FROM WORLD WAR TO COLD WAR

Yalta Conference Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin meet Plan post-war world Poland

Two governments claimed right to govern: Communist and Non-Communist

FDR and Churchill think Poles should choose their own government

Stalin wants Poland to be communist since it shares a border

Compromise: Soviets set up communist government Promise to include former Polish leaders Hold free elections

Yalta Conference

Declaration of Liberated Europe European nations can set up any democratic

government they want Get rid of all Nazism and Fascism U.S.A., UK, and USSR promise:

Establish peace Provide aid to European nations Form temporary democratic governments Support Atlantic Charter

Yalta Conference Germany

Divide country into four zones: France, U.S., Britain, USSR

Berlin divided into four zones Reparations

USSR and U.S. don’t agree, causes tension

Tension Between U.S. and USSR

Soviets pressure king of Romania to appoint Communist government Violates Declaration of Liberated Europe

Soviets refuse to allow more than 3 (out of 18) non-communists to govern Poland

No intention to hold free elections in Poland

Increases hostility towards each other Leads to era of confrontation and

competition: The Cold War Era

What Is Communism? Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The

Communist Manifesto Class struggle between the working class

(proletariat) and the ruling class (bourgeoisie) Nations develop in stages:

Capitalism Communism

What Is Communism? Capitalism:

Business owners get rich, while laborers do the work

Creates a working-class who eventually get angry with treatment, wages, conditions, etc. Organize Demand Changes

Revolution needed to unseat the ruling class

What Is Communism? Dissatisfaction with ruling class under

capitalism leads to workers’ control of production which leads to public control

Communism: People own everything No private property Wealth shared by all Eliminate class conflict

Communism in the USSR Totalitarian dictatorship Property owned by the state No free enterprise allowed Wealth distributed unequally State controlled:

Media (books, television, radio, etc.) Education Religion Food Production Industrial Production

Fear