10 928 98 920 73 888 07
1,033 56 913 51
1,134 25
],2J1 02
Jan. 1809
Jan. 1870
Jan. 1871
458 07 056 38
Jan, 1872
Jan. 1873
829 81
Jan. 1874
1 803 59
Jan. 1875
7.54 (j]
Jan. 1870
4 008 43
Jan. 1877
4 800 4 1
Jan. 1878
5 5*)5 51
Jan. 1879
6, 524 49 7 445 ''2
Jan. 1880
Jan. 1881
S 333 89
Jan. 1882
9 307 45
Jan. 1883
1(1 '>79 90
Jan. 1884
11 414 21
Jan. 1885 . .
l^ 615 83
LI 1!R AR V A D D ITl ONS.
The additions to the Library during the past year have been
2,540 volumes, of which l,0(iO Avere l)y purchase, and !M0 by
'/ M'M: ( .,, '. I :;[(
ii'i. / ;,'!
Thirty-First xVxnual Report. 33.
donation and binding of newspaper files. Also 1,84") ])aniph-
lets and documents, of which 310 were obtained by pur- chase, and
the remainder, 1,475, were by donation, and 0(j by mounted
newspaper cuttings. Of the book additions 3GC were folios, and 21)0
quartos, increasing the number of folios in the Library to 4,70:?,
and the quartos to 4,084, and both to- gether to 0,380.
Among these Library additions have been quite a number of
valuable and rare Englisli county histories, in folio and quarto;
the Hakluyt Society publications, 47 volumes: Mer- cure de France,
various years from IGOo to 1770, 29 volumes,, and 10 other bound
newspaper volumes preceeding this cen- tury; Schlozer, Epistolary
Correspondence, in Germany, relat- ing to our Revolutionary war,
1770-81, 10 volumes; Royal Microscopical Journal, 28 volumes; 30
volumes of xVmerican liistorical atlases, together with large
additions to the sev- eral departments of our collection, as may be
seen by the following table of summary additions to the
Library.
We can best realize the strength of the Library by citing that
of a few of the departments: Bound newspaper files, 1,583; British
and American Patent Reports, 4,308; genealogy and heraldry, 054;
Shakespearean literature, 042; maps and atlases, 057.
LIBRARY ADDITIONS SUMMARY.
American Patents . H
Britisli i)atfMits . . . 70-
American history and travel 76
American local history 99
American Revohitiunary war history 18
American luuian^ 25
Sutte Histories and Documents 81
I nited States Documents and Surveys 197
Slavery and Civil war 88
^ 'anada 45
Ma;^a7.ines and Reviews 320
1 listorinix
New York Atlas
Same -
New York Free Enquirer
New York American
Dublin i'euny Journal
New York Chrisi jau Intelligencer
New York & Richmond Co. Free Press
Now York Ladies ]\Iorning Star
Waldie's Literary Qjunibus
Cincimiati Literary Examiner
Albany Rough Ib.^wer ct Argus
Nov,' York, New World
Washington Cam]>aign
I'rague Constitutionalle Blatte
Southern Literary (iazette
Honolulu Friend
Chambers Edinburgh Journal
Frankfort C'ommonwfalth
London Pall Mall (iazette
London Scientilic Opinion
Loudon Spectator
London IVm n'ar
London I'all'Mall Budget
London Saturday Review 1
Chicago Advance
London (;()od Templars and Watch Word
Boston Woman's Journal
lioston Union Signal ;
Harpers Weekly
j^Iancliester Alliance Ne s
l>inu'din New Zealand Herald ...
Wis
cousin nevvs])aperd
1605.1776
2!
1632-8:3
1
1720-23
1
1758-59
1
1759-60
o
1766-67
1768-70
1
1769
1
1770-73
o
1774-5
1
1786-8
3
1800
1
1803
1
1804
1
1804-5
1
1805
o
1806-7
o
1808-9
o
18C8-9
1808
1812
1814-15
1822
1822-27
1825
1826-27
1827
1828-31
1828-29
1829-31
1829-37
1831-35
1832-33
1832-33
1833-34
1836
1830-37
1839
1840-41
1841-42
184a^9
1850
1852
1852-81
1855-63
1860
1867-73
23
186S-70
1870 -80
11
1871-79
1873-75
874.-77-78
1 875-83
1876-7
1877
1877
1877-83
1878-83
lS7S>-82
1878-83
227
^'^i^ei.::r
36 Wisconsin State Historical Society.
Melbourne Temperance News
Chicaf^o Dial
Hartford CI ristian Secretary
Chicago N. "We^^t Lnmberman
Minneapolis N. Western Jliller
New York I>aldwin"s Montlily ,
Cliicap;o Kail Koad Age
New "i'ork Nation
Chicago Timoa
Chicago Tribune
New York World
New York Tribune
Chicago Stand ard
Chicago Weekly Magazine
San P'rancisco Rescue
Philadelphia S. School Times
Washinirton Congressional Record.
S78-1S88
1
1880-82
1
1880-82
1
1882-83
o
1882-8:)
2
1882-8 ;3
1
1882-83
3
1882-83
3
1882-84
8
1882-8-1
10
1882-84
1
1882-84
&
1882-83
1
1882-84
2
1882-83
i
1882-83
2
1883
5
4G5
Of this imusually large newspaper addition, 11 volumes were
published in the seventeenth century, '-U volumes in the
eighteenth, and the remainder in the present century. Our newspaper
department ranks among the ver}" best in the country there can be
but one or two, if any, exceeding it in variety and extent covering
a period of almost three centuries. Of the seventeenth century, our
bound files number 70 volumes; of the eighteenth, o:?"2 volumes; of
the present century, 0,085 making a grand total 4,583.
AKT CALl.EKV.
An oil portrait of the late Col. Geo. II. Walker, of Milwau-
kee, Wisconsin, painted by C. W. Heyd, with heavy gilt frame,
presented by C. F. Ilsley for estate of Mrs. G. H. Walker; oil
portrait of Col. Henry Gratiot, early settler of La Fayette county,
AVisconsiu, copied from a miniature by J. R. Stuart, gilt frame,
})resonted by ]Mrs. F. B. Washburne, of Chicago; oil portrait of
Samuel ^larshall, of ^Milwaukee, gilt frame, painted by C. W. Heyd,
of ]\lilwaukee, presented by ^Ir. Marshall: large cabinet
photograph of Gen. A. C. Dodge of Burlington, Iowa, gilt frame from
Kev. Dr. Wm. Salter, of Burlington: crayon i>ortrait of liev. S.
A. Dwinnell,, late of Kc'i'dsburg, Wisconsin, fran;ed, from ]\[rs.
Dwinnell: large colored lithograpb of the Battle of Ciettysburg,
gilt frame, from ^McCormick Harvesting ^lanufacluring Co.
The oil and crayon i>aintings now in the Art Gallery num- ber
I'ilt, Itcsidcs many pliotograi)hs and engravings.
TiuRTY-FiKST Annual Rei'ORT. ;}7
Coin and Currency Specimen metric gold stella, goloid dollar and
metric silver dollar presentation pieces from United States i\lint
to members of congress ]S7!i, valued in coin $G.lO per set,
presented by W. H. AVyman, Cincinnati, Ohio; two $] Confederate
notes, two SlOO interest notes, one $oO note, two 820 notes, two
810 notes, two $5 notes and one .$20 note of State of Georgia, from
Tennessee Historical, Society by G . P. Tlmrston, Nashville, Tenn.;
two dollars Ber- rien county, Michigan, note, February, ISoS, from
'M. Mullen, }*rairle du Cliien, Wisconsin: -^b and 50 cents blank
business vScrijtt of Astor, Wisconsin Territory, from J. H.
Hickcox, Washington, 1). C. ; copper piece Louis XVI., 1701, copper
token, Coalbrook, England, 1702, Wainflect half penny 1705, token
Isaac Newton, 1703; token reform bill lSo2, ten cen- times Napoleon
I, 1S02, from Matliew Croft, Edgerton, Wis- consin; Spanish quarter
of a dollar 17SG, found in Necedah, Wisconsin, and presented by Wm.
Perault, Necedah; Scents note of Blue Ridge, Turnpike Co., Va.,
Jan. 18, 1SC2, 2b cent note of Farmers" Savings Bank, Richmond,
Va.,]8G2, 50 cent note of Confederate bank, Winchester, Va., Feb.
1, 18G1, and $2 note of corporation of Richmond, Va.. April 10,
18Gl,from ^Irs. A. A. Meredith, Madison, Wisconsin.
MISCELLANEOUS.
A wheelbai row, wheeled from Waterloo, Wisconsin, 25 miles, to
Madison, Decembci- G, 18.^1, by A. J. Roach, on an agreement with
A. J. Hutchinson, that he would do so if Cleveland was elected
President, the latter if Blaine was elected fj-om Mr. Roach; cannon
ball that killed Myron Gardiner, of Company B, Second Wisconsin
Volun- teers, July 18, ]8G];he was the first three years' soldier
frcm Wisconsin, killed by the Confederates in the civil war 18G1-
"J>^'''5, deposited by Captain W. H. Harris, of Caledonia, Min-
nesota: a gun received by the Society from River Falls, Wis-
consin, donor and history unknown; a sword, two feet in lengtli,
taken from a cannon of the First New Orleans Bat- tery at Shiloh,
A])ril 7, 18G2, from Geo. F. AVinter, of Bara- boo, Wisconsin,
formerly of the Fourteenth Wisconsin In- 1
Gantry; specimens of tiie mai'o, or covering of the loins, used
j
\:0{ ,;. , /
38 Wisconsin State Historical Society.
by natives of Tahiti, Hawaiian Island, of both sexes, usually
their only garments, from Professor E. S. Holden, Madison,
Wisconsin; also from the same, Massachusetts Daily Gazette and
Boston Neics Letter, May 30, 1771; the Saltillo, Mexico. Picl-et
Guard, April 14, LSJS: a relic of Mexican war, from Hon. L. -W,
Barden, Portage, Wisconsin; a Mexican news- paper, P\'bruary 0,
1S4.-1, Montere}^ Mexico; American Pioneer of April 10 and IMay '^,
1847, and Washington, D. C, National Bepuhlican, August 3, ISCS,
from ^frs. A, A. ]\Iere- dith.
Antiquities ^tone gorget, green variegated, six and a half
inches long, fine specimen, found in town of Lavalle, Sauk county,
Wisconsin, in 1884, plovv^ed up on new un- broken land, from B. G.
Parrott, I.avalle, AVisconsin; large stone spear, fine specimen,
four by ten inches, plowed up on section in, town 11 north, range 3
west, in town of Kickapoo, Vernon county, Wisconsin, from W. N.
Carter, Viroqua, Wisconsin; ])iece of iron (spike?) taken from
Father Mar- quette's grave, 1877, from Father Edward Jaker,
Hancock, Michigan; plaster cast of large stone pipe, having a man's
face on the upper side, from W. P. Clarke, Milton, Wiscon- sin;
iron ax, cut out of a white oak tree, in town of Fulton Rock
county, AVisconsin, tree two and a half feet in diame- ter, and
found in the center, from Matthew Croft, Edgerton, AVisconsin.
Natural History Specimens Fo^sU clam large size, found near
lulgerton Creek, Rock county, AVis; two specimens of float copper,
found near Edgerton, AVis.; petrified wood and obsidian, from
Yellowstone Park, from Alatthew Croft, Edgerton, AVis.; mummied
cat, found in a building at Stoughton, AVis., between two walls,
when taken down in 1883, from Dr. Chas. Sether, Stoughton, AVis.;
two specimens of fossil fish, found in digging a well near
Appomatox, Potter county, Dakota, fifty feet below the surface,
from, John Fallows,
]\[aps and Atlases \ valuable collection of fifty-two early
charts and maps of America, in sheet form, ] 050-1778. purchased:
forty- five bound volumes of Atlases. This makes the total number
of I^laps and Atlases in the Library,
':,.,' Ci'i
Thirty- First Annual Report. -.,
ur>7, many of them of great historic rarity and value in
tracing early American settlement, and primitive geograph- ical
nomenclature. The additions this year, of the seven- teenth
century, are chiefly of French publications, at a period when
France was especially enterprising in her explorations and
cartology of Canada and Xew France, including tiie region around
and west of the Great Lakes hence Uieir great value to the
historian and investigator of the North- West.
Autographs and Jranmcripts An autograph document, signed, of
John Hart, a signer of Declaration of Indepen- dence, purchased;
autograph letters of Edward Everett to ^V. S. Johnson, dated July
25, Nov. -22, Dec. 0, and Dec. 25, 1830, also two letters of Mrs.
Everett to same, Sept. 30 and Dec. 2G, JS30, from Mrs. A. A.
Meredith; Rev. S. A. Dwinnell's manuscripts of his early history of
Walworth Co., Wis., from -Arrs. S. A. Dwinnell, Reedsburg,
Wisconsin; deed of land near Dortmund, W^estphalia, Germaiiy, on
parchmeiit^ bear- ing date M-17, from Carl Klingsholz. ^fanitowoc,
Wisconsin; manuscript record book of claims to land in Milwaukee
and other counties in Wisconsin, kept at Milwaukee 18:5:, from
James S. Buck, Milwaukee;manuscript copy of roster of em- ployees
of American Fur Co., ISIS and 1819, from D. H. Kel- ton, U. S. A.;
powers of attorney of Elisha Konkapot, of De- troit, Feb. 5, 183:,
and Lucy Konkapot of .Madison Co., New Vork, March IS, 183:, to
Robert Konkapot, of Green Bay, ^\ isconsin, to sell certain lands,
with certificate of Henry H. Sclioolcraft acting superintendent of
Indian affairs, De- troit, Mich., from Dr. M. M. Davis, of Baraboo,
Wis. ^Letter of R. F. Rising of Madison, Wisconsin, dated Oct. ^"'S
1837, to B. Shakelford of Green Bay, Wisconsin, in regard to c.
survey of road from Fond du Lac, AVisconsin, to Madi- ^^on: a
letter from Franklin Hatheway, of Astor, Wisconsin, to Hon. J. D.
Doty, relative to a survey at .Aladison, Wiscon- j^in, and of a
route from .Aladison to .Alilwaukee, via Fox ^-ake. dated Oct. 5.
183:, with receipts for work performed; also receipts of Eben Peck,
of Madison, to F. Hatheway for ^oard,Sept. li, 1837; K. F. Rising
and Hiram Penover to
4.0 AViscoNsix State Historical Society.
same for surveying-, September J 9, ]837, from Cliarles Doty,
Alton, 111.
Besides the usual Library work of the year, the sixth vol- ume
of the Library Catalogue is nearly through the press. It not only
shows the steady growth of the Library, but .proves a ready guide
to all students and investigators in their researches after truth
and knowledge. The removal of the Library into our new quarters has
been a tedious and laborious work yet one, in its accomplished
results, most gratifying to all interested in such a collection of
literature in all its diversified branches.
We can but record, with sincere expression of regret, the death,
within the year, of two of our worthy associates and coadjutors, O.
M. Conover, LL. D., who has been officially -connected with the
Society, and one of its most intelligent and unflagging workers
ever since the Society has had an existence, and whose career and
worth are deservedly set forth in this volume; and the venerable
Mr. Isaac Lyon, in his ninetieth year, Avho has for nearly fourteen
years served as Cabinet-Keeper for the Society voluntaril}^ as a
labor of love. He will long be kindly remembered by many thou-
sands of the people of our State for his unwearied attentions in
exhibiting to them the vai'ious objects of curiosity and interest
in the Cabinet.
JEAN NICOLET.
Hv F. II. GARNEAU and Rkv. ,J. B. FERLAND, with Notks By
BENJAMIN SULTE. '
Translated hij Hon. Horace liublee.
[P''roiii the Journal dc Quebec, Aim\ 20, l*oi ]
Mr. Editor: Your readers should tliank Mr. Ferlaud for the
pubhcaiion of his Xotes on the liegiHtcrs of X(jtre Dame of Quebec.
It diverts us from our political discussions, and car- ries us back
towards the glorious times when our fathers were laying- the
foundations of a new empire. I shall neverthe- less venture some
remai-ks on the daiiger of exaggeration. TJH'se remarks came into
m}^ mind as I read what Mj-. Fer- laud reports of Jeax Nicoj.et/ a
couretir cle hois, and later an Indian interpreter. In his first
function, Xicolet belonged to that class of men concerniug whom the
complaints of the chiefs of the Colony were never exhausted. They
were in- deed of a kind outside of Ian:, and irrepressible. They
were encountered everywhere from Hudson's IJay to Lake
Superior.
-^[r. Shea, in his History of the Discovertj of the Missis-
'^'J'P'y li^'^ fallen into an error through preconceived ideas,
though with a puri)Ose very laudable, as I admit. It suffices
'This trio of antiquaries are confesseily among the ablest who
have niuile iuvestisatious into the early lii.story of New France;
and tiiis discus - i'n by such distinguished writers regarding tlie
jiriiuitive history of U isronsin, well merits preservation in thi;
.Collect ions oi our S .ciety. iN'f.'rence to it and to Mr. C. W.
Butter:ield"s work on Nicolet. not tlien '"^^ueil, but which
subsequently apjieared, is made in UVs. Hist. Colls ^>ii. 1S8.
L. C. D.
' In Nicolefs time there were no courcHr.enetrated, by means
of the small rivers, lakes and portages, i as far as Lake Huron,
which \w crossed, and visited a part of the I-ake of Illinois now
Michigan of Green Bay, where ho was environed by restless and
unknown tribes; he Jean Nicolet. 45 pursued his route toward the
West, ascended the Fox river, passed by a short portage to the
Wisconsin, and thus passed upon the waters that belong to the vast
basin of tbe Missis- sippi.' He rested about forty leagues from the
Fort of Que- bec, after having seen the northern coast of Lake
Huron, and a part of the countries which compose the States of
Michigan and Wisconsin. This voyage and these discov- eries would
have sufficed to make the reputation of five or six traders among
our neighbors. The Governors had on divers occasions to complain of
the courcurs dc hois; this class nevertheless served to discover
the greater part of North America, for our voijaguers of the upper
countries were the successors and substitutes of the former. If
some of these men brought shame upon the French name, others
succeeded in establishing the good opinion that the savage tribes
long held for all that belonged to France. The talents and capacity
of Xicolet were highly appreci- ated by tlie Governors, since on
three occasions he was charged with negotiating peace between the
French and the savages, first with the Iroquois, then "with the
tribes about Lake Michigan, and, finally, in company with P.
Ragucnau, with the Iroquois at the fort of Three Pavers. As an
interpreter, he was of the rank of the founders of several of the
first families of the country. Charles Le Moyne, since Lord of
Longueil, as well as others, ac(iuired their titles of nobility by
ihe services they rendered in this capacity. The hand vvri ting of
jSTicolet, as well as his nom- ination to the position of
commissaire,' which demanded an aptitude for accounts, prove that
he had received a good education. Moreover, his marriage with the
daughter of Guillaumo Couillard, the title of Honorable given him
in several docu- ments, the marriage of his daughter with a member
of the ' We have no proof of this. Foil uu] nevor saw anything on
tho siil)ject ^x-vpt tlK- text of IVre Viinont cited above. K.
Scltk. 'N'icok't was ntver comujissaire. See my Melanges, 418. B.
Si'Lxa 46 Wisconsin State Historical Society. noble family of Le
Gardeuv de Repentigny, show the import- ance whicii Nicolet enjoyed
in the Colony. I have therefore regretted that a man so generally
es- teemed in his time, and wlio rendered such important serv- ices
to his country, shouM liave remained almost unknown among us. We
should not have to express this regret if we had had a number of
men like ]\L Garneau, devoting them- selves with ardor and success
to the study of the history of Canada. J. B. F. Fekland, Priest.
Note ox Nicolet. I have learned from the President of the So?iete
Academique, of Clierbourg, France, tliat the Nico'.et family
existed in that placi-' during tlie sixteenth century; and tliat at
the time that our Nicolet was born, tliere were several brauuhes of
the family in and around Cher- bourg. There are at the present time
no less than tlnrty-seveu families of the Nicolets in the commune
of Ilainneville alone, a place of nine hun- dred souls, four miles
from Ciierhourg, aside from those in Cherbourg and elsewhere. The
village of Delamer, whicli forms a part of Hainiieville, has DO
other inhabitants than the Delamer families the name of the mother
of our Nicolet was Margaret Delanit-r. Father Yimont's writings are
invaluable. I suspect that he "pumi)ed' Nicolet for information. In
one of his annual letters that of 1642 he nearly declares the fact.
B. fcJULTE. >r.\'>. ;H ,r I)E LLXGEllY'S EXPEDITIOX AGAINST
THE FOXES, 1728. By rev. EMANUEL CRESPEL. In the fiftli volume of
our Society's Collections, CrespeFs account was giveu as translated
by tlie late Gen. W.n. R. Smith; b it as it was not com- plete, it
is deemed proper to give the reverend Father's full text as fur-
ni^he 1 by the English translation of his travels, published in
London in 171)7. Father Crespel was a Fl niisli J-Iissionary, after
the o:der of Recollects. ]Ie came to Canada in 1721; and for his
narrative of the Fox expedition of 1728. in wluch I e served as a
clinnlain to the French forces, all lovers of Wisconsin history
must feel grateful to him, accompanied with the regret that he had
n^ it preserved many m >re details. On his return to France,
tlie ship on *\ liicli he sailed was wrecked in November, 173G, on
the desert island of Anticosti. on the borders of Labrador, where
he and his compan- ions speat the ensuing Winter, enduring much
suffering ar.d i>rivation. In June following, he returned to
Quebec, and to France in 1738. He did not probably long survive, as
his work v.as published under the editorsh'p of ln"s brother,
Ijouis Crespel, first ir German, at Frankf -rt and Leipzig, in
1751, and then an ediiiou i i French, at Frankfort, in 1752, and
another at Amsterdam, in 17.")7 thus including t'le Evglish
translation, we have four editions of this little work. L. C. D. 1
was drawn, in 17-2S, from my curacy to go as chaplain to a party of
four luinJrud I'^j'ench, which the Mar(jui.s tie lieauharnois
commanded, and who v/ere to be joined by hnined its construction.'"
Such is the language of a recent historian, who further declares
belief in any French fort near Prairie du Chien to be "one of the
mock pearls in Wisconsin history." Belief in such a post is dear to
me as adding souiething to the length of our annals, and yet I
would not hold to a delusion. The real existence, however, of at
least one French military post, near the mouth of the Wisconsin,
still seems to me pretty well pi-oved. Tlie point was one where a
stronghold would naturally be built. It was the northern limit of
the Illinois tribes, and a starting point for raids against tlie
Iroquois, who had estab- lishments near Cliicago.' It was the
starting point for all expeditions, either up, down or beyond the
Mississippi. On 'History of Ciawfoivl count}', AVisconsiii, p. 329.
edited by C. W. Butter- fit'M, a)id a papr>r ivad licfori' tlie
Madit-ou Eiferary Cliih l)y Mr. ButUnfield. S. J. Clarlvo, tilt.-
]>ulili.slit'r of the History of C^rawford county, di-claiiiis
any sliare or rt'Siioiisil^ility for the statenient.s made by ]\Ir.
Butterfu'ld. L. C. D. La rolherle, ii, p. ]33. French
Fortifications. '*' Hold the Fort." 55 Jeffreys" map of 1770, a
line is drawn from Prairie du Cliien to Omalia, and inscribed "
French route to the Western In- dians." In 1721, in a report to the
British King from the Governor of Pennsylvania, it was montioned as
one of the three great routes from Canada to the Mississippi/ and
in subsequent reports, it was remarked, that "since the peace of
Aix-la- Chapelle, 1713, the French had greatly increased the number
of forts on the rivers which run into the Mississii)pi."''
Concorning Prairie du Chien, Captain Carver, who was there in 1700,
thus writes: "This town is a great mart, where tribes from the most
remote branches of the Mississippi annually assemble, bring- ing
with taem their furs to dispose of to traders." This trafRc was
even then no novelty. It had been going on there four score years
before. As early as ]G80, La Salle had purposed to send traders to
that point. ^ If, then, French forts were early built an3''wliere,
one might Vt''ell be looked for at such an emporium as early ruse
at the confluence of the Wisconsin and Mississippi. Put in our
primitive period forts abounded. They were common among Indians,
even before the coming of the white men." La Salle on a march
usually at night set a rude stockade about his camp.- In 1(J70,
having to wait a few days on the St. Joseph for a party of his men,
ho built a fort at the mouth of ilie river.'' In 1682, he built
a'.iothcr fort near Memphis, on a bluff, where he halted only six
days, and wluTO he expected to make a still shorcei" sojourn.' iSor
does his custom of rearing a stronghold wherever he stopped, appear
to have been unusual among French pioneers. Kvery trading-house was
fortitied so far as possible. Cadet's, at the Sault, is called a
fort, by Carver. The estab- ' Colonial Rocords of Now York, V, p.
G21. 'Colonial Ilislory of New York, 11, ]>. 008. 'Parkinan, p.
2G2. M/a PotluM ie, 11. p. 9G: Parki.iairs La Salle, p. 20G;
Bradbury, Travels, 114. ''l\ukm;m. ;:US. 'Idem, p. 149. Idem, p.
277. '!,.) '.i. { , .,',1 v... i 56 Wisconsin State Historical
Society. lisliinent of Solomon JuDcau, at Milwaukee, bore the same
name. Witness a pioneer poem, which runs thus: "Juneau's palace cf
logs was a store and a fort, Though surroun 'ed hy ueitlier a ditch
nor a moat, For often this 1 juely and primitive place, Was sore'y
beset by that blood-thirsty race With whom Juneau had merL-autile
dealings." Still better may the name fort have befitted the
structure which must have arisen for such an entrepot as Prairie du
Chien. Marquette was a man of peace, but his mission-house was
palisaded.' The Jesuits, though non-combatant black gowns, in
g-eneral fortified iheir missions. TJiey also tau^^ht the Indian
how to improve his strongholds, by chang-ing circles to squai-es,
and adding flanking towers at the cor- ners.' Thus improved
aboriginal stockades were not a whit inferioi' to tiie Fort, at
Prairie du Chien, as shown on the United States map of IS^^O. The
representation of the fort on that map, which has been derided by
our anti-fort investigator, is a square with four smaller squares
at its corners. This was the conren- lional sign or ])rinter's mark
for every military work with- out an3' reference to its magnitude.
That there was really a French fort near the junctioji of the
Wisconsin with the Grand River, appears the more likely when we
consider the mdure of such posts. What was it? Lewis and Clark, on
Sept. -11, 1804, came to what they call a Frencli fort, almost due
west of Prairie du Chien, and near Council BlulTs. In their notice
of it they say: "The estab- lishment is .si.xty or seventy feet
square, picketed in with red cedar, with sentry-boxes at two of the
angles. The pickets are thirteen and one-half feet above the
ground.' Soon afterwards, Pike, going up the ^lississip[)i from
Prairie du Chien, rt-cords that the fort at Sandy Lake was one
luin- di-ed feet square, with two bastions pierced for small arms
'Parknian's La S die, p. 49. Ibid., pp. 03. 9!), 2:'.S;
I'iirk-mun's Jesuits page 308. 'Lewis & Clark's Travels, i, p.
100; Gass' Journal, p. 42. French For.TiFicATioxs. " Hold the
Fort." 57 the pickets about one foot in diameter, and squared on I
the outside.' It was no long labor to build such a defence. In
1727, the missionary, Father Guignas, vo^-aging up tlie
Mississippi, I passed Prairie du Chien, and made an establishment
on the f north shore of Lake Pepin. He wrote in his diary: "The !
day after landing we put our axes to the wood. On the I fourth day
following, the fort was entirel}' finished." - I On the thirteenth
of March, 16S2, La Salle's men^ near 1 the mouth of the Arkansas, "
threw up a rude fort of felled I trees in less than an hour." '' I
Lest it should be thought that Prairie du Chien is too far I west
for us to expect to discover a French fortification there, \ let it
be noted tliat before 1724, Fort Orleans had been built \ hundreds
of miles up the Missouri, iiear the mouth of Grand I River.' i On
the whole, every one familiar with the habits of French I pioneers
in the wide West, v/ill admit that many forts must \ have been
thrown up by them i}i emergencies, and then I have perished without
their names ever being put on record. f "They had no poet, and they
died." f Even in the absonce of all evidence then, it would appear
f a bold assertion that tliere was never any French military I post
near the mouth of the Wisconsin, unless "some official f Froncli
document can be discovered giving an account of I such VN^ork, or
some traveler jnentions it." But is all evidence of a French fort
at Prairie du Chien lacking? P>y no means. In the American Slate
Papers regarding Public Lands ' ^ve read tliat on February 25th,
1818, Hon. George Robert- son, from the Committee on Public Lands,
reported to the House of llepresentatives, that "in the year 1755
the Gov- ' Pike's Travels, App. p. 38. * Shea's Earh/ Voiingcs Up
and Do^vn the ^fissif^sippi, p. 172. ' I'arknuin's La Salle, 278. *
Davis & Durrie's Hist. Missouri, pp. 11-12; Dr. John MitclieU's
Conte:>t "* America, \\ 19G. * "^'ol. iii, p. 3-ii. 5-11. C.
Tr--' ,1 I. 'I 58 Wisconsin State Historical Society. eriinient of
France established a military post near tlic mouth of the
Wisconsin." The report to Congress was based on information given
by a Government agent wlio had visited Prairie du Chien, and
gathered up testimony on the spot. According to the oldest
inhabitants^ some of whom had resided there well nigh from the
close of the Revolutionary war, it was only during that contest
that the French fort was burned. It is argued by our sceptical
annalist that this fort was an ordinary log house. It seems to me
more proi)erly named a fort. It was so named by almost everybody
known to have been acquainted with those who had seen it. Among its
stores were no less than three hundred and sixty bales of fur, and
as a rule every fur factory was fortified. It was defended by a
body of armed inen, as forts are wont to be. But, says our skeptic,
it was built on the site of a pre-his- toric fort, and tlie works
of mound-builders passed for those of the Fre]ich. Such a site was
fitly preferred, and such works became French when used as
foundations by the French, and incorporated into works of their
own. Baptize an old Jupiter, and he becomes Jew Peter straight-way.
Early tradition at Prairie du Chien reported a French fort burned
there. Skeptics concerning the existence of such a fort hold that
tliis tradition g]-ew out of the burning of a certain log house
there. But there is no evidence that the house in ciucstion was
burned at all. Their only witness in the matter simply says that
certain bales of fur which had been stored there were burned. The
store-house was occu- pied by friends of those who arc supposed to
have set it on fire. Such an incendiary supposition is
unreasonable. Or the log-house may have been fortified, and so
styled a fort. J. Long, traveling in 177S, north of Lake Superior,
says: "The house of Shaw, a trader on Lake ]\ranontoye, miglit very
properly bo styled a fui-t, being secured by high pick- ets." ' But
evidence is at hand of French forts near Praii'ic du Chien before
1755. ' Long's Travels, p. G."). :;. ( FiiENCH Fortifications. "
Hold the Fort." 'ji>^ Early in the eighteentli century, tlio
Indians of the Xorth- West, as tlie Canadian Colonial Company were
informed, svere endeavoring to open commerce with the English on
the lower Mississippi. Thus the directors of this Company were led
in 1701 to dispatch agents to Callieres, the Cana- dian Governor,
in ^Montreal, with a plan to thwart this trade. This plan consisted
in estahlishing posts at the mouth of the Ohio, on the Wisconsin,
and further up the [Mississippi among the Sioux. It was argued,
tliat if the Indians found in these places sometliing to satisfy
their needs, and the French whom they loved, they would abandon the
thought of going among siraiigers. The necessity and usefulness of
such establishments were clear to the Governor, and though he felt
forbidden by a royal order to license their organiza- tion, yet he
declared some such measure to be urgently de- manded, and tlie
authorities in France were so informed,' They may have followed his
advice. But there is reason \ to think that even before the opening
of the eighteenth century, forts had been erected by the French,
near Prairie du Chien. Regarding an earlier post there, onu of my
authorities is La Potherie, who, before tlie year ]v()2, had
completed a work in four volumes concei'uing Xcw France. The
portion concerning Canada lie vv'rote first, and that from personal
knowledge, and desired to penetrate six hundred leagues into the
interior. " Lacking health and leisure for such an enterprise, he
mo.de the most careful inquiries,'' as the mis- sionary Bobe, his
contemporary, testifies "from the Indian cliiefs who came from all
quarters to Montreal to dispose of their furs, and was informed
about whatever he relates with the utmost accuracy and
thoi-oughness, by Nicholas Perrot, ^vho, for more than forty years
before, had been the princi- pal actor in all that had'taken place
among the aborigines f^f iheFar West\ The nari-ativc of La Potherie
is that [in lOSo?') the I\Ii- ^f;""i;ry, v., pp. 17.'), 302, *Ui
I'otlierio, iv., \>. 2CS. 'Tailhan, p, :m. .1 , . ,. Ml 60
Wisconsj:s State Historical Soctety. \ ; ^mis, whose villages lay a
few leagues below the month of I the Wisconsin, came, forty strong,
to Green Bay where j Nicholas Perrot had arrived as Governor of the
Is orth-AVest. } "** They begged him to set up his establishment on
the Mis- i sissippi, and near the Wisconsin, in order that they
could i . sell their furs there'. I SPor gaining his consent they
brought him presents, a I i'-beautiful specimen of lead from their
region, and each of . * v.the forty gave him four beaver skins'.
The ]\Iiamis had undertaken this embassy because they , - had
previousl}'" been forced to sell peltry cheap, and pay ] '. | I who
were waiting for him there, and he also discovered and ^ I tested
the lead mine, twenty leagues below which forage.- -after was
called by his name.' . Vol. II, p. 251. I "'LaPotherie, ji, 2G0. |
'Oil lour ])rojiiit de s\'t;il)lir dans viiigt jours au dossous de
la rivloi'- ^ d'OuiskoTiclie. I 'IVetablissenifiit de Porrot se fit
au dc^sous d'Ouiskoiicht', daus une situ- | a,ti;e on l^ake
WiiiiiL- b g- himbermaii, viii,401, U),' Car.ev, I'r. 1). W.. v,
3IG. CaiJies, William, in Bl.iek Hawk war, ii.3l9, 370, 37-'.
(J.t.ney, N'. 1''., early Juneau cjunty settler, vii, 381. C iriK
ijier, , early Juneau ci.auily settler, vdi. 4)0. Carpenter, F. B.,
sketch of, bi. G','. Caip-nLcr, iiemy, early Kiiiiberman, viii,
:.U0. Ciirienter, Alalt 11., ix, 3l],3")'l,38). Carpenter,
liiehard, early li-.ieiae settler, vii, 3.'.j. Cii-peiiter,
l;obert, in Barstow's cavalry, vi, 11 -.i. Cupeiiter, S. P).,
Wisconsin writer, v, 171; vi, 1 1 .'. Carpeiit-r, Ste)ilieii IL,
sketches of, viii,i."J, 84 8G,8S-9 1,108,471. Cair, Pn f. F. S., on
John W. Pliint, v, 30,40. C.ur, Spencer, eurlv clergyman, 1.^,419.
Cair, W. P, early Juneau couniy settler, viii, 3'iO,381. Carri ,
Sabrevor de, a French ofticer, vii, 3 17; Carroll, early French
trader, iii, 'iiin.-r, .ImUe II, C . viii, 4i 0, Skinnel-, Jidiii
li,, eai ly miner, vi, KI3, 112. SI. inner. .M.a-;aii L , i.\-.
4.2, I .3, ^kiniU C'love, or .Ml, I'leas.inl, \ i. 110, 120. S,
link -kill, an Iiidi ui hadi^e, v, r.'5 SI ill -r, Kcv. r,. 1''..
on prehiuoric ci.ipiicr iniplelilenls, \:ii, 152-101. Slaii-hler,
(ii'..!-.- II., cailyjiane county setller, \i, 311.", lOi).
Slau^'lilei, Widiani 1!, enrl\- Dine c. If selll r. iv. Is;. ISO;
\i, :;07-100, 4^7: \ii, 70; ix. 13, ; .K, hi, .:;2. Sl.i\er\-,
elloi'!-, I.ir, in Illinois, vii, 208. 200, :;i3 310, SkiNeiv I'l'
I'.iwiiees, in Wi-cousiii, vii, 158, iw", i;i) Slo.ui. lihainar (.'
, \ i 80, Sniiri, I ..Lie ,iiid Uich.ird, early Wai.kcsha
sell!,-!-,, i, l.J,-, Sine id, !1< race, a jd nieiu-, ii, 2J(.
331. .Siiullinu lead, proci'ss of. \ i, 2s5 287. Sniet, J, I', lie,
died, ill. 130. Smiley, |),, i- illy ,Jaiies\ide -,ul,-r, vi, 4:i3.
Sinilli. . Icille I ill IJIack llauk w.ir. ii, 113; iv, 311 315;
\i. 111. .s'ni ih, A. 1),, earlv supreme court jiid.i^e, iv, 107; v
172. Slid h, .Vdam, early Vawti cuunly selller, vi, Im'. Smith, A.
Ilvair, caily JaiRsvdli.- siller, \i, .33; ix. 114. 415. .Siniih.
Allans us, cai ly Waluorlh c uinty selll -r, \i, 100. Siiiitli,
l;eiij:imin, early (.irecn May scuKi-j \ii. 211, Smilli, c. 1!.,
early Juneau county selller, N ii', 3i'0-3;0. Sndili. Du. r, early
Wahvortli cinml v scltkr, VI. 450. Smith, Ind^e S., early (i.ilelia
settler, \i,2;9, 201 Sleidl, l/elll. !:. hllliy, I ". S. A,, \in,
o05- Sniilh, Ceoi^; , c.il ly Slieliy-an Sillier, iv, :;;! ..
Snddi. (ieoi ee 1;., ,,11 11. S. Ikurd, \ il, 433- l-iO; in lie nil
ri nil, \'i, lOS 1:10, releiences I'l, V, 17;: i\. 111, l-'l. Lis
Siiiilh, CM^:nr^i: b'., i ai l> I_j4'sl diT, \ i, 3SS, 300.
Sniitli. Majir Heiirs', iiolici>, of, v. 201,202; "U lilacK
llawi> w.\i\ .v, 1,50-1.57. Sndlli, Is:iac, on early seilLinent
of Icoek eoniiu-. vi, 410. Smith, C 1 .1 , coiiinr.indant at
Circeii IJay in 18^0, ii, 117'. 550' Wisconsin State Historical
Society. Siiiitlt, J;im(>s, siKii'i' of DL'clarulioii, pi-r-
trail uf, x. :5'j;M. .'.'.I'l. Siiiitli, .laiu.-s, .-aiU (I li'MKi
srlll r, \i, .r./J, biniili J.HL-i>on, ui lllai-k llawl; \\ar,
\i;, ,M3, Snulh, l.t C^>1. Jcrfiiiiah. x, ITa. tiuilli,
Jcifiiiiali, .)r, cailv li K'-^l'ili'i-, \i, S'.r.. Kinilli. Jufl,
early Ualworlli cuumI)' ^clici, vi, iM. Siiiilli. John, caily
Juiicau cuiinlj- Mtilir, viii, li'iH. yiiiiil;, Ji.liii A ,ix, iCl;
X, Hr). Biiiilli, John Y . on iii-i;nii of An oricaii lu- ll i,in.
iv. 117-1j1; oh Klca/cr \\ illianis lunl tlie lust |iii ICO. vi,
ur, .'.U8-31.'; sU t. li ot lln- )itV of. vii.-l.")','-45'.);
niisci llaiiouus r.-fert-iiccs 'to. \ i, .-i-S. v.i, ;.'ll 41.1
4l'r-i\ viii, 3U4 Smith, Col. Jo.st-i)li 1-.. U. S. %., vii,
i!l."i. Sinilli, I'K'f. O. K., viii, -400. iSinilli, Patiick,
oarlj- Juneau settler, viii, 'Mi.' t-niitli, I'rriy II., vi, 'M.
tjniitli, Kev. lienbtii, eaily Beaver Dam c'leij,'vinaii, i i 33,
IbJ. Siiiilh, Lir. S. C'(jni|>tiin, viii, 41?. Sm 111, Seuall,
ix. Ab5. iSinilh. Syl\e>ti-r (.J , early Walwrrth 00111113-
settler, vi, IW, -I'iS. yuiiili Truman, L,, i arly Blihvaukee
settler, i, 131. Smilh, C.I. T. W.. X, IVl. simili, (ien. W. 1-'.,
ix. .'i7;2-3r5 378. ISiniih, Win., e.irly Kriiu.sliii county
settler, slc.-teh i.f.x, -175 tbiiiitli, Williaiu K, governor of
Wi.-consin, IX. -410. Smith. (Jen. Wm. K,a \\ihC'in'iln wiiter,
iii. M. 401; V, 171; vi ;il, .Ri'J. 413; vin. IMS; i\. 387; history
(f Wiseunsin cited, ii, 74, ;.',' J, y-Jl,3J8, 313. 3I'J, 3,j8.
Rii.hh, Winliell, X, 1.'>1. taiiiyih. (jell. , at I'rairie du
Chien In IblO, ii, 1:^7. R'S. Siiake-cliarmiiif?. v, ~'8J. iSnellii
g, Jostjiii, at rraiiie du Cliien iu 18;7, ii. 1C5. b'n.lhii '.
Col. Josiah. ii, 132, 133, l.'-.4. 1,5'i, 1C5, 1(111. 330; V, G5,
1:J'J, 141, 14;!, l.VJ, 154, 401; viii, 2r,9, ;,'i.O. Snt-lliiiK,
William J., ini AVi-eoiisin history, V. (i.^, Di, r^6, 121;, K'J,
HI, l.j:>, 15J; vni, ^JjI, Snow slonn, big, on Ked rivtr of
N'urlh, ii, 191, 1'J','. Snvder, Dr. , at Mineral Point in ISxiO,
ii, 331. Sm der, Capt. AJnia \V., in IJlack llauk wai-, ii. 35 J.
Snyiitr, William, viii, 471. Soaji'-r, A. D., eai ly Monroe county
SL'ttlcr, iv,3'Jl. Soft '^l.i) le river, Indian name of. i, 100
Soldiers' orpli iiis' hu/ne, 01 i ;in of, n i, 7ii-78.
Si'l>uiii|4i. i\, 4 :'( .-liears. M hirl, i.,rl\ 1 lilnia sett
ler, \ 1, .'77. .'^peel, :\|irli ,ei,-keleh (.f,.\, 181, IK") Sim
li, l./ckiej Ii , .-ketelii.f, x. 4-0. S| eiii-.T. Iiinris, in BUn
k llauk war. ii, 311, :il.-. .;.,.) 351 30(1, 307, 37.5.3^3,381;
vi,40l. Siii'iKrr, (apt Th iiiia-, i.x, 4.0. S| 1 td.p, a Siini\,
V, 137, 139-141. ^pi.oii.-r. ,le.liilh,iii, eai'ly Walwoitli i'
lunty settler, vi, 4.53, 175 .SpiMiner, 1'. L., supreme com t
leiiorter, v, 172; X, 4,58. SiMion 'r, W.v man, viii, 411 Spocji-,
.\dol| 1ms, t ally \\ ahvurih cmmty set- tl r, VI, 4.3, 4 0,4;5
Spoor, J. >., early Walworth comity settler, vi.402. Spolt d
Arm, a Winnehago cliiif , viii, 271, 272, ^iO; x, ^^5-1^0 189, 190,
ml. Spiitled .Xiin, a ^\imiel).it_'o village, vii. 291. S
.rague.Klw. i:., x, 429-30, 417, .-^laMeiie, Will. B . aiiio.;iapli
eoil-'ctiin, x, 375-381, 3S3, 38i), 400, 424, 431,440, 4 12, 507.
Sp iiig Di'ir, or (.'--coc-ton, an Ott lua, vi, 105, 100.
Spriiiglield.lll., in 1822,1,9.5. Spr I g I'rairie, Waluorth
county, \i, 1,50, 408; viii, 370. >(pia\v pi iiit, or Wiiuieiiu
ili. vi, 318,397. .^ipiaw pi-airie, llliiioi-, \i, 451, 451. .^q
lire.. U. W., X, 505-G. Siacy, Dr. .ioliii, e.iil,- leacher, \i,
4511-4'JI. Staml.:iugh, (' 1. Samuel C^, i, m'; d, 132-110;
iii.x:93--95: iv, 1S5. 18ti; vi, 3, 331; \ii,2J8; viii. 270
312.313.3-4. Stanley, Abi am K., sketch of, iii, C4. f taiin',
Henry D., ix, 448. Siarr, Elislia, early early ."Milwauk -e
settler, iv, li., 258, 2m0. Stair. Henry, in lllaek Hawk war. vii,
'-"95. Starr, Ira, early Walwuilh county s'tller, vi, 452. Starr,
Willi im. ix, 431 Starved rock, lllini i-,ix,119. Staidfer, 1).
McN., x, 375, 085, 393, 130,410,443, 4 15. Steiidmaii, S,las, early
Sheboygan settler, iv, 33S; iv:, 391. Si ea 111 In. ats, early,
11,94,95.1.52, 4 3.421,411; v, 214,210,201.273, vi, 27r, 278;
vm.3;5, x,79. Slebl)m ::: :. .i. IM. -in. S(r\ fii-; I'l'in:. i,
I-,'.'; i i. 1 lu. Stew lit, , uil.i- I i.y linlian-i.v. 1 IS. ,^t
wait, llM. early \\ i.u.iL-s:ia s-;lli.iii. a New tj.aius agent,
\.i ,41;, 4-,'5 13S,41l-4ll Stre ss,'uth. W i hel'ii.ear'y New
Olarus cl^r- {,'Vmaii,\iil. 4J1, 4J.J 4.7. 4 ',3, 431 43S. ftiii
kl.iiid. U, \V., mills at I'leso.ti, i.i.4(!3. fct od.-. C'cl.
.James M,, in Ula.k liauk war, V, 287,289. X. 170,200, Stroi g,
& McCart.iey, 'iJioneers, viii, 47ij. 477. Stronu. Cliiuiicey
U., early Juneau county St ttler, \iii, ;j'Jl. b'tiMiig, Jl'is's.
tr-olo;;i-!t. viii, 401; ix, C7. 73. Stio ig. Moses SL, on
VViscoii.siii Indian wars, viii, 241- 28 J; luibcellaueous
r^fereuces to, iv. 8S T.I2; vi. 31S, 3riS: vii, x'MJ, 3'J.'. 409,
440; i\. 37^ 131. 13.'; x. 04. SiVb.S. Stiiii,' liiiinnl.or L
>ii;i-u.c-eiii e', a (Jliip- I civa chi. f. V, 4il0.4Jl. S:r .p
, :\1 iicT, i\-, 4:)l, S ivKer. .1 M . c.ih K'-n.-iri ->'ill.-r.
iii,:=Hj. ^:.;-U.. .1 !ia. eirl, .>!..... v. 1. ii.i>-i
n.irr, .\ !")> i;i S...'. i. i: ! ;;.. 1' i:a' .\iu :.,>:.
I'l;,- c>\.i\. - 1 ." \ 1 J,li;>-, Sii-r ir C'lei-k d
^"-jiiius, v, ;ii; ; mi, JJI, 2;i.', 29."). SuL;ar Crei-k iirajiie,
vi, 449. Sa iivaii. J lin U , earlv survejor, vii, 119. Sully.
Kohert M., painter uf Indian poi traits, 11. 12. 17, 4J, 47, 51,
03. Sully, Tlmmas, ear y artist, li. \K 50; iv, 11 J. .~ulo-, I
eiijamin, on Jean Nicolet, viii, bl, Ib8-I91; IX. 107; x, 41;
lef.-iences to, 3ii4, 372. Summd, Juneau c lint v. i, l:j8; vid,
3!)3. Sumner, Capl K, V.. U. S. A., 3' 2. 3;i Sundown, .John, alias
John Denny, an Uueida, ii, 417. .Sup'-rior citi', a jiaper town of
]83),vi, 478. Sup:'rii r. Like, c lunlry of, iv, I'Jl; c.vplora-
lioii of X, 294-;98. SiipzTior, Sia e, ti he callel, x, 80. Sill
dam. W. 13., eaily Jun-au county settler, viii, 3S0, 3S1.
Sutherland, Jas., on eaily Wisjonsin, x, 2i0- :-91. Suth.'ilaiid,
Thos. W, x, 78. Smihim. .lohu v.. e.irly Urem IViv settler, ii,42r,
iv, 108; VI. 307, i90,391,3'.)7 ITS. Suydam, Mrs. J. V,, early
Uieeii Lay settler, IV, 1L5; \ii,2'j4 Swam|i and oveitl iwed I
inds, vi. 8S-90. Su .111, Mose-:,e. lily Indian ti aJer, mi,210. ,
i Swan lake, viii,3l2, Swciiiev, ,lohii, ix, 453. Sweel. U-ijit. ,
eai l3' Sheboyg;ui settler, ix, 39.. Sweet, , ill Black Hawk war.
ii. 3rj9 Sw.'et. Alauson, early Mi.w auKee sei I Irr. ii,
18.48,479, iv, 2-0, 2ol,~75; \i, 390, 3;i4, 39.J, 43 J Sweet,
(jell. Lenjaniin J., vii, 400. Sweel, Claries, early iiimljeriuaii,
viii, 403. Swer t, Ireeliorn, ix. l';2 Siveetskiw, .lohii, eany
miner, vii, 291. Swine and slieep introduced into western W
isL'Oiisin, ii, 17 1. Sw s-i c-loiiy of New (.ilaru-, viii, 81. 4'
1-4 15. Sv,er, , eailv Milw.aikee sei tier, iv, 201. S\ eaiiiore
creek. 1,71.83,98, x, 1.58. .S\ 1 .e--ter, William, .'i pioneer,
vii, 214. Symingiou, C.ipt. John, vi, 359. Taft, Lucius, early New
London settler, .iii, 479. Tamier. l'/."kiel, early I'r trie dii
Chieii set- tler, ii, 1.7: V, 2 l,2ri,2i"). Tahalerro. M \.
Lawreiiee, In.liaii agent, ii, Kii: V, Ml. 'lal niadg.;, Oov. N.
l'., ii,304; v, 311, 374; vi, 373. Tallman, William A., ix,
4.'7,4.'8. Talon, i .t.ju hint of New l.r.inee, i i, UW, 101, lu3,
119 Tai k, .Mrs. C L A., v, 10.'-104, 100, 1(;7. Tank, mio, oi Fox
i i er Imp. eo., ii,499. Taniur. f'.dwa'-.l, m W i.scoii.-^iii m
18i8, viii, 249,287-292,475. ^''aiiier, J nil s, eulv missiomry, vi
i, 475. T.inn,'r, J hn, Imli.in c iptive. \ iii,475 Tasse, Jo eph,
on Lai glade, v. i, 3, 77, 123, 405; refereiicv^ to Ue Vil.ieis,
vi.i,207. Tasbimaujuiiy, an liidiau disli, 1, CJ. 552 Wisconsin
State Historical Society. Taverns in earlv tiiiu-, i, 130, U'\ U\,
Wi. 11."); iv,--ir)G. Tavil"'-'l ''! ' '. -"'' -'^'' , , , ,! Tiiy
i-li '-iHM-.ili.thr Four Lakf oniiil ly, \, M. Tav-f-iii:ili. X, 1
1, Taylor, Alfiv.l I'.., n', i'-'- Ta>lui-, Jii.lt," I'-ivi I,
iv,3Sr ^^ Tiivliir. rr llrr, vi. 452, 401; \ii!,3;u. Taylor,
Hii-lianI Con \Vi-rons ii ii, omuls, iv,3.10,3i;8; ri-funvd
to.x,:!.. T.ivior, st-i>ii''ii. ii'iy "i-ii.T oil ^\i-;;"",:''''
ii :21'.) 1M> I'.iO; iv,'.i:;,iil. -.iAi/it:: vi,-,'ll'.l,o03;
\i,i,0-j,t.3, 101; LV, 100, 1114. X. 3r.r,4'.l..-0. Ta\la-,
William, caily Jma-:iu coiialy srl- tlfr,viii.3l)l,;Wi. Taylor,
William U., Kovomor ft U i>cons:n, iv.34J. .. . , Tivlor .ol.
Zuliarv, mmlary scrvuv-;. r, iv, IHl; V, 2^0; vi,.3','3, 3SS,
;i:':!, :;.!";; v:i. 401; x,'243. ' , . .
Te-sh.-siiint,'-;,'i-l>av, a rlui^iu'W.L eliiet. ix, Tel'e lie
Cliieii. or l).->;;".s Head, a \Viimeli.i-:.> (hi -f, IX,
300. Tluuiies l):.lt'e,iv,3i;0 oVO; x.'.iO Tliateher. 15. 1!., X ,
37;-). 3S0, 3-1. 3!)S. (12. Tlinver, Edwin, early Imiibmnaii, \ in,
400, Tliebalt, or Tlii4i.aii. Jesepn, early Koc; e..uiity settler,
\ 1,422 421. Tliioeaii THieail or Tibaiili, .VU-'ii-nn. eailv
(irecn'liavsetil.r iii. Jr2.2"3; x. 13;, 138, 140 Thi-rinan,
U-or^^-, fnrly M.el;o.\ .uaii si tiler, iv. 3 0. Thir.l lake,
Iiali.in vilhi^'e al, x, , I. Thomas, a Mel... moneeehi.l. ^ee
lomah. 'Mr. in IS, a >^ac eliiel, ix. 21:.. 2 !. , 2.i I, -, i .
'llionias, C-ipl. . ni L'4;Kk ilawk war, v, 2.SU. Thomas, .\. 1) ,
\i,41S. Ti.omas, Ci.l. .J..nr-s, armv eoi lri(.'loi-,i, 1').
Thomas, John K . on ^hehuy:;a.i c .aiil,\ set- tlaiu-nt. iv,38'J
3'.il'.. , ,> , , Thomas, J. T ami -..U.nio'.i, early ^\alwollh
e.iiiiiiy set tier, \i, 417.4 IS. Tiiomas, laei.t. .Martin, al
i'.aiiie da (Jiien, ii,100;"vi,2'.)0; viii,2l'.0. Th an IS, O. 1!.,
x,34r-3r)0. Thoiins, Sarah, IX, 410. Thomas, W. It , \i 112; \ in.
4.''>1. i'yi. 'I'homas, Dr. Will. am M., ix, 4;l\ Tlaanpsoii,
Daniel, eurly Wankebha settler, i, l;37. Tlioinp-ion, Col. Isaac,
vii, 4C8. Thoiu[is.in, .James, e:irly ijalemi settler, vi, .80.
Tli.impsoii, ,1. Im IS, 413. Th lup-'ii. l-imis, .;ii ly On en I!ay
.setlh r, .II, J II. 212; \ih, 403 Tlhi.ip o 1, Kol erl, eaily
Neie.lah settler, viii, tOi. Th..ins II. Cha-;.. X, 40i;, 111.
r;it..ii. M.-iU, raie aUto,;,'raph of, x, 3-1; |M.riiarL ..f.
:!'.i2 Thorpe. Klihii. e;uly bheboyK-.iu s.^tll. r, iv lil.t 'I'll,
.-ill , eaily Walworth camty .-.llh-r, I xi l.r,. 1 Tlir..e..m'
r.on < '^iit. .lolm. in Ll lek Hawk I \u\i: \, 3.-l-:i'3; x. 222
.71. : Til. hells, , e;uly Walwoilh comity -. lllci; VI. 4-3.
Ti.les ill Ihe l.ik.s, i, G2; vi, IC'.I; vn.23i),2 ,. l'Ji;loi\ (i
-oi'^-e (I ,eally .Mr walikee si-lller Till iiiv.l'r. (' . ..Illy
Wahvorlh eoimty set- tler. vi.ir.S 471 , 17.") Tiltoii. lr.iiii.,x,
];i-.ih,e:uly Walwarth canity set- I ll.T, \i. 117 . . I T reh.or
M:imb.-;m, lake, linlian name ol, 1, I 111 I T,,l. ins,
1.1-24,12.". ... T. ii-lee,T ,.'ailv Ke;i.-.^ha s.-tH.-r, Ml 1:1. {
|-,,.M,..,.i,a, , 111 ]!i:u-k Hawk war, 11, :)I0, 1 3;:i
T.iVMi-eiid, .\.. A., e.'.ilv I.a 1-avette county s. ttl.i-.-ieii h
ol, iil.r.O; i,-, l'J.5. Toxsiis.'ImI, I>. L , \-:. 43s.
4o.M.-eu.l,l''r.in. i- H..sk. tch ..f,x,4Sl. To\\-l.v, W alias,
earlv Kei,o-ha s tt'.M-. 11, I.">1, 4"'0, 408,47), lia, I7'J;
iii,37;,3i3,3.S,3,9, 40.->! 100. , . ^ .. Tr icy. M. de. ^;ei
.-lal and viceroy v.L ^e\^ Fiaac.-,iii,100, 101. 'Ir.ale, eailv
linlim. S.-- Fur ti;ide. T,,un, H. {'.. .'arlv Keiio-l,, Mtilei;
111 102. Trao or Dea^i Kill, river ai.d r.ipids, Indian I
ii.lii..-ol, i. l-.M. 122. I 4',e .li -: s;,.,. h..|i.in tr. ;. IS.
175. Tullis I'. 11 , v,i. 1,-, I. Tu|'|M_-r. Il.ir\t3', t-arh'
\Vah\urtli cnuiilj- set- IMT. M. 4 U Tim l.c)- 1 ivi i'. Jumm. ix",
'M7. ;.'10, r.'iS TunitT, Aiisi.u, (.ally \V,il>voiiii oouiit}-
si-t- tlc-r, VI. -IJS. Tun (T. Cli .il'-s W., carlv ICcii' slia
M-ti:)/!-, ii, l.jl, i'M' r.'.): i i. iVi-y^H. .i'.iG. 4I'J.
Ti:rn.-i-, i :![,]. H^ ii; v. i\, 110. 'J'ljiiic-r, i'rof 11. J.,
iii:ly J .n./-,\ illu Uai li-r, V, {;;. 'Iiir j.ei-, J.. ( ailv
li'iiil"'! Ill in, ^lii, 1 '1 'iunii r, Jciliii. rarlv Man^io.-i
e.li.i r, \iii, 06?. 'I'liiiit-r. ()r>;uii:i.s viii A',\J.
Ti.rtlecM'ck, i.v, 5'i, (i;.'. Tmllf Urt-i'k, idwii ol'. viii 370.
Tuttle, , .'ariy Indian U-a.k-r. vi, ~'7.j, ;:J80, x;h;i Tuei'.lv,
Jclni H., early .Milwaukee hittl.T, i, 131; iv. >.->?, 'S::k
Tu iii^s. M i. iiaviil )'... i. 101: li, x.'.53; iv.r.G- INU;
vii,31.ti, 3i'."i; viii, iJOii, 310, ;j7a. Twill Hi; T\ler, H.,
early Jiiii'-au county leaelier, \iii, Ulrick. Pi. ire, or
Willijek, x, 137-1 10. Uuderuoud. William (J, early ^\allwat(lsa
settler, vii, -HI. U|)liuiii. I) A. J., ta-lv 51 I\v:uikee
.-ettler, iv, lii: ;r)5. 2b7. \iii. 4,70, 4tiO Upiiuiii, Ne\\e.l,
earJy Mieboygaii sutller, iv, 340. U.siiek, %V. W., early La
Cro.s^se settler, iv, 3.^5, am. Utter. H. and O. J., eurly
^\ahvnrlh county settlers, vi, 148. Vail. , early ;\Ii;waiikee
laveiiidvcener, i, 127; i^ -Su. Vaher. li shop De St., v, 87.
Valhy, Alltoine. i.v. 4.Vi. Van Bunker, Jlobts. early lumberman,
%ili, 399. Van Clevo, Lieut IL V . U. S. A , \ii. ;)73, lC:i. Van
de H' K'lt, aiieluul, early Keno.-lui .-el- tler, iii, 379. Vi. u
der ,\ eulen. Key. K. .J., v. 11)7 US. Vail Hyke, N.. r p.,rt .
uC'.irvei f,' ai t \i,;>17. Van ]\later, , eailv Indian tr.ulei,
vi, 411. Van Matre. J Im .J, i.v, 450. Van Metie. A 1'.,
early
