Fs presentation-eng

Fre Software and Education

Dr. V. Sasi Kumar

FSF India

College of Engineering , Thiruvananthapuram, November 26, 2012

Dr. V. Sasi Kumar (FSF India) Fre Software and Education CET 2012 2 / 26

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Story of the Computer



ENIAC, the first electronic computer – 1946

Large machine, small capabilities, very expensive



ENIAC, the first electronic computer – 1946

Large machine, small capabilities, very expensive



Features of Eniacthousands of valves

large power requirement

forced cooling

own air-conditioned building

workers to look after it

small memory, very slow

programs written by users





forced cooling









forced cooling









forced cooling









forced cooling









forced cooling









forced cooling









forced cooling







Technology changed, computer changed

transistors replaced valves – 1950s

integrated circuits consisting of several transistors– 1960s

large scale integration and microprocessor –1970s

computer became smaller and more powerful













































Modern Desktop Computer

small machine, very powerful, cheap, programs became commodities










Origin of Free Software



In the 1970s, computers were used for doingcomputations

users had to write programs

writing a usable program is difficult, timeconsuming

so programs were shared

programs did not have owners

All software was Free Software



















































Richard Stallman hacks printer driver at MITLab gets new printerStallman does not get driver source codeStallman decides to create software that gives freedom tousersStarts the GNU1 project in 1983 SeptemberStarts the Free Software Foundation in 1985

1GNU’s Not UnixDr. V. Sasi Kumar (FSF India) Fre Software and Education CET 2012 11 / 26

















Prepares the licence for Free Software – The GNU GPLFour freedoms for users of Free Software

1 freedom to use on any number of computers for anypurpose

2 freedom to copy and share3 freedom to study and modify4 freedom to redistribute

Any software that gives these four freedoms is called FreeSoftware







































Linux kernel gets ready in 1991GNU/Linux formed out of the Linux kernel and GNU software

uly 1993 Slackware is the first distributionSeveral distributions today

1993 Slackware1994 Red Hat1998 Mandriva2000 Ututo -the first totallyfree distribution2004 Ubuntu2006 Gnewsense - totallyfree distribution















































Freedom in Other Areas



Wikipedia, the largest encyclopedia



Wikipedia, the largest encyclopediaMore than 3.5 million articles in EnglishArticles in more than 250 languagesMore than ten thousand articles in MalayalamSeveral other projects

Wiktionary – a free dictionaryWikimedia Commons – free media filesWiki BooksWikiversity

Demonstrated how people contribute freely to social causeswith no expectations











































Creative Commons – freedom in creative works



Free Art (Art Libre) – freedom in art



Open Access movement



Oekonux – towards a GPL society



Peer to Peer Foundation



WikiOcean – an open business model


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Everything I do with my body, my mind, my senses, myintelligence, my nature and my character, I submit to LordNarayana.










The Chief Seattle speech

How can you buyor sell the sky, thewarmth of the land?The idea is strange tous.

If we do not own thefreshness of the airand the sparkle ofthe water, how canyou buy them?


The Chief Seattle speech

How can you buyor sell the sky, thewarmth of the land?The idea is strange tous.

If we do not own thefreshness of the airand the sparkle ofthe water, how canyou buy them?



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