From the Margins to the Centre:

Women Influencing Peace Processes

International Gender Justice DialoguePuerto Vallarta, Mexico, April 2010

TWGGI 1325

2.5%Averages: 3.2% 4.6% 7.9%Signatories Mediators Witnesses Negotiation

1. El Salvador (1992) 12% 0% -- 13%

2. Croatia (1995) 0% 0% 0% 11%

3. Bosnia (1995) 0% 0% 0% 0%

4. Guatemala (1996) 11% 0% -- 10%

5. Northern Ireland (1998) 10% 0% -- 10%

6. Indonesia (1999) 0% 0% 0% --

7. Sierra Leone (1999) 0% 0% 25% 0%

8. Burundi (2000) 0% 0% -- 2%

9. Papua New Guinea (2001) 7% 0% -- 4%

10. Macedonia (2001) 0% 0% 0% 5%

11. Afghanistan (2001) 9% 0% -- 9%

12. Somalia (2002) 0% 0% 0% --

13. Cote d’Ivoire (2003) 0% 0% 0% --

14. DRC (2003) 5% 0% 0% 12%

15. Liberia (2003) 0% 0% 17% --

16. Sudan (2005) 0% 0% 9% --

17. Darfur (2006) 0% 0% 7% 8%

18. Nepal (2006) 0% -- 0% 0%

19. The Philippines (2007) 0% 0% -- --

20. DRC (2008) – North Kivu 5% 20% 0% --

21. DRC (2008) – South Kivu 0% 20% 0% --

22. Uganda (2008) 0% 0% 20% 9%

23. Kenya (2008) 0% 33% 0% 25%

24. Central African Rep. (2008) 0% 0% 0% --

• Formation of a separate party or clan (Northern Ireland, Somalia)• Women’s group with Observer status (Uganda, Burundi, Liberia,

Darfur)• Formation of a parallel process or forum (Burundi, Afghanistan)• Access to parties via sympathetic mediator (Congo, Guatemala)• Gender advisors to the mediator (Darfur), facilitator (Uganda), or

women delegates (Darfur)• As part of a sub-committee/working group/table on gender that

feeds into the discussions at the official talks (Guatemala, Sri Lanka).

• Through community mobilization and nation-wide consultations (Uganda, South Africa).

• On security• On economic security and empowerment• On participation• On accountability• On reconstruction

Women’s demands

• UN standardized protocol for representation of women’s civil society in UN-sponsored peace talks.

• Mechanisms to increase participation (quotas as condition for support, incentives)

• Women’s participation and technical work on the gender implications of every component of peace deals.

• Pre-deployment gender-awareness training of mediators.

• Women’s human rights defenders in in donor countries to demand increased funding to implement 1325

Thank you