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AFGHANISTAN ALBANIA ALGERIA AMERICAN SAMOA ANDORRA ANGOLA ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA ARGENTINA ARMENIA ARUBA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA AZERBAIJAN THE BAHAMAS BAHRAIN BANGLADESH BARBADOS BELARUS BELGIUM BELIZE BENIN BERMUDA BHUTAN BOLIVIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BOTSWANA BRAZIL BRUNEI DARUSSALAM BULGARIA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CAMBODIA CAMEROON CANADA CAPE VERDE CAYMAN ISLANDS CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD CHANNEL ISLANDS CHILE CHINA COLOMBIA COMOROS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO REPUBLIC OF CONGO COSTA RICA CÔTE D’IVOIRE CROATIA CUBA CYPRUS CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK DJIBOUTI DOMINICA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ECUADOR ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT EL SALVADOR EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA ESTONIA ETHIOPIA FAEROE ISLANDS FIJI FINLAND FRANCE FRENCH POLYNESIA GABON THE GAMBIA GEORGIA GERMANY GHANA GREECE GREENLAND GRENADA GUAM GUATEMALA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU GUYANA HAITI HONDURAS HONG KONG, CHINA HUNGARY ICELAND INDIA INDONESIA ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN IRAQ IRELAND ISLE OF MAN ISRAEL ITALY JAMAICA JAPAN JORDAN KAZAKHSTAN KENYA KIRIBATI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KOREA REPUBLIC OF KOREA KUWAIT KYRGYZ REPUBLIC LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC LATVIA LEBANON LESOTHO LIBERIA LIBYA LIECHTENSTEIN LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG MACAO, CHINA FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALAYSIA MALDIVES MALI MALTA MARSHALL ISLANDS MAURITANIA MAURITIUS MAYOTTE MEXICO FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA MOLDOVA MONACO MONGOLIA MONTENEGRO MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE MYANMAR NAMIBIA NEPAL NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDS ANTILLES NEW CALEDONIA NEW ZEALAND NICARAGUA NIGER NIGERIA NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS NORWAY OMAN PAKISTAN PALAU PANAMA PAPUA NEW GUINEA PARAGUAY PERU PHILIPPINES POLAND PORTUGAL PUERTO RICO QATAR ROMANIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION RWANDA SAMOA SAN MARINO SÃO TOMÉ AND PRINCIPE SAUDI ARABIA SENEGAL SERBIA SEYCHELLES SIERRA LEONE SINGAPORE SLOVAK REPUBLIC SLOVENIA SOLOMON ISLANDS SOMALIA SOUTH AFRICA SPAIN SRI LANKA ST. KITTS AND NEVIS ST. LUCIA ST. VINCENT & GRENADINES SUDAN SURINAME SWAZILAND SWEDEN SWITZERLAND SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC TAJIKISTAN TANZANIA THAILAND TIMOR-LESTE TOGO TONGA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO TUNISIA TURKEY TURKMENISTAN UGANDA UKRAINE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNITED KINGDOM UNITED STATES URUGUAY UZBEKISTAN VANUATU REPÚBLICA BOLIVIARANA DE VENEZUELA VIETNAM U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS WEST BANK AND GAZA REPUBLIC OF YEMEN ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE
From World Development Indicators
Agriculture
Forests and biodiversity
Energy
Emissions and pollution
Water and sanitation
Environment and health
National accounting aggregates
The Little Green Data Book
The Little Green Data Book
ISBN 978-0-8213-7399-6
SKU 17399
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2008 THE LITTLE GREENDATA BOOK
Copyright ©2008 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK
1818 H Street, N.W.Washington, D.C. 20433
U.S.A.
All rights reservedManufactured in the United States of America
First printing May 2008
ISBN: 978-0-8213-7399-6E-ISBN: 978-0-8213-7427-6
DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7399-6
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is a product of theDevelopment Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency
and the Environment Department of the World Bank.
Editing, design, and layout by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, DC. Cover design by Peter Grundy Art & Design, London, U.K.
iiiThe Little Green Data Book 2008
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Focus: climate change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Regional tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
East Asia and Pacific. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Europe and Central Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Low income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Upper middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Low and middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Contents
iv 2008 The Little Green Data Book
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is based on World Development Indicators
2008 and its accompanying CD-ROM. Defining, gathering, and disseminating international statistics is a collective effort of many people and organizations. The indicators presented in World Development Indicators are the fruit of decades of work at many levels, from the field workers who administer censuses and household surveys to the committees and working parties of the national and international statistical agencies that develop the nomenclature, classifications, and standards fundamental to the international statistical system. Nongovernmental organizations have also made important contributions. We are indebted to the World Development Indicators partners, as detailed in World Development Indicators 2008. The financial assistance of the Government of Sweden is also gratefully acknowledged.
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is the result of close collaboration between the staff of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department. Mehdi Akhlaghi, Richard Fix, Kirk Hamilton, Saeed Ordoubadi, Beatriz Prieto-Oramas, Giovanni Ruta, Alexandra Sears, and Jana Stoever contributed to its preparation. Meta de Coquereaumont, Christopher Trott, and Elaine Wilson of Communications Development provided design, editing, and layout. Staff from External Affairs oversaw publication and distribution of the book.
Acknowledgments
vThe Little Green Data Book 2008
ForewordWelcome to The Little Green Data Book 2008. As in the 2007 edition, this year’s edition includes a Focus section, four introductory pages that focus on a specific issue related to development and the environment. This year the focus is on the damage from climate change and carbon dioxide emissions.
Climate change continues to dominate public discourse about the environment. Following on the strong interest stirred by the Stern Review on the Economics
of Climate Change in 2006, the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has codified the firm scientific consensus on the extent of human-induced climate change. Another important milestone was the December 2007 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change conference in Bali, which culminated in the adoption of the Bali Roadmap, establishing four pillars—mitigation, adaptation, technology, and finance—for negotiating a post-2012 climate pact.
As this Focus shows, global warming can have negative effects on agriculture, health, infrastructure, and other economic activities —effects that are likely to hit developing countries the hardest. While high-income countries emit more carbon dioxide than developing countries, emissions from developing countries are growing at a faster pace. And emissions per capita in high-income countries are still five times higher than in developing countries.
The Little Green Data Book 2008 is a collaboration between the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department of the World Bank. We welcome your suggestions for how to improve future editions and make them more useful.
Shaida Badiee James Warren Evans
Director Director
Development Data Group Environment Department
vi 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Focus: climate changeClimate change effects on agricultural productivity
Global warming is predicted to reduce worldwide agricultural productivity more than 15 percent by the 2080s. The effect will be more severe for developing countries than for developed countries, partly for geographic reasons. The predicted effect becomes positive for developed countries when carbon fertilization effects are taken into account.
Change in agricultural productivity (%)
Source: Cline 2007.
Climate change effects on health
The largest health impacts of climate change are on malnutrition and are linked to declining agricultural yields. While the effects are felt in South East Asia through malnutrition and diarrhea, the impact on Africa is expected to be dominated by increased incidence of malaria.
Estimated disability-adjusted life years attributable to climate change, 2000 (millions)
Note: Regions are World Health Organization Regions. Climate change for 2000 is estimated by interpolating between baseline (1961–90) climate variables and projected climate variables, assuming climate stabilization at 750 parts per million of carbon dioxide in 2000.
Source: McMichael and others 2004.
–20
–10
0
10
Developed countriesDeveloping countriesWorld
Without carbon fertilization With carbon fertilization
0
1
2
3
FloodsMalariaDiarrheaMalnutrition
OtherWestern Pacific, low child, low adult mortalityAfrica, high child, high adult mortalityEastern Mediterranean, high child, high adult mortalityAfrica, high child, very high adult mortalitySoutheast Asia, high child, high adult mortality
viiThe Little Green Data Book 2008
Climate change effects due to rise in sea level
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts a 1 meter rise in sea level over the next hundred years linked to climate change (barring catastrophic events, such as the melting of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet). The effects are most severe in the Middle East and North Africa and East Asia and Pacific for virtually all dimensions measured.
Losses due to 1 meter rise in sea level, by category (%)
Note: The figure assumes no adaptation.
Source: Dasgupta and others 2007.
Climate change effects due to extreme weather events
Weather variability is likely to increase. The five countries most vulnerable to extreme weather events in each region are shown. Ethiopia and Bangladesh stand out as the countries most vulnerable to extreme weather events.
Weather damage index
Note: The index takes into account droughts, heat waves, floods, wildfires, and wind storms between 1960 and 2002. People killed are given a weight of 1,000, people rendered homeless a weight of 10, and people affected a weight of 1. The sum is divided by population in 1980 (the midpoint of the period).
Source: Buys and others 2007.
0
1
2
3
4
Sub-SaharanAfrica
SouthAsia
Middle East& NorthAfrica
LatinAmerica &Caribbean
East Asia &Pacific
World
Area
Popu
latio
nGD
PUr
ban
exte
ntAg
ricul
tura
l ext
ent
Wet
land
s
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Botswa
na
Djibou
ti
Suda
n
Mozam
biqu
e
Ethiop
ia
Maldive
s
Pakis
tan
Sri L
anka
India
Bang
lade
shSy
ria
Yemen
, Rep
.
Tunisia
JordanIra
n
Nica
ragu
aHa
iti
Belize
Antig
ua and
Barbu
da
Hond
uras
Philip
pine
s
Solomon
Island
s
Lao PD
R
Samoa
Tong
a
East Asia & Pacific
Latin America& Caribbean
Middle East &North Africa
SouthAsia
Sub-SaharanAfrica
viii 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Focus: climate changeProjected trends in energy emissions
While high-income economies today produce nearly half of world carbon dioxide emissions from energy, developing economies are projected to increase their share at a faster rate.
Energy-related carbon dioxide emissions, by income group (billions of tons)
Source: IEA 2007.
World distribution of per capita emissions
Per capita emissions of greenhouse gases (including land use change) differ widely across countries and regions. High-income economies have the highest levels of emissions, but when land use change is taken into account Indonesia, the Russian Federation, and Brazil also have significant emissions per capita.
Per capita emissions, by country and region, 2000 (tons)
Source: WRI 2008.
0
10
20
30
20302015
Developing economies
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development economies
Transition economies
2005
0
10
20
30
6 billion4 billion2 billion
Unite
d St
ates
Othe
r hig
h-in
com
e
Indo
nesi
aRu
ssia
n Fe
dera
tion
Braz
ilOt
her L
atin
Am
eric
a&
Car
ibbe
anOt
her E
urop
e&
Cen
tral A
sia
Othe
r Eas
t As
ia &
Pac
ific
Sub-
Saha
ran
Afric
a
Mid
dle
East
&
Nor
th A
frica
Othe
rSo
uth
Asia
Chin
a
Indi
a
Population
ixThe Little Green Data Book 2008
Emissions by source, high-income and transition economies
Nearly all greenhouse gas emissions from high-income and transition economies (those listed in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol) are linked to energy use (86.6 percent), including power generation, transport, and building heating and cooling.
Share of emissions, 2000 (Annex I)
Source: WRI 2008.
Emissions by source, low-income economies
In developing economies greenhouse gas emissions stem mostly from land use change, forestry, and agriculture (51.2 percent). Energy-related emissions come next (42.5 percent). Better management of land and forests in developing economies can offer both mitigation and development benefits.
Share of emissions, 2000 (non–Annex I)
Source: WRI 2008.
Industrial processes 3.7%
Agriculture 8.7%
Land use changeand forestry –1.6% Waste 2.8%
Energy86.6%
Waste 3.1%
Industrial processes 3.2%
Energy42.5%
Land usechange and
forestry35.5%
Agriculture15.7%
Note: Annex I countries that have ratified the Kyoto Protocol are committed to binding emissions targets to reduce greenhouse gases. Non–Annex I countries are developing countries, which have no specific greenhouse gas emissions obligations.
x 2008 The Little Green Data Book
The data in this book are for the most recent year available; for details, see
the Glossary. Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income
economies only. Aggregates for regions and income groups are shown only
if data are available for 66 percent of the economies in that group.
Symbols used:
0 or 0.0 indicates zero or small enough that the number rounds to zero
at the displayed number of decimal places
.. indicates that data are not available
$ indicates current U.S. dollars
Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for
smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The word country
(used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence
or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which
the authorities report separate social or economic statistics.
The selection of indicators in these pages includes some that are being used
to monitor progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. For more
information about the eight goals—halving poverty and increasing well-being
by 2015—please visit our Web site www.developmentgoals.org or see the
other books in the World Development Indicators 2008 series.
Data notes
1The Little Green Data Book 2008
The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical
regions and may differ from common geographic usage.
East Asia and Pacific
American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic
Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Northern
Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon
Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Vanuatu, Vietnam.
Europe and Central Asia
Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania,
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Poland,
Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
Latin America and the Caribbean
Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,
Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines,
Suriname, Uruguay, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
Middle East and North Africa
Algeria, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq,
Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia,
West Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen.
South Asia
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan,
Sri Lanka.
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,
Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and
Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,
Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Regional tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
2 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6,538 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129,645 GDP ($ billions) 48,461.9
7,44849.12.21.4
3818.1
1,166498
30.50.2
11.6
5.01,796
9.72,67866.416.0
0.514.3127.7
53118
6,778
9.170837294573879
73
21.812.4
4.44.10.50.00.40.48.3
World
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
3The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1,899 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,871 GDP ($ billions) 3,616.7
1,85642.43.51.1
51....
547
28.40.1
12.1
3.31,18215.5
1,49281.915.6
0.903.2797.7
7314
5,022
11.174797092513672
29
47.210.3
2.17.10.90.01.21.3
28.5
East Asia & Pacific
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
4 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 461 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,248 GDP ($ billions) 2,499.4
4,81563.8
0.20.1
2810.9400129
38.3–0.07.0
3.32,826
2.23,633
66.117.5
0.817.06
–30.229
152
11,473
7.559928099857093
26
22.610.3
4.118.4
1.10.01.10.5
–4.9
Europe & Central Asia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
5The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 556 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,156 GDP ($ billions) 2,964.2
4,78577.72.11.5
3612.5
1,003241
45.40.5
19.7
7.01,19814.8
1,71537.057.6
0.312.5529.6
37115
24,471
2.071917396774986
26
22.412.14.49.13.00.00.40.41.8
Latin America & Caribbean
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
6 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 311 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,953 GDP ($ billions) 734.4
2,50757.52.62.0
2233.8
1,050672
2.4–0.43.4
4.71,270
1.11,358
92.57.4
0.673.86
101.17734
757
105.089898196765892
42
..10.9
4.640.0
0.30.11.10.6
..
Middle East & North Africa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
7The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1,499 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4,781 GDP ($ billions) 1,146.7
76828.8
2.71.8
5539.2
1,391619
16.8–0.16.0
4.645331.543279.916.7
0.541.0597.0
818
1,230
51.890848194372763
83
32.18.93.54.50.90.51.10.8
18.8
South Asia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
8 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 782 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,606 GDP ($ billions) 712.7
82935.8
4.12.6
443.5
..351
26.50.7
11.3
2.7681
56.354276.120.1
0.570.9246.3
60..
5,093
3.187564280372853
157
19.410.73.8
18.72.30.40.60.4
–10.0
Sub-Saharan Africa
9The Little Green Data Book 2008
For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion
for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every
economy in The Little Green Data Book is classified as low income, middle
income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes
referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it
is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing
similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or
final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily
reflect development status.
Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $905 or less
in 2006.
Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than
$905 but less than $11,116. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income
economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,595.
High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $11,116 or
more.
Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary
Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain.
Income group tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
10 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2,420 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28,147 GDP ($ billions) 1,618.7
64930.4
3.12.0
4524.0
..544
23.90.69.9
3.848641.739172.424.8
0.530.9055.7
748
3,077
18.989756988382860
112
30.59.03.49.41.30.61.00.7
11.9
Low income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
11The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3,088 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 68,468 GDP ($ billions) 10,059.2
3,05354.5
2.41.1
3518.2
1,331471
33.80.2
11.7
4.01,486
10.31,928
71.521.5
0.703.9529.9
5650
8,754
6.371847295624181
33
30.510.93.5
12.81.60.00.90.87.0
Middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
12 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2,276 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27,977 GDP ($ billions) 4,735.7
2,03847.33.01.1
4226.3
2,057531
26.50.1
12.8
3.61,21612.8
1,50278.616.8
0.823.3771.1
6921
5,769
7.375817193553976
36
41.410.42.5
11.11.10.01.21.1
18.9
Lower middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
13The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 811 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40,492 GDP ($ billions) 5,324.6
5,91375.0
1.40.9
309.0
672112
38.80.2
10.9
4.62,248
6.53,13161.927.8
0.575.60–7.733
140
17,199
4.054937898816089
26
22.311.44.4
14.42.00.00.70.4
–2.2
Upper middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
14 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5,507 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96,616 GDP ($ billions) 11,678.6
1,99743.9
2.61.5
3820.4
1,159511
30.90.3
11.2
4.01,07116.2
1,29071.622.0
0.672.6233.2
6139
6,268
8.878807093513474
79
30.510.73.5
12.31.50.10.90.87.6
Low and middle income
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
15The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 317 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,465 GDP ($ billions) 10,636.4
34,30773.5
0.60.4
4716.8
1,904180
37.2–0.711.5
7.53,961
4.36,926
52.58.4
0.288.22
3.924
536
2,951
22.338
100100100100
..
..
4
21.813.8
4.80.40.00.00.20.2
12.0
Euro area
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
16 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1,031 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33,029 GDP ($ billions) 36,794.5
36,60877.61.10.7
3611.0
1,188325
29.5–0.113.0
6.05,498
3.29,76062.511.5
0.4113.23
22.427
467
9,579
10.2429998
100100
..100
7
19.913.0
4.71.50.20.00.30.39.3
High income
17The Little Green Data Book 2008
China
Unless otherwise noted, data for China do not include data for Hong Kong,
China; Macao, China; and Taiwan, China.
Serbia
Data on population and gross national income per capita for Serbia exclude
Kosovo and Metohija.
Country tables
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
18 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) .. Land area (1,000 sq. km) 652 GDP ($ billions) 8.4
.. 768 649
.. 28.8 30.4
.. 2.7 3.1
.. 1.8 2.0
58 55 4533.8 39.2 24.0
.. 1,391 ..
.. 619 544
1.3 16.8 23.92.7 –0.1 0.60.3 6.0 9.957833
4,0002
3.6
.. 4.6 3.8
.. 453 486
.. 31.5 41.7
.. 432 391
.. 79.9 72.4
.. 16.7 24.8
0.04 0.54 0.53.. 1.05 0.90
–73.5 97.0 55.744 81 74
.. 8 8
.. 1,230 3,077
42.3 51.8 18.998 90 89
.. 84 75
.. 81 69
.. 94 88
.. 37 38
.. 27 28
.. 63 60
19.020.0257 83 112
.. 32.1 30.57.7 8.9 9.0
.. 3.5 3.4
.. 4.5 9.4
.. 0.9 1.30.9 0.5 0.60.1 1.1 1.00.9 0.8 0.7
.. 18.8 11.9
Afghanistan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
19The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27 GDP ($ billions) 9.1
2,930 4,815 2,03846.1 63.8 47.3
1.3 0.2 3.0–0.2 0.1 1.1
41 28 4250.5 10.9 26.3995 400 2,057298 129 531
29.0 38.3 26.5–0.0 –0.0 0.12.7 7.0 12.8
37645
3,0310
0.2
7.2 3.3 3.6762 2,826 1,2169.6 2.2 12.8
1,167 3,633 1,5021.3 66.1 78.6
98.7 17.5 16.8
0.2 0.8 0.81.2 7.1 3.4
–49.5 –30.2 71.150 29 6961 152 21
8,530 11,473 5,769
6.4 7.5 7.362 59 7596 92 8194 80 7199 99 9391 85 5584 70 3999 93 76
1.47.317 26 36
16.7 22.6 41.410.5 10.3 10.42.8 4.1 2.52.0 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.2 1.1 1.20.2 0.5 1.16.5 –4.9 18.9
Albania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
20 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 33 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,382 GDP ($ billions) 114.7
3,030 2,507 2,03863.9 57.5 47.3
3.0 2.6 3.01.7 2.0 1.1
17 22 426.9 33.8 26.3144 1,050 2,057162 672 531
1.0 2.4 26.5–1.6 –0.4 0.15.0 3.4 12.8472
713,164
33.0
5.7 4.7 3.61,058 1,270 1,216
0.2 1.1 12.8899 1,358 1,50298.4 92.5 78.6
1.6 7.4 16.8
1.0 0.7 0.86.0 3.9 3.4
151.8 101.1 71.171 77 6958 34 21
341 757 5,769
54.2 105.0 7.365 89 7585 89 8180 81 7188 96 9392 76 5582 58 3999 92 76
9.019.8
38 42 36
.. .. 41.411.8 10.9 10.44.5 4.6 2.5
58.1 40.0 11.10.1 0.3 1.10.1 0.1 0.01.3 1.1 1.20.3 0.6 1.1
.. .. 18.9
Algeria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
21The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 60 Land area (sq. km) 200 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 1,856 5,91391.6 42.4 75.0
.. 3.5 1.4
.. 1.1 0.9
25 51 30.. .. 9.0.. .. 672
254 547 112
90.0 28.4 38.80.0 0.1 0.22.5 12.1 10.94626
4711
0.4
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 1,182 2,248
.. 15.5 6.5
.. 1,492 3,131
.. 81.9 61.9
.. 15.6 27.8
.. 0.9 0.65.1 3.3 5.6
.. 97.7 –7.7
.. 73 33
.. 14 140
.. 5,022 17,199
.. 11.1 4.0
.. 74 54
.. 79 93
.. 70 78
.. 92 98
.. 51 81
.. 36 60
.. 72 89
..
..
.. 29 26
.. 47.2 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 2.1 4.4
.. 7.1 14.4
.. 0.9 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.2 0.7
.. 1.3 0.4
.. 28.5 –2.2
American Samoa
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
22 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 67 Land area (sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 36,60890.3 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
55 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
622 325
34.0 29.50.0 –0.17.0 13.0
..
..
..
..0.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.428 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..3 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Andorra
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
23The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 17 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,247 GDP ($ billions) 45.2
1,970 829 2,03854.0 35.8 47.3
5.2 4.1 3.02.8 2.6 1.1
46 44 422.2 3.5 26.323 .. 2,057
228 351 531
47.4 26.5 26.50.2 0.7 0.1
10.1 11.3 12.81,226
625,185
269.6
6.1 2.7 3.6615 681 1,216
63.8 56.3 12.8141 542 1,502
34.2 76.1 78.665.8 20.1 16.8
0.2 0.6 0.80.5 0.9 3.4
69.9 46.3 71.180 60 69
8 .. 21
9,195 5,093 5,769
0.2 3.1 7.360 87 7553 56 8140 42 7175 80 9331 37 5516 28 3956 53 76
8.028.4260 157 36
42.2 19.4 41.412.2 10.7 10.4
3.0 3.8 2.568.8 18.7 11.1
0.0 2.3 1.10.0 0.4 0.00.2 0.6 1.21.6 0.4 1.1
–37.6 –10.0 18.9
Angola
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
24 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 84 Land area (sq. km) 440 GDP ($ millions) 998
11,050 36,60839.6 77.6
2.6 1.11.9 0.7
32 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
632 325
20.5 29.50.0 –0.10.0 13.0
18622
1,1584
0.5
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
0.4 0.45.1 13.2
37.8 22.412 27
.. 467
1,204 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 4291 9989 9895 10095 10094 ..98 100
..
..11 7
.. 19.914.0 13.03.9 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.4 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Antigua and Barbuda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
25The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 39 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,737 GDP ($ billions) 214.2
5,150 4,785 5,91390.3 77.7 75.0
1.4 2.1 1.41.1 1.5 0.9
47 36 304.7 12.5 9.0
490 1,003 67213 241 112
12.1 45.4 38.80.4 0.5 0.26.4 19.7 10.9
1,413152
9,37242
18.5
6.6 7.0 4.61,644 1,198 2,248
3.5 14.8 6.52,418 1,715 3,13159.8 37.0 61.932.4 57.6 27.8
0.4 0.3 0.63.7 2.5 5.6
29.1 29.6 –7.776 37 33
.. 115 140
7,123 24,471 17,199
10.6 2.0 4.074 71 5496 91 9380 73 7898 96 9891 77 8183 49 6092 86 89
..
..16 26 26
27.1 22.4 22.312.0 12.1 11.4
4.0 4.4 4.412.8 9.1 14.4
1.0 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.5 0.4 0.71.6 0.4 0.43.2 1.8 –2.2
Argentina
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
26 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 6.4
1,920 4,815 2,03864.0 63.8 47.3–1.4 0.2 3.0–1.0 0.1 1.1
49 28 4251.5 10.9 26.3209 400 2,057219 129 531
10.0 38.3 26.51.3 –0.0 0.1
10.6 7.0 12.8380
353,553
10.3
4.9 3.3 3.6848 2,826 1,2160.0 2.2 12.8
1,503 3,633 1,50228.9 66.1 78.628.1 17.5 16.8
0.3 0.8 0.81.2 7.1 3.4
–13.1 –30.2 71.168 29 69
.. 152 21
3,016 11,473 5,769
32.4 7.5 7.366 59 7592 92 8180 80 7199 99 9383 85 5561 70 3996 93 76
8.07.824 26 26
29.3 22.6 41.410.2 10.3 10.4
3.0 4.1 2.50.0 18.4 11.12.2 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.6 1.1 1.21.8 0.5 1.1
17.6 –4.9 18.9
Armenia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
27The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 101 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 36,60846.7 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
11 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
2,678 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.11.7 13.09223
460..
0.4
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.421.8 13.217.1 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Aruba
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
28 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 7,682 GDP ($ billions) 780.5
35,860 36,60888.4 77.6
1.4 1.11.2 0.7
58 364.8 11.0
448 1,1885 325
21.3 29.50.2 –0.19.7 13.0
1,227568
15,63855
95.8
5.7 6.05,978 5,498
4.3 3.211,481 9,760
92.6 62.56.3 11.5
0.5 0.416.2 13.217.3 22.4
15 27542 467
24,118 9,579
4.9 10.275 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..6 7
21.9 19.915.1 13.0
4.7 4.73.6 1.55.1 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.1 0.32.4 9.3
Australia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
29The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 8.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 82 GDP ($ billions) 322.0
39,750 36,60866.1 77.6
0.5 1.10.4 0.7
40 362.8 11.0
2,332 1,188202 325
46.8 29.5–0.2 –0.128.5 13.051362
3,1004
0.3
8.2 6.04,174 5,49811.6 3.2
7,889 9,76036.8 62.557.0 11.5
0.3 0.48.5 13.2
21.2 22.434 27
503 467
6,680 9,579
3.8 10.21 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..5 7
25.8 19.914.2 13.05.3 4.70.3 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.3 0.3
16.1 9.3
Austria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
30 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 8.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83 GDP ($ billions) 19.9
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
1,840 4,815 2,03851.6 63.8 47.30.8 0.2 3.01.1 0.1 1.1
58 28 4269.3 10.9 26.3174 400 2,057221 129 531
11.3 38.3 26.50.0 –0.0 0.14.8 7.0 12.8
44638
4,3000
0.9
2.8 3.3 3.61,649 2,826 1,216
0.0 2.2 12.82,407 3,633 1,50285.8 66.1 78.614.2 17.5 16.8
1.0 0.8 0.83.8 7.1 3.4
–41.7 –30.2 71.159 29 6957 152 21
965 11,473 5,769
213.0 7.5 7.368 59 7577 92 8159 80 7195 99 9354 85 5536 70 3973 93 76
3.121.7
88 26 36
57.0 22.6 41.412.1 10.3 10.42.8 4.1 2.5
83.8 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.02.4 1.1 1.21.1 0.5 1.1
–39.7 –4.9 18.9
Azerbaijan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
31The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60890.6 77.6
2.1 1.11.6 0.7
1 368.3 11.0
.. 1,188388 325
51.4 29.50.0 –0.12.1 13.0
34737
1,1115
4.3
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.46.3 13.23.0 22.437 27
290 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 4297 9986 9898 100
100 100100 ..100 100
..
..14 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.03.8 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.30.5 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 327 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Bahamas, The
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
32 2008 The Little Green Data Book
19,350 36,60896.7 77.6
3.1 1.12.5 0.7
14 3666.7 11.0
9,200 1,1881,268 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.11.1 13.0
21016
195..
0.0
3.0 6.011,214 5,498
0.0 3.211,401 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.8 0.423.8 13.244.6 22.4
88 27325 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.257 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..100 100
..
..10 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.04.4 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.20.0 0.0
.. 0.30.6 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 739 Land area (sq. km) 710 GDP ($ billions) 16.0
Country data
High-income group
Bahrain
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
33The Little Green Data Book 2008
450 768 64925.5 28.8 30.4
3.6 2.7 3.12.0 1.8 2.0
69 55 4556.1 39.2 24.0
2,210 1,391 ..1,444 619 544
6.7 16.8 23.90.1 –0.1 0.60.5 6.0 9.9
73589
5,000121.6
6.8 4.6 3.8158 453 486
34.3 31.5 41.7136 432 391
94.3 79.9 72.45.7 16.7 24.8
0.2 0.5 0.50.2 1.1 0.9
141.8 97.0 55.7140 81 74
.. 8 8
685 1,230 3,077
75.6 51.8 18.996 90 8974 84 7572 81 6982 94 8839 37 3835 27 2851 63 60
20.86.169 83 112
31.6 32.1 30.58.1 8.9 9.01.9 3.5 3.45.6 4.5 9.40.0 0.9 1.30.7 0.5 0.60.4 1.1 1.00.5 0.8 0.7
18.3 18.8 11.9
Country data
SouthAsia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 156 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 130 GDP ($ billions) 61.9
Bangladesh
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
34 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 293 Land area (sq. km) 430 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60853.3 77.6
1.6 1.10.5 0.7
44 3629.4 11.0885 1,188863 325
4.7 29.50.0 –0.10.0 13.0
23620
5722
0.3
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.44.4 13.2
17.7 22.434 27
343 467
343 9,579
90.0 10.222 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..99 100
..
..12 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.07.0 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.30.0 0.3
.. 9.3
Barbados
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
35The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,470 4,815 2,03872.7 63.8 47.30.3 0.2 3.0
–0.3 0.2 1.1
43 28 422.0 10.9 26.3
2,253 400 2,05750 129 531
38.0 38.3 26.5–0.5 –0.0 0.16.3 7.0 12.8297
172,100
..0.0
3.1 3.3 3.62,720 2,826 1,216
4.8 2.2 12.83,209 3,633 1,502
99.8 66.1 78.60.1 17.5 16.8
0.8 0.8 0.86.6 7.1 3.4
–39.9 –30.2 71.17 29 69
181 152 21
3,805 11,473 5,769
7.5 7.5 7.330 59 75
100 92 81100 80 71100 99 9384 85 5561 70 3993 93 76
..
..13 26 36
26.4 22.6 41.411.2 10.3 10.4
5.7 4.1 2.52.1 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.01.6 1.1 1.2
.. 0.5 1.117.2 –4.9 18.9
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 9.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 207 GDP ($ billions) 36.9
Belarus
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
36 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 394.0
Country data
High-income group
38,460 36,60897.2 77.60.4 1.10.3 0.7
46 364.7 11.0
.. 1,18835 325
22.1 29.50.1 –0.13.5 13.051929
1,5501
0.0
5.9 6.05,407 5,498
2.8 3.28,510 9,76040.9 62.5
0.3 11.5
0.3 0.49.7 13.20.0 22.423 27
468 467
1,145 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
23.9 19.915.4 13.05.9 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.2 0.3
14.1 9.3
Belgium
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
37The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,740 4,785 5,91348.5 77.7 75.0
3.0 2.1 1.42.8 1.5 0.9
7 36 302.9 12.5 9.0810 1,003 672216 241 112
72.5 45.4 38.80.0 0.5 0.2
46.3 19.7 10.969144
2,894301.9
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.4 0.3 0.62.8 2.5 5.6
154.1 29.6 –7.717 37 33
121 115 140
54,832 24,471 17,199
0.9 2.0 4.020 71 5491 91 9382 73 78
100 96 9847 77 8125 49 6071 86 89
6.711.0
16 26 26
19.1 22.4 22.312.5 12.1 11.45.2 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.6 0.4 0.70.0 0.4 0.4
11.2 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 298 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.2
Belize
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
38 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 8.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 111 GDP ($ billions) 4.8
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
530 829 64940.5 35.8 30.4
4.3 4.1 3.13.3 2.6 2.0
32 44 450.4 3.5 24.0
0 .. ..185 351 544
21.3 26.5 23.92.3 0.7 0.6
23.9 11.3 9.9644
342,500
140.2
4.0 2.7 3.8304 681 48664.7 56.3 41.7
69 542 39199.1 76.1 72.40.9 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.3 0.9 0.9
233.8 46.3 55.741 60 7413 .. 8
1,213 5,093 3,077
1.3 3.1 18.945 87 8967 56 7557 42 6978 80 8833 37 3811 28 2859 53 60
12.013.4148 157 112
.. 19.4 30.58.5 10.7 9.03.6 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.9 0.4 0.60.3 0.6 1.00.4 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Benin
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
39The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 64 Land area (sq. km) 50 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
0.3 1.10.3 0.7
20 36.. 11.0.. 1,1880 325
20.0 29.50.0 –0.18.0 13.0
24343
1674
1.5
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.48.7 13.2
–6.8 22.4.. 27.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.03.3 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Bermuda
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
40 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 649 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 47 GDP ($ millions) 942
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
1,430 768 2,03811.4 28.8 47.34.0 2.7 3.01.1 1.8 1.1
13 55 4223.5 39.2 26.3
.. 1,391 2,057356 619 531
68.0 16.8 26.5–0.3 –0.1 0.125.6 6.0 12.871741
5,4687
1.1
.. 4.6 3.6
.. 453 1,216
.. 31.5 12.8
.. 432 1,502
.. 79.9 78.6
.. 16.7 16.8
0.2 0.5 0.80.7 1.1 3.4
222.9 97.0 71.127 81 6912 8 21
149,134 1,230 5,769
0.4 51.8 7.394 90 7562 84 8160 81 7186 94 9370 37 5570 27 3965 63 76
..
..70 83 36
39.4 32.1 41.49.8 8.9 10.43.8 3.5 2.50.0 4.5 11.10.0 0.9 1.12.8 0.5 0.00.4 1.1 1.20.2 0.8 1.1
30.0 18.8 18.9
Bhutan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
41The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 9.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,084 GDP ($ billions) 11.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
1,100 4,785 2,03864.7 77.7 47.3
3.1 2.1 3.02.1 1.5 1.1
35 36 424.1 12.5 26.381 1,003 2,057
108 241 531
54.2 45.4 26.50.4 0.5 0.1
19.5 19.7 12.81,775
8017,367
7113.8
6.4 7.0 3.6578 1,198 1,21614.0 14.8 12.8479 1,715 1,502
49.0 37.0 78.647.8 57.6 16.8
0.2 0.3 0.80.8 2.5 3.4
26.7 29.6 71.197 37 6915 115 21
33,054 24,471 5,769
0.5 2.0 7.381 71 7585 91 8168 73 7195 96 9346 77 5522 49 3960 86 76
22.024.8
61 26 36
26.9 22.4 41.49.8 12.1 10.46.3 4.4 2.5
40.6 9.1 11.14.9 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.7 0.4 1.21.4 0.4 1.1
–24.2 1.8 18.9
Bolivia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
42 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 3.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 12.3
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
3,230 4,815 2,03846.3 63.8 47.3
0.5 0.2 3.0–0.6 0.1 1.1
42 28 420.3 10.9 26.3597 400 2,057213 129 531
42.7 38.3 26.50.1 –0.0 0.10.5 7.0 12.8
39055
..1
0.4
4.7 3.3 3.61,268 2,826 1,216
3.7 2.2 12.82,316 3,633 1,502
57.1 66.1 78.642.9 17.5 16.8
0.7 0.8 0.84.0 7.1 3.4
125.6 –30.2 71.119 29 69
.. 152 21
9,067 11,473 5,769
.. 7.5 7.3
.. 59 7597 92 8196 80 7199 99 9395 85 5592 70 3999 93 76
1.58.915 26 36
6.0 22.6 41.410.4 10.3 10.4
.. 4.1 2.50.3 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.1
.. 0.0 0.01.3 1.1 1.20.1 0.5 1.1
.. –4.9 18.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
43The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 567 GDP ($ billions) 10.6
5,570 829 5,91358.2 35.8 75.0
4.0 4.1 1.41.9 2.6 0.9
46 44 300.3 3.5 9.0
.. .. 672207 351 112
21.1 26.5 38.80.9 0.7 0.2
30.9 11.3 10.9739
182,151
01.5
11.6 2.7 4.61,032 681 2,248
24.1 56.3 6.51,406 542 3,131100.0 76.1 61.9
0.0 20.1 27.8
0.2 0.6 0.62.4 0.9 5.6
98.1 46.3 –7.768 60 3347 .. 140
1,307 5,093 17,199
8.1 3.1 4.041 87 5495 56 9390 42 78
100 80 9842 37 8125 28 6057 53 89
38.56.5124 157 26
55.8 19.4 22.312.5 10.7 11.4
8.6 3.8 4.40.3 18.7 14.47.0 2.3 2.00.0 0.4 0.00.3 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.444.2 –10.0 –2.2
Botswana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
44 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 189 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,459 GDP ($ billions) 1,067.5
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
4,710 4,785 5,91384.7 77.7 75.02.2 2.1 1.41.5 1.5 0.9
31 36 304.4 12.5 9.0
1,366 1,003 67250 241 112
56.5 45.4 38.80.6 0.5 0.2
18.1 19.7 10.92,290
34356,215
382100.0
7.6 7.0 4.61,122 1,198 2,24826.5 14.8 6.5
2,008 1,715 3,13110.1 37.0 61.983.7 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.8 2.5 5.6
58.2 29.6 –7.726 37 33
136 115 140
29,000 24,471 17,199
1.1 2.0 4.062 71 5490 91 9357 73 7896 96 9875 77 8137 49 6083 86 89
23.713.1
20 26 26
17.8 22.4 22.312.0 12.1 11.44.3 4.4 4.43.7 9.1 14.42.3 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.2 0.4 0.70.3 0.4 0.43.5 1.8 –2.2
Brazil
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
45The Little Green Data Book 2008
26,930 36,60873.9 77.6
3.2 1.12.5 0.7
5 365.6 11.0
.. 1,188708 325
52.8 29.50.8 –0.1
61.5 13.0567
506,000
990.1
6.7 6.07,065 5,498
0.7 3.27,498 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.5 0.424.1 13.251.3 22.4
46 27397 467
22,738 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..9 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.02.8 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.30.3 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 382 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.3 GDP ($ billions) 11.6
Brunei Darussalam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
46 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 7.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 109 GDP ($ billions) 31.5
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Upper middle-income group
3,990 4,815 5,91370.3 63.8 75.0–0.4 0.2 1.4–0.8 0.1 0.9
48 28 3016.6 10.9 9.0
1,770 400 67273 129 112
33.4 38.3 38.8–0.6 –0.0 0.210.3 7.0 10.9485
473,572
00.9
3.6 3.3 4.62,592 2,826 2,248
3.7 2.2 6.54,121 3,633 3,131
47.7 66.1 61.99.9 17.5 27.8
0.6 0.8 0.65.5 7.1 5.6
–43.5 –30.2 –7.760 29 33
314 152 140
2,713 11,473 17,199
50.0 7.5 4.019 59 5499 92 9397 80 78
100 99 9899 85 8196 70 60
100 93 89
..
..14 26 26
15.5 22.6 22.311.9 10.3 11.44.2 4.1 4.40.9 18.4 14.42.0 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.01.2 1.1 0.71.6 0.5 0.42.1 –4.9 –2.2
Bulgaria
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
47The Little Green Data Book 2008
440 829 64918.7 35.8 30.44.9 4.1 3.13.0 2.6 2.0
40 44 450.5 3.5 24.0
126 .. ..235 351 544
24.8 26.5 23.90.3 0.7 0.6
15.4 11.3 9.9581
131,100
20.3
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.08 0.57 0.530.08 0.92 0.9010.3 46.3 55.7
94 60 745 .. 8
897 5,093 3,077
6.4 3.1 18.986 87 8961 56 7554 42 6994 80 8813 37 38
6 28 2842 53 60
9.020.0204 157 112
.. 19.4 30.58.1 10.7 9.04.5 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.9 0.4 0.60.1 0.6 1.01.4 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 274 GDP ($ billions) 6.2
Burkina Faso
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
48 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 8.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 26 GDP ($ millions) 903
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
100 829 64910.3 35.8 30.45.3 4.1 3.12.3 2.6 2.0
91 44 451.5 3.5 24.035 .. ..
728 351 544
5.9 26.5 23.94.2 0.7 0.65.7 11.3 9.9
71348
2,5002
0.5
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.09 0.57 0.530.03 0.92 0.9013.2 46.3 55.7
30 60 741 .. 8
1,285 5,093 3,077
2.9 3.1 18.977 87 8979 56 7577 42 6992 80 8836 37 3835 28 2847 53 60
13.0..
181 157 112
2.0 19.4 30.56.4 10.7 9.05.1 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.8 2.3 1.3
10.5 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.7
–10.9 –10.0 11.9
Burundi
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
49The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 177 GDP ($ billions) 7.3
490 1,856 64920.3 42.4 30.4
5.4 3.5 3.12.4 1.1 2.0
30 51 457.0 .. 24.0
0 .. ..303 547 544
59.2 28.4 23.91.4 0.1 0.6
23.5 12.1 9.9648
82..
313.9
.. 3.3 3.8
.. 1,182 486
.. 15.5 41.7
.. 1,492 39141.0 81.9 72.41.9 15.6 24.8
0.03 0.90 0.530.04 3.27 0.9018.7 97.7 55.7
62 73 74.. 14 8
8,642 5,022 3,077
3.4 11.1 18.998 74 8941 79 7535 70 6964 92 8817 51 388 36 28
53 72 60
20.018.9
82 29 112
18.1 47.2 30.58.7 10.3 9.01.8 2.1 3.40.0 7.1 9.40.0 0.9 1.30.3 0.0 0.60.1 1.2 1.00.4 1.3 0.7
10.5 28.5 11.9
Cambodia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
50 2008 The Little Green Data Book
990 829 2,03855.5 35.8 47.3
4.4 4.1 3.02.5 2.6 1.1
20 44 420.4 3.5 26.379 .. 2,057
136 351 531
45.6 26.5 26.51.0 0.7 0.18.0 11.3 12.8
1,258157
8,26035513.3
5.1 2.7 3.6392 681 1,21678.6 56.3 12.8196 542 1,5025.6 76.1 78.6
94.4 20.1 16.8
0.1 0.6 0.80.2 0.9 3.4
139.0 46.3 71.165 60 6911 .. 21
15,341 5,093 5,769
0.4 3.1 7.374 87 7566 56 8144 42 7186 80 9351 37 5543 28 3958 53 76
11.018.9149 157 36
17.5 19.4 41.49.4 10.7 10.41.6 3.8 2.5
14.9 18.7 11.10.1 2.3 1.10.0 0.4 0.00.2 0.6 1.20.8 0.4 1.1
–6.2 –10.0 18.9
Population (millions) 18 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 465 GDP ($ billions) 18.3
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Cameroon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
51The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 33 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,094 GDP ($ billions) 1,271.6
Country data
High-income group
36,650 36,60880.2 77.6
1.3 1.11.0 0.7
7 361.5 11.0
613 1,18814 325
34.1 29.50.0 –0.16.9 13.0
68377
3,2701
22.2
4.2 6.08,417 5,498
4.6 3.217,285 9,760
25.8 62.557.9 11.5
0.6 0.420.0 13.253.7 22.4
19 27561 467
88,203 9,579
1.6 10.212 42
100 9999 98
100 100100 10099 ..
100 100
..
..6 7
23.7 19.914.6 13.05.2 4.77.4 1.51.1 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.1 0.35.4 9.3
Canada
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
52 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
2,130 829 2,03858.0 35.8 47.3
4.1 4.1 3.02.4 2.5 1.1
18 44 426.1 3.5 26.3
.. .. 2,057470 351 531
20.8 26.5 26.5–2.5 0.7 0.10.2 11.3 12.8
18625
7742
3.2
.. 2.7 3.6
.. 681 1,216
.. 56.3 12.8
.. 542 1,502
.. 76.1 78.6
.. 20.1 16.8
0.2 0.6 0.80.6 0.9 3.4
212.5 46.3 71.1.. 60 69.. .. 21
592 5,093 5,769
7.3 3.1 7.391 87 7580 56 8173 42 7186 80 9343 37 5519 28 3961 53 76
..
..34 157 36
28.8 19.4 41.410.8 10.7 10.4
6.1 3.8 2.50.0 18.7 11.10.0 2.3 1.10.0 0.4 0.00.1 0.6 1.2
.. 0.4 1.123.9 –10.0 18.9
Population (thousands) 519 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4.0 GDP ($ billions) 1.1
Cape Verde
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
53The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
12 36.. 11.0.. 1,1880 325
46.2 29.50.0 –0.13.1 13.0
22122
5392
0.7
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.47.1 13.2
25.0 22.420 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 46 Land area (sq. km) 260 GDP ($ billions) ..
Cayman Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
54 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
350 829 64938.2 35.8 30.4
2.4 4.1 3.12.2 2.6 2.0
8 44 450.1 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..135 351 544
36.5 26.5 23.90.1 0.7 0.6
16.6 11.3 9.9850
173,602
151.7
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.09 0.57 0.530.06 0.92 0.9027.8 46.3 55.7
49 60 741 .. 8
33,640 5,093 3,077
0.0 3.1 18.94 87 89
75 56 7561 42 6993 80 8827 37 3812 28 2847 53 60
10.026.5175 157 112
.. 19.4 30.57.8 10.7 9.01.6 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.1 0.6 1.00.4 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Population (millions) 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 623 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
Central African Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
55The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
450 829 64925.8 35.8 30.4
4.7 4.1 3.13.4 2.6 2.0
39 44 450.8 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..180 351 544
9.5 26.5 23.90.6 0.7 0.69.5 11.3 9.9
63521
1,6002
2.1
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.01 0.57 0.530.01 0.92 0.90
–12.8 46.3 55.7123 60 74
.. .. 8
1,478 5,093 3,077
1.5 3.1 18.983 87 8942 56 7543 42 6941 80 889 37 384 28 28
24 53 60
9.231.2209 157 112
29.5 19.4 30.510.9 10.7 9.01.3 3.8 3.4
65.4 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.0 0.6 1.01.1 0.4 0.7
–46.6 –10.0 11.9
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,259 GDP ($ billions) 6.5
Chad
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
56 2008 The Little Green Data Book
.. 36,60830.6 77.6
0.1 1.10.3 0.7
40 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
2,718 325
5.3 29.50.0 –0.1
.. 13.0
..
..
..
..0.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 149 Land area (sq. km) 190 GDP ($ billions) ..
Channel Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
57The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 16 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 749 GDP ($ billions) 145.8
6,810 4,785 5,91387.9 77.7 75.01.7 2.1 1.41.4 1.5 0.9
20 36 3081.0 12.5 9.0
3,019 1,003 672104 241 112
21.5 45.4 38.8–0.4 0.5 0.23.6 19.7 10.9
60495
5,28439
16.2
6.7 7.0 4.61,815 1,198 2,24815.5 14.8 6.5
3,074 1,715 3,13150.1 37.0 61.948.1 57.6 27.8
0.3 0.3 0.63.9 2.5 5.6
75.1 29.6 –7.753 37 3388 115 140
54,249 24,471 17,199
1.4 2.0 4.064 71 5495 91 9358 73 78
100 96 9891 77 8162 49 6095 86 89
..
..9 26 26
27.6 22.4 22.314.2 12.1 11.4
3.7 4.4 4.40.6 9.1 14.4
27.5 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.4 0.70.6 0.4 0.4
–12.1 1.8 –2.2
Chile
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
58 2008 The Little Green Data Book
2,000 1,856 2,03841.3 42.4 47.33.5 3.5 3.00.9 1.1 1.1
60 51 4235.6 .. 26.3
3,410 .. 2,057543 547 531
21.2 28.4 26.5–1.5 0.1 0.111.8 12.1 12.8
1,801351
32,20044664.8
3.1 3.3 3.61,316 1,182 1,21613.0 15.5 12.8
1,781 1,492 1,50281.9 81.9 78.615.9 15.6 16.8
1.0 0.9 0.83.9 3.3 3.4
108.7 97.7 71.175 73 6915 14 21
2,156 5,022 5,769
22.4 11.1 7.368 74 7577 79 8167 70 7193 92 9344 51 5528 36 3969 72 76
..
..24 29 36
53.8 47.2 41.410.2 10.3 10.4
1.8 2.1 2.55.8 7.1 11.10.7 0.9 1.10.0 0.0 0.01.3 1.2 1.21.5 1.3 1.1
36.1 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 1,312 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,327 GDP ($ billions) 2,644.7
China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
59The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,120 4,785 2,03873.0 77.7 47.3
2.0 2.1 3.01.7 1.5 1.1
38 36 4224.0 12.5 26.3
2,330 1,003 2,057612 241 531
54.7 45.4 26.50.1 0.5 0.1
74.4 19.7 12.82,288
38251,220
22257.3
9.2 7.0 3.6636 1,198 1,21614.4 14.8 12.8890 1,715 1,50221.7 37.0 78.677.2 57.6 16.8
0.2 0.3 0.81.2 2.5 3.4–7.7 29.6 71.123 37 6935 115 21
46,990 24,471 5,769
0.5 2.0 7.346 71 7593 91 8171 73 7199 96 9386 77 5554 49 3996 86 76
9.613.9
21 26 36
20.9 22.4 41.411.4 12.1 10.45.0 4.4 2.59.7 9.1 11.11.7 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 1.20.1 0.4 1.12.5 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 46 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,110 GDP ($ billions) 153.4
Colombia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
60 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
660 829 64937.7 35.8 30.44.0 4.1 3.12.1 2.6 2.0
80 44 45.. 3.5 24.0.. .. ..
473 351 544
2.7 26.5 23.95.7 0.7 0.6
21.7 11.3 9.9153
23721
52.2
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.1 0.6 0.50.1 0.9 0.9
33.3 46.3 55.736 60 74
.. .. 8
1,998 5,093 3,077
0.8 3.1 18.947 87 8986 56 7582 42 6992 80 8833 37 3829 28 2841 53 60
10.118.3
68 157 112
4.3 19.4 30.58.7 10.7 9.04.2 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.1 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.7
–0.6 –10.0 11.9
Population (thousands) 614 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.9 GDP ($ millions) 403
Comoros
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
61The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,267 GDP ($ billions) 8.5
130 829 64932.7 35.8 30.43.9 4.1 3.12.9 2.6 2.0
10 44 450.1 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..595 351 544
58.9 26.5 23.90.3 0.7 0.68.6 11.3 9.9
1,578126
11,00765
17.0
0.9 2.7 3.8289 681 48692.5 56.3 41.7
91 542 3910.3 76.1 72.4
99.7 20.1 24.8
0.1 0.6 0.50.04 0.92 0.90
–47.0 46.3 55.750 60 74
.. .. 8
15,322 5,093 3,077
0.0 3.1 18.931 87 8946 56 7529 42 6982 80 8830 37 3825 28 2842 53 60
11.022.7205 157 112
9.3 19.4 30.56.8 10.7 9.00.9 3.8 3.44.8 18.7 9.44.2 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.6 0.4 0.7
–6.3 –10.0 11.9
Congo, Dem. Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
62 2008 The Little Green Data Book
1,050 829 2,03860.6 35.8 47.3
3.3 4.1 3.02.6 2.6 1.1
31 44 420.4 3.5 26.3
.. .. 2,057290 351 531
65.8 26.5 26.50.1 0.7 0.1
18.0 11.3 12.8763
376,000
353.4
9.8 2.7 3.6332 681 1,216
56.3 56.3 12.8160 542 1,5020.3 76.1 78.6
99.7 20.1 16.8
0.3 0.6 0.81.0 0.9 3.4
201.9 46.3 71.191 60 698 .. 21
61,498 5,093 5,769
0.0 3.1 7.39 87 75
58 56 8127 42 7184 80 9327 37 5525 28 3928 53 76
..
..126 157 36
.. 19.4 41.4
.. 10.7 10.42.6 3.8 2.5
.. 18.7 11.1
.. 2.3 1.1
.. 0.4 0.0
.. 0.6 1.21.0 0.4 1.1
.. –10.0 18.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 342 GDP ($ billions) 7.4
Congo, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
63The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 22.2
4,980 4,785 5,91362.2 77.7 75.0
3.5 2.1 1.42.2 1.5 0.9
57 36 3020.2 12.5 9.0
10,345 1,003 672737 241 112
46.8 45.4 38.80.5 0.5 0.2
23.6 19.7 10.91,070
13112,119
11111.1
9.9 7.0 4.6883 1,198 2,2487.0 14.8 6.5
1,719 1,715 3,1313.3 37.0 61.9
79.6 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.5 2.5 5.6
119.5 29.6 –7.737 37 33
146 115 140
25,975 24,471 17,199
2.4 2.0 4.053 71 5497 91 9392 73 78
100 96 9892 77 8197 49 6089 86 89
..
..12 26 26
19.4 22.4 22.36.2 12.1 11.44.0 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.00.2 0.0 0.00.2 0.4 0.70.3 0.4 0.4
16.5 1.8 –2.2
Costa Rica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
64 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 19 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 318 GDP ($ billions) 17.6
880 829 64945.4 35.8 30.4
3.3 4.1 3.12.5 2.6 2.0
64 44 451.1 3.5 24.0
142 .. ..292 351 544
32.7 26.5 23.9–0.1 0.7 0.617.1 11.3 9.993173
3,6601053.9
3.8 2.7 3.8422 681 486
58.3 56.3 41.7170 542 391
74.2 76.1 72.425.8 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.3 0.9 0.9
–4.2 46.3 55.748 60 74
7 .. 8
4,132 5,093 3,077
1.2 3.1 18.965 87 8984 56 7574 42 6997 80 8837 37 3829 28 2846 53 60
3.720.1127 157 112
15.1 19.4 30.59.6 10.7 9.04.7 3.8 3.4
12.5 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.3 0.6 1.00.4 0.4 0.7
–3.0 –10.0 11.9
Côte d’Ivoire
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
65The Little Green Data Book 2008
9,310 4,815 5,91356.8 63.8 75.0–0.1 0.2 1.4–0.5 0.1 0.9
48 28 300.7 10.9 9.0
1,241 400 672174 129 112
38.2 38.3 38.8–0.1 –0.0 0.26.5 7.0 10.9
46178
4,2881
0.5
6.6 3.3 4.62,000 2,826 2,248
4.0 2.2 6.53,475 3,633 3,13148.5 66.1 61.951.3 17.5 27.8
0.4 0.8 0.65.3 7.1 5.6
–4.5 –30.2 –7.731 29 33
312 152 140
8,485 11,473 17,199
.. 7.5 4.0
.. 59 54100 92 93100 80 78100 99 98100 85 81100 70 60100 93 89
..11.3
6 26 26
24.7 22.6 22.312.9 10.3 11.4
4.5 4.1 4.42.1 18.4 14.40.0 1.1 2.00.2 0.0 0.00.4 1.1 0.70.5 0.5 0.4
13.0 –4.9 –2.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 56 GDP ($ billions) 42.9
Croatia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
66 2008 The Little Green Data Book
.. 4,785 2,03875.4 77.7 47.3
0.5 2.1 3.00.4 1.5 1.1
60 36 4219.5 12.5 26.3191 1,003 2,05775 241 531
24.7 45.4 26.5–1.9 0.5 0.11.4 19.7 12.8
423115
6,522163
13.5
.. 7.0 3.6906 1,198 1,21620.3 14.8 12.8
1,152 1,715 1,50297.5 37.0 78.60.6 57.6 16.8
.. 0.3 0.82.3 2.5 3.4
–19.5 29.6 71.117 37 69.. 115 21
3,384 24,471 5,769
21.5 2.0 7.369 71 7591 91 8178 73 7195 96 9398 77 5595 49 3999 86 76
..
..7 26 36
.. 22.4 41.4
.. 12.1 10.47.1 4.4 2.5
.. 9.1 11.1
.. 3.0 1.1
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 0.4 1.20.1 0.4 1.1
.. 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 110 GDP ($ billions) ..
Cuba
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
67The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
23,270 36,60869.5 77.6
2.0 1.11.8 0.7
18 3620.5 11.0
1,410 1,188194 325
18.8 29.5–0.5 –0.18.3 13.037023
1,6827
0.5
7.3 6.03,368 5,498
0.6 3.25,560 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.4 0.49.1 13.2
45.2 22.447 27
550 467
1,056 9,579
30.0 10.271 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
.. 19.913.9 13.0
5.8 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.9 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 771 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9.2 GDP ($ billions) 18.4
Cyprus
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
68 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 77 GDP ($ billions) 143.0
Country data
High-income group
12,790 36,60873.5 77.6–0.2 1.1–0.1 0.7
55 360.7 11.0
1,525 1,18889 325
34.3 29.50.0 –0.1
18.7 13.047439
1,9004
0.1
4.6 6.04,417 5,498
3.9 3.26,343 9,760
66.0 62.52.9 11.5
0.6 0.411.5 13.2
–27.7 22.422 27
363 467
1,290 9,579
19.5 10.22 42
100 99100 98100 100
98 10097 ..99 100
..
..4 7
25.4 19.913.7 13.04.2 4.70.3 1.50.0 0.20.1 0.00.7 0.30.1 0.3
14.7 9.3
Czech Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
69The Little Green Data Book 2008
52,110 36,60885.7 77.60.4 1.10.4 0.7
61 3611.2 11.0599 1,188
35 325
11.8 29.5–0.8 –0.125.7 13.0508
281,450
30.2
9.3 6.03,621 5,49813.2 3.2
6,663 9,76070.7 62.50.1 11.5
0.3 0.49.8 13.26.4 22.419 27
354 467
1,108 9,579
21.2 10.243 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..5 7
25.0 19.915.0 13.0
8.1 4.73.4 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.1 0.3
14.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 275.4
Denmark
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
70 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 819 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ millions) 769
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
1,060 2,507 2,03886.5 57.5 47.3
3.2 2.6 3.02.4 2.0 1.1
73 22 42.. 33.8 26.3.. 1,050 2,057
11,178 672 531
0.3 2.4 26.50.0 –0.4 0.10.4 3.4 12.841828
8262
0.5
.. 4.7 3.6
.. 1,270 1,216
.. 1.1 12.8
.. 1,358 1,502
.. 92.5 78.6
.. 7.4 16.8
0.3 0.7 0.80.5 3.9 3.44.2 101.1 71.144 77 69
.. 34 21
373 757 5,769
6.3 105.0 7.316 89 7573 89 8159 81 7176 96 9382 76 5550 58 3988 92 76
..
..130 42 36
18.6 .. 41.48.3 10.9 10.46.6 4.6 2.50.0 40.0 11.10.0 0.3 1.10.0 0.1 0.00.4 1.1 1.2
.. 0.6 1.116.6 .. 18.9
Djibouti
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
71The Little Green Data Book 2008
4,160 4,785 5,91373.2 77.7 75.0
0.5 2.1 1.40.0 1.5 0.9
31 36 30.. 12.5 9.0.. 1,003 672
390 241 112
61.3 45.4 38.80.6 0.5 0.2
26.5 19.7 10.9180
271,228
111.1
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.5 2.5 5.6
81.3 29.6 –7.729 37 33
.. 115 140
.. 24,471 17,199
.. 2.0 4.0
.. 71 5497 91 9390 73 78
100 96 9884 77 8175 49 6086 86 89
..
..15 26 26
.. 22.4 22.3
.. 12.1 11.45.0 4.4 4.4
.. 9.1 14.4
.. 3.0 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 0.4 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4
.. 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 72 Land area (sq. km) 750 GDP ($ millions) 319
Dominica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
72 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 9.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 31.8
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
2,910 4,785 2,03867.5 77.7 47.33.0 2.1 3.01.7 1.5 1.1
71 36 4220.8 12.5 26.3
.. 1,003 2,057383 241 531
28.4 45.4 26.50.0 0.5 0.1
24.6 19.7 12.8260
815,657
306.8
6.7 7.0 3.6777 1,198 1,21618.6 14.8 12.8
1,000 1,715 1,50284.8 37.0 78.614.7 57.6 16.8
0.4 0.3 0.82.1 2.5 3.4
105.2 29.6 71.123 37 6978 115 21
2,218 24,471 5,769
16.1 2.0 7.366 71 7595 91 8191 73 7197 96 9378 77 5573 49 3981 86 76
20.020.1
29 26 36
20.7 22.4 41.411.6 12.1 10.41.9 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.13.4 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.6 0.4 1.20.1 0.4 1.16.9 1.8 18.9
Dominican Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
73The Little Green Data Book 2008
2,910 4,785 2,03863.3 77.7 47.3
2.4 2.1 3.01.6 1.5 1.1
27 36 4229.4 12.5 26.3
1,450 1,003 2,057360 241 531
39.2 45.4 26.51.6 0.5 0.1
24.3 19.7 12.81,856
34019,3621,838
30.0
8.4 7.0 3.6799 1,198 1,2165.1 14.8 12.8714 1,715 1,502
48.6 37.0 78.651.4 57.6 16.8
0.4 0.3 0.82.3 2.5 3.4
74.9 29.6 71.126 37 6932 115 21
33,076 24,471 5,769
3.9 2.0 7.382 71 7594 91 8189 73 7197 96 9389 77 5582 49 3994 86 76
57.219.9
24 26 36
28.1 22.4 41.411.4 12.1 10.41.4 4.4 2.5
28.8 9.1 11.10.4 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.5 0.4 1.20.1 0.4 1.1
–11.8 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 277 GDP ($ billions) 41.4
Ecuador
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
74 2008 The Little Green Data Book
1,360 2,507 2,03843.0 57.5 47.3
1.8 2.6 3.01.9 2.0 1.1
4 22 42100.0 33.8 26.37,331 1,050 2,0571,389 672 531
0.1 2.4 26.5–2.8 –0.4 0.15.6 3.4 12.8
59959
2,0762
3.2
5.4 4.7 3.6841 1,270 1,2162.3 1.1 12.8
1,245 1,358 1,50287.9 92.5 78.611.6 7.4 16.8
0.5 0.7 0.82.2 3.9 3.4
109.6 101.1 71.1128 77 69
27 34 21
25 757 5,769
3,794.4 105.0 7.386 89 7598 89 8197 81 7199 96 9370 76 5558 58 3986 92 76
9.018.4
35 42 36
22.1 .. 41.49.8 10.9 10.44.4 4.6 2.5
24.4 40.0 11.10.2 0.3 1.10.2 0.1 0.01.1 1.1 1.21.0 0.6 1.1
–10.2 .. 18.9
Population (millions) 74 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 995 GDP ($ billions) 107.5
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Egypt, Arab Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
75The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 6.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 21 GDP ($ billions) 18.7
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
2,680 4,785 2,03860.1 77.7 47.3
3.0 2.1 3.01.8 1.5 1.1
82 36 424.9 12.5 26.3
1,091 1,003 2,057406 241 531
14.4 45.4 26.51.5 0.5 0.11.9 19.7 12.857129
2,91126
0.8
7.8 7.0 3.6694 1,198 1,21632.4 14.8 12.8666 1,715 1,50242.6 37.0 78.635.0 57.6 16.8
0.2 0.3 0.80.9 2.5 3.4
135.6 29.6 71.135 37 69
.. 115 21
2,669 24,471 5,769
7.2 2.0 7.359 71 7584 91 8170 73 7194 96 9362 77 5539 49 3977 86 76
42.019.8
25 26 36
11.9 22.4 41.411.0 12.1 10.42.8 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.10.0 3.0 1.10.5 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 1.20.3 0.4 1.12.7 1.8 18.9
El Salvador
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
76 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
8,510 829 5,91339.1 35.8 75.0
3.1 4.1 1.42.4 2.6 0.9
12 44 30.. 3.5 9.0.. .. 672
228 351 112
58.2 26.5 38.80.9 0.7 0.2
16.2 11.3 10.957142
3,250631.7
.. 2.7 4.6
.. 681 2,248
.. 56.3 6.5
.. 542 3,131
.. 76.1 61.9
.. 20.1 27.8
0.4 0.6 0.611.5 0.9 5.6
4,525.0 46.3 –7.78 60 33.. .. 140
53,708 5,093 17,199
0.4 3.1 4.01 87 54
43 56 9342 42 7845 80 9853 37 8146 28 6060 53 89
..
..206 157 26
75.4 19.4 22.321.7 10.7 11.41.5 3.8 4.4
142.6 18.7 14.40.0 2.3 2.00.0 0.4 0.00.0 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4–87.5 –10.0 –2.2
Population (thousands) 496 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 8.6
Equatorial Guinea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
77The Little Green Data Book 2008
190 829 64919.8 35.8 30.43.9 4.1 3.12.5 2.6 2.0
75 44 453.5 3.5 24.022 .. ..
573 351 544
15.4 26.5 23.90.3 0.7 0.65.0 11.3 9.9
60738
..3
0.9
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
.. 46.3 55.761 60 74
.. .. 8
619 5,093 3,077
10.7 3.1 18.997 87 8960 56 7557 42 6974 80 889 37 383 28 28
32 53 60
19.023.6
74 157 112
8.7 19.4 30.57.2 10.7 9.04.0 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.31.1 0.4 0.60.4 0.6 1.00.4 0.4 0.73.5 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 4.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 101 GDP ($ billions) 1.1
Eritrea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
78 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 16.4
Country data
High-income group
11,400 36,60869.1 77.6–1.2 1.1–1.0 0.7
20 360.7 11.0
4,867 1,18870 325
53.9 29.5–0.4 –0.121.1 13.0334
141,630
00.0
4.3 6.03,786 5,498
12.1 3.25,567 9,76098.9 62.5
0.2 11.5
0.9 0.414.0 13.2
–33.2 22.414 27
367 467
9,435 9,579
1.2 10.25 42
100 9999 98
100 10097 10096 ..97 100
..
..7 7
25.7 19.912.9 13.0
5.1 4.737.6 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.01.1 0.30.0 0.3
–20.9 9.3
Estonia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
79The Little Green Data Book 2008
170 829 64916.3 35.8 30.44.2 4.1 3.12.6 2.6 2.0
34 44 452.5 3.5 24.026 .. ..
481 351 544
13.0 26.5 23.91.0 0.7 0.6
18.6 11.3 9.91,127
866,603
228.5
2.0 2.7 3.8288 681 48690.6 56.3 41.7
34 542 3910.7 76.1 72.4
99.3 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.1 0.9 0.9
169.1 46.3 55.774 60 741 .. 8
1,623 5,093 3,077
4.6 3.1 18.994 87 8922 56 7511 42 6981 80 8813 37 38
7 28 2844 53 60
12.623.6123 157 112
9.4 19.4 30.56.9 10.7 9.04.0 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.6 2.3 1.36.8 0.4 0.60.5 0.6 1.00.3 0.4 0.7
–1.7 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 77 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,000 GDP ($ billions) 13.3
Ethiopia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
80 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60839.0 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
2 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
985 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.1
.. 13.0268
..236
..0.4
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.413.7 13.2
7.1 22.415 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 48 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.4 GDP ($ billions) ..
Faeroe Islands
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
81The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,720 1,856 2,03851.3 42.4 47.32.2 3.5 3.00.9 1.1 1.1
25 51 421.1 .. 26.3
333 .. 2,057204 547 531
54.7 28.4 26.5–0.1 0.1 0.11.4 12.1 12.8
12735
1,518665.0
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
0.3 0.9 0.81.3 3.3 3.4
31.5 97.7 71.123 73 6996 14 21
34,539 5,022 5,769
0.0 11.1 7.360 74 7547 79 8151 70 7143 92 9372 51 5555 36 3987 72 76
..
..18 29 36
.. 47.2 41.411.4 10.3 10.46.3 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.11.8 0.9 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.3 1.2 1.20.2 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 833 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 3.1
Fiji
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
82 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 305 GDP ($ billions) 210.7
41,360 36,60861.2 77.60.3 1.10.3 0.7
7 362.9 11.0
1,344 1,18891 325
73.9 29.5–0.1 –0.19.7 13.0
50119
1,1021
0.2
4.6 6.06,664 5,498
19.6 3.216,120 9,760
33.2 62.519.5 11.5
0.4 0.412.6 13.228.4 22.4
18 27460 467
20,396 9,579
2.3 10.23 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
26.5 19.915.8 13.0
6.0 4.70.0 1.50.2 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.1 0.3
16.3 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Finland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
83The Little Green Data Book 2008
36,560 36,60876.9 77.6
0.7 1.10.3 0.7
54 3613.3 11.0
2,032 1,18877 325
28.3 29.5–0.5 –0.13.0 13.0
665117
4,6307
3.9
6.7 6.04,534 5,498
4.3 3.27,938 9,760
10.7 62.59.1 11.5
0.2 0.46.2 13.22.7 22.414 27
494 467
2,932 9,579
22.4 10.210 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
18.8 19.912.5 13.05.3 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.0 0.3
11.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 550 GDP ($ billions) 2,248.1
France
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
84 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60851.7 77.61.3 1.11.8 0.7
12 364.0 11.0
2,507 1,1884,116 325
28.7 29.50.0 –0.10.3 13.013777
95947
5.6
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.42.7 13.29.6 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
39,119 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100
98 10097 ..99 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.913.0 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.1 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 259 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3.7 GDP ($ billions) ..
French Polynesia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
85The Little Green Data Book 2008
5,360 829 5,91384.1 35.8 75.03.5 4.1 1.42.2 2.6 0.9
20 44 301.4 3.5 9.027 .. 67265 351 112
84.5 26.5 38.80.0 0.7 0.23.4 11.3 10.9
79843
6,6511083.4
10.4 2.7 4.61,333 681 2,248
58.7 56.3 6.5999 542 3,13147.7 76.1 61.951.9 20.1 27.8
0.08 0.57 0.571.1 0.9 5.6
–77.1 46.3 –7.77 60 33.. .. 140
127,064 5,093 17,199
0.1 3.1 4.042 87 5488 56 9347 42 7895 80 9836 37 8130 28 6037 53 89
13.015.7
91 157 26
52.4 19.4 22.315.3 10.7 11.43.3 3.8 4.4
60.8 18.7 14.40.0 2.3 2.00.0 0.4 0.00.2 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4–20.6 –10.0 –2.2
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 258 GDP ($ billions) 9.5
Gabon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
86 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
290 829 64954.7 35.8 30.4
5.7 4.1 3.13.4 2.6 2.0
81 44 450.6 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..213 351 544
47.1 26.5 23.9–0.4 0.7 0.63.5 11.3 9.9
66831
9744
0.1
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
50.0 46.3 55.795 60 74
5 .. 8
1,855 5,093 3,077
1.0 3.1 18.965 87 8982 56 7577 42 6995 80 8853 37 3846 28 2872 53 60
7.721.5113 157 112
10.3 19.4 30.57.8 10.7 9.02.0 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.6 0.4 0.60.5 0.6 1.00.8 0.4 0.72.7 –10.0 11.9
Population (millions) 1.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ millions) 511
Gambia, The
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
87The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 7.7
1,580 4,815 2,03852.3 63.8 47.3–1.6 0.2 3.0–1.3 0.1 1.1
43 28 4244.0 10.9 26.3378 400 2,057267 129 531
39.7 38.3 26.50.0 –0.0 0.14.3 7.0 12.8
36646
4,3500
0.7
4.9 3.3 3.6718 2,826 1,216
20.1 2.2 12.81,672 3,633 1,50214.2 66.1 78.685.8 17.5 16.8
0.3 0.8 0.80.9 7.1 3.4
–77.3 –30.2 71.151 29 6956 152 21
12,988 11,473 5,769
6.2 7.5 7.359 59 7582 92 8167 80 7196 99 9394 85 5591 70 3996 93 76
3.86.032 26 36
7.7 22.6 41.410.4 10.3 10.42.8 4.1 2.50.4 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.5 1.1 1.21.4 0.5 1.1
–2.2 –4.9 18.9
Georgia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
88 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 82 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 349 GDP ($ billions) 2,896.9
36,810 36,60875.3 77.6
0.4 1.10.2 0.7
49 364.0 11.0
2,122 1,188172 325
31.8 29.5–0.2 –0.132.0 13.061359
2,682120.7
7.3 6.04,180 5,498
3.5 3.27,111 9,76062.9 62.5
3.2 11.5
0.3 0.49.8 13.2
–17.6 22.419 27
550 467
1,297 9,579
44.0 10.220 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
22.9 19.914.7 13.04.5 4.70.3 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.1 0.3
12.1 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Germany
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
89The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
510 829 64948.5 35.8 30.4
4.2 4.1 3.12.4 2.6 2.0
65 44 450.5 3.5 24.075 .. ..
281 351 544
24.2 26.5 23.92.0 0.7 0.6
16.2 11.3 9.997856
3,7251172.0
2.9 2.7 3.8397 681 486
66.0 56.3 41.7266 542 39121.5 76.1 72.478.5 20.1 24.8
0.3 0.6 0.50.3 0.9 0.9
90.8 46.3 55.734 60 74
.. .. 8
1,345 5,093 3,077
3.2 3.1 18.966 87 8975 56 7564 42 6988 80 8818 37 3811 28 2827 53 60
10.017.9120 157 112
27.4 19.4 30.58.5 10.7 9.04.7 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.47.7 2.3 1.31.6 0.4 0.60.5 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.7
13.8 –10.0 11.9
Population (millions) 23 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 228 GDP ($ billions) 12.9
Ghana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
90 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129 GDP ($ billions) 308.4
27,390 36,60859.1 77.60.6 1.10.6 0.7
65 3637.9 11.0
1,652 1,188173 325
29.1 29.5–0.9 –0.13.3 13.0
53095
4,99211
3.0
10.5 6.02,790 5,498
3.3 3.25,242 9,760
89.1 62.58.4 11.5
0.3 0.48.7 13.2
33.5 22.436 27
388 467
5,223 9,579
13.4 10.280 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
16.4 19.96.9 13.03.4 4.70.2 1.50.2 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.7 0.3
11.6 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Greece
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
91The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60883.2 77.6
0.4 1.10.1 0.7
1 36.. 11.0.. 1,188.. 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.10.0 13.0
16614
5291
1.4
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.410.0 13.23.3 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 57 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) ..
Greenland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
92 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 108 Land area (sq. km) 340 GDP ($ millions) 525
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
4,650 4,785 5,91330.7 77.7 75.00.6 2.1 1.40.9 1.5 0.9
38 36 30.. 12.5 9.0.. 1,003 672
3,696 241 112
11.8 45.4 38.80.0 0.5 0.22.1 19.7 10.9
18123
1,0683
0.6
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.62.0 2.5 5.6
78.8 29.6 –7.719 37 33
.. 115 140
.. 24,471 17,199
.. 2.0 4.0
.. 71 5495 91 9393 73 7897 96 9896 77 8197 49 6096 86 89
..
..20 26 26
.. 22.4 22.312.0 12.1 11.45.2 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.0
.. 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 0.70.1 0.4 0.4
.. 1.8 –2.2
Grenada
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
93The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60894.1 77.61.8 1.11.5 0.7
37 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
506 325
48.1 29.50.0 –0.12.4 13.07128
3304
0.6
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.425.0 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 10099 10098 ..99 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 171 Land area (sq. km) 540 GDP ($ billions) ..
Guam
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
94 2008 The Little Green Data Book
2,590 4,785 2,03847.7 77.7 47.33.3 2.1 3.02.4 1.5 1.1
43 36 426.3 12.5 26.3
1,379 1,003 2,057466 241 531
36.3 45.4 26.51.2 0.5 0.1
23.4 19.7 12.8877133
8,681848.9
7.8 7.0 3.6628 1,198 1,216
53.2 14.8 12.8522 1,715 1,502
45.3 37.0 78.642.8 57.6 16.8
0.2 0.3 0.81.0 2.5 3.4
140.1 29.6 71.162 37 69
.. 115 21
8,592 24,471 5,769
1.8 2.0 7.380 71 7595 91 8192 73 7199 96 9386 77 5582 49 3990 86 76
18.013.3
41 26 36
14.5 22.4 41.410.8 12.1 10.4
1.6 4.4 2.51.1 9.1 11.10.0 3.0 1.10.7 0.0 0.00.2 0.4 1.20.4 0.4 1.12.9 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 108 GDP ($ billions) 35.3
Guatemala
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
95The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 9.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 246 GDP ($ billions) 3.3
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
400 829 64933.5 35.8 30.4
3.7 4.1 3.12.6 2.6 2.0
51 44 455.4 3.5 24.028 .. ..
503 351 544
27.4 26.5 23.90.6 0.7 0.66.4 11.3 9.9
85561
3,000222.6
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.1 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
32.2 46.3 55.777 60 74
.. .. 8
25,104 5,093 3,077
0.7 3.1 18.990 87 8950 56 7535 42 6978 80 8818 37 3811 28 2831 53 60
15.021.2161 157 112
8.6 19.4 30.57.9 10.7 9.02.0 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.49.5 2.3 1.32.1 0.4 0.60.3 0.6 1.00.4 0.4 0.7
–9.7 –10.0 11.9
Guinea
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
96 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 304
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
190 829 64929.7 35.8 30.43.4 4.1 3.13.0 2.6 2.0
58 44 454.5 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..375 351 544
73.7 26.5 23.90.4 0.7 0.60.0 11.3 9.9
56029
1,0004
0.7
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.4 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
29.8 46.3 55.780 60 74
.. .. 8
10,019 5,093 3,077
1.1 3.1 18.982 87 8959 56 7549 42 6979 80 8835 37 3823 28 2857 53 60
10.131.5200 157 112
23.5 19.4 30.57.1 10.7 9.02.3 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.7 0.6 1.01.0 0.4 0.7
17.0 –10.0 11.9
Guinea-Bissau
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
97The Little Green Data Book 2008
1,150 4,785 2,03828.3 77.7 47.3–0.2 2.1 3.00.1 1.5 1.1
9 36 4229.4 12.5 26.3163 1,003 2,057111 241 531
76.7 45.4 26.50.0 0.5 0.12.5 19.7 12.8
1,02350
6,40922
3.2
.. 7.0 3.6
.. 1,198 1,216
.. 14.8 12.8
.. 1,715 1,502
.. 37.0 78.6
.. 57.6 16.8
0.6 0.3 0.82.0 2.5 3.4
27.5 29.6 71.135 37 69
.. 115 21
325,908 24,471 5,769
0.7 2.0 7.398 71 7583 91 8183 73 7183 96 9370 77 5560 49 3986 86 76
5.0..
62 26 36
.. 22.4 41.49.9 12.1 10.48.2 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.1
25.3 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.01.4 0.4 1.20.4 0.4 1.1
.. 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 739 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 GDP ($ millions) 896
Guyana
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
98 2008 The Little Green Data Book
430 4,785 64939.5 77.7 30.4
3.6 2.1 3.11.8 1.5 2.0
58 36 458.4 12.5 24.0
.. 1,003 ..729 241 544
3.8 45.4 23.90.7 0.5 0.60.3 19.7 9.9312
915,242
295.8
4.4 7.0 3.8269 1,198 48675.9 14.8 41.7
37 1,715 39152.3 37.0 72.447.7 57.6 24.8
0.2 0.3 0.50.2 2.5 0.9
76.8 29.6 55.739 37 74
.. 115 8
1,398 24,471 3,077
7.6 2.0 18.994 71 8954 91 7556 73 6952 96 8830 77 3814 49 2857 86 60
39.025.7
80 26 112
.. 22.4 30.59.6 12.1 9.01.5 4.4 3.40.0 9.1 9.40.0 3.0 1.30.8 0.0 0.60.3 0.4 1.00.4 0.4 0.7
.. 1.8 11.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 9.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 5.0
Haiti
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
99The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 112 GDP ($ billions) 9.2
1,270 4,785 2,03847.0 77.7 47.33.2 2.1 3.02.2 1.5 1.1
26 36 425.6 12.5 26.3
585 1,003 2,057342 241 531
41.5 45.4 26.53.0 0.5 0.1
21.0 19.7 12.8900102
5,6801107.9
5.8 7.0 3.6566 1,198 1,21642.0 14.8 12.8626 1,715 1,502
66.4 37.0 78.632.3 57.6 16.8
0.4 0.3 0.81.1 2.5 3.4
193.8 29.6 71.146 37 69
.. 115 21
14,033 24,471 5,769
0.9 2.0 7.380 71 7587 91 8181 73 7195 96 9369 77 5554 49 3987 86 76
..19.3
27 26 36
32.3 22.4 41.410.0 12.1 10.43.5 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.12.4 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.5 0.4 1.20.4 0.4 1.1
22.5 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Honduras
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
100 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ billions) 189.8
Country data
High-income group
29,040 36,608100.0 77.6
1.2 1.11.2 0.7
.. 36
.. 11.0
.. 1,188
.. 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.124.7 13.0363
37..6..
13.5 6.02,653 5,498
0.3 3.25,878 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.2 0.45.5 13.2
42.8 22.4.. 27
53 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
31.9 19.913.9 13.0
3.4 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.3
.. 0.321.3 9.3
Hong Kong, China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
101The Little Green Data Book 2008
10,870 4,815 5,91366.7 63.8 75.0–0.1 0.2 1.4–0.2 0.1 0.9
65 28 301.7 10.9 9.0
1,234 400 67274 129 112
22.1 38.3 38.8–0.6 –0.0 0.29.3 7.0 10.9
45555
2,2141
0.2
6.2 3.3 4.62,752 2,826 2,248
4.0 2.2 6.53,771 3,633 3,13155.9 66.1 61.9
0.6 17.5 27.8
0.3 0.8 0.65.7 7.1 5.6
–4.9 –30.2 –7.718 29 33
274 152 140
595 11,473 17,199
127.3 7.5 4.032 59 5499 92 9398 80 78
100 99 9895 85 8185 70 60
100 93 89
..
..7 26 26
20.3 22.6 22.313.6 10.3 11.45.5 4.1 4.41.3 18.4 14.40.0 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.4 1.1 0.70.1 0.5 0.4
10.3 –4.9 –2.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 90 GDP ($ billions) 112.9
Hungary
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
102 2008 The Little Green Data Book
49,960 36,60892.9 77.6
1.2 1.11.1 0.7
23 36.. 11.0
25,249 1,188305 325
0.5 29.5–4.1 –0.14.7 13.0
33817
3770
1.0
2.9 6.012,219 5,498
0.1 3.227,987 9,760
0.1 62.580.8 11.5
0.2 0.47.6 13.2
10.3 22.417 27
632 467
572,873 9,579
0.1 10.26 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..3 7
7.0 19.912.5 13.0
7.4 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.0 0.31.8 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 302 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 100 GDP ($ billions) 16.3
Iceland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
103The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1,110 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,973 GDP ($ billions) 911.8
820 768 64929.0 28.8 30.4
2.5 2.7 3.11.7 1.8 2.0
61 55 4532.9 39.2 24.0
1,290 1,391 ..489 619 544
22.8 16.8 23.9–0.4 –0.1 0.65.3 6.0 9.9
1,602313
18,664247
43.9
4.5 4.6 3.8491 453 48629.4 31.5 41.7480 432 39182.1 79.9 72.414.3 16.7 24.8
0.6 0.5 0.51.2 1.1 0.9
96.9 97.0 55.768 81 74
8 8 8
1,152 1,230 3,077
51.2 51.8 18.986 90 8986 84 7583 81 6995 94 8833 37 3822 27 2859 63 60
19.319.2
76 83 112
33.7 32.1 30.59.0 8.9 9.03.9 3.5 3.44.3 4.5 9.41.2 0.9 1.30.5 0.5 0.61.3 1.1 1.00.7 0.8 0.7
20.6 18.8 11.9
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
India
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
104 2008 The Little Green Data Book
1,420 1,856 2,03849.2 42.4 47.3
4.4 3.5 3.01.4 1.1 1.1
26 51 4212.4 .. 26.3
1,497 .. 2,057498 547 531
48.8 28.4 26.51.8 0.1 0.1
14.3 12.1 12.82,271
46429,375
38690.0
3.9 3.3 3.6814 1,182 1,216
28.5 15.5 12.8509 1,492 1,50286.4 81.9 78.6
8.4 15.6 16.8
0.6 0.9 0.81.7 3.3 3.4
76.8 97.7 71.196 73 69
.. 14 21
12,867 5,022 5,769
2.9 11.1 7.391 74 7577 79 8169 70 7187 92 9355 51 5540 36 3973 72 76
8.010.4
34 29 36
27.6 47.2 41.410.4 10.3 10.40.9 2.1 2.5
11.4 7.1 11.13.1 0.9 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.7 1.2 1.21.2 1.3 1.11.7 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 223 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,812 GDP ($ billions) 364.8
Indonesia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
105The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 70 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,629 GDP ($ billions) 217.9
2,930 2,507 2,03867.4 57.5 47.32.7 2.6 3.01.6 2.0 1.1
29 22 4247.3 33.8 26.3762 1,050 2,057138 672 531
6.8 2.4 26.50.0 –0.4 0.16.5 3.4 12.8
65675
8,0001
7.9
4.0 4.7 3.62,352 1,270 1,216
0.5 1.1 12.82,117 1,358 1,50291.1 92.5 78.68.9 7.4 16.8
0.7 0.7 0.86.4 3.9 3.4
98.5 101.1 71.155 77 6924 34 21
1,860 757 5,769
56.7 105.0 7.391 89 7594 89 8184 81 7199 96 9383 76 5578 58 3986 92 76
24.011.3
34 42 36
40.7 .. 41.411.0 10.9 10.44.4 4.6 2.5
54.2 40.0 11.10.5 0.3 1.10.0 0.1 0.01.3 1.1 1.20.8 0.6 1.1
–22.7 .. 18.9
Iran, Islamic Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
106 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) .. Land area (1,000 sq. km) 437 GDP ($ billions) 12.6
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
.. 2,507 2,038
.. 57.5 47.3
.. 2.6 3.0
.. 2.0 1.1
23 22 4258.6 33.8 26.3
.. 1,050 2,057
.. 672 531
1.9 2.4 26.5–0.1 –0.4 0.10.0 3.4 12.8
49840
..0
1.7
.. 4.7 3.6
.. 1,270 1,2160.1 1.1 12.8
.. 1,358 1,50298.5 92.5 78.6
1.5 7.4 16.8
.. 0.7 0.8
.. 3.9 3.4
.. 101.1 71.1126 77 69
.. 34 21
.. 757 5,769
121.3 105.0 7.392 89 75
.. 89 81
.. 81 71
.. 96 93
.. 76 55
.. 58 39
.. 92 76
..
..46 42 36
.. .. 41.4
.. 10.9 10.4
.. 4.6 2.5
.. 40.0 11.1
.. 0.3 1.1
.. 0.1 0.0
.. 1.1 1.2
.. 0.6 1.1
.. .. 18.9
Iraq
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
107The Little Green Data Book 2008
44,830 36,60860.8 77.6
1.6 1.11.2 0.7
61 36.. 11.0
4,619 1,188135 325
9.7 29.5–2.8 –0.11.1 13.047115
9501
0.7
10.3 6.03,676 5,498
1.6 3.26,234 9,760
92.7 62.52.5 11.5
0.3 0.410.4 13.238.2 22.4
17 27382 467
11,781 9,579
2.3 10.20 42.. 99.. 98
100 100.. 100.. .... 100
..
..5 7
37.7 19.910.7 13.05.3 4.73.4 1.50.4 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.0 0.3
28.2 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 220.1
Ireland
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
108 2008 The Little Green Data Book
40,600 36,60851.9 77.61.0 1.11.0 0.7
46 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
489 325
5.3 29.50.0 –0.1
.. 13.0
..
..
..
..0.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.913.5 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 77 Land area (sq. km) 570 GDP ($ billions) 2.9
Isle of Man
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
109The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22 GDP ($ billions) 140.5
Country data
High-income group
20,170 36,60891.6 77.6
2.7 1.12.6 0.7
24 3640.2 11.0
21,977 1,188183 325
7.9 29.5–0.7 –0.121.3 13.0649
792,317
00.9
8.0 6.02,816 5,498
0.1 3.26,759 9,76099.9 62.5
0.1 11.5
0.5 0.410.5 13.2
114.9 22.431 27
239 467
116 9,579
256.3 10.262 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..100 100
..
..5 7
.. 19.916.7 13.06.7 4.70.3 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.4 0.3
.. 9.3
Israel
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
110 2008 The Little Green Data Book
31,990 36,60867.8 77.60.3 1.10.2 0.7
50 3625.8 11.0
1,569 1,188245 325
33.9 29.5–1.2 –0.111.0 13.0610119
5,59919
4.4
8.8 6.03,160 5,498
2.3 3.25,669 9,76083.5 62.511.4 11.5
0.3 0.47.7 13.2
15.4 22.428 27
595 467
3,114 9,579
24.3 10.245 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
19.3 19.913.4 13.0
4.5 4.70.3 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.2 0.39.7 9.3
Population (millions) 59 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 294 GDP ($ billions) 1,851.0
Country data
High-income group
Italy
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
111The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,560 4,785 2,03853.4 77.7 47.3
1.2 2.1 3.00.7 1.5 1.1
47 36 428.8 12.5 26.3
309 1,003 2,057715 241 531
31.3 45.4 26.50.1 0.5 0.1
16.2 19.7 12.8333
613,308
2094.9
5.0 7.0 3.61,445 1,198 1,216
12.2 14.8 12.82,474 1,715 1,50296.6 37.0 78.6
2.0 57.6 16.8
0.6 0.3 0.84.0 2.5 3.4
33.0 29.6 71.138 37 69
135 115 21
3,541 24,471 5,769
4.4 2.0 7.349 71 7593 91 8188 73 7198 96 9380 77 5569 49 3991 86 76
3.0..
31 26 36
.. 22.4 41.47.6 12.1 10.44.5 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.13.5 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.8 0.4 1.20.2 0.4 1.1
.. 1.8 18.9
Population (millions) 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 10.0
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Jamaica
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
112 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 128 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 365 GDP ($ billions) 4,368.4
Country data
High-income group
38,630 36,60866.0 77.6
0.5 1.10.2 0.7
13 3636.3 11.0
3,908 1,1881,002 325
68.2 29.50.0 –0.1
14.3 13.0763190
5,56512
41.4
7.3 6.04,152 5,498
1.2 3.28,233 9,760
58.9 62.57.1 11.5
0.3 0.49.8 13.2
17.4 22.431 27
441 467
3,365 9,579
20.6 10.262 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
27.3 19.913.9 13.0
3.1 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.5 0.3
15.8 9.3
Japan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
113The Little Green Data Book 2008
2,650 2,507 2,03882.6 57.5 47.34.3 2.6 3.03.5 2.0 1.1
11 22 4229.6 33.8 26.3
7,883 1,050 2,057521 672 531
0.9 2.4 26.50.0 –0.4 0.1
11.0 3.4 12.8490
432,100
00.3
3.3 4.7 3.61,311 1,270 1,216
0.0 1.1 12.81,676 1,358 1,50299.4 92.5 78.6
0.6 7.4 16.8
0.8 0.7 0.83.1 3.9 3.4
61.6 101.1 71.152 77 6978 34 21
129 757 5,769
144.3 105.0 7.375 89 7597 89 8191 81 7199 96 9393 76 5587 58 3994 92 76
6.018.0
25 42 36
13.8 .. 41.410.2 10.9 10.4
5.6 4.6 2.50.4 40.0 11.10.0 0.3 1.10.0 0.1 0.01.0 1.1 1.20.7 0.6 1.17.1 .. 18.9
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 88 GDP ($ billions) 14.1
Jordan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
114 2008 The Little Green Data Book
3,870 4,815 5,91357.6 63.8 75.0–0.3 0.2 1.4–0.4 0.1 0.9
77 28 3015.7 10.9 9.0
64 400 67229 129 112
1.2 38.3 38.80.2 –0.0 0.22.9 7.0 10.9
64255
6,00016
5.4
2.5 3.3 4.63,462 2,826 2,248
0.1 2.2 6.53,206 3,633 3,131
88.4 66.1 61.911.6 17.5 27.8
1.7 0.8 0.613.3 7.1 5.6
–30.5 –30.2 –7.719 29 3393 152 140
4,978 11,473 17,199
46.4 7.5 4.082 59 5486 92 9373 80 7897 99 9872 85 8152 70 6087 93 89
3.013.4
29 26 26
34.5 22.6 22.313.1 10.3 11.44.4 4.1 4.4
52.4 18.4 14.44.2 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.02.1 1.1 0.70.3 0.5 0.4
–33.2 –4.9 –2.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 15 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,700 GDP ($ billions) 81.0
Kazakhstan
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
115The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 37 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 569 GDP ($ billions) 22.8
580 829 64921.0 35.8 30.4
3.7 4.1 3.12.8 2.6 2.0
47 44 451.8 3.5 24.0178 .. ..536 351 544
6.2 26.5 23.90.3 0.7 0.6
12.6 11.3 9.91,510
1726,506
1039.9
2.8 2.7 3.8484 681 48674.6 56.3 41.7138 542 39129.5 76.1 72.450.4 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.3 0.9 0.9
81.7 46.3 55.738 60 74
9 .. 8
581 5,093 3,077
7.6 3.1 18.964 87 8961 56 7546 42 6983 80 8843 37 3841 28 2846 53 60
18.017.1121 157 112
10.1 19.4 30.59.6 10.7 9.06.3 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.1 2.3 1.31.0 0.4 0.60.4 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.75.2 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Kenya
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
116 2008 The Little Green Data Book
1,240 1,856 2,03848.2 42.4 47.3
4.0 3.5 3.02.0 1.1 1.1
46 51 42.. .. 26.3.. .. 2,057
2,604 547 531
2.5 28.4 26.50.0 0.1 0.1
138.9 12.1 12.8511360
..1.6
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
0.09 0.90 0.820.3 3.3 3.4
33.3 97.7 71.1.. 73 69.. 14 21
.. 5,022 5,769
.. 11.1 7.3
.. 74 7565 79 8153 70 7177 92 9340 51 5522 36 3959 72 76
..
..64 29 36
.. 47.2 41.45.2 10.3 10.4
.. 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.10.0 0.9 1.1
.. 0.0 0.00.2 1.2 1.2
.. 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 100 Land area (sq. km) 810 GDP ($ millions) 71
Kiribati
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
117The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
.. 1,856 64962.0 42.4 30.4
1.4 3.5 3.11.0 1.1 2.0
25 51 4550.3 .. 24.0
.. .. ..324 547 544
51.4 28.4 23.91.9 0.1 0.62.6 12.1 9.947444
2,8983
0.7
.. 3.3 3.8898 1,182 4864.9 15.5 41.7817 1,492 391
42.7 81.9 72.457.3 15.6 24.8
.. 0.9 0.53.4 3.3 0.9
–67.7 97.7 55.773 73 74
.. 14 8
2,837 5,022 3,077
13.5 11.1 18.955 74 89
100 79 75100 70 69100 92 8859 51 3860 36 2858 72 60
12.0..
55 29 112
.. 47.2 30.5
.. 10.3 9.0
.. 2.1 3.4
.. 7.1 9.4
.. 0.9 1.3
.. 0.0 0.6
.. 1.2 1.0
.. 1.3 0.7
.. 28.5 11.9
Korea, Dem. Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
118 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 48 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 99 GDP ($ billions) 888.0
Country data
High-income group
17,690 36,60881.0 77.61.3 1.10.8 0.7
19 3647.6 11.0
4,448 1,188571 325
63.5 29.50.1 –0.13.6 13.051254
2,8980
1.8
4.8 6.04,426 5,498
1.0 3.27,779 9,76060.6 62.5
0.9 11.5
0.5 0.49.7 13.2
93.0 22.437 27
230 467
1,344 9,579
28.6 10.248 4292 9971 9897 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..5 7
30.5 19.913.3 13.0
4.0 4.70.1 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.6 0.3
20.0 9.3
Korea, Rep.
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
119The Little Green Data Book 2008
30,630 36,60898.3 77.6
1.3 1.11.3 0.7
9 3672.2 11.0
31,893 1,188287 325
0.3 29.5–4.7 –0.10.0 13.0
38123
234..
0.1
3.9 6.011,100 5,498
0.0 3.215,345 9,760
100.0 62.50.0 11.5
1.0 0.440.4 13.2
128.8 22.4101 27349 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.252 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..11 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.04.2 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.20.0 0.0
.. 0.31.4 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 2.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 80.8
Kuwait
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
120 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 192 GDP ($ billions) 2.8
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Low-income group
500 4,815 64936.0 63.8 30.4
0.7 0.2 3.11.0 0.1 2.0
56 28 4573.8 10.9 24.0223 400 ..257 129 544
4.5 38.3 23.9–0.3 –0.0 0.63.7 7.0 9.9
26522
4,50014
1.2
3.2 3.3 3.8544 2,826 4860.1 2.2 41.7
1,842 3,633 39113.1 66.1 72.486.9 17.5 24.8
0.6 0.8 0.51.1 7.1 0.9
–54.5 –30.2 55.724 29 7439 152 8
9,041 11,473 3,077
21.7 7.5 18.994 59 8977 92 7566 80 6998 99 8859 85 3851 70 2875 93 60
4.017.6
41 26 112
4.5 22.6 30.58.5 10.3 9.04.4 4.1 3.41.1 18.4 9.40.0 1.1 1.30.0 0.0 0.61.3 1.1 1.00.3 0.5 0.7
–2.3 –4.9 11.9
Kyrgyz Republic
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
121The Little Green Data Book 2008
500 1,856 64921.0 42.4 30.4
4.1 3.5 3.12.2 1.1 2.0
8 51 4516.5 .. 24.0
.. .. ..450 547 544
69.9 28.4 23.90.5 0.1 0.6
16.2 12.1 9.991977
8,28621
5.4
.. 3.3 3.8
.. 1,182 486
.. 15.5 41.7
.. 1,492 391
.. 81.9 72.4
.. 15.6 24.8
0.1 0.9 0.50.2 3.3 0.9
454.0 97.7 55.747 73 74
.. 14 8
33,616 5,022 3,077
1.6 11.1 18.990 74 8951 79 7543 70 6979 92 8830 51 3820 36 2867 72 60
1.06.275 29 112
21.8 47.2 30.59.7 10.3 9.01.1 2.1 3.40.0 7.1 9.40.0 0.9 1.30.0 0.0 0.60.4 1.2 1.00.8 1.3 0.7
12.1 28.5 11.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 5.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 231 GDP ($ billions) 3.4
Lao PDR
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
122 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 62 GDP ($ billions) 20.1
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Upper middle-income group
8,100 4,815 5,91367.9 63.8 75.0–1.1 0.2 1.4–1.0 0.1 0.9
28 28 302.1 10.9 9.0
724 400 67268 129 112
47.2 38.3 38.8–0.4 –0.0 0.215.6 7.0 10.9393
231,153
00.0
6.4 3.3 4.62,050 2,826 2,24830.2 2.2 6.5
2,702 3,633 3,13130.4 66.1 61.967.8 17.5 27.8
0.3 0.8 0.63.1 7.1 5.6
–51.1 –30.2 –7.715 29 33
323 152 140
7,259 11,473 17,199
1.8 7.5 4.013 59 5499 92 9396 80 78
100 99 9878 85 8171 70 6082 93 89
..
..9 26 26
17.5 22.6 22.318.2 10.3 11.4
5.6 4.1 4.40.0 18.4 14.40.0 1.1 2.00.7 0.0 0.00.3 1.1 0.70.0 0.5 0.43.8 –4.9 –2.2
Latvia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
123The Little Green Data Book 2008
5,580 2,507 5,91386.7 57.5 75.02.2 2.6 1.41.9 2.0 0.9
38 22 3031.3 33.8 9.0
1,358 1,050 672289 672 112
13.3 2.4 38.8–0.8 –0.4 0.20.7 3.4 10.9
44738
3,0000
0.2
6.9 4.7 4.61,391 1,270 2,248
2.3 1.1 6.52,242 1,358 3,131
89.7 92.5 61.910.3 7.4 27.8
0.4 0.7 0.64.1 3.9 5.6
78.7 101.1 –7.740 77 33
.. 34 140
1,197 757 17,199
28.8 105.0 4.067 89 54
100 89 93100 81 78100 96 98
98 76 8187 58 60
100 92 89
3.519.3
30 42 26
–4.5 .. 22.311.9 10.9 11.42.5 4.6 4.40.0 40.0 14.40.0 0.3 2.00.0 0.1 0.00.6 1.1 0.70.9 0.6 0.4
–15.4 .. –2.2
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) 22.7
Lebanon
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
124 2008 The Little Green Data Book
980 829 2,03819.0 35.8 47.32.0 4.1 3.01.4 2.6 1.1
77 44 420.9 3.5 26.3
.. .. 2,057488 351 531
0.3 26.5 26.5–3.2 0.7 0.10.2 11.3 12.8370
111,591
10.3
.. 2.7 3.6
.. 681 1,216
.. 56.3 12.8
.. 542 1,502
.. 76.1 78.6
.. 20.1 16.8
.. 0.6 0.8
.. 0.9 3.4
.. 46.3 71.142 60 69
.. .. 21
2,625 5,093 5,769
1.0 3.1 7.320 87 7579 56 8176 42 7192 80 9337 37 5532 28 3961 53 76
18.7..
132 157 36
21.8 19.4 41.47.1 10.7 10.49.3 3.8 2.50.0 18.7 11.10.0 2.3 1.11.4 0.4 0.00.0 0.6 1.20.2 0.4 1.1
22.4 –10.0 18.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
Lesotho
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
125The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96 GDP ($ billions) 631
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
130 829 64958.8 35.8 30.4
4.9 4.1 3.13.2 2.6 2.0
27 44 450.5 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..378 351 544
32.7 26.5 23.91.7 0.7 0.6
15.8 11.3 9.975960
2,200462.9
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.5 0.6 0.50.1 0.9 0.90.8 46.3 55.745 60 74
.. .. 8
58,109 5,093 3,077
0.1 3.1 18.955 87 8961 56 7552 42 6972 80 8827 37 387 28 28
49 53 60
39.0..
235 157 112
.. 19.4 30.58.7 10.7 9.0
.. 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.1 2.3 1.36.0 0.4 0.60.6 0.6 1.00.5 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Liberia
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
126 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,760 GDP ($ billions) 50.3
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
7,290 2,507 5,91385.1 57.5 75.0
2.5 2.6 1.42.0 2.0 0.9
9 22 3021.9 33.8 9.0671 1,050 672
51 672 112
0.1 2.4 38.80.0 –0.4 0.20.1 3.4 10.941331
1,8251
1.7
3.4 4.7 4.63,218 1,270 2,248
0.8 1.1 6.53,299 1,358 3,131100.0 92.5 61.9
0.0 7.4 27.8
1.0 0.7 0.610.3 3.9 5.658.5 101.1 –7.7
94 77 33232 34 140
101 757 17,199
711.3 105.0 4.083 89 5471 89 9368 81 7872 96 9897 76 8196 58 6097 92 89
4.316.9
18 42 26
.. .. 22.312.2 10.9 11.4
.. 4.6 4.481.3 40.0 14.4
0.0 0.3 2.00.0 0.1 0.00.8 1.1 0.7
.. 0.6 0.4
.. .. –2.2
Libya
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
127The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60814.6 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
44 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
742 325
43.8 29.5–1.0 –0.138.8 13.0297
61,410
00.0
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.434 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..3 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 35 Land area (sq. km) 160 GDP ($ billions) ..
Liechtenstein
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
128 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 3.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 GDP ($ billions) 29.8
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Upper middle-income group
7,930 4,815 5,91366.6 63.8 75.0–0.6 0.2 1.4–0.5 0.1 0.9
45 28 300.4 10.9 9.0
1,198 400 67260 129 112
33.5 38.3 38.8–0.5 –0.0 0.29.5 7.0 10.9
29820
1,796..
0.0
5.6 3.3 4.62,515 2,826 2,248
8.3 2.2 6.53,104 3,633 3,131
23.7 66.1 61.93.1 17.5 27.8
0.3 0.8 0.63.9 7.1 5.6
–45.4 –30.2 –7.719 29 33
426 152 140
4,569 11,473 17,199
1.7 7.5 4.07 59 54.. 92 93.. 80 78.. 99 98.. 85 81.. 70 60.. 93 89
..
..8 26 26
14.5 22.6 22.313.0 10.3 11.4
5.1 4.1 4.40.3 18.4 14.40.0 1.1 2.00.1 0.0 0.00.4 1.1 0.70.2 0.5 0.45.6 –4.9 –2.2
Lithuania
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
129The Little Green Data Book 2008
71,240 36,60882.7 77.61.3 1.11.2 0.7
50 36.. 11.0
4,907 1,188131 325
33.6 29.5–0.1 –0.117.0 13.0350
71,246
00.0
6.7 6.010,457 5,498
1.3 3.215,971 9,760
92.7 62.53.0 11.5
0.4 0.424.9 13.213.9 22.4
15 27647 467
2,190 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
34.7 19.919.4 13.0
3.7 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.0 0.3
24.6 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 462 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.6 GDP ($ billions) 41.5
Luxembourg
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
130 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 478 Land area (sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
1.6 1.11.6 0.7
.. 36
.. 11.0
.. 1,188
.. 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.1
.. 13.060
..
..
..
..
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
0.1 0.44.7 13.2
115.0 22.4.. 27
134 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.912.4 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.2 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Macao, China
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
131The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,070 4,815 2,03869.6 63.8 47.3
1.6 0.2 3.00.4 0.1 1.1
49 28 429.0 10.9 26.3
225 400 2,057112 129 531
35.6 38.3 26.50.0 –0.0 0.17.9 7.0 12.8
38034
3,5000
0.2
5.5 3.3 3.61,346 2,826 1,216
5.6 2.2 12.83,417 3,633 1,50278.5 66.1 78.621.5 17.5 16.8
0.7 0.8 0.85.1 7.1 3.4
–33.0 –30.2 71.120 29 69
150 152 21
2,655 11,473 5,769
.. 7.5 7.3
.. 59 75
.. 92 81
.. 80 71
.. 99 93
.. 85 55
.. 70 39
.. 93 76
..
..17 26 36
22.1 22.6 41.410.8 10.3 10.44.9 4.1 2.50.0 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.2 0.0 0.01.4 1.1 1.20.1 0.5 1.1
14.5 –4.9 18.9
Country data
Europe & Central
Asiagroup
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 6.2
Macedonia, FYR
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
132 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 19 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 582 GDP ($ billions) 5.5
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
280 829 64927.1 35.8 30.43.8 4.1 3.12.9 2.6 2.0
70 44 4530.6 3.5 24.0
54 .. ..463 351 544
22.1 26.5 23.90.4 0.7 0.63.1 11.3 9.9
427262
9,50528031.4
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
189.9 46.3 55.735 60 74
.. .. 8
18,077 5,093 3,077
4.4 3.1 18.996 87 8946 56 7535 42 6977 80 8832 37 3826 28 2848 53 60
9.012.8115 157 112
16.3 19.4 30.57.6 10.7 9.02.7 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.3 0.6 1.00.2 0.4 0.7
10.9 –10.0 11.9
Madagascar
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
133The Little Green Data Book 2008
230 829 64917.7 35.8 30.44.9 4.1 3.12.3 2.6 2.0
49 44 452.2 3.5 24.0
353 .. ..421 351 544
36.2 26.5 23.90.9 0.7 0.6
20.6 11.3 9.9865141
3,76514
3.9
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.1 0.6 0.50.08 0.92 0.9073.8 46.3 55.7
34 60 74.. .. 8
1,217 5,093 3,077
6.3 3.1 18.980 87 8973 56 7568 42 6998 80 8861 37 3861 28 2862 53 60
27.017.6120 157 112
15.7 19.4 30.57.3 10.7 9.04.9 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.6 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.2 0.4 0.7
12.2 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 94 GDP ($ billions) 3.2
Malawi
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
134 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 26 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 329 GDP ($ billions) 150.7
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
5,620 1,856 5,91368.2 42.4 75.0
4.3 3.5 1.42.3 1.1 0.9
24 51 304.8 .. 9.0
8,432 .. 672466 547 112
63.6 28.4 38.80.5 0.1 0.2
30.7 12.1 10.91,083
22515,500
68614.8
4.9 3.3 4.62,389 1,182 2,248
4.5 15.5 6.53,262 1,492 3,131
93.4 81.9 61.96.6 15.6 27.8
0.6 0.9 0.67.0 3.3 5.6
221.1 97.7 –7.725 73 33
225 14 140
22,609 5,022 17,199
1.6 11.1 4.062 74 5499 79 9396 70 78
100 92 9894 51 8193 36 6095 72 89
..
..12 29 26
32.7 47.2 22.312.1 10.3 11.45.8 2.1 4.4
22.1 7.1 14.40.0 0.9 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.8 1.2 0.70.1 1.3 0.43.3 28.5 –2.2
Malaysia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
135The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,010 768 2,03830.1 28.8 47.33.0 2.7 3.02.1 1.8 1.1
47 55 42.. 39.2 26.3
220 1,391 2,0575,197 619 531
3.3 16.8 26.50.0 –0.1 0.1
.. 6.0 12.8181
14583
..1.8
.. 4.6 3.6
.. 453 1,216
.. 31.5 12.8
.. 432 1,502
.. 79.9 78.6
.. 16.7 16.8
0.6 0.5 0.82.5 1.1 3.4
371.4 97.0 71.135 81 69
6 8 21
.. 1,230 5,769
.. 51.8 7.3
.. 90 7583 84 8176 81 7198 94 9359 37 5542 27 39
100 63 76
22.07.930 83 36
37.7 32.1 41.411.5 8.9 10.46.0 3.5 2.50.0 4.5 11.10.0 0.9 1.10.0 0.5 0.00.8 1.1 1.20.3 0.8 1.1
31.5 18.8 18.9
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 300 Land area (sq. km) 300 GDP ($ millions) 927
Maldives
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
136 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 12 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,220 GDP ($ billions) 5.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
460 829 64931.1 35.8 30.44.6 4.1 3.12.8 2.6 2.0
32 44 454.9 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..168 351 544
10.3 26.5 23.90.7 0.7 0.63.8 11.3 9.9
75821
1,7416
1.6
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.05 0.57 0.530.05 0.92 0.9033.9 46.3 55.7171 60 74
.. .. 8
5,167 5,093 3,077
10.9 3.1 18.990 87 8950 56 7536 42 6978 80 8846 37 3839 28 2859 53 60
10.018.6217 157 112
13.8 19.4 30.58.8 10.7 9.03.6 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.1 0.6 1.01.6 0.4 0.77.0 –10.0 11.9
Mali
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
137The Little Green Data Book 2008
15,310 36,60895.5 77.6
1.1 1.10.8 0.7
31 3618.2 11.0773 1,188211 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.115.6 13.039120
9143
0.1
8.7 6.02,352 5,498
0.0 3.24,917 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.3 0.46.1 13.29.9 22.4
.. 27523 467
248 9,579
50.5 10.220 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..100 100
..
..6 7
.. 19.913.4 13.04.3 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.3 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 406 Land area (sq. km) 320 GDP ($ billions) 6.4
Malta
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
138 2008 The Little Green Data Book
2,980 1,856 2,03866.9 42.4 47.3
2.4 3.5 3.02.2 1.1 1.1
78 51 42.. .. 26.35 .. 2,057
1,053 547 531
.. 28.4 26.5
.. 0.1 0.1420.6 12.1 12.8
6115
100..
1.6
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
.. 0.9 0.8
.. 3.3 3.4
.. 97.7 71.1
.. 73 69
.. 14 21
.. 5,022 5,769
.. 11.1 7.3
.. 74 7587 79 8196 70 7182 92 9382 51 5558 36 3993 72 76
..
..56 29 36
.. 47.2 41.48.4 10.3 10.46.6 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.10.0 0.9 1.1
.. 0.0 0.00.0 1.2 1.2
.. 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 65 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ millions) 155
Marshall Islands
Green08 0424.indd 138 4/24/08 1:50:47 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
139The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 3.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,031 GDP ($ billions) 2.7
760 829 64940.6 35.8 30.4
2.9 4.1 3.12.8 2.6 2.0
39 44 459.8 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..353 351 544
0.3 26.5 23.92.9 0.7 0.60.2 11.3 9.961544
1,100..
1.4
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.5 0.6 0.50.9 0.9 0.9
–3.1 46.3 55.7104 60 74
.. .. 8
135 5,093 3,077
425.0 3.1 18.988 87 8953 56 7544 42 6959 80 8834 37 38
8 28 2849 53 60
10.018.3125 157 112
27.5 19.4 30.58.7 10.7 9.02.4 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.4
24.2 2.3 1.30.4 0.4 0.60.8 0.6 1.02.8 0.4 0.7
–7.0 –10.0 11.9
Mauritania
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
140 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 6.3
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
5,430 829 5,91342.5 35.8 75.00.9 4.1 1.41.1 2.6 0.9
56 44 3020.8 3.5 9.0
2,575 .. 672716 351 112
18.2 26.5 38.80.4 0.7 0.23.3 11.3 10.915165
750884.2
.. 2.7 4.6
.. 681 2,248
.. 56.3 6.5
.. 542 3,131
.. 76.1 61.9
.. 20.1 27.8
0.3 0.6 0.62.6 0.9 5.6
118.5 46.3 –7.717 60 3396 .. 140
2,252 5,093 17,199
21.8 3.1 4.0.. 87 54
100 56 93100 42 78100 80 9894 37 8194 28 6095 53 89
..
..14 157 26
18.9 19.4 22.311.5 10.7 11.43.8 3.8 4.40.0 18.7 14.40.0 2.3 2.00.0 0.4 0.00.4 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.410.8 –10.0 –2.2
Mauritius
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
141The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
.. 829 5,913
.. 35.8 75.0
.. 4.1 1.4
.. 2.6 0.9
53 44 30.. 3.5 9.0.. .. 672.. 351 112
13.4 26.5 38.81.2 0.7 0.2
.. 11.3 10.9
..
..
..
..0.3
.. 2.7 4.6
.. 681 2,248
.. 56.3 6.5
.. 542 3,131
.. 76.1 61.9
.. 20.1 27.8
.. 0.6 0.6
.. 0.9 5.6
.. 46.3 –7.7
.. 60 33
.. .. 140
.. 5,093 17,199
.. 3.1 4.0
.. 87 54
.. 56 93
.. 42 78
.. 80 98
.. 37 81
.. 28 60
.. 53 89
..
..
.. 157 26
.. 19.4 22.3
.. 10.7 11.4
.. 3.8 4.4
.. 18.7 14.4
.. 2.3 2.0
.. 0.4 0.0
.. 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.4
.. –10.0 –2.2
Population (thousands) 187 Land area (sq. km) 374 GDP ($ billions) ..
Mayotte
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
142 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 104 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,944 GDP ($ billions) 839.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
7,830 4,785 5,91376.3 77.7 75.0
1.7 2.1 1.41.4 1.5 0.9
55 36 3022.8 12.5 9.0692 1,003 672
99 241 112
33.0 45.4 38.80.5 0.5 0.25.1 19.7 10.9
1,570579
26,071261
75.8
6.6 7.0 4.61,712 1,198 2,248
4.7 14.8 6.51,899 1,715 3,131
79.4 37.0 61.911.8 57.6 27.8
0.4 0.3 0.64.3 2.5 5.65.9 29.6 –7.740 37 33
137 115 140
3,967 24,471 17,199
19.1 2.0 4.077 71 5497 91 9387 73 78
100 96 9879 77 8141 49 6091 86 89
..9.735 26 26
22.2 22.4 22.312.4 12.1 11.45.3 4.4 4.4
10.6 9.1 14.40.6 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.4 0.70.4 0.4 0.43.1 1.8 –2.2
Mexico
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
143The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
2,390 1,856 2,03822.4 42.4 47.3
0.0 3.5 3.00.9 1.1 1.1
44 51 42.. .. 26.3.. .. 2,057
2,851 547 531
90.0 28.4 26.50.0 0.1 0.17.3 12.1 12.8
10531
1,1945
3.0
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
.. 0.9 0.8
.. 3.3 3.4
.. 97.7 71.1
.. 73 69
.. 14 21
.. 5,022 5,769
.. 11.1 7.3
.. 74 7594 79 8194 70 7195 92 9328 51 5514 36 3961 72 76
..
..41 29 36
.. 47.2 41.49.7 10.3 10.4
.. 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.10.0 0.9 1.1
.. 0.0 0.00.0 1.2 1.2
.. 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Population (thousands) 111 Land area (sq. km) 700 GDP ($ millions) 245
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
144 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33 GDP ($ billions) 3.4
1,080 4,815 2,03847.0 63.8 47.3–0.8 0.2 3.0–0.8 0.1 1.1
77 28 4210.7 10.9 26.3149 400 2,057112 129 531
10.0 38.3 26.5–0.2 –0.0 0.11.4 7.0 12.8
25328
1,7520
0.0
2.4 3.3 3.6917 2,826 1,2162.1 2.2 12.8
1,428 3,633 1,50298.4 66.1 78.6
1.6 17.5 16.8
1.0 0.8 0.82.0 7.1 3.4
–67.8 –30.2 71.138 29 6970 152 21
258 11,473 5,769
231.0 7.5 7.333 59 7592 92 8188 80 7197 99 9368 85 5552 70 3986 93 76
7.07.419 26 36
20.3 22.6 41.48.1 10.3 10.43.6 4.1 2.50.1 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.01.7 1.1 1.20.7 0.5 1.1
13.3 –4.9 18.9
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Moldova
Green08 0424.indd 144 4/24/08 1:50:48 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
145The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,608100.0 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
.. 36
.. 11.0
.. 1,188
.. 325
0.0 29.5.. –0.1
51.3 13.0169..0..
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.4
.. 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99
.. 98100 100100 100
.. ..100 100
..
..4 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Population (thousands) 33 Land area (sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
Monaco
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
146 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,567 GDP ($ billions) 3.1
1,000 1,856 64956.9 42.4 30.4
1.3 3.5 3.11.3 1.1 2.0
83 51 457.0 .. 24.037 .. ..95 547 544
6.5 28.4 23.90.8 0.1 0.6
13.9 12.1 9.952738
2,8230
4.4
.. 3.3 3.8
.. 1,182 486
.. 15.5 41.7
.. 1,492 391
.. 81.9 72.4
.. 15.6 24.8
1.4 0.9 0.53.4 3.3 0.9
–14.4 97.7 55.764 73 7428 14 8
13,626 5,022 3,077
1.3 11.1 18.952 74 8962 79 7530 70 6987 92 8859 51 3837 36 2875 72 60
2.38.043 29 112
45.3 47.2 30.57.9 10.3 9.05.1 2.1 3.42.8 7.1 9.4
26.4 0.9 1.30.0 0.0 0.62.5 1.2 1.01.1 1.3 0.79.7 28.5 11.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
Mongolia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
147The Little Green Data Book 2008
4,130 4,815 5,913.. 63.8 75.0.. 0.2 1.4
0.1 0.1 0.9
.. 28 30
.. 10.9 9.0
.. 400 672
.. 129 112
.. 38.3 38.8
.. –0.0 0.2
.. 7.0 10.9
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 2,826 2,248
.. 2.2 6.5
.. 3,633 3,131
.. 66.1 61.9
.. 17.5 27.8
.. 0.8 0.6
.. 7.1 5.6
.. –30.2 –7.7
.. 29 33
.. 152 140
.. 11,473 17,199
.. 7.5 4.0
.. 59 54
.. 92 93
.. 80 78
.. 99 98
.. 85 81
.. 70 60
.. 93 89
..
..10 26 26
.. 22.6 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 4.1 4.4
.. 18.4 14.4
.. 1.1 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 0.5 0.4
.. –4.9 –2.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 601 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 14 GDP ($ billions) 2.5
Montenegro
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
148 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 30 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 446 GDP ($ billions) 65.4
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
2,160 2,507 2,03859.3 57.5 47.3
2.7 2.6 3.01.5 2.0 1.1
68 22 4215.4 33.8 26.3426 1,050 2,057147 672 531
9.8 2.4 26.5–0.1 –0.4 0.11.1 3.4 12.8
55976
3,6752
4.0
7.8 4.7 3.6458 1,270 1,2163.3 1.1 12.8
644 1,358 1,50292.8 92.5 78.6
6.3 7.4 16.8
0.4 0.7 0.81.4 3.9 3.4
75.2 101.1 71.122 77 6946 34 21
962 757 5,769
43.4 105.0 7.387 89 7581 89 8156 81 7199 96 9373 76 5552 58 3988 92 76
12.010.4
37 42 36
35.0 .. 41.410.5 10.9 10.46.5 4.6 2.50.2 40.0 11.10.8 0.3 1.10.0 0.1 0.00.5 1.1 1.20.1 0.6 1.1
29.4 .. 18.9
Morocco
Green08 0424.indd 148 4/24/08 1:50:49 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
149The Little Green Data Book 2008
310 829 64935.3 35.8 30.4
5.9 4.1 3.12.7 2.6 2.0
62 44 452.6 3.5 24.016 .. ..
306 351 544
24.5 26.5 23.90.3 0.7 0.65.8 11.3 9.991393
5,69246
8.2
1.4 2.7 3.8497 681 486
85.4 56.3 41.7450 542 3910.2 76.1 72.4
99.8 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.1 0.9 0.9
117.3 46.3 55.728 60 74
.. .. 8
4,885 5,093 3,077
0.6 3.1 18.987 87 8943 56 7526 42 6972 80 8832 37 3819 28 2853 53 60
10.020.7138 157 112
3.5 19.4 30.58.5 10.7 9.03.7 3.8 3.4
11.5 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.5 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.2 0.4 0.7
–13.8 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 786 GDP ($ billions) 6.8
Mozambique
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
150 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 48 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 658 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
.. 1,856 64931.3 42.4 30.4
2.6 3.5 3.11.2 1.1 2.0
17 51 4517.0 .. 24.0
2 .. ..331 547 544
49.0 28.4 23.91.3 0.1 0.65.4 12.1 9.9
1,335118
7,00038
10.6
2.7 3.3 3.8307 1,182 486
69.6 15.5 41.782 1,492 391
50.2 81.9 72.449.8 15.6 24.8
0.3 0.9 0.50.2 3.3 0.9
128.7 97.7 55.763 73 74
4 14 8
18,358 5,022 3,077
3.8 11.1 18.998 74 8978 79 7577 70 6980 92 8877 51 3872 36 2888 72 60
2.0..
104 29 112
.. 47.2 30.5
.. 10.3 9.00.8 2.1 3.4
.. 7.1 9.4
.. 0.9 1.3
.. 0.0 0.6
.. 1.2 1.00.6 1.3 0.7
.. 28.5 11.9
Myanmar
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
151The Little Green Data Book 2008
3,210 829 2,03835.7 35.8 47.33.9 4.1 3.02.3 2.6 1.1
47 44 421.0 3.5 26.319 .. 2,057
161 351 531
9.3 26.5 26.50.9 0.7 0.15.6 11.3 12.881155
3,17424
5.9
6.7 2.7 3.6683 681 1,21613.5 56.3 12.8
1,428 542 1,5023.0 76.1 78.6
97.0 20.1 16.8
0.3 0.6 0.81.2 0.9 3.4
.. 46.3 71.142 60 6942 .. 21
3,070 5,093 5,769
4.8 3.1 7.371 87 7587 56 8181 42 7198 80 9325 37 5513 28 3950 53 76
18.020.6
61 157 36
42.7 19.4 41.411.0 10.7 10.4
7.3 3.8 2.50.0 18.7 11.15.2 2.3 1.10.0 0.4 0.00.3 0.6 1.20.1 0.4 1.1
33.4 –10.0 18.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 823 GDP ($ billions) 6.6
Namibia
Green08 0424.indd 151 4/24/08 1:50:49 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
152 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 28 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 143 GDP ($ billions) 8.9
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
320 768 64916.3 28.8 30.4
6.1 2.7 3.12.3 1.8 2.0
30 55 4547.0 39.2 24.0
96 1,391 ..968 619 544
25.4 16.8 23.91.9 –0.1 0.6
18.6 6.0 9.9455
726,973
72.2
2.8 4.6 3.8338 453 48686.6 31.5 41.7
70 432 3910.2 79.9 72.4
99.8 16.7 24.8
0.1 0.5 0.50.1 1.1 0.9
382.6 97.0 55.736 81 74
3 8 8
7,315 1,230 3,077
5.1 51.8 18.996 90 8990 84 7589 81 6996 94 8835 37 3830 27 2862 63 60
23.027.5
59 83 112
28.0 32.1 30.57.6 8.9 9.02.6 3.5 3.40.0 4.5 9.40.0 0.9 1.32.1 0.5 0.60.3 1.1 1.00.1 0.8 0.7
20.5 18.8 11.9
Nepal
Green08 0424.indd 152 4/24/08 1:50:50 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
153The Little Green Data Book 2008
43,050 36,60880.7 77.6
1.6 1.10.6 0.7
57 3660.2 11.0
6,231 1,188356 325
10.8 29.5–0.4 –0.128.0 13.0539
261,221
00.1
6.9 6.05,015 5,498
3.2 3.26,988 9,760
86.9 62.50.1 11.5
0.3 0.48.7 13.20.7 22.435 27
429 467
674 9,579
72.2 10.234 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..5 7
28.7 19.914.5 13.05.2 4.72.5 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.6 0.3
16.0 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 16 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 34 GDP ($ billions) 662.3
Netherlands
Green08 0424.indd 153 4/24/08 1:50:50 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
154 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 189 Land area (sq. km) 800 GDP ($ billions) ..
Country data
High-income group
.. 36,60870.7 77.60.2 1.1
–0.1 0.7
10 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
690 325
1.3 29.50.0 –0.1
.. 13.0300
26..2
0.2
.. 6.08,890 5,498
0.0 3.25,172 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
.. 0.422.2 13.2
239.9 22.430 27
360 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Netherlands Antilles
Green08 0424.indd 154 4/24/08 1:50:50 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
155The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60864.1 77.6
2.6 1.12.2 0.7
14 36100.0 11.03,207 1,1881,419 325
39.2 29.50.0 –0.17.4 13.0
17851
3,2502198.9
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.411.2 13.259.8 22.4
66 27.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.912.8 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 238 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) ..
New Caledonia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
156 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 268 GDP ($ billions) 104.5
26,750 36,60886.3 77.6
1.3 1.11.2 0.7
65 3611.4 11.0
7,026 1,18838 325
31.0 29.5–0.5 –0.124.2 13.0424124
2,38221
22.3
6.0 6.04,090 5,498
5.1 3.29,656 9,760
35.6 62.554.6 11.5
0.3 0.47.7 13.2
39.3 22.415 27
607 467
79,102 9,579
0.6 10.242 42
.. 99
.. 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..6 7
21.2 19.913.7 13.0
7.0 4.71.5 1.50.3 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.0 0.3
12.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
New Zealand
Green08 0424.indd 156 4/24/08 1:50:50 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
157The Little Green Data Book 2008
930 4,785 2,03859.4 77.7 47.3
2.5 2.1 3.01.8 1.5 1.1
44 36 422.8 12.5 26.3
292 1,003 2,057116 241 531
42.7 45.4 26.51.5 0.5 0.1
23.1 19.7 12.881359
7,590393.6
4.3 7.0 3.6611 1,198 1,216
50.5 14.8 12.8414 1,715 1,502
69.8 37.0 78.615.1 57.6 16.8
0.3 0.3 0.80.7 2.5 3.4
51.4 29.6 71.130 37 6918 115 21
34,727 24,471 5,769
0.7 2.0 7.383 71 7579 91 8163 73 7190 96 9347 77 5534 49 3956 86 76
31.014.0
36 26 36
13.6 22.4 41.49.5 12.1 10.43.0 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.11.1 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.6 0.4 1.20.1 0.4 1.15.3 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middleincome group
Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 121 GDP ($ billions) 5.3
Nicaragua
Green08 0424.indd 157 4/24/08 1:50:50 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
158 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,267 GDP ($ billions) 3.7
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
270 829 64917.0 35.8 30.44.1 4.1 3.13.5 2.6 2.0
30 44 450.5 3.5 24.0
3 .. ..76 351 544
1.0 26.5 23.92.8 0.7 0.67.7 11.3 9.9
61620
1,4602
0.9
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.09 0.92 0.9015.7 46.3 55.7149 60 74
4 .. 8
264 5,093 3,077
62.3 3.1 18.995 87 8946 56 7536 42 6980 80 8813 37 38
4 28 2843 53 60
11.840.0253 157 112
.. 19.4 30.57.4 10.7 9.02.3 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.32.6 0.4 0.60.3 0.6 1.00.9 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Niger
Green08 0424.indd 158 4/24/08 1:50:51 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
159The Little Green Data Book 2008
620 829 64949.0 35.8 30.44.8 4.1 3.12.7 2.6 2.0
81 44 450.8 3.5 24.067 .. ..
229 351 544
12.2 26.5 23.92.9 0.7 0.66.0 11.3 9.9
1,18979
4,7151716.6
2.1 2.7 3.8734 681 48678.0 56.3 41.7127 542 391
66.2 76.1 72.433.8 20.1 24.8
0.6 0.6 0.50.8 0.9 0.9
151.3 46.3 55.762 60 7417 .. 8
1,563 5,093 3,077
3.6 3.1 18.969 87 8948 56 7531 42 6967 80 8844 37 3836 28 2853 53 60
10.015.3191 157 112
38.8 19.4 30.510.2 10.7 9.00.9 3.8 3.4
57.7 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.2 0.4 0.60.4 0.6 1.00.7 0.4 0.7
–29.6 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 145 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 911 GDP ($ billions) 115.3
Nigeria
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
160 2008 The Little Green Data Book
.. 1,856 5,91394.7 42.4 75.0
.. 3.5 1.4
.. 1.1 0.9
7 51 30.. .. 9.0.. .. 672
442 547 112
71.7 28.4 38.80.4 0.1 0.22.2 12.1 10.99930
..5
1.7
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 1,182 2,248
.. 15.5 6.5
.. 1,492 3,131
.. 81.9 61.9
.. 15.6 27.8
.. 0.9 0.6
.. 3.3 5.6
.. 97.7 –7.7
.. 73 33
.. 14 140
.. 5,022 17,199
.. 11.1 4.0
.. 74 5499 79 9397 70 7898 92 9895 51 8196 36 6094 72 89
..
..
.. 29 26
.. 47.2 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 2.1 4.4
.. 7.1 14.4
.. 0.9 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.2 0.7
.. 1.3 0.4
.. 28.5 –2.2
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 82 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ billions) ..
Northern Mariana Islands
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
161The Little Green Data Book 2008
68,440 36,60877.5 77.61.0 1.10.6 0.7
3 36.. 11.0
1,909 1,188121 325
30.8 29.5–0.2 –0.16.5 13.0525
321,715
21.6
6.8 6.06,948 5,498
4.1 3.225,137 9,760
0.4 62.598.9 11.5
0.4 0.419.1 13.2
163.7 22.420 27
439 467
82,625 9,579
0.6 10.211 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
38.8 19.913.3 13.0
7.0 4.723.0 1.5
0.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.1 0.39.2 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 4.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 304 GDP ($ billions) 334.9
Norway
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
162 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 2.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 30.8
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Upper middle-income group
11,120 2,507 5,91371.5 57.5 75.02.6 2.6 1.42.0 2.0 0.9
6 22 3090.0 33.8 9.0
6,168 1,050 6721,152 672 112
0.0 2.4 38.80.0 –0.4 0.20.1 3.4 10.9
55750
1,2046
4.4
3.7 4.7 4.65,570 1,270 2,248
0.0 1.1 6.53,757 1,358 3,131100.0 92.5 61.9
0.0 7.4 27.8
0.6 0.7 0.612.5 3.9 5.6
200.8 101.1 –7.7132 77 33156 34 140
399 757 17,199
136.0 105.0 4.090 89 5482 89 9373 81 7885 96 9888 76 8161 58 6097 92 89
6.26.712 42 26
.. .. 22.3
.. 10.9 11.43.7 4.6 4.4
.. 40.0 14.4
.. 0.3 2.00.0 0.1 0.0
.. 1.1 0.71.4 0.6 0.4
.. .. –2.2
Oman
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
163The Little Green Data Book 2008
800 768 64935.3 28.8 30.4
3.3 2.7 3.12.4 1.8 2.0
35 55 4585.4 39.2 24.0
1,913 1,391 ..477 619 544
2.5 16.8 23.91.9 –0.1 0.69.5 6.0 9.9
82078
4,9502
5.1
4.5 4.6 3.8490 453 48635.5 31.5 41.7456 432 391
64.5 79.9 72.432.9 16.7 24.8
0.4 0.5 0.50.8 1.1 0.9
84.6 97.0 55.7120 81 74
10 8 8
336 1,230 3,077
323.3 51.8 18.996 90 8991 84 7589 81 6996 94 8859 37 3841 27 2892 63 60
24.026.0
97 83 112
23.1 32.1 30.58.4 8.9 9.01.8 3.5 3.47.2 4.5 9.40.0 0.9 1.30.4 0.5 0.60.8 1.1 1.01.5 0.8 0.76.8 18.8 11.9
Country data
South Asia
group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 159 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 771 GDP ($ billions) 126.8
Pakistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
164 2008 The Little Green Data Book
7,990 1,856 5,91369.7 42.4 75.0
.. 3.5 1.4
.. 1.1 0.9
20 51 30.. .. 9.0.. .. 672
153 547 112
87.0 28.4 38.8–0.3 0.1 0.20.0 12.1 10.9
12022
..4
1.5
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 1,182 2,248
.. 15.5 6.5
.. 1,492 3,131
.. 81.9 61.9
.. 15.6 27.8
1.0 0.9 0.611.9 3.3 5.6
.. 97.7 –7.7
.. 73 33
.. 14 140
.. 5,022 17,199
.. 11.1 4.0
.. 74 5485 79 9394 70 7879 92 9880 51 8152 36 6096 72 89
..
..11 29 26
.. 47.2 22.312.0 10.3 11.4
.. 2.1 4.40.0 7.1 14.40.0 0.9 2.0
.. 0.0 0.01.2 1.2 0.7
.. 1.3 0.4
.. 28.5 –2.2
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 20 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 157
Palau
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
165The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 74 GDP ($ billions) 17.1
5,000 4,785 5,91371.6 77.7 75.0
3.7 2.1 1.41.9 1.5 0.9
30 36 306.2 12.5 9.0
343 1,003 672172 241 112
57.7 45.4 38.80.1 0.5 0.2
17.6 19.7 10.91,145
1219,915
19411.7
10.5 7.0 4.6804 1,198 2,24816.1 14.8 6.5
1,500 1,715 3,13135.7 37.0 61.963.9 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.8 2.5 5.6
80.8 29.6 –7.735 37 3373 115 140
45,613 24,471 17,199
0.6 2.0 4.028 71 5490 91 9379 73 7899 96 9873 77 8151 49 6089 86 89
..12.6
23 26 26
18.6 22.4 22.312.3 12.1 11.4
4.4 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 0.70.2 0.4 0.4
10.2 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Panama
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
166 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 453 GDP ($ billions) 5.7
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
740 1,856 64913.5 42.4 30.4
2.7 3.5 3.12.5 1.1 2.0
2 51 45.. .. 24.0
714 .. ..2,190 547 544
65.0 28.4 23.90.5 0.1 0.61.6 12.1 9.9
980158
11,54414227.7
.. 3.3 3.8
.. 1,182 486
.. 15.5 41.7
.. 1,492 391
.. 81.9 72.4
.. 15.6 24.8
0.2 0.9 0.50.4 3.3 0.90.8 97.7 55.724 73 74
.. 14 8
131,967 5,022 3,077
.. 11.1 18.9
.. 74 8939 79 7532 70 6988 92 8844 51 3841 36 2867 72 60
12.616.5
73 29 112
.. 47.2 30.510.2 10.3 9.0
.. 2.1 3.423.8 7.1 9.448.5 0.9 1.3
0.0 0.0 0.60.4 1.2 1.00.0 1.3 0.7
.. 28.5 11.9
Papua New Guinea
Green08 0424.indd 166 4/24/08 1:50:52 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
167The Little Green Data Book 2008
1,410 4,785 2,03859.1 77.7 47.33.4 2.1 3.02.2 1.5 1.1
61 36 421.7 12.5 26.3
542 1,003 2,05758 241 531
46.5 45.4 26.50.9 0.5 0.14.2 19.7 12.8
86439
7,85110
3.3
5.7 7.0 3.6674 1,198 1,216
54.8 14.8 12.8849 1,715 1,5020.0 37.0 78.6
100.0 57.6 16.8
0.2 0.3 0.80.7 2.5 3.4
84.8 29.6 71.184 37 69
.. 115 21
15,936 24,471 5,769
0.5 2.0 7.371 71 7586 91 8168 73 7199 96 9380 77 5561 49 3994 86 76
17.316.1
22 26 36
7.3 22.4 41.49.9 12.1 10.44.1 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.10.0 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 1.20.7 0.4 1.10.5 1.8 18.9
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 397 GDP ($ billions) 9.3
Paraguay
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
168 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 28 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,280 GDP ($ billions) 92.4
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
2,980 4,785 2,03872.8 77.7 47.3
1.8 2.1 3.01.5 1.5 1.1
17 36 4227.8 12.5 26.3817 1,003 2,057202 241 531
53.7 45.4 26.50.1 0.5 0.1
16.9 19.7 12.82,222
23817,144
27436.3
12.7 7.0 3.6506 1,198 1,21616.4 14.8 12.8848 1,715 1,50221.1 37.0 78.678.3 57.6 16.8
0.2 0.3 0.81.2 2.5 3.4
49.7 29.6 71.161 37 6930 115 21
59,250 24,471 5,769
1.2 2.0 7.382 71 7583 91 8165 73 7189 96 9363 77 5532 49 3974 86 76
20.415.4
25 26 36
25.1 22.4 41.412.0 12.1 10.4
2.5 4.4 2.53.2 9.1 11.1
14.8 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 1.20.7 0.4 1.1
–3.4 1.8 18.9
Peru
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
169The Little Green Data Book 2008
1,390 1,856 2,03863.4 42.4 47.3
3.8 3.5 3.02.1 1.1 1.1
41 51 4214.5 .. 26.3
1,426 .. 2,057553 547 531
24.0 28.4 26.52.6 0.1 0.18.2 12.1 12.8812253
8,931213
33.7
5.6 3.3 3.6528 1,182 1,21624.4 15.5 12.8588 1,492 1,50267.7 81.9 78.614.8 15.6 16.8
0.3 0.9 0.81.0 3.3 3.4
83.2 97.7 71.126 73 69
9 14 21
5,664 5,022 5,769
6.0 11.1 7.374 74 7585 79 8182 70 7187 92 9372 51 5559 36 3980 72 76
10.07.432 29 36
30.5 47.2 41.48.4 10.3 10.42.4 2.1 2.50.7 7.1 11.11.2 0.9 1.10.1 0.0 0.00.5 1.2 1.20.3 1.3 1.1
21.7 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 86 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 298 GDP ($ billions) 117.6
Philippines
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
170 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 38 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 306 GDP ($ billions) 338.7
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
8,210 4,815 5,91362.2 63.8 75.0
0.1 0.2 1.40.0 0.1 0.9
52 28 300.6 10.9 9.0
1,281 400 672119 129 112
30.0 38.3 38.8–0.2 –0.0 0.223.1 7.0 10.9534
382,450
40.6
5.6 3.3 4.62,436 2,826 2,248
5.1 2.2 6.53,437 3,633 3,131
97.3 66.1 61.91.4 17.5 27.8
0.6 0.8 0.68.0 7.1 5.6
–11.7 –30.2 –7.737 29 33
323 152 140
1,404 11,473 17,199
30.2 7.5 4.08 59 54.. 92 93.. 80 78
100 99 98.. 85 81.. 70 60.. 93 89
..
..7 26 26
18.8 22.6 22.312.8 10.3 11.4
5.4 4.1 4.41.3 18.4 14.41.1 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.8 1.1 0.70.4 0.5 0.47.8 –4.9 –2.2
Poland
Green08 0424.indd 170 4/24/08 1:50:53 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
171The Little Green Data Book 2008
17,850 36,60858.2 77.6
1.6 1.10.4 0.7
40 3623.8 11.0
1,709 1,188354 325
41.3 29.5–1.3 –0.15.1 13.0
606147
5,05016
3.8
7.7 6.02,575 5,498
10.8 3.24,663 9,760
81.5 62.510.2 11.5
0.3 0.45.6 13.2
39.1 22.428 27
471 467
3,602 9,579
29.6 10.278 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..5 7
12.7 19.917.4 13.05.7 4.70.0 1.50.2 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.4 0.30.1 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 92 GDP ($ billions) 194.7
Portugal
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
172 2008 The Little Green Data Book
10,950 36,60897.8 77.62.6 1.10.7 0.7
25 3615.7 11.0
.. 1,188132 325
46.0 29.5–0.1 –0.13.5 13.0
34847
2,493533.8
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.40.5 13.2
.. 22.421 27
.. 467
1,815 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 3.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8.9 GDP ($ billions) 67.9
Puerto Rico
Green08 0424.indd 172 4/24/08 1:50:53 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
173The Little Green Data Book 2008
.. 36,60895.5 77.6
3.7 1.13.5 0.7
6 3661.9 11.0
4,083 1,188203 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.10.0 13.0
15913
355..
0.1
3.6 6.019,877 5,498
0.0 3.216,801 9,760
100.0 62.50.0 11.5
1.0 0.469.2 13.2
334.0 22.454 27
335 467
126 9,579
290.0 10.272 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..8.821 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 821 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 42.5
Qatar
Green08 0424.indd 173 4/24/08 1:50:53 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
174 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 22 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 230 GDP ($ billions) 121.6
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
4,830 4,815 5,91353.9 63.8 75.0–0.5 0.2 1.4–0.5 0.1 0.9
63 28 300.5 10.9 9.0497 400 672108 129 112
27.7 38.3 38.80.0 –0.0 0.22.5 7.0 10.9
46664
3,4001..
5.3 3.3 4.61,772 2,826 2,248
8.5 2.2 6.52,342 3,633 3,131
56.6 66.1 61.934.0 17.5 27.8
0.5 0.8 0.64.2 7.1 5.6
–41.7 –30.2 –7.714 29 33
149 152 140
1,955 11,473 17,199
54.8 7.5 4.057 59 5457 92 9316 80 7891 99 98
.. 85 81
.. 70 6089 93 89
..
..18 26 26
13.0 22.6 22.312.0 10.3 11.43.3 4.1 4.44.5 18.4 14.40.2 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.7 1.1 0.70.0 0.5 0.4
–1.2 –4.9 –2.2
Romania
Green08 0424.indd 174 4/24/08 1:50:53 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
175The Little Green Data Book 2008
5,770 4,815 5,91372.9 63.8 75.0–0.3 0.2 1.4–0.2 0.1 0.9
13 28 303.6 10.9 9.0
159 400 67232 129 112
49.4 38.3 38.80.0 –0.0 0.27.9 7.0 10.9
941153
11,4007
37.1
2.6 3.3 4.64,517 2,826 2,248
1.1 2.2 6.55,785 3,633 3,13165.8 66.1 61.918.2 17.5 27.8
1.0 0.8 0.610.6 7.1 5.6
–32.6 –30.2 –7.719 29 33
161 152 140
30,127 11,473 17,199
1.8 7.5 4.018 59 5497 92 9388 80 78
100 99 9887 85 8170 70 6093 93 89
..
..16 26 26
30.7 22.6 22.37.0 10.3 11.43.5 4.1 4.4
37.5 18.4 14.41.9 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.01.4 1.1 0.70.3 0.5 0.4
–13.8 –4.9 –2.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 143 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,381 GDP ($ billions) 986.9
Russian Federation
Green08 0424.indd 175 4/24/08 1:50:54 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
176 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 9.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 2.5
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
250 829 64920.2 35.8 30.4
9.9 4.1 3.11.6 2.6 2.0
79 44 450.6 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..621 351 544
19.5 26.5 23.9–2.8 0.7 0.67.9 11.3 9.9
87149
2,2883
1.1
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.09 0.57 0.530.06 0.92 0.908.3 46.3 55.728 60 74
.. .. 8
1,029 5,093 3,077
1.6 3.1 18.968 87 8974 56 7569 42 6992 80 8842 37 3838 28 2856 53 60
17.114.1160 157 112
13.9 19.4 30.57.4 10.7 9.03.5 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.32.3 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.77.3 –10.0 11.9
Rwanda
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
177The Little Green Data Book 2008
2,270 1,856 2,03822.6 42.4 47.31.3 3.5 3.00.9 1.1 1.1
33 51 42.. .. 26.3
18 .. 2,057476 547 531
60.4 28.4 26.5–1.8 0.1 0.13.2 12.1 12.855
..
..
..1.9
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
0.2 0.9 0.80.8 3.3 3.4
20.6 97.7 71.1.. 73 69.. 14 21
.. 5,022 5,769
.. 11.1 7.3
.. 74 7588 79 8187 70 7190 92 93
100 51 55100 36 39100 72 76
..
..28 29 36
.. 47.2 41.410.6 10.3 10.44.0 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.10.0 0.9 1.11.0 0.0 0.00.3 1.2 1.2
.. 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 185 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.8 GDP ($ millions) 424
Samoa
Green08 0424.indd 177 4/24/08 1:50:54 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
178 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (thousands) 29 Land area (sq. km) 60 GDP ($ billions) 1.7
Country data
High-income group
45,130 36,60897.5 77.6
.. 1.1
.. 0.7
17 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
79 325
.. 29.5
.. –0.1
.. 13.090..0..
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4
.. 13.2
.. 22.410 27
.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..3 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.2
.. 0.00.0 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
San Marino
Green08 0424.indd 178 4/24/08 1:50:54 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
179The Little Green Data Book 2008
800 829 64958.8 35.8 30.4
3.7 4.1 3.11.8 2.6 2.0
59 44 4518.2 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..712 351 544
28.1 26.5 23.90.0 0.7 0.6
.. 11.3 9.9126
28895
353.0
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.5 0.6 0.50.6 0.9 0.9
38.9 46.3 55.749 60 74
.. .. 8
14,415 5,093 3,077
.. 3.1 18.9
.. 87 8979 56 7573 42 6989 80 8825 37 3820 28 2832 53 60
5.0..
96 157 112
.. 19.4 30.59.1 10.7 9.0
.. 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.7 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (thousands) 155 Land area (sq. km) 960 GDP ($ millions) 123
São Tomé and Principe
Green08 0424.indd 179 4/24/08 1:50:54 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
180 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,000 GDP ($ billions) 349.1
Country data
High-income group
13,980 36,60881.2 77.6
2.7 1.12.3 0.7
.. 3642.7 11.0939 1,188126 325
1.4 29.50.0 –0.1
41.0 13.052745
2,0283
3.4
3.5 6.06,068 5,498
0.0 3.26,813 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.7 0.413.7 13.221.0 22.4120 27415 467
104 9,579
721.7 10.289 4296 9963 9897 10099 100
.. ..100 100
..
..25 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.07.2 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.20.0 0.0
.. 0.31.4 0.3
.. 9.3
Saudi Arabia
Green08 0424.indd 180 4/24/08 1:50:54 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
181The Little Green Data Book 2008
760 829 64941.9 35.8 30.43.1 4.1 3.12.7 2.6 2.0
43 44 454.8 3.5 24.0
254 .. ..270 351 544
45.0 26.5 23.90.5 0.7 0.6
11.2 11.3 9.9803
552,086
71.3
6.0 2.7 3.8258 681 48639.2 56.3 41.7151 542 391
81.8 76.1 72.410.5 20.1 24.8
0.3 0.6 0.50.4 0.9 0.9
59.3 46.3 55.795 60 74
.. .. 8
2,192 5,093 3,077
8.6 3.1 18.993 87 8976 56 7560 42 6992 80 8857 37 3834 28 2879 53 60
6.615.1116 157 112
18.8 19.4 30.59.0 10.7 9.04.6 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.1 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.4 0.6 1.01.1 0.4 0.7
12.6 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 12 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 193 GDP ($ billions) 9.2
Senegal
Green08 0424.indd 181 4/24/08 1:50:55 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
182 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 7.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 88 GDP ($ billions) 32.0
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
4,030 4,815 5,913.. 63.8 75.0.. 0.2 1.4
–0.1 0.1 0.9
.. 28 30
.. 10.9 9.0
.. 400 672
.. 129 112
.. 38.3 38.8
.. –0.0 0.2
.. 7.0 10.9
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3.3 4.6
.. 2,826 2,248
.. 2.2 6.5
.. 3,633 3,131
.. 66.1 61.9
.. 17.5 27.8
.. 0.8 0.6
.. 7.1 5.6
.. –30.2 –7.7
.. 29 33
.. 152 140
.. 11,473 17,199
.. 7.5 4.0
.. 59 54
.. 92 93
.. 80 78
.. 99 98
.. 85 81
.. 70 60
.. 93 89
..
..8 26 26
.. 22.6 22.3
.. 10.3 11.4
.. 4.1 4.4
.. 18.4 14.4
.. 1.1 2.0
.. 0.0 0.0
.. 1.1 0.7
.. 0.5 0.4
.. –4.9 –2.2
Serbia
Green08 0424.indd 182 4/24/08 1:50:55 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
183The Little Green Data Book 2008
8,870 829 5,91353.4 35.8 75.0
1.7 4.1 1.41.2 2.6 0.9
13 44 30.. 3.5 9.0.. .. 672
3,905 351 112
87.0 26.5 38.80.0 0.7 0.28.3 11.3 10.9
26348
250454.7
.. 2.7 4.6
.. 681 2,248
.. 56.3 6.5
.. 542 3,131
.. 76.1 61.9
.. 20.1 27.8
0.5 0.6 0.66.6 0.9 5.6
380.6 46.3 –7.7.. 60 33
74 .. 140
.. 5,093 17,199
.. 3.1 4.0
.. 87 5488 56 9375 42 78
100 80 98.. 37 81
100 28 60.. 53 89
..
..13 157 26
10.0 19.4 22.313.1 10.7 11.45.3 3.8 4.40.0 18.7 14.40.0 2.3 2.00.0 0.4 0.00.5 0.6 0.7
.. 0.4 0.41.6 –10.0 –2.2
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 85 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 775
Seychelles
Green08 0424.indd 183 4/24/08 1:50:55 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
184 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 72 GDP ($ billions) 1.5
240 829 64941.4 35.8 30.44.1 4.1 3.12.1 2.6 2.0
40 44 454.7 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..552 351 544
38.5 26.5 23.90.7 0.7 0.64.5 11.3 9.9
82348
2,09047
1.5
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.3 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
197.8 46.3 55.757 60 742 .. 8
28,641 5,093 3,077
0.2 3.1 18.992 87 8957 56 7546 42 6975 80 8839 37 3830 28 2853 53 60
8.725.3270 157 112
9.7 19.4 30.57.5 10.7 9.04.5 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.31.7 0.4 0.60.5 0.6 1.01.1 0.4 0.73.5 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Sierra Leone
Green08 0424.indd 184 4/24/08 1:50:55 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
185The Little Green Data Book 2008
Country data
High-income group
28,730 36,608100.0 77.6
2.4 1.12.4 0.7
1 36.. 11.0.. 1,1880 325
2.9 29.50.0 –0.14.2 13.047344
2,282540.1
6.0 6.06,933 5,498
0.0 3.28,358 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
0.3 0.412.3 13.215.9 22.4
40 27101 467
138 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42100 99
.. 98100 100100 100
.. ..100 100
..
..3 7
47.8 19.915.0 13.0
2.5 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.4 0.30.8 0.3
34.0 9.3
Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (sq. km) 689 GDP ($ billions) 132.2
Singapore
Green08 0424.indd 185 4/24/08 1:50:55 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
186 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 55.0
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
9,610 4,815 5,91356.3 63.8 75.0
0.1 0.2 1.40.1 0.1 0.9
40 28 301.8 10.9 9.0
1,125 400 672170 129 112
40.1 38.3 38.8–0.0 –0.0 0.222.8 7.0 10.941944
3,1242
0.1
4.5 3.3 4.63,496 2,826 2,248
2.4 2.2 6.54,920 3,633 3,131
28.5 66.1 61.914.8 17.5 27.8
0.4 0.8 0.66.7 7.1 5.6
–29.5 –30.2 –7.716 29 33
222 152 140
2,339 11,473 17,199
.. 7.5 4.0
.. 59 54100 92 9399 80 78
100 99 9899 85 8198 70 60
100 93 89
..
..8 26 26
21.2 22.6 22.321.9 10.3 11.4
4.1 4.1 4.40.1 18.4 14.40.0 1.1 2.00.4 0.0 0.00.6 1.1 0.70.0 0.5 0.42.2 –4.9 –2.2
Slovak Republic
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
187The Little Green Data Book 2008
18,660 36,60851.2 77.6
0.1 1.10.0 0.7
25 361.0 11.0
3,716 1,188557 325
62.8 29.5–0.4 –0.114.5 13.0437
803,200
..0.2
6.2 6.03,657 5,498
6.7 3.26,918 9,760
37.4 62.522.9 11.5
0.4 0.48.1 13.2
–10.1 22.431 27
471 467
9,348 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..4 7
26.3 19.913.5 13.0
5.6 4.75.1 1.50.0 0.20.2 0.00.3 0.30.2 0.3
12.5 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20 GDP ($ billions) 37.3
Slovenia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
188 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
690 1,856 64917.3 42.4 30.44.2 3.5 3.12.7 1.1 2.0
3 51 45.. .. 24.0.. .. ..
2,178 547 544
77.6 28.4 23.91.6 0.1 0.60.1 12.1 9.9
32061
3,17216
4.5
.. 3.3 3.8
.. 1,182 486
.. 15.5 41.7
.. 1,492 391
.. 81.9 72.4
.. 15.6 24.8
0.2 0.9 0.50.4 3.3 0.99.1 97.7 55.735 73 74
.. 14 8
94,619 5,022 3,077
.. 11.1 18.9
.. 74 8970 79 7565 70 6994 92 8831 51 3818 36 2898 72 60
..
..73 29 112
.. 47.2 30.58.7 10.3 9.03.8 2.1 3.40.0 7.1 9.40.4 0.9 1.36.5 0.0 0.60.4 1.2 1.00.2 1.3 0.7
.. 28.5 11.9
Population (thousands) 484 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 336
Solomon Islands
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
189The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 8.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 627 GDP ($ billions) ..
.. 829 64935.7 35.8 30.4
2.6 4.1 3.11.4 2.6 2.0
71 44 4515.7 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..393 351 544
11.4 26.5 23.91.0 0.7 0.60.3 11.3 9.982455
3,02817
6.7
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
.. 0.6 0.5
.. 0.9 0.9
.. 46.3 55.732 60 74
.. .. 8
732 5,093 3,077
54.8 3.1 18.9100 87 89
29 56 7527 42 6932 80 8826 37 3814 28 2848 53 60
..23.4145 157 112
.. 19.4 30.5
.. 10.7 9.0
.. 3.8 3.4
.. 18.7 9.4
.. 2.3 1.3
.. 0.4 0.6
.. 0.6 1.0
.. 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Somalia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
190 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 47 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,214 GDP ($ billions) 255.2
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Upper middle-income group
5,390 829 5,91359.8 35.8 75.0
2.7 4.1 1.41.9 2.6 0.9
82 44 309.5 3.5 9.0
451 .. 672129 351 112
7.6 26.5 38.80.0 0.7 0.26.1 11.3 10.9
1,149323
23,42073
23.5
3.1 2.7 4.62,722 681 2,24810.5 56.3 6.5
4,847 542 3,13194.1 76.1 61.90.9 20.1 27.8
1.2 0.6 0.69.4 0.9 5.6
31.6 46.3 –7.722 60 3398 .. 140
955 5,093 17,199
27.9 3.1 4.063 87 5488 56 9373 42 7899 80 9865 37 8146 28 6079 53 89
19.013.2
69 157 26
14.2 19.4 22.311.9 10.7 11.45.3 3.8 4.43.5 18.7 14.43.1 2.3 2.00.1 0.4 0.01.1 0.6 0.70.1 0.4 0.4
–0.3 –10.0 –2.2
South Africa
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
191The Little Green Data Book 2008
27,340 36,60876.8 77.6
0.9 1.10.8 0.7
58 3620.4 11.0
1,286 1,18874 325
35.9 29.5–1.9 –0.19.3 13.0
647170
5,050496.6
8.1 6.03,346 5,498
3.5 3.26,147 9,76063.4 62.5
6.7 11.5
0.3 0.47.7 13.2
55.7 22.434 27
445 467
2,562 9,579
32.0 10.268 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..4 7
22.4 19.914.5 13.03.9 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.4 0.3
11.2 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 44 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 499 GDP ($ billions) 1,224.7
Spain
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
192 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 20 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 65 GDP ($ billions) 27.0
Country data
South Asia
group
Lower middle-income group
1,310 768 2,03815.1 28.8 47.30.2 2.7 3.01.0 1.8 1.1
36 55 4238.8 39.2 26.3
3,071 1,391 2,0571,823 619 531
29.9 16.8 26.51.3 –0.1 0.1
27.3 6.0 12.8504177
3,3142806.6
7.2 4.6 3.6477 453 1,216
52.9 31.5 12.8378 432 1,502
60.6 79.9 78.639.4 16.7 16.8
0.2 0.5 0.80.6 1.1 3.4
206.6 97.0 71.194 81 6913 8 21
2,542 1,230 5,769
25.2 51.8 7.395 90 7579 84 8174 81 7198 94 9391 37 5589 27 3998 63 76
..5.013 83 36
24.9 32.1 41.49.7 8.9 10.42.6 3.5 2.50.0 4.5 11.10.0 0.9 1.10.3 0.5 0.00.3 1.1 1.20.4 0.8 1.1
16.7 18.8 18.9
Sri Lanka
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
193The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 48 Land area (sq. km) 260 GDP ($ millions) 477
8,460 4,785 5,91332.2 77.7 75.0
0.4 2.1 1.40.9 1.5 0.9
38 36 30.. 12.5 9.0.. 1,003 672
465 241 112
19.2 45.4 38.80.0 0.5 0.20.0 19.7 10.9
139..
659..
0.1
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.62.7 2.5 5.6
88.9 29.6 –7.718 37 33
.. 115 140
.. 24,471 17,199
.. 2.0 4.0
.. 71 54100 91 9399 73 7899 96 9895 77 8196 49 6096 86 89
..
..19 26 26
21.3 22.4 22.313.7 12.1 11.44.0 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.0
.. 0.0 0.00.2 0.4 0.70.1 0.4 0.4
.. 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
St. Kitts and Nevis
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
194 2008 The Little Green Data Book
5,060 4,785 5,91327.7 77.7 75.01.0 2.1 1.41.3 1.5 0.9
33 36 3016.7 12.5 9.0
.. 1,003 6722,983 241 112
27.9 45.4 38.80.0 0.5 0.2
14.6 19.7 10.917527
1,0286
1.0
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.3 0.3 0.62.3 2.5 5.6
127.3 29.6 –7.730 37 33
.. 115 140
.. 24,471 17,199
.. 2.0 4.0
.. 71 5498 91 9398 73 7898 96 9889 77 8189 49 6089 86 89
..
..14 26 26
2.3 22.4 22.312.8 12.1 11.4
5.6 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.0
.. 0.0 0.00.3 0.4 0.70.2 0.4 0.4
.. 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (thousands) 166 Land area (sq. km) 610 GDP ($ millions) 899
St. Lucia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
195The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 120 Land area (sq. km) 390 GDP ($ millions) 423
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
3,320 4,785 5,91346.3 77.7 75.0
1.4 2.1 1.40.6 1.5 0.9
26 36 3012.5 12.5 9.0
.. 1,003 6721,289 241 112
28.2 45.4 38.8–1.3 0.5 0.211.3 19.7 10.9185
251,166
51.1
.. 7.0 4.6
.. 1,198 2,248
.. 14.8 6.5
.. 1,715 3,131
.. 37.0 61.9
.. 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.7 2.5 5.6
145.5 29.6 –7.733 37 3399 115 140
.. 24,471 17,199
.. 2.0 4.0
.. 71 54
.. 91 9393 73 78
.. 96 98
.. 77 8196 49 60
.. 86 89
..
..20 26 26
–3.6 22.4 22.311.9 12.1 11.45.9 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.4 0.4 0.70.2 0.4 0.4
–10.2 1.8 –2.2
St. Vincent & Grenadines
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
196 2008 The Little Green Data Book
800 829 64941.7 35.8 30.45.1 4.1 3.12.3 2.6 2.0
58 44 4510.2 3.5 24.0
26 .. ..112 351 544
28.4 26.5 23.90.8 0.7 0.65.2 11.3 9.9
1,25447
3,13717
5.5
3.4 2.7 3.8499 681 48679.5 56.3 41.7
94 542 39170.0 76.1 72.430.0 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.3 0.9 0.9
92.6 46.3 55.7173 60 74
.. .. 8
813 5,093 3,077
124.4 3.1 18.997 87 8970 56 7564 42 6978 80 8834 37 3824 28 2850 53 60
5.029.4
89 157 112
15.5 19.4 30.510.0 10.7 9.00.9 3.8 3.4
21.6 18.7 9.40.2 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.4 0.4 0.7
–16.2 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 38 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,376 GDP ($ billions) 37.4
Sudan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
197The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 455 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 156 GDP ($ billions) 2.1
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Lower middle-income group
4,210 4,785 2,03874.2 77.7 47.31.3 2.1 3.00.8 1.5 1.1
1 36 4275.0 12.5 26.3504 1,003 2,057197 241 531
94.7 45.4 26.50.0 0.5 0.1
11.8 19.7 12.887740
5,018263.0
.. 7.0 3.6
.. 1,198 1,216
.. 14.8 12.8
.. 1,715 1,502
.. 37.0 78.6
.. 57.6 16.8
0.7 0.3 0.85.1 2.5 3.4
26.1 29.6 71.132 37 69
171 115 21
194,489 24,471 5,769
0.8 2.0 7.393 71 7592 91 8173 73 7198 96 9394 77 5576 49 3999 86 76
4.014.8
39 26 36
–10.0 22.4 41.411.7 12.1 10.4
.. 4.4 2.50.0 9.1 11.14.7 3.0 1.10.0 0.0 0.01.0 0.4 1.20.5 0.4 1.1
.. 1.8 18.9
Suriname
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
198 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 17 GDP ($ billions) 2.6
2,400 829 2,03824.4 35.8 47.32.8 4.1 3.02.4 2.6 1.1
81 44 4226.0 3.5 26.3
.. .. 2,057482 351 531
31.5 26.5 26.5–0.9 0.7 0.13.5 11.3 12.861416
2,71511
0.1
.. 2.7 3.6
.. 681 1,216
.. 56.3 12.8
.. 542 1,502
.. 76.1 78.6
.. 20.1 16.8
0.2 0.6 0.80.9 0.9 3.4
125.0 46.3 71.131 60 6940 .. 21
2,299 5,093 5,769
40.1 3.1 7.397 87 7562 56 8154 42 7187 80 9348 37 5544 28 3959 53 76
10.0..
164 157 36
18.6 19.4 41.410.4 10.7 10.46.2 3.8 2.50.0 18.7 11.10.0 2.3 1.10.0 0.4 0.00.3 0.6 1.20.1 0.4 1.1
14.1 –10.0 18.9
Swaziland
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
199The Little Green Data Book 2008
43,530 36,60884.3 77.6
0.5 1.10.4 0.7
8 364.3 11.0
889 1,18853 325
67.1 29.5–0.0 –0.110.9 13.0542
301,750
30.3
5.5 6.05,782 5,498
17.2 3.215,440 9,760
2.5 62.546.0 11.5
0.2 0.45.9 13.27.2 22.412 27
460 467
18,949 9,579
1.7 10.29 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..3 7
24.8 19.912.1 13.0
7.3 4.70.0 1.50.5 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.0 0.3
19.4 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 9.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) 383.8
Sweden
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
200 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 7.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40 GDP ($ billions) 380.4
Country data
High-income group
58,050 36,60875.6 77.61.3 1.10.7 0.7
38 365.8 11.0
2,230 1,188450 325
30.5 29.5–0.4 –0.129.6 13.047544
3,0303
0.2
9.6 6.03,651 5,498
7.1 3.28,305 9,760
1.8 62.554.1 11.5
0.2 0.45.5 13.2
–5.3 22.425 27
520 467
5,432 9,579
6.4 10.22 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..5 7
.. 19.913.5 13.0
5.1 4.70.0 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.1 0.30.2 0.3
.. 9.3
Switzerland
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
201The Little Green Data Book 2008
1,560 2,507 2,03850.8 57.5 47.3
2.9 2.6 3.02.6 2.0 1.1
76 22 4224.3 33.8 26.3985 1,050 2,057192 672 531
2.5 2.4 26.5–1.4 –0.4 0.11.5 3.4 12.8
43259
3,0000
0.9
4.2 4.7 3.6948 1,270 1,2160.0 1.1 12.8
1,411 1,358 1,50290.1 92.5 78.6
9.9 7.4 16.8
0.9 0.7 0.83.7 3.9 3.4
90.4 101.1 71.179 77 6912 34 21
370 757 5,769
285.0 105.0 7.395 89 7593 89 8187 81 7198 96 9390 76 5581 58 3999 92 76
18.08.614 42 36
17.6 .. 41.410.3 10.9 10.4
2.6 4.6 2.531.7 40.0 11.10.0 0.3 1.10.0 0.1 0.01.2 1.1 1.20.9 0.6 1.1
–24.0 .. 18.9
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 19 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 184 GDP ($ billions) 33.4
Syrian Arab Republic
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
202 2008 The Little Green Data Book
390 4,815 64924.6 63.8 30.4–0.1 0.2 3.11.4 0.1 2.0
30 28 4568.3 10.9 24.0
.. 400 ..530 129 544
2.9 38.3 23.9–0.0 –0.0 0.618.6 7.0 9.9427
275,000
140.7
2.8 3.3 3.8528 2,826 4860.0 2.2 41.7
2,267 3,633 3912.3 66.1 72.4
97.7 17.5 24.8
0.6 0.8 0.50.8 7.1 0.9
–78.7 –30.2 55.752 29 74
.. 152 8
10,122 11,473 3,077
18.0 7.5 18.992 59 8959 92 7548 80 6992 99 8851 85 3845 70 2870 93 60
1.420.8
68 26 112
12.2 22.6 30.58.3 10.3 9.03.2 4.1 3.40.6 18.4 9.40.0 1.1 1.30.0 0.0 0.61.6 1.1 1.00.4 0.5 0.74.5 –4.9 11.9
Population (millions) 6.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 140 GDP ($ billions) 2.8
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Low-income group
Tajikistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
203The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 39 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 886 GDP ($ billions) 12.8
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
350 829 64924.6 35.8 30.44.4 4.1 3.12.7 2.6 2.0
39 44 451.8 3.5 24.0
104 .. ..317 351 544
39.8 26.5 23.91.1 0.7 0.6
42.3 11.3 9.91,431
29910,008
24015.1
1.8 2.7 3.8530 681 48692.1 56.3 41.7
61 542 39141.4 76.1 72.458.6 20.1 24.8
0.1 0.6 0.50.1 0.9 0.9
86.3 46.3 55.724 60 74
.. .. 8
2,183 5,093 3,077
6.2 3.1 18.989 87 8962 56 7549 42 6985 80 8847 37 3843 28 2853 53 60
8.112.6118 157 112
11.4 19.4 30.57.8 10.7 9.02.4 3.8 3.40.3 18.7 9.44.7 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.70.6 –10.0 11.9
Tanzania
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
204 2008 The Little Green Data Book
3,050 1,856 2,03832.6 42.4 47.3
1.6 3.5 3.01.0 1.1 1.1
36 51 4228.2 .. 26.3
1,214 .. 2,057300 547 531
28.4 28.4 26.50.6 0.1 0.1
15.7 12.1 12.81,271
15711,625
868.0
4.4 3.3 3.61,588 1,182 1,216
16.5 15.5 12.81,988 1,492 1,502
93.1 81.9 78.64.4 15.6 16.8
0.6 0.9 0.84.3 3.3 3.4
179.8 97.7 71.177 73 6954 14 21
3,333 5,022 5,769
41.5 11.1 7.395 74 7599 79 81
100 70 7198 92 9399 51 5599 36 3998 72 76
..
..8 29 36
32.1 47.2 41.411.2 10.3 10.4
4.7 2.1 2.55.8 7.1 11.10.1 0.9 1.10.2 0.0 0.01.0 1.2 1.20.4 1.3 1.1
18.1 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 63 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 511 GDP ($ billions) 206.3
Thailand
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
205The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 1.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15 GDP ($ millions) 356
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
840 1,856 64926.9 42.4 30.4
3.6 3.5 3.12.0 1.1 2.0
23 51 45.. .. 24.0.. .. ..
588 547 544
53.7 28.4 23.91.3 0.1 0.6
12.6 12.1 9.9..........
.. 3.3 3.8
.. 1,182 486
.. 15.5 41.7
.. 1,492 391
.. 81.9 72.4
.. 15.6 24.8
0.08 0.90 0.530.2 3.3 0.9
.. 97.7 55.7
.. 73 74
.. 14 8
.. 5,022 3,077
.. 11.1 18.9
.. 74 8958 79 7556 70 6977 92 8836 51 3833 36 2866 72 60
14.0..
55 29 112
104.5 47.2 30.53.3 10.3 9.0
.. 2.1 3.4
.. 7.1 9.4
.. 0.9 1.3
.. 0.0 0.6
.. 1.2 1.0
.. 1.3 0.7
.. 28.5 11.9
Timor-Leste
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
206 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 6.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 54 GDP ($ billions) 2.2
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
350 829 64940.8 35.8 30.4
4.9 4.1 3.13.0 2.6 2.0
67 44 450.3 3.5 24.082 .. ..
150 351 544
7.1 26.5 23.93.8 0.7 0.6
11.9 11.3 9.974033
3,08510
0.4
2.3 2.7 3.8320 681 48679.4 56.3 41.7
94 542 39160.4 76.1 72.439.6 20.1 24.8
0.5 0.6 0.50.4 0.9 0.9
207.3 46.3 55.736 60 74
.. .. 8
1,843 5,093 3,077
1.5 3.1 18.945 87 8952 56 7536 42 6980 80 8835 37 3815 28 2871 53 60
9.031.1108 157 112
.. 19.4 30.57.8 10.7 9.02.5 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.3 2.3 1.32.8 0.4 0.60.6 0.6 1.00.2 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Togo
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
207The Little Green Data Book 2008
2,250 1,856 2,03824.3 42.4 47.30.8 3.5 3.00.3 1.1 1.1
42 51 42.. .. 26.3.. .. 2,057
503 547 531
5.6 28.4 26.50.0 0.1 0.18.6 12.1 12.85117
4634
0.6
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
0.2 0.9 0.81.2 3.3 3.4
52.4 97.7 71.1.. 73 69.. 14 21
.. 5,022 5,769
.. 11.1 7.3
.. 74 75100 79 81100 70 71100 92 93
96 51 5596 36 3998 72 76
..
..24 29 36
.. 47.2 41.410.3 10.3 10.4
3.7 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.10.0 0.9 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.4 1.2 1.2
.. 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
Population (thousands) 100 Land area (sq. km) 720 GDP ($ millions) 223
Tonga
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
208 2008 The Little Green Data Book
12,500 36,60812.5 77.6
2.9 1.10.5 0.7
26 363.3 11.0
8,913 1,1881,550 325
44.1 29.50.3 –0.14.7 13.0
55138
2,2591
2.4
1.6 6.09,599 5,498
0.2 3.25,038 9,760
99.7 62.50.0 11.5
1.7 0.424.7 13.292.4 22.4107 27
.. 467
2,871 9,579
8.2 10.26 42
91 9988 9892 100
100 100100 ..100 100
..
..38 7
.. 19.912.1 13.04.0 4.7
71.7 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.01.6 0.30.2 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.1 GDP ($ billions) 18.1
Trinidad and Tobago
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
209The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 155 GDP ($ billions) 30.3
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
2,970 2,507 2,03865.7 57.5 47.3
2.0 2.6 3.01.4 2.0 1.1
63 22 427.4 33.8 26.3
644 1,050 2,057128 672 531
6.8 2.4 26.5–3.4 –0.4 0.11.5 3.4 12.8
43852
2,1960
0.5
7.6 4.7 3.6843 1,270 1,21613.3 1.1 12.8
1,194 1,358 1,50298.6 92.5 78.6
1.1 7.4 16.8
0.4 0.7 0.82.3 3.9 3.4
72.5 101.1 71.132 77 6983 34 21
419 757 5,769
62.9 105.0 7.382 89 7593 89 8182 81 7199 96 9385 76 5565 58 3996 92 76
9.05.823 42 36
26.9 .. 41.411.4 10.9 10.46.7 4.6 2.57.4 40.0 11.10.4 0.3 1.10.1 0.1 0.00.6 1.1 1.20.3 0.6 1.1
13.4 .. 18.9
Tunisia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
210 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 73 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 770 GDP ($ billions) 402.7
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Upper middle-income group
5,400 4,815 5,91367.8 63.8 75.02.5 0.2 1.41.6 0.1 0.9
54 28 3019.6 10.9 9.0852 400 672
99 129 112
13.2 38.3 38.8–0.3 –0.0 0.22.6 7.0 10.9
581121
8,6503
6.0
6.6 3.3 4.61,182 2,826 2,248
6.3 2.2 6.51,898 3,633 3,131
75.4 66.1 61.924.4 17.5 27.8
0.4 0.8 0.63.2 7.1 5.6
54.6 –30.2 –7.743 29 3380 152 140
3,150 11,473 17,199
16.5 7.5 4.074 59 5496 92 9393 80 7898 99 9888 85 8172 70 6096 93 89
29.029.7
26 26 26
16.6 22.6 22.311.7 10.3 11.43.5 4.1 4.40.4 18.4 14.40.1 1.1 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.5 1.1 0.71.2 0.5 0.46.2 –4.9 –2.2
Turkey
Green08 0424.indd 210 4/24/08 1:51:00 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
211The Little Green Data Book 2008
650 4,815 2,03846.6 63.8 47.3
2.0 0.2 3.01.8 0.1 1.1
70 28 4279.5 10.9 26.3
.. 400 2,057113 129 531
8.8 38.3 26.50.0 –0.0 0.14.2 7.0 12.842144
..3
2.0
.. 3.3 3.63,381 2,826 1,216
0.0 2.2 12.81,731 3,633 1,502100.0 66.1 78.6
0.0 17.5 16.8
.. 0.8 0.88.7 7.1 3.4
30.4 –30.2 71.156 29 69
.. 152 21
290 11,473 5,769
1,760.7 7.5 7.398 59 7572 92 8154 80 7193 99 9362 85 5550 70 3977 93 76
1.03.251 26 36
.. 22.6 41.411.0 10.3 10.4
.. 4.1 2.5
.. 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.1
.. 0.0 0.02.9 1.1 1.21.0 0.5 1.1
.. –4.9 18.9
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income group
Population (millions) 4.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) 10.5
Turkmenistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
212 2008 The Little Green Data Book
300 829 64912.7 35.8 30.44.1 4.1 3.13.2 2.6 2.0
64 44 450.1 3.5 24.011 .. ..
469 351 544
18.4 26.5 23.92.0 0.7 0.6
32.6 11.3 9.91,375
1314,900
383.3
.. 2.7 3.8
.. 681 486
.. 56.3 41.7
.. 542 391
.. 76.1 72.4
.. 20.1 24.8
0.08 0.57 0.530.07 0.92 0.90
124.3 46.3 55.712 60 74
.. .. 8
1,347 5,093 3,077
0.8 3.1 18.940 87 8960 56 7556 42 6987 80 8843 37 3841 28 2854 53 60
22.019.6134 157 112
14.7 19.4 30.57.7 10.7 9.04.0 3.8 3.40.0 18.7 9.40.0 2.3 1.34.5 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.0
.. 0.4 0.76.3 –10.0 11.9
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 30 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 GDP ($ billions) 9.4
Uganda
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
213The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 47 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 579 GDP ($ billions) 106.5
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Lower middle-income groupv
1,940 4,815 2,03868.0 63.8 47.3–0.5 0.2 3.0–0.6 0.1 1.1
71 28 426.6 10.9 26.3
186 400 2,05747 129 531
16.5 38.3 26.5–0.2 –0.0 0.13.3 7.0 12.8
44558
5,1001
0.4
1.8 3.3 3.63,041 2,826 1,216
0.2 2.2 12.83,246 3,633 1,502
45.6 66.1 78.66.7 17.5 16.8
1.3 0.8 0.86.9 7.1 3.4
–51.8 –30.2 71.123 29 69
118 152 21
1,127 11,473 5,769
70.7 7.5 7.352 59 7596 92 8191 80 7199 99 9396 85 5593 70 3998 93 76
..
..24 26 36
23.2 22.6 41.410.6 10.3 10.44.4 4.1 2.59.7 18.4 11.10.0 1.1 1.10.0 0.0 0.02.8 1.1 1.20.5 0.5 1.14.1 –4.9 18.9
Ukraine
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
214 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 84 GDP ($ billions) 129.7
26,210 36,60876.7 77.65.3 1.15.5 0.7
7 3629.9 11.0
2,322 1,1881,494 325
3.7 29.5–1.6 –0.10.2 13.0
29827
..
..0.2
2.9 6.011,436 5,498
0.0 3.213,708 9,760100.0 62.5
0.0 11.5
1.2 0.437.8 13.2
172.7 22.4135 27228 467
49 9,579
1,150.0 10.268 42
100 99100 98100 100
98 10095 ..98 100
..
..8 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
United Arab Emirates
Green08 0424.indd 214 4/24/08 1:51:00 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
215The Little Green Data Book 2008
40,560 36,60889.8 77.6
0.4 1.10.3 0.7
70 363.0 11.0
2,898 1,188108 325
11.8 29.5–0.6 –0.125.0 13.0660
381,623
132.1
8.1 6.03,884 5,498
1.7 3.26,253 9,760
74.2 62.51.2 11.5
0.3 0.49.8 13.21.3 22.416 27
457 467
2,408 9,579
6.6 10.23 42
100 99100 98100 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..6 7
14.2 19.910.2 13.05.3 4.72.2 1.50.0 0.20.0 0.00.2 0.30.0 0.36.9 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (millions) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 242 GDP ($ billions) 2,377.0
United Kingdom
Green08 0424.indd 215 4/24/08 1:51:00 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
216 2008 The Little Green Data Book
44,710 36,60881.1 77.61.6 1.11.1 0.7
45 3612.5 11.0
1,105 1,18833 325
33.1 29.5–0.1 –0.116.3 13.0
1,356937
19,473242
90.3
5.3 6.07,893 5,498
3.2 3.213,648 9,760
72.1 62.56.4 11.5
0.5 0.420.6 13.225.5 22.4
22 27461 467
9,443 9,579
17.1 10.241 42
100 99100 98100 100100 100100 ..100 100
..
..8 7
14.1 19.912.2 13.0
4.8 4.71.8 1.50.1 0.20.0 0.00.3 0.30.3 0.34.1 9.3
Population (millions) 299 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,162 GDP ($ billions) 13,163.9
Country data
High-income group
United States
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
217The Little Green Data Book 2008
5,310 4,785 5,91392.1 77.7 75.00.6 2.1 1.40.4 1.5 0.9
85 36 3014.9 12.5 9.0
1,356 1,003 67219 241 112
8.6 45.4 38.8–3.5 0.5 0.20.4 19.7 10.9
53266
2,2781
1.4
10.6 7.0 4.6875 1,198 2,24815.4 14.8 6.5
2,007 1,715 3,13112.5 37.0 61.987.0 57.6 27.8
0.2 0.3 0.61.7 2.5 5.6
40.0 29.6 –7.7161 37 33151 115 140
17,848 24,471 17,199
5.3 2.0 4.096 71 54
100 91 93100 73 78100 96 98100 77 8199 49 60
100 86 89
..
..12 26 26
14.3 22.4 22.312.1 12.1 11.42.6 4.4 4.40.0 9.1 14.40.0 3.0 2.00.2 0.0 0.00.2 0.4 0.71.9 0.4 0.42.6 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 175 GDP ($ billions) 19.3
Uruguay
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
218 2008 The Little Green Data Book
610 4,815 64936.7 63.8 30.4
1.1 0.2 3.11.6 0.1 2.0
66 28 4584.9 10.9 24.0
.. 400 ..352 129 544
7.7 38.3 23.9–0.5 –0.0 0.64.8 7.0 9.9
43433
4,80015
1.2
1.1 3.3 3.81,798 2,826 486
0.0 2.2 41.71,659 3,633 391
87.2 66.1 72.412.8 17.5 24.8
2.8 0.8 0.55.3 7.1 0.96.6 –30.2 55.761 29 74
.. 152 8
623 11,473 3,077
357.9 7.5 18.993 59 8982 92 7575 80 6995 99 8867 85 3861 70 2878 93 60
..5.343 26 112
36.0 22.6 30.58.7 10.3 9.09.4 4.1 3.4
.. 18.4 9.40.0 1.1 1.30.0 0.0 0.66.3 1.1 1.00.9 0.5 0.7
.. –4.9 11.9
Population (millions) 27 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 425 GDP ($ billions) 17.2
Country data
Europe & Central
Asia group
Low-income group
Uzbekistan
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
219The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (thousands) 221 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 GDP ($ billions) 388
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Lower middle-income group
1,690 1,856 2,03823.9 42.4 47.3
4.0 3.5 3.02.4 1.1 1.1
12 51 42.. .. 26.3.. .. 2,057
824 547 531
36.1 28.4 26.50.0 0.1 0.11.5 12.1 12.8
13025
87010
2.2
.. 3.3 3.6
.. 1,182 1,216
.. 15.5 12.8
.. 1,492 1,502
.. 81.9 78.6
.. 15.6 16.8
0.1 0.9 0.80.4 3.3 3.4
33.3 97.7 71.120 73 69
.. 14 21
.. 5,022 5,769
.. 11.1 7.3
.. 74 7560 79 8152 70 7186 92 9350 51 5542 36 3978 72 76
..
..26 29 36
.. 47.2 41.410.9 10.3 10.45.9 2.1 2.50.0 7.1 11.10.0 0.9 1.10.0 0.0 0.00.2 1.2 1.2
.. 1.3 1.1
.. 28.5 18.9
Vanuatu
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
220 2008 The Little Green Data Book
6,070 4,785 5,91393.7 77.7 75.0
2.6 2.1 1.42.0 1.5 0.9
25 36 3016.9 12.5 9.0
1,655 1,003 67266 241 112
54.1 45.4 38.80.6 0.5 0.2
73.1 19.7 10.91,745
16621,073
6826.8
4.3 7.0 4.62,293 1,198 2,248
0.9 14.8 6.52,848 1,715 3,131
26.1 37.0 61.973.9 57.6 27.8
0.7 0.3 0.66.6 2.5 5.6
47.0 29.6 –7.711 37 3394 115 140
27,185 24,471 17,199
1.2 2.0 4.047 71 5483 91 9370 73 7885 96 9868 77 8148 49 6071 86 89
9.0..
21 26 26
39.8 22.4 22.312.0 12.1 11.4
4.4 4.4 4.439.8 9.1 14.4
1.1 3.0 2.00.0 0.0 0.00.7 0.4 0.70.0 0.4 0.4
–9.5 1.8 –2.2
Country data
Latin America & Caribbean
group
Upper middle-income group
Population (millions) 27 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 882 GDP ($ billions) 181.9
Venezuela, RB
Green08 0424.indd 220 4/24/08 1:51:01 PM
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
221The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 84 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 61.0
Country data
East Asia & Pacific
group
Low-income group
700 1,856 64926.9 42.4 30.4
3.3 3.5 3.11.5 1.1 2.0
31 51 4533.7 .. 24.0
3,007 .. ..927 547 544
41.7 28.4 23.9–2.2 0.1 0.64.4 12.1 9.9
1,116152
10,50014611.7
3.5 3.3 3.8617 1,182 486
46.7 15.5 41.7573 1,492 391
59.9 81.9 72.440.1 15.6 24.8
0.6 0.9 0.51.2 3.3 0.9
361.0 97.7 55.761 73 74
.. 14 8
4,410 5,022 3,077
19.5 11.1 18.968 74 8985 79 7580 70 6999 92 8861 51 3850 36 2892 72 60
20.011.3
17 29 112
37.7 47.2 30.59.0 10.3 9.02.8 2.1 3.4
17.9 7.1 9.40.1 0.9 1.30.4 0.0 0.61.1 1.2 1.00.6 1.3 0.7
11.6 28.5 11.9
Vietnam
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
222 2008 The Little Green Data Book
.. 36,60894.4 77.6
0.7 1.10.3 0.7
17 36.. 11.0.. 1,188
315 325
28.6 29.51.2 –0.10.3 13.0
23422
..11
0.3
.. 6.0
.. 5,498
.. 3.2
.. 9,760
.. 62.5
.. 11.5
.. 0.4124.3 13.260.2 22.4
39 27.. 467
.. 9,579
.. 10.2
.. 42
.. 99
.. 98
.. 100
.. 100
.. ..
.. 100
..
..
.. 7
.. 19.9
.. 13.0
.. 4.7
.. 1.5
.. 0.2
.. 0.0
.. 0.3
.. 0.3
.. 9.3
Country data
High-income group
Population (thousands) 109 Land area (sq. km) 350 GDP ($ billions) ..
Virgin Islands (U.S.)
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
223The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 6.0 GDP ($ billions) 4.1
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Lower middle-income group
1,230 2,507 2,03871.7 57.5 47.34.4 2.6 3.04.1 2.0 1.1
62 22 426.8 33.8 26.3
.. 1,050 2,057962 672 531
1.5 2.4 26.50.0 –0.4 0.1
.. 3.4 12.8
..
..
..
..
..
.. 4.7 3.6
.. 1,270 1,216
.. 1.1 12.8
.. 1,358 1,502
.. 92.5 78.6
.. 7.4 16.8
.. 0.7 0.8
.. 3.9 3.4
.. 101.1 71.1
.. 77 6929 34 21
.. 757 5,769
.. 105.0 7.3
.. 89 7592 89 8188 81 7194 96 9373 76 5561 58 3978 92 76
17.0..
22 42 36
10.0 .. 41.49.1 10.9 10.4
.. 4.6 2.50.0 40.0 11.10.0 0.3 1.1
.. 0.1 0.0
.. 1.1 1.2
.. 0.6 1.1
.. .. 18.9
West Bank and Gaza
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
224 2008 The Little Green Data Book
760 2,507 64927.7 57.5 30.45.3 2.6 3.13.6 2.0 2.0
34 22 4533.0 33.8 24.0
18 1,050 ..1,012 672 544
1.0 2.4 23.90.0 –0.4 0.60.0 3.4 9.9
45947
1,6501593.4
6.9 4.7 3.8319 1,270 4861.1 1.1 41.7174 1,358 391
100.0 92.5 72.40.0 7.4 24.8
0.5 0.7 0.51.0 3.9 0.9
120.1 101.1 55.782 77 7419 34 8
194 757 3,077
161.7 105.0 18.995 89 8967 89 7565 81 6971 96 8843 76 3828 58 2886 92 60
24.027.5100 42 112
.. .. 30.59.8 10.9 9.0
.. 4.6 3.442.8 40.0 9.4
0.0 0.3 1.30.0 0.1 0.60.7 1.1 1.00.9 0.6 0.7
.. .. 11.9
Population (millions) 22 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 528 GDP ($ billions) 19.1
Country data
Middle East &
N. Africa group
Low-income group
Yemen, Rep.
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $ GDP)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
225The Little Green Data Book 2008
Population (millions) 12 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 743 GDP ($ billions) 10.7
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
630 829 64935.1 35.8 30.4
1.6 4.1 3.12.3 2.6 2.0
35 44 452.9 3.5 24.0
.. .. ..142 351 544
57.1 26.5 23.91.0 0.7 0.6
42.0 11.3 9.91,025
384,747
85.0
1.9 2.7 3.8621 681 48678.7 56.3 41.7721 542 3910.6 76.1 72.4
99.4 20.1 24.8
0.2 0.6 0.50.2 0.9 0.9
–6.4 46.3 55.744 60 74
.. .. 8
6,987 5,093 3,077
2.2 3.1 18.976 87 8958 56 7540 42 6990 80 8855 37 3852 28 2859 53 60
15.021.2182 157 112
25.3 19.4 30.510.1 10.7 9.02.2 3.8 3.40.1 18.7 9.4
31.0 2.3 1.30.0 0.4 0.60.2 0.6 1.00.7 0.4 0.7
–14.4 –10.0 11.9
Zambia
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GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)Urban population (% of total)Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006)Population growth (average annual %, 1990–2006) AgricultureAgricultural land (% of land area)Irrigated land (% of cropland)Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha of arable land)Population density, rural (people/sq. km of arable land) Forests and biodiversityForest area (% of land area)Deforestation (average annual %, 1990–2005)Nationally protected area (% of land area)Animal species, total knownAnimal species, threatenedHigher plant species, total knownHigher plant species, threatenedGEF benefits index for biodiversity (0–100, median is 1.8) EnergyGDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent)Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent)Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total)Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total)Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) Emissions and pollutionCO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $)CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons)CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2004)Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., µg/cu. m)Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) Water and sanitationInternal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m)Freshwater withdrawal
Total (% of internal resources)Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Access to improved water source (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Access to improved sanitation (% of total population)Rural (% of rural population)Urban (% of urban population)
Environment and healthAcute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under 5)Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under 5)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) National accounting aggregatesGross savings (% of GNI)Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)Education expenditure (% of GNI)Energy depletion (% of GNI)Mineral depletion (% of GNI)Net forest depletion (% of GNI)CO2 damage (% of GNI)Particulate emission damage (% of GNI)Adjusted net savings (% of GNI)
226 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Country data
Sub-Saharan Africa group
Low-income group
Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 387 GDP ($ billions) 3.4
340 829 64936.4 35.8 30.4
2.9 4.1 3.11.5 2.6 2.0
40 44 455.2 3.5 24.0
339 .. ..261 351 544
45.3 26.5 23.91.6 0.7 0.6
14.9 11.3 9.9883
354,440
172.1
0.2 2.7 3.8741 681 486
61.9 56.3 41.7953 542 391
43.2 76.1 72.456.8 20.1 24.8
4.3 0.6 0.50.8 0.9 0.9
–36.6 46.3 55.727 60 7445 .. 8
938 5,093 3,077
34.2 3.1 18.979 87 8981 56 7572 42 6998 80 8853 37 3847 28 2863 53 60
15.813.9105 157 112
.. 19.4 30.5
.. 10.7 9.06.9 3.8 3.4
.. 18.7 9.4
.. 2.3 1.3
.. 0.4 0.6
.. 0.6 1.00.1 0.4 0.7
.. –10.0 11.9
Zimbabwe
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227The Little Green Data Book 2008
Access to improved sanitation is the percentage of population with adequate access to excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. (World Health Organization; data are for 2004)
Access to improved water source is the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a piped water into a dwelling, plot, or yard; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well or spring; or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include an unprotected dug well or spring, cart with small tank or drum, bottled water, and tanker trucks. Reasonable access to an adequate amount means the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within 1 kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization; data are for 2004)
Acute respiratory infection prevalence is the percentage of children under age five with acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 1998–2005)
Adjusted net savings equal gross savings minus consumption of fixed capi-tal, plus education expenditures, minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and particulate emission and carbon dioxide damage. (World Bank; data are for 2006)
Agricultural land is arable land, land under permanent crops, and perma-nent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Animal species, threatened, include the number of birds and mammal species classified by the World Conservation Union as endangered, vul-nerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Animal species, total, refer to mammals (excluding whales and porpoises) and birds included within a country’s breeding or wintering ranges. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Glossary
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228 2008 The Little Green Data Book
GlossaryCarbon dioxide (CO2) damage is estimated at $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emit-ted. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2006)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions growth is the cumulative percentage change in emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. Emissions include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; data are for 1990–2004)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita are carbon dioxide emissions divided by midyear population. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, World Bank, and United Nations; data are for 2004)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per unit of GDP are carbon dioxide emissions in kilograms per unit of GDP in 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center and World Bank; data are for 2004)
Consumption of fixed capital is the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2006 from the most recent year available)
Deforestation is the permanent conversion of natural forest area to other uses, including shifting cultivation, permanent agriculture, ranching, settle-ments, and infrastructure development. Deforested areas do not include areas logged but intended for regeneration or areas degraded by fuelwood gathering, acid precipitation, or forest fires. Negative numbers indicate an increase in forest areas. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 1990–2005)
Diarrhea prevalence is the percentage of children under age five who had diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 1998–2005)
Education expenditure is public current operating expenditures in edu-cation, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2006 from the most recent year available)
Electricity generated using fossil fuel is use of coal, oil, and gas as a percentage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Electricity generated by hydropower is use of hydropower as a percent-age of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Electric power consumption per capita is the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants, minus transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants plus imports
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229The Little Green Data Book 2008
minus exports divided by midyear population. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Energy depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal. (The wide range of data sources and methods used to estimate resource depletion are described in World Bank 2006; data are for 2006)
Energy from biomass products and waste is energy from solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste as a percentage of total energy use. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Energy use per capita refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2005)
Fertilizer consumption is the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). The time reference for fertil-izer consumption is the crop year. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether produc-tive or not. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Freshwater withdrawal, agriculture, is withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production as a percentage of total freshwater withdrawal. (World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2008, Primary data documentation)
Freshwater withdrawal, total, is total water withdrawal, excluding evapora-tion losses from storage basins and including water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of internal renewable resources because river flows from other countries are not included, because extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable, or because there is significant water reuse. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2008, Primary data documentation.)
GDP is gross domestic product and measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2006)
GDP per unit of energy use is 2005 gross domestic product (GDP) in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy
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230 2008 The Little Green Data Book
Glossaryuse. PPP GDP is GDP converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (International Energy Agency and World Bank; data are for 2005)
GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative bio-diversity potential for each country developed by the Global Environment Facility, based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index shown in the tables has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential) (World Bank; estimates are for 2005)
GNI per capita is gross national income (GNI) divided by midyear population. GNI is gross domestic product plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from abroad. GNI per capita is in cur-rent U.S. dollars, converted using the World Bank Atlas method (see World Development Indicators 2008, Statistical methods). (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2006)
Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption plus net current transfers. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2006)
Higher plant species, threatened, are the number of species classified by the World Conservation Union as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indetermi-nate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Higher plant species, total known, are native vascular plant species. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and World Conservation Union; data are for 2004)
Internal freshwater resources per capita are internal renewable resources, which include flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country but excludes river flows from other countries, divided by midyear population. (Food and Agriculture Organization, World Resources Institute, and World Bank; estimates are for 2005)
Irrigated land is area purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding. Cropland refers to arable land and land used for per-manent crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2005)
Land area is a country’s total land area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2006)
Mineral depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It covers bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, gold, silver, and zinc. (The wide range of data sources and
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231The Little Green Data Book 2008
methods used to estimate resource depletion are described in World Bank 2006; data are for 2006)
Nationally protected area is totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated as national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries; protected landscapes and seascapes; and scientific reserves. It includes World Conservation Union–protected area categories I–VI. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre; data are for the most recent year available)
Net forest depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth. If growth exceeds harvest, this figure is zero. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank estimates of natural growth; data are for 2006)
Particulate emission damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to reduce the risk of illness and death attributable to particulate emissions. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2005)
Particulate matter is fine suspended particulates of less than 10 microns in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing damage. The indicator is the population-weighted average of all cities in the country with a population greater than 100,000. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2005)
Passenger cars are road motor vehicles, other than two-wheelers, intended for the carriage of passengers and designed to seat no more than nine people including the driver. (International Road Federation; data are for 2005)
Population includes all residents who are present regardless of legal status or citizenship except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. (United Nations; data are midyear estimates for 2006)
Population density, rural, is rural population divided by arable land area. Rural population is estimated as the difference between the total population and urban population. (See urban population; data are for 2006)
Population growth is the exponential change in population for the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2006)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. (United Nations and United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for 2005)
Urban population is the share of the midyear population living in areas defined as urban in each country (United Nations; data are for 2006)
Urban population growth is the exponential change in urban population for the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2006)
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232 2008 The Little Green Data Book
ReferencesBuys, Piet, Uwe Deichmann, Craig Meisner, Thao Ton That, and David
Wheeler. 2007. “Country Stakes in Climate Negotiations: Two Dimensions of Vulnerability.” Policy Research Working Paper 4300. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Cline, W. 2007. Global Warming and Agriculture: Impact Estimates by Country.
Washington, D.C.: Center for Global Development.
Dasgupta, Susmita, Benoit Laplante, Craig Meisner, David Wheeler, and David Jianping Yan. 2007. “The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis.” Policy Research Working Paper 4136. World Bank, Washington, D.C.
IEA (International Energy Agency). 2007. World Energy Outlook 2007. Paris.
McMichael, A. J., D. Campbell-Lendrum, S. Kovats, S. Edwards, P. Wilkinson, T. Wilson, and others. 2004. “Global Climate Change.” In M. J. Ezzati and others, eds., Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and
Regional Burden of Disease Due to Selected Major Risk Factors. Geneva: World Health Organization.
World Bank. 2006. Where Is the Wealth of Nations? Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
WRI (World Resources Institute). 2008. Climate Analysis Indicators Tool, version 5.0. Washington, D.C.
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AFGHANISTAN ALBANIA ALGERIA AMERICAN SAMOA ANDORRA ANGOLA ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA ARGENTINA ARMENIA ARUBA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA AZERBAIJAN THE BAHAMAS BAHRAIN BANGLADESH BARBADOS BELARUS BELGIUM BELIZE BENIN BERMUDA BHUTAN BOLIVIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BOTSWANA BRAZIL BRUNEI DARUSSALAM BULGARIA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CAMBODIA CAMEROON CANADA CAPE VERDE CAYMAN ISLANDS CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD CHANNEL ISLANDS CHILE CHINA COLOMBIA COMOROS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO REPUBLIC OF CONGO COSTA RICA CÔTE D’IVOIRE CROATIA CUBA CYPRUS CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK DJIBOUTI DOMINICA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ECUADOR ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT EL SALVADOR EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA ESTONIA ETHIOPIA FAEROE ISLANDS FIJI FINLAND FRANCE FRENCH POLYNESIA GABON THE GAMBIA GEORGIA GERMANY GHANA GREECE GREENLAND GRENADA GUAM GUATEMALA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU GUYANA HAITI HONDURAS HONG KONG, CHINA HUNGARY ICELAND INDIA INDONESIA ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN IRAQ IRELAND ISLE OF MAN ISRAEL ITALY JAMAICA JAPAN JORDAN KAZAKHSTAN KENYA KIRIBATI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KOREA REPUBLIC OF KOREA KUWAIT KYRGYZ REPUBLIC LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC LATVIA LEBANON LESOTHO LIBERIA LIBYA LIECHTENSTEIN LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG MACAO, CHINA FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALAYSIA MALDIVES MALI MALTA MARSHALL ISLANDS MAURITANIA MAURITIUS MAYOTTE MEXICO FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA MOLDOVA MONACO MONGOLIA MONTENEGRO MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE MYANMAR NAMIBIA NEPAL NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDS ANTILLES NEW CALEDONIA NEW ZEALAND NICARAGUA NIGER NIGERIA NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS NORWAY OMAN PAKISTAN PALAU PANAMA PAPUA NEW GUINEA PARAGUAY PERU PHILIPPINES POLAND PORTUGAL PUERTO RICO QATAR ROMANIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION RWANDA SAMOA SAN MARINO SÃO TOMÉ AND PRINCIPE SAUDI ARABIA SENEGAL SERBIA SEYCHELLES SIERRA LEONE SINGAPORE SLOVAK REPUBLIC SLOVENIA SOLOMON ISLANDS SOMALIA SOUTH AFRICA SPAIN SRI LANKA ST. KITTS AND NEVIS ST. LUCIA ST. VINCENT & GRENADINES SUDAN SURINAME SWAZILAND SWEDEN SWITZERLAND SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC TAJIKISTAN TANZANIA THAILAND TIMOR-LESTE TOGO TONGA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO TUNISIA TURKEY TURKMENISTAN UGANDA UKRAINE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNITED KINGDOM UNITED STATES URUGUAY UZBEKISTAN VANUATU REPÚBLICA BOLIVIARANA DE VENEZUELA VIETNAM U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS WEST BANK AND GAZA REPUBLIC OF YEMEN ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE
From World Development Indicators
Agriculture
Forests and biodiversity
Energy
Emissions and pollution
Water and sanitation
Environment and health
National accounting aggregates
The Little Green Data Book
The Little Green Data Book
ISBN 978-0-8213-7399-6
SKU 17399