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ISC’11
June 21nd, 2011
Motoi Okuda
FUJITSU Ltd.
Fujitsu‘s Technologies to the K Computer
- a journey to practical Petascale computing platform -
ISC’11
The Next generation supercomputer project of Japan
“The K computer ”
Design concept of the K computer
Our technologies applied to the K computer
Preliminary performance figures of the K computer
Toward post 10PFlops era and Exa-scale computing
Conclusion
Agenda
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED 1
ISC’11
History of the K computer project
Project officially started mid of 2006
System installation started in Oct. 2010
Partial system started test-operation in April 2011
Full system installation and adjustment will be completed by middle of 2012
Official operation will start by the end of 2012
Application software projects are also running concurrently
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
Next-Generation Integrated Nano-science Simulation
Next-Generation Integrated Simulation of Living Matter
Conceptual
design Detailed design
Prototype,
evaluation Tuning
Production, installation,
and adjustment
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2001 2002 2003 2004
Pre History of the K computer project
Primary R&D project started in 2005
Primary R&D projects for
Next Generation Supercomputer
WG for High-end
Computing National Grid Project
NAREGI
National grid project started in 2003
High-end Computing WG initiated the feasibility study for future high–end computing environment from application point of view in 2001
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
Next-Generation Integrated Nano-science Simulation
Next-Generation Integrated Simulation of Living Matter
Conceptual design
Detailed design
Prototype, evaluation
Tuning Production, installation,
and adjustment
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ISC’11
Target Applications of the K computer
Courtesy of RIKEN
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ISC’11
Design target of the K computer
Toward wider coverage of applications and higher performance on those
applications
High Performance
10PFlops at LINPACK
High productivity
Easy to extract high performance from the highly paralleled programs without
inordinate burden to programmers
Sophisticated language and programmer support environment
High operability
Low power consumption
High reliability and easy to operate
Ensuring target date : mid. of 2012
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED 5
ISC’11
Fujitsu’s technologies applied to the K computer
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
SPARC64TM VIIIfx Processor HPC-ACE (SPARC V9 Architecture
Enhancement for HPC) :128GFlpos SIMD
Register enhancements
Software controllable cache
Hardware barrier between core
Main frame CPU level of high reliable design
Low power consumption : ~58W
Single CPU per node configuration High memory bandwidth and simple
memory hierarchy
CPU/ICC direct water cooling High reliability, low power consumption
and compact packaging
New Interconnect ,Tofu 6-dimensional Mesh/Torus
topology
High speed, highly scalable, high operability and high availability interconnect for over 100,000 nodes system
Functional interconnect
LINPACK 10 PFlops
Over 1PB mem.
800 racks
80,000 CPUs
640,000 cores
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ISC’11
Software environment
Fujitsu’s technologies applied to the K computer (cont.)
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
The K computer
Applications
HPC Portal / System Management Portal
System configuration management
System monitoring System installation&
operation
Job operations Management
System Operations Management
Job manager Job scheduler Resource management
Linux based OS enhanced for K computer
Lustre based distributed file system
High scalability IO bandwidth guarantee High reliability and
availability
High Performance File System
Hybrid parallel programming
Sector cache support SIMD/register file
extensions
MPI/Math. Libraries
Support tools
Tuned for hardware
Profiler & tuning tools Interactive debugger
Compiler (Fortran, C, C++)
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ISC’11
横軸 top500 (左の方が一位) v.s. 効率
横軸を性能にする案もあるか?
The K computer’s Performance
LINPACK performance and its efficiency P
erf
orm
ance
Effic
iency
(RM
ax : L
INP
AC
K P
erf
orm
an
ce
/ R
Peak :
Peak P
erf
orm
an
ce
)
Pro
du
cti
vit
y
Performance (Rmax PFlops)
June 2011
K computer (subset) 68,544 CPUs, 548,352 cores
8.162PFlops, 93.0% SPARC64TM VIIIfx
Other Fujitsu System
NSCT (China) GPGPU
NSCS (China) GPGPU
Jaguar (US) Opteron
GSIC (Japan) GPGPU
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED 9
ISC’11
The K computer’s Performance (cont.)
LINPACK performance and its power consumption P
ow
er
Effic
iency (
RM
ax M
Flo
ps/W
)
Gre
en
ness
June 2011
K computer (subset) 825 MFlops/W
SPARC64TM VIIIfx
IBM BlueGene/Q prototype (US)
PowerBQC
Nagasaki Univ. (Japan) GPGPU
FZJ (German) XCell
CINECA/SCS (Italy) GPGPU
GSIC (Japan) GPGPU
NSCT (China) GPGPU
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
Performance (Rmax PFlops)
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The K computer’s Performance (cont.)
LINPACK performance and its computing time
June 2011
K computer (subset) 28 hr.
SPARC64TM VIIIfx
JAXA (Japan) FX1
SPARC64TM VII
NSCT (China) GPGPU
Jaguar (US) Opteron C
om
puting T
ime
(H
ou
rs)
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
Performance (Rmax PFlops)
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The K computer’s Performance (cont.)
LINPACK performance efficiency and power consumption
Greenness
Perf
orm
ance E
ffic
ien
cy
(RM
ax : L
INP
AC
K P
erf
orm
ance / R
Peak :
Pe
ak P
erf
orm
ance)
Pro
du
cti
vit
y
Power Efficiency (RMax MFlops/W)
June 2011
Power data not registered
K computer (subset) SPARC64TM VIIIfx
IBM BlueGene/Q prototype (US)
PowerBQC
Nagasaki Univ. (Japan) GPGPU
CINECA/SCS(Italy) GPGPU
GSIC(Japan) GPGPU
FZJ(German),etc. XCell
NSCT(China) GPGPU
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED 12
ISC’11
The K computer’s Performance (cont.)
Example of the fundamental BMT performance on 1.05PFlops system*
High efficient threading between cores and functional interconnect
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Scalability of the HIMENO-BMT*** (XL size, 1,024 x 512 x 512)
No. of Cores
Scala
bili
ty
* : 65,536 cores, 8,192 CPUs, ** : 8 thread /node + MPI
** : HIMENO-BMT, Benchmark program which measures the speed of major loops to solve Poisson's
equation solution using Jacobi iteration method. In this measurement, Grid-size XL was used.
Hybrid execution** w/o Integrated MPI support
Hybrid execution** with Integrated MPI support
Flat MPI execution with Integrated MPI support
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Several real applications are now running on the K computer which is in test operation phase
First priority applications has been optimized, tested and evaluated
Others
More than 20 applications are optimizing and testing on the K computer
Applications running on the K Computer
Program Discipline Outline Scheme
NICAM Earth science Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) for Global-Cloud Resolving Simulations
FDM (atmosphere)
Seism3D Earth science Simulation of Seismic-Wave Propagation and Strong Ground Motions
FDM (wave)
FrontFlow/ Blue
Engineering Unsteady Flow Analysis based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES)
FEM (fluid)
PHASE Material science First-Principles Simulation within the Plane-Wave Pseudo potential formalism
DFT (plane wave)
RSDFT Material science Ab-initio Calculation in Real Space The real-
space DFT
LatticeQCD Physics Study of elementary particle and nuclear physics based on Lattice QCD simulation
QCD
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ISC’11
Tight collaboration, co-work and concurrent development with target applications
Expansion and brush up of current technologies for practical 10PFlops class computing
Technologies Jump for practical 100PFlops class computing
Japanese HPC community’s big question after March 11th
How Exa-scale computing contribute to the society ?
Which applications need Exa-scale computing power?
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED
For post 10PFlops era and Exa-scale computing
FPGA, Reconfigurable LSI
Many core architecture
Optical computer Accelerator
technologies
Quantum computer
On board optical link
DNA computer
CNT technologies
3D stacked memory
Graphene technologies
Under 20nm semiconductor tech.
CPU integrated interconnect I/F
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Conclusion
The K computer targeted practical PFlops class computing.
Fujitsu’s several leading-edge technologies applied to the K computer and
achieved excellent performance, productivity and operability
“How to utilize this huge computer power for bringing safe, reliable and
sustainable society in reality” is the Fujitsu’s next and true challenge
This is a milestone to reach real Exa-scale computing
Fujitsu will continue our effort toward real Exa-scale computing
Copyright 2011 FUJITSU LIMITED 16
ISC’11
